One Health is dedicated to maintaining and fostering a dynamic balance among humans, animals, and the environment. Since 2013, it has seen considerable developments globally. This review aims to encapsulate the histor...One Health is dedicated to maintaining and fostering a dynamic balance among humans, animals, and the environment. Since 2013, it has seen considerable developments globally. This review aims to encapsulate the history of One Health, as well as chart its future trajectory. Numerous research institutions founded under the principles of One Health have been established, and several pragmatic projects are currently underway. While it is imperative to solidify foundational education, further policy support is required to cultivate the One Health paradigm. Identifying research directions at a political level is necessary to provide the technical support needed for practical application. The future of One Health envisions a comprehensive approach to primary prevention, the utilization of open and shared data sets, as well as real-world surveys and interviews. This integrated approach is encapsulated in the concept of One Health Delivery. At this stage, One Health Delivery needs to build a systematic framework that focuses on integrating and communicating across disciplines and training researchers with complete practical skills.展开更多
One Health recognizes the close links and interdependence among human health,animal health and environmental health.With the pandemic of COVID-19 and the risk of many emerging or reemerging infectious diseases of zoon...One Health recognizes the close links and interdependence among human health,animal health and environmental health.With the pandemic of COVID-19 and the risk of many emerging or reemerging infectious diseases of zoonotic nature as well as the spreading antimicrobial resistance,One Health has become one of top concerns globally,as it entails the essential global public health challenges from antimicrobial resistance over zoonoses,to climate change,food security and societal well-being.Research priorities in One Health include the study on interactions of human-animal-plants-nature ecology interface,systems thinking,integrated surveillance and response systems,and the overall One Health governance as part of the global health and sustainability governance.The now launched journal,Science in One Health,aims to be a resource platform that disseminates scientific evidence,knowledge,and tools on the One Health approaches and respective possible socio-ecological interventions.Thus,aims at providing fruitful exchanges of information and experience among researchers,and decision makers as well as public health actors.展开更多
One Health has been recognized as a cost-effectiveness approach that intricate connections between human health,animal health,and ecosystem health.This holistic perspective is crucial for addressing complex health cha...One Health has been recognized as a cost-effectiveness approach that intricate connections between human health,animal health,and ecosystem health.This holistic perspective is crucial for addressing complex health challenges that arise at the intersection of these domains,such as emerging infectious diseases,antimicrobial resistance,food safety&food security,and environmental degradation.The beneficiaries of the One Health ap-proach have been demonstrated by many case studies worldwide,and summarized by The World Bank that not only support poverty alleviation in developing countries,but also can reduce pandemic risk globally.It is essential for us to understand the means of promoting the initiatives in building the transdisciplinary science of One Health that requires a global vision with integration of various disciplines,stakeholders,and resources.Therefore,we introduce the role of the transdisciplinary science of One Health,and the key steps and strategies necessary to implement One Health approach in the real world.We also propose three research priorities,including empha-sizing climate change and health,enhancing global health security,and promoting equity and inclusivity which is crucial for the success of One Health initiatives.Hence,building a transdisciplinary science of One Health will not only improve holistic health between human,animal,and environmental domains,but also contribute to the global health security and sustainable development.展开更多
Background:One Health is an integrated concept of health that aims to optimize the health of humans,animals,plants,and the environment.Identifying research gaps and specific expertise areas is important for understand...Background:One Health is an integrated concept of health that aims to optimize the health of humans,animals,plants,and the environment.Identifying research gaps and specific expertise areas is important for understanding the role of One Health in practice.This information on One Health could be used to promote collaboration and research,inspire innovative ideas,and accelerate the translation of evidence-based practices into policies.Methods:We searched the Scopus database for publications related to One Health between 2012 and 2021 to extract bibliometric information and investigate the possibility of establishing a dedicated expertise database.We matched scholarly information using SciVal to exclude duplicate information and identify scholars’affiliations,countries,and academic profiles.Individual academic contributions to One Health were evaluated according to their citations,publication impact,publication type,and author contributions.Results:A total of 8,313 publications on One Health over a ten-year period were identified,with the number of publications increasing over time.The largest number of publications came from the United States and the United Kingdom.These countries also had the highest number of experts and a high level of international collaboration.We identified 500 scholars from 53 countries and 313 affiliations with a median Hirsch Index of 20 who could be included in a One Health expert database.These scientists had a median of six publications on One Health,with topics mostly focusing on dengue and antimicrobial resistance.Conclusion:A One Health information database could be used as a third-party reference for scholars,a source to track the ongoing academic progress,and support for active scholars in this field of research.展开更多
Following publication of the original article[1],it was found the number of countries with identified One Health publications was incorrectly shown in Table 2,Supplementary data-Multimedia component 3(Table-S2),corres...Following publication of the original article[1],it was found the number of countries with identified One Health publications was incorrectly shown in Table 2,Supplementary data-Multimedia component 3(Table-S2),corresponding text and Fig.3,which should be corrected to 178.The number of countries with 500 One Health experts identified should be corrected to 53 in the abstract.展开更多
Background:The emergence of dengue fever has prompted significant public health responses,highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding of One Health in addressing vector-borne diseases.China's experienc...Background:The emergence of dengue fever has prompted significant public health responses,highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding of One Health in addressing vector-borne diseases.China's experience in dengue control and prevention programs offers valuable insights into the successful integration of multidisciplinary strategies.Aims:The review aims to:(1)systematically analyze lessons from China's dengue control and prevention programs,focusing on the integration of these efforts with the One Health approach;(2)underscore the reasons of optimizing the dengue control and prevention program;(3)highlight the alignment of China's dengue control strategies with the One Health framework;(4)contribute to global efforts in combating dengue,providing scientific evidence and strategic recommendations for other regions facing similar challenges.Results:Through a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews,this study found China's approach to dengue control and prevention implemented through a hierarchical system led by the government,with collaborative efforts across multiple departments.This multi-sectoral collaboration mechanism enables the technical interventions well executed by health and disease control institutions,optimizing the integration of multiple costeffeteness approaches,such as case management,early detection and outbreak response,reducing local transmission,and minimizing severe cases and fatalities.It was found that community participation and public health education have played a vital role in raising awareness,promoting personal protective measures,and enhancing the overall effectiveness of control efforts.The implementation of these integrated interventions has resulted in reduced dengue cases and improved capacity of outbreak response.China's dengue control strategies under the One Health framework,with focus on interdisciplinary collaboration,incorporated environmental and ecological interventions,which reduced mosquito breeding sites and improved sanitation.The findings of the review underscore the need for continuous improvement in early warning systems,scientific research,and the adoption of the One Health approach to address emerging challenges posed by climate change and the cross-border spread of infectious diseases.Conclusion:China's dengue control and prevention programs provide a compelling case study for the effective application of the One Health approach.By systematically analyzing the integration of multidisciplinary strategies,this review reveals valuable lessons on optimizing public health responses to vector-borne diseases.The alignment of these strategies with One Health principles not only enhances the effectiveness of dengue control efforts in China but also offers a framework that can be adapted by other regions facing similar challenges.Ultimately,the insights gained from this analysis contribute to the global fight against dengue,emphasizing the need for collaborative and holistic approaches in public health initiatives.展开更多
Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that infects nearly all warm-blooded animals,including humans(Montoya and Liesenfeld,2004).It occurs worldwide and can persist for a lifetime in mammals.Humans get infecte...Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that infects nearly all warm-blooded animals,including humans(Montoya and Liesenfeld,2004).It occurs worldwide and can persist for a lifetime in mammals.Humans get infected by eating undercooked meat of animals containing the tissue cysts of this parasite.In immune-competent individuals,T.展开更多
GLOBAL CONTEXT OF CHIKUNGUNYA As of August 12,2025,Guangdong province has reported over 10,000 confirmed chikungunya cases within just one month,with most cases concentrated in Foshan city.This rapid and unexpected re...GLOBAL CONTEXT OF CHIKUNGUNYA As of August 12,2025,Guangdong province has reported over 10,000 confirmed chikungunya cases within just one month,with most cases concentrated in Foshan city.This rapid and unexpected resurgence has drawn significant attention from health authorities both within China and internationally,raising substantial public health concerns.展开更多
Background:A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, ani...Background:A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment. However, the dearth of real-world evidence has hampered application of a One Health approach in shaping policies and practice. This study proposes the development of a potential evaluation tool for One Health performance, in order to contribute to the scientific measurement of One Health approach and the identification of gaps where One Health capacity building is most urgently needed.Methods:We describe five steps towards a global One Health index (GOHI), including (i) framework formulation;(ii) indicator selection;(iii) database building;(iv) weight determination;and (v) GOHI scores calculation. A cell-like framework for GOHI is proposed, which comprises an external drivers index (EDI), an intrinsic drivers index (IDI) and a core drivers index (CDI). We construct the indicator scheme for GOHI based on this framework after multiple rounds of panel discussions with our expert advisory committee. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is adopted to determine the weights for each of the indicators.Results:The weighted indicator scheme of GOHI comprises three first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 57 third-level indicators. According to the pilot analysis based on the data from more than 200 countries/territories the GOHI scores overall are far from ideal (the highest score of 65.0 out of a maximum score of 100), and we found considerable variations among different countries/territories (31.8–65.0). The results from the pilot analysis are consistent with the results from a literature review, which suggests that a GOHI as a potential tool for the assessment of One Health performance might be feasible.Conclusions:GOHI—subject to rigorous validation—would represent the world’s first evaluation tool that constructs the conceptual framework from a holistic perspective of One Health. Future application of GOHI might promote a common understanding of a strong One Health approach and provide reference for promoting effective measures to strengthen One Health capacity building. With further adaptations under various scenarios, GOHI, along with its technical protocols and databases, will be updated regularly to address current technical limitations, and capture new knowledge.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is as an emerging infectious disease(EID)that has caused the worst public health catastrophe of the 21st century thus far.In terms of impact,the COVID-19 pandemic is second only to th...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is as an emerging infectious disease(EID)that has caused the worst public health catastrophe of the 21st century thus far.In terms of impact,the COVID-19 pandemic is second only to the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918 in modern world history.As of 7 September 2021,there have been 220 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and more than 4.5 million deaths.EIDs pose serious public health and socio-economic risks,and 70%of EIDs originate from wildlife.Preventing development of EIDs such as COVID-19 is a pressing concern.Here,taking the COVID-19 pandemic as an example,we illustrate the disastrous effects of EIDs and assess their emergence and evolution from a One Health perspective.We propose a One Health strategy,centered on‘moving the gates forward’,for EID prevention and control at the human-animal-environment interface.This strategy may be instructive and provide early warnings of EIDs in the future.展开更多
Due to the increase in human population,habitat destruction,and the close interaction between humans,animals and the environment,these dynamic changes are a threat to the health of human,animal and environment.Therefo...Due to the increase in human population,habitat destruction,and the close interaction between humans,animals and the environment,these dynamic changes are a threat to the health of human,animal and environment.Therefore,we required intervention consisting of medical,veterinary,environment and other relevant disciplines and sectors in combination.If biological and environmental health is supposed to be optimum,cooperation and coordination is necessary between the multi‐sectoral stakeholders responsible for the efforts.It not limits to a region or country on a worldwide scope.One Health encourages a collaborative,coordinated,and multidisciplinary approach to ensure the health and wellbeing of humans,animals,and the environment across different spatial levels,it aims to optimal health for lives and the environment,and recognizing the interconnection between people,animals,plants,and their shared environment.This review discussed the essential to integrate One Health in the areas of infectious diseases,food safety,antimicrobial resistance,ecological environment,and chronic diseases etc.,and discuss the practice of One Health in each area with some examples,hoping that One Health will serve as a framework to solve the challenges and issues facing China.展开更多
Background:Understanding the global burden of enteric infections is crucial for prioritizing control strategies for foodborne and waterborne diseases.This study aimed to assess the global burden of enteric infections ...Background:Understanding the global burden of enteric infections is crucial for prioritizing control strategies for foodborne and waterborne diseases.This study aimed to assess the global burden of enteric infections in 2021 and identify risk factors from One Health aspects.Methods:Leveraging the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021 database,the incidence,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),and deaths of enteric infections and the subtypes were estimated,including diarrheal diseases,typhoid and paratyphoid fever,invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella(iNTS)infections,and other intestinal infectious diseases.The estimates were quantified by absolute number,age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),agestandardized mortality rate(ASMR)and age-standardized DALY rate with 95%uncertainty intervals(UIs).Thirteen pathogens and three risk factors associated with diarrheal diseases were analyzed.Results:In 2021,the global age-standardized DALY rate of enteric infections was 1020.15 per 100,000 popultion(95%UI:822.70-1259.39 per 100,000 population)with an estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)of-4.11%(95%confidence interval:-4.31%to-3.90%)in 1990-2021.A larger burden was observed in regions with lower socio-demographic index(SDI)levels.Diarrheal disease was the most serious subtype with Western Sub-Saharan Africa exhibiting the highest age-standardized DALY rate(2769.81 per 100,000 population,95%UI:1976.80-3674.41 per 100,000 population).Children under 5 and adults over 65 years suffered more from diarrheal diseases with the former experiencing the highest global age-standardized DALY rate(9382.46 per 100,000 population,95%UI:6771.76-13,075.12 per 100,000 population).Rotavirus remained the leading cause of diarrheal diseases despite a cross-year decline in the observed age-standardized DALY rate.Unsafe water,sanitation,and handwashing contributed most to the disease burden.Conclusion:The reduced burden of enteric infections suggested the effectiveness of previous control strategies;however,more efforts should be made in vulnerable regions and populations through a One Health approach.展开更多
Emerging infectious diseases are some of modern society's greatest threats. Like some great construction efforts designed to protect mankind, current public health measures against these emerging pathogens have no...Emerging infectious diseases are some of modern society's greatest threats. Like some great construction efforts designed to protect mankind, current public health measures against these emerging pathogens have not always been successful. This paper highlights the importance of embracing new interdisciplinary approaches towards emerging pathogen threats. One such approach, termed One Health, is quickly being embraced by professional organizations and public health institutions across the world as a way forward. This paper briefly discusses the above problems and preliminary steps taken by Chinese academic institutions to embrace the One Health approach.展开更多
It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the planet,which is seriously affecting the planetary health including human health.Adapting climate change should not only be a slogan,but requires a united,holistic ...It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the planet,which is seriously affecting the planetary health including human health.Adapting climate change should not only be a slogan,but requires a united,holistic action and a paradigm shift from crisis response to an ambitious and integrated approach immediately.Recognizing the urgent needs to tackle the risk connection between climate change and One Health,the four key messages and recommendations that with the intent to guide further research and to promote international cooperation to achieve a more climate-resilient world are provided.展开更多
Background:Zoonoses are public health threats that cause severe damage worldwide.Zoonoses constitute a key indicator of One Health(OH)and the OH approach is being applied for zoonosis control programmes of zoonotic di...Background:Zoonoses are public health threats that cause severe damage worldwide.Zoonoses constitute a key indicator of One Health(OH)and the OH approach is being applied for zoonosis control programmes of zoonotic diseases.In a very recent study,we developed an evaluation system for OH performance through the global OH index(GOHI).This study applied the GOHI to evaluate OH performance for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods:The framework for the OH index on zoonoses(OHIZ)was constructed including five indicators,15 subindicators and 28 datasets.Publicly available data were referenced to generate the OHIZ database which included both qualitative and quantitative indicators for all sub-Sahara African countries(n=48).The GOHI algorithm was used to estimate scores for OHIZ.Indicator weights were calculated by adopting the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.Results:Overall,five indicators associated with weights were generated as follows:source of infection(23.70%),route of transmission(25.31%),targeted population(19.09%),capacity building(16.77%),and outcomes/case studies(15.13%).Following the indicators,a total of 37 sub-Sahara African countries aligned with OHIZ validation,while 11 territories were excluded for unfit or missing data.The OHIZ average score of sub-Saharan Africa was estimated at 53.67/100.The highest score was 71.99 from South Africa,while the lowest score was 40.51 from Benin.It is also worth mentioning that Sub-Sahara African countries had high performance in many subindicators associated with zoonoses,e.g.,surveillance and response,vector and reservoir interventions,and natural protected areas,which suggests that this region had a certain capacity in control and prevention or responses to zoonotic events.Conclusions:This study reveals that it is possible to perform OH evaluation for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa by OHIZ.Findings from this study provide preliminary research information in advancing knowledge of the evidenced risks to strengthen strategies for effective control of zoonoses and to support the prevention of zoonotic events.展开更多
CORONAVIRUSES Coronaviruses（CoVs）are a large group of viruses found in many species of animals around the world,particularly bats and wild birds.CoVs result in various clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomat...CORONAVIRUSES Coronaviruses（CoVs）are a large group of viruses found in many species of animals around the world,particularly bats and wild birds.CoVs result in various clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic respiratory,hepatic,展开更多
Background:Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)is one of the greatest threats to animal and public health.Here,we conducted a dynamic surveillance of Escherichia coli on Chongming Island in Shanghai during 2009-2021 to ident...Background:Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)is one of the greatest threats to animal and public health.Here,we conducted a dynamic surveillance of Escherichia coli on Chongming Island in Shanghai during 2009-2021 to identify the characteristics and trends of Chongming’s AMR pandemic.Methods:Rectal(cloaca)swabs from four poultry and nine swine farms(Chongming Island,2009-2021)were collected for E.coli strains acquisition.The micro-broth dilution method was used to test antimicrobial susceptibility of E.coli isolates against 10 antimicrobial classes including 15 antimicrobials.Utilizing generalized linear mixed models(GLMMs)and co-occurrence analyses,we further explored the multiple-drug-resistance(MDR)combinations and dynamic patterns of E.coli over 10 years in two food animals.Results:Total of 863 MDR isolates were found among 945 collected E.coli isolates,337 from poultry and 608 from swine.Both isolates exhibited high resistant rates(>70%)to tetracyclines,phenicols,sulfonamides,penicillins,and aminoglycosides(only in swine).The resistant rates of swine isolates to penicillins,aminoglycosides,tetracyclines,phenicols,and polymyxins were significantly higher than those of poultry isolates,whereas resistance to fluoroquinolones was reversed.Resistance to polymyxins decreased similarly in swine(42.4%in 2009 to 0.0%in 2021)and poultry isolates(from 16.5%to 0.0%).However,resistance to other seven antimicrobial classes(excluding carbapenems and penicillins)declined dramatically in swine isolates,particularly fluoroquinolones(from 80.5%to 14.4%),and tendencies of resistance to the seven classes showed markedly divergent patterns in poultry isolates.Using Poisson GLMMs,the AMR carriage since 2016 was significantly lower than that of 2009(odds ratio<1),indicating a decline in the risk of MDR emergence.Furthermore,despite the highly diverse MDR profiles,co-occurrence analysis identified two prominent MDR clusters of penicillins-phenicols-fluoroquinolones in poultry and aminoglycosides-tetracyclines-sulfonamides-phenicols in swine.Conclusions:Our study uncovered vastly distinct AMR patterns and dynamic tendencies of poultry and swine E.coli isolates from Chongming.Meanwhile,Chongming’s AMR status has ameliorated,as indicated by the decline in antimicrobials prevalence(particularly in swine),lower likelihood of MDR emergence and low carbapenem-,cephalosporin-,and polymyxin resistance.Importantly,this surveillance results are the vital basis for future policy development in Chongming and Shanghai.展开更多
Background Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis,caused by the liver flukes Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini respectively,represent significant neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)in Asia.The co-existence of th...Background Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis,caused by the liver flukes Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini respectively,represent significant neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)in Asia.The co-existence of these pathogens in overlapping regions complicates effective disease control strategies.This study aimed to clarify the distribution and interaction of these diseases within Southeast Asia.Methods We systematically collated occurrence records of human clonorchiasis(n=1809)and opisthorchiasis(n=731)across the Southeast Asia countries.Utilizing species distribution models incorporating environmental and climatic data,coupled machine learning algorithms with boosted regression trees,we predicted and distinguished endemic areas for each fluke species.Machine learning techniques,including geospatial analysis,were employed to delineate the boundaries between these flukes.Results Our analysis revealed that the endemic range of C.sinensis and O.viverrini in Southeast Asia primarily spans across part of China,Vietnam,Thailand,Laos,and Cambodia.During the period from 2000 to 2018,we identified C.sinensis infections in 84 distinct locations,predominantly in southern China(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region)and northern Vietnam.In a stark contrast,O.viverrini was more widely distributed,with infections documented in 721 locations across Thailand,Laos,Cambodia,and Vietnam.Critical environmental determinants were quantitatively analyzed,revealing annual mean temperatures ranging between 14 and 20°C in clonorchiasis-endemic areas and 24-30°C in opisthorchiasis regions(P<0.05).The machine learning model effectively mapped a distinct demarcation zone,demonstrating a clear separation between the endemic areas of these two liver flukes with AUC from 0.9 to1.The study in Vietnam delineates the coexistence and geographical boundaries of C.sinensis and O.viverrini,revealing distinct endemic zones and a transitional area where both liver fluke species overlap.Conclusions Our findings highlight the critical role of specific climatic and environmental factors in influencing the geographical distribution of C.sinensis and O.viverrini.This spatial delineation offers valuable insights for integrated surveillance and control strategies,particularly in regions with sympatric transmission.The results underscore the need for tailored interventions,considering regional epidemiological variations.Future collaborations integrating eco-epidemiology,molecular epidemiology,and parasitology are essential to further elucidate the complex interplay of liver fluke distributions in Asia.展开更多
The discovery of the hazardous effects associated with the polymer additives 1,3-diphenyl guanidine(DPG)and 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine(DTG)has prompted the need for biomonitoring studies to detect human exposure.However,...The discovery of the hazardous effects associated with the polymer additives 1,3-diphenyl guanidine(DPG)and 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine(DTG)has prompted the need for biomonitoring studies to detect human exposure.However,limited information is available about their metabolism.To address this gap,this study investigates the Phase I and II in-vitro biotransformation of both chemicals using human liver microsomes and cytosol.The samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution-(tandem)mass spectrometry through suspect(of in-silico predicted metabolites)and nontarget screening.The analysis revealed four Phase I and two Phase II metabolic products for both DPG and DTG.Hydroxylation of the benzene ring led to the tentative identification of mono-and dihydroxylated metabolites.Subsequent Phase I deamination followed by oxidation resulted in the formation of hydroxy-phenylurea and an intramolecular cyclization resulted in the formation of hydroxycyclic products.Furthermore,N-glucuronidation and O-glucuronidation products were identified for the first time.After performing urinalysis,DPG and DTG could be quantified in the 0.020.23μg L^(−1) range,and DPG-227(mono-hydroxylated DPG)was estimated to be present at ca.0.010.10μg L^(−1) range,using DPG response as quantification surrogate.Finally,toxicity assessment using an in-silico tool indicated the need to consider these human metabolites in(eco)toxicological assessments,as they may have the same or even greater effects on humans and the environment.展开更多
基金supported by China Medical Board(No.20-365)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Integrated Innovation Fund(No.2020-01).
文摘One Health is dedicated to maintaining and fostering a dynamic balance among humans, animals, and the environment. Since 2013, it has seen considerable developments globally. This review aims to encapsulate the history of One Health, as well as chart its future trajectory. Numerous research institutions founded under the principles of One Health have been established, and several pragmatic projects are currently underway. While it is imperative to solidify foundational education, further policy support is required to cultivate the One Health paradigm. Identifying research directions at a political level is necessary to provide the technical support needed for practical application. The future of One Health envisions a comprehensive approach to primary prevention, the utilization of open and shared data sets, as well as real-world surveys and interviews. This integrated approach is encapsulated in the concept of One Health Delivery. At this stage, One Health Delivery needs to build a systematic framework that focuses on integrating and communicating across disciplines and training researchers with complete practical skills.
基金supported by China Medical Board(No.20-365)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Integrated Innovation Fund(No.2020-01).
文摘One Health recognizes the close links and interdependence among human health,animal health and environmental health.With the pandemic of COVID-19 and the risk of many emerging or reemerging infectious diseases of zoonotic nature as well as the spreading antimicrobial resistance,One Health has become one of top concerns globally,as it entails the essential global public health challenges from antimicrobial resistance over zoonoses,to climate change,food security and societal well-being.Research priorities in One Health include the study on interactions of human-animal-plants-nature ecology interface,systems thinking,integrated surveillance and response systems,and the overall One Health governance as part of the global health and sustainability governance.The now launched journal,Science in One Health,aims to be a resource platform that disseminates scientific evidence,knowledge,and tools on the One Health approaches and respective possible socio-ecological interventions.Thus,aims at providing fruitful exchanges of information and experience among researchers,and decision makers as well as public health actors.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2300800,2021YFC2300804)the International Joint Laboratory on Tropical Diseases Control in Greater Mekong Subregion(No.21410750200).
文摘One Health has been recognized as a cost-effectiveness approach that intricate connections between human health,animal health,and ecosystem health.This holistic perspective is crucial for addressing complex health challenges that arise at the intersection of these domains,such as emerging infectious diseases,antimicrobial resistance,food safety&food security,and environmental degradation.The beneficiaries of the One Health ap-proach have been demonstrated by many case studies worldwide,and summarized by The World Bank that not only support poverty alleviation in developing countries,but also can reduce pandemic risk globally.It is essential for us to understand the means of promoting the initiatives in building the transdisciplinary science of One Health that requires a global vision with integration of various disciplines,stakeholders,and resources.Therefore,we introduce the role of the transdisciplinary science of One Health,and the key steps and strategies necessary to implement One Health approach in the real world.We also propose three research priorities,including empha-sizing climate change and health,enhancing global health security,and promoting equity and inclusivity which is crucial for the success of One Health initiatives.Hence,building a transdisciplinary science of One Health will not only improve holistic health between human,animal,and environmental domains,but also contribute to the global health security and sustainable development.
基金supported by Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation(No.INV-046218).
文摘Background:One Health is an integrated concept of health that aims to optimize the health of humans,animals,plants,and the environment.Identifying research gaps and specific expertise areas is important for understanding the role of One Health in practice.This information on One Health could be used to promote collaboration and research,inspire innovative ideas,and accelerate the translation of evidence-based practices into policies.Methods:We searched the Scopus database for publications related to One Health between 2012 and 2021 to extract bibliometric information and investigate the possibility of establishing a dedicated expertise database.We matched scholarly information using SciVal to exclude duplicate information and identify scholars’affiliations,countries,and academic profiles.Individual academic contributions to One Health were evaluated according to their citations,publication impact,publication type,and author contributions.Results:A total of 8,313 publications on One Health over a ten-year period were identified,with the number of publications increasing over time.The largest number of publications came from the United States and the United Kingdom.These countries also had the highest number of experts and a high level of international collaboration.We identified 500 scholars from 53 countries and 313 affiliations with a median Hirsch Index of 20 who could be included in a One Health expert database.These scientists had a median of six publications on One Health,with topics mostly focusing on dengue and antimicrobial resistance.Conclusion:A One Health information database could be used as a third-party reference for scholars,a source to track the ongoing academic progress,and support for active scholars in this field of research.
文摘Following publication of the original article[1],it was found the number of countries with identified One Health publications was incorrectly shown in Table 2,Supplementary data-Multimedia component 3(Table-S2),corresponding text and Fig.3,which should be corrected to 178.The number of countries with 500 One Health experts identified should be corrected to 53 in the abstract.
基金supported by the National Parasitic Resources Center,the Ministry of Science and Technology fund(grant number NPRC-2019-194-30)the International Joint Laboratory on Tropical Diseases Control in Greater Mekong Subregion(grant number 21410750200)+3 种基金Hainan Province Health Technology Innovation Joint Project(grant number WSJK2024MS226)the Three-Year Public Health Action Plan(No.2023-2025)of Shanghai(grant numbers GWVI-11.1-12,GWVI-11.2-XD33)Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program(grant numbers 2022FY100900,2022FY100904)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(grant number B2404002).
文摘Background:The emergence of dengue fever has prompted significant public health responses,highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding of One Health in addressing vector-borne diseases.China's experience in dengue control and prevention programs offers valuable insights into the successful integration of multidisciplinary strategies.Aims:The review aims to:(1)systematically analyze lessons from China's dengue control and prevention programs,focusing on the integration of these efforts with the One Health approach;(2)underscore the reasons of optimizing the dengue control and prevention program;(3)highlight the alignment of China's dengue control strategies with the One Health framework;(4)contribute to global efforts in combating dengue,providing scientific evidence and strategic recommendations for other regions facing similar challenges.Results:Through a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews,this study found China's approach to dengue control and prevention implemented through a hierarchical system led by the government,with collaborative efforts across multiple departments.This multi-sectoral collaboration mechanism enables the technical interventions well executed by health and disease control institutions,optimizing the integration of multiple costeffeteness approaches,such as case management,early detection and outbreak response,reducing local transmission,and minimizing severe cases and fatalities.It was found that community participation and public health education have played a vital role in raising awareness,promoting personal protective measures,and enhancing the overall effectiveness of control efforts.The implementation of these integrated interventions has resulted in reduced dengue cases and improved capacity of outbreak response.China's dengue control strategies under the One Health framework,with focus on interdisciplinary collaboration,incorporated environmental and ecological interventions,which reduced mosquito breeding sites and improved sanitation.The findings of the review underscore the need for continuous improvement in early warning systems,scientific research,and the adoption of the One Health approach to address emerging challenges posed by climate change and the cross-border spread of infectious diseases.Conclusion:China's dengue control and prevention programs provide a compelling case study for the effective application of the One Health approach.By systematically analyzing the integration of multidisciplinary strategies,this review reveals valuable lessons on optimizing public health responses to vector-borne diseases.The alignment of these strategies with One Health principles not only enhances the effectiveness of dengue control efforts in China but also offers a framework that can be adapted by other regions facing similar challenges.Ultimately,the insights gained from this analysis contribute to the global fight against dengue,emphasizing the need for collaborative and holistic approaches in public health initiatives.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci ence Foundation of China(No.31672543)the Zhejiang Province“Sannongliufang”Science and Technology Coopera tion Project(No.2020SNLF007),China.
文摘Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that infects nearly all warm-blooded animals,including humans(Montoya and Liesenfeld,2004).It occurs worldwide and can persist for a lifetime in mammals.Humans get infected by eating undercooked meat of animals containing the tissue cysts of this parasite.In immune-competent individuals,T.
文摘GLOBAL CONTEXT OF CHIKUNGUNYA As of August 12,2025,Guangdong province has reported over 10,000 confirmed chikungunya cases within just one month,with most cases concentrated in Foshan city.This rapid and unexpected resurgence has drawn significant attention from health authorities both within China and internationally,raising substantial public health concerns.
基金The project was supported by China Medical Board(no.20-365)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Integrated Innovation Fund(no.2020-01).
文摘Background:A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment. However, the dearth of real-world evidence has hampered application of a One Health approach in shaping policies and practice. This study proposes the development of a potential evaluation tool for One Health performance, in order to contribute to the scientific measurement of One Health approach and the identification of gaps where One Health capacity building is most urgently needed.Methods:We describe five steps towards a global One Health index (GOHI), including (i) framework formulation;(ii) indicator selection;(iii) database building;(iv) weight determination;and (v) GOHI scores calculation. A cell-like framework for GOHI is proposed, which comprises an external drivers index (EDI), an intrinsic drivers index (IDI) and a core drivers index (CDI). We construct the indicator scheme for GOHI based on this framework after multiple rounds of panel discussions with our expert advisory committee. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is adopted to determine the weights for each of the indicators.Results:The weighted indicator scheme of GOHI comprises three first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 57 third-level indicators. According to the pilot analysis based on the data from more than 200 countries/territories the GOHI scores overall are far from ideal (the highest score of 65.0 out of a maximum score of 100), and we found considerable variations among different countries/territories (31.8–65.0). The results from the pilot analysis are consistent with the results from a literature review, which suggests that a GOHI as a potential tool for the assessment of One Health performance might be feasible.Conclusions:GOHI—subject to rigorous validation—would represent the world’s first evaluation tool that constructs the conceptual framework from a holistic perspective of One Health. Future application of GOHI might promote a common understanding of a strong One Health approach and provide reference for promoting effective measures to strengthen One Health capacity building. With further adaptations under various scenarios, GOHI, along with its technical protocols and databases, will be updated regularly to address current technical limitations, and capture new knowledge.
基金This work was funded by the the National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFE0208000),funder is Jiahai Lu.
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is as an emerging infectious disease(EID)that has caused the worst public health catastrophe of the 21st century thus far.In terms of impact,the COVID-19 pandemic is second only to the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918 in modern world history.As of 7 September 2021,there have been 220 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and more than 4.5 million deaths.EIDs pose serious public health and socio-economic risks,and 70%of EIDs originate from wildlife.Preventing development of EIDs such as COVID-19 is a pressing concern.Here,taking the COVID-19 pandemic as an example,we illustrate the disastrous effects of EIDs and assess their emergence and evolution from a One Health perspective.We propose a One Health strategy,centered on‘moving the gates forward’,for EID prevention and control at the human-animal-environment interface.This strategy may be instructive and provide early warnings of EIDs in the future.
基金This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0208000)the Key‐Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2018B020241002).
文摘Due to the increase in human population,habitat destruction,and the close interaction between humans,animals and the environment,these dynamic changes are a threat to the health of human,animal and environment.Therefore,we required intervention consisting of medical,veterinary,environment and other relevant disciplines and sectors in combination.If biological and environmental health is supposed to be optimum,cooperation and coordination is necessary between the multi‐sectoral stakeholders responsible for the efforts.It not limits to a region or country on a worldwide scope.One Health encourages a collaborative,coordinated,and multidisciplinary approach to ensure the health and wellbeing of humans,animals,and the environment across different spatial levels,it aims to optimal health for lives and the environment,and recognizing the interconnection between people,animals,plants,and their shared environment.This review discussed the essential to integrate One Health in the areas of infectious diseases,food safety,antimicrobial resistance,ecological environment,and chronic diseases etc.,and discuss the practice of One Health in each area with some examples,hoping that One Health will serve as a framework to solve the challenges and issues facing China.
基金supported by Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation[grant number OPP1152504]International Joint Laboratory on Tropical Diseases Control in Greater Mekong Subregion[grant number 21410750200]+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 82304102]Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai[grant number 23ZR1436200]Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation[grant number 22YF1421100]Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation[grant number 23YF1421200].
文摘Background:Understanding the global burden of enteric infections is crucial for prioritizing control strategies for foodborne and waterborne diseases.This study aimed to assess the global burden of enteric infections in 2021 and identify risk factors from One Health aspects.Methods:Leveraging the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021 database,the incidence,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),and deaths of enteric infections and the subtypes were estimated,including diarrheal diseases,typhoid and paratyphoid fever,invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella(iNTS)infections,and other intestinal infectious diseases.The estimates were quantified by absolute number,age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),agestandardized mortality rate(ASMR)and age-standardized DALY rate with 95%uncertainty intervals(UIs).Thirteen pathogens and three risk factors associated with diarrheal diseases were analyzed.Results:In 2021,the global age-standardized DALY rate of enteric infections was 1020.15 per 100,000 popultion(95%UI:822.70-1259.39 per 100,000 population)with an estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)of-4.11%(95%confidence interval:-4.31%to-3.90%)in 1990-2021.A larger burden was observed in regions with lower socio-demographic index(SDI)levels.Diarrheal disease was the most serious subtype with Western Sub-Saharan Africa exhibiting the highest age-standardized DALY rate(2769.81 per 100,000 population,95%UI:1976.80-3674.41 per 100,000 population).Children under 5 and adults over 65 years suffered more from diarrheal diseases with the former experiencing the highest global age-standardized DALY rate(9382.46 per 100,000 population,95%UI:6771.76-13,075.12 per 100,000 population).Rotavirus remained the leading cause of diarrheal diseases despite a cross-year decline in the observed age-standardized DALY rate.Unsafe water,sanitation,and handwashing contributed most to the disease burden.Conclusion:The reduced burden of enteric infections suggested the effectiveness of previous control strategies;however,more efforts should be made in vulnerable regions and populations through a One Health approach.
文摘Emerging infectious diseases are some of modern society's greatest threats. Like some great construction efforts designed to protect mankind, current public health measures against these emerging pathogens have not always been successful. This paper highlights the importance of embracing new interdisciplinary approaches towards emerging pathogen threats. One such approach, termed One Health, is quickly being embraced by professional organizations and public health institutions across the world as a way forward. This paper briefly discusses the above problems and preliminary steps taken by Chinese academic institutions to embrace the One Health approach.
基金Shanghai International Science and Technology Partnership Project(No. 21230780200)。
文摘It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the planet,which is seriously affecting the planetary health including human health.Adapting climate change should not only be a slogan,but requires a united,holistic action and a paradigm shift from crisis response to an ambitious and integrated approach immediately.Recognizing the urgent needs to tackle the risk connection between climate change and One Health,the four key messages and recommendations that with the intent to guide further research and to promote international cooperation to achieve a more climate-resilient world are provided.
基金the China Medical Board(Grant No.20-365)the Intradisciplinary Platform Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong Univer‑sity(Grant No.20200927)the Young Faculty Start-up Project Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Grant No.21X010501074).
文摘Background:Zoonoses are public health threats that cause severe damage worldwide.Zoonoses constitute a key indicator of One Health(OH)and the OH approach is being applied for zoonosis control programmes of zoonotic diseases.In a very recent study,we developed an evaluation system for OH performance through the global OH index(GOHI).This study applied the GOHI to evaluate OH performance for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods:The framework for the OH index on zoonoses(OHIZ)was constructed including five indicators,15 subindicators and 28 datasets.Publicly available data were referenced to generate the OHIZ database which included both qualitative and quantitative indicators for all sub-Sahara African countries(n=48).The GOHI algorithm was used to estimate scores for OHIZ.Indicator weights were calculated by adopting the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.Results:Overall,five indicators associated with weights were generated as follows:source of infection(23.70%),route of transmission(25.31%),targeted population(19.09%),capacity building(16.77%),and outcomes/case studies(15.13%).Following the indicators,a total of 37 sub-Sahara African countries aligned with OHIZ validation,while 11 territories were excluded for unfit or missing data.The OHIZ average score of sub-Saharan Africa was estimated at 53.67/100.The highest score was 71.99 from South Africa,while the lowest score was 40.51 from Benin.It is also worth mentioning that Sub-Sahara African countries had high performance in many subindicators associated with zoonoses,e.g.,surveillance and response,vector and reservoir interventions,and natural protected areas,which suggests that this region had a certain capacity in control and prevention or responses to zoonotic events.Conclusions:This study reveals that it is possible to perform OH evaluation for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa by OHIZ.Findings from this study provide preliminary research information in advancing knowledge of the evidenced risks to strengthen strategies for effective control of zoonoses and to support the prevention of zoonotic events.
文摘CORONAVIRUSES Coronaviruses（CoVs）are a large group of viruses found in many species of animals around the world,particularly bats and wild birds.CoVs result in various clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic respiratory,hepatic,
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32170141)China Medical Board(No.20-365)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Integrated Innovation Fund(no.2020-01)。
文摘Background:Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)is one of the greatest threats to animal and public health.Here,we conducted a dynamic surveillance of Escherichia coli on Chongming Island in Shanghai during 2009-2021 to identify the characteristics and trends of Chongming’s AMR pandemic.Methods:Rectal(cloaca)swabs from four poultry and nine swine farms(Chongming Island,2009-2021)were collected for E.coli strains acquisition.The micro-broth dilution method was used to test antimicrobial susceptibility of E.coli isolates against 10 antimicrobial classes including 15 antimicrobials.Utilizing generalized linear mixed models(GLMMs)and co-occurrence analyses,we further explored the multiple-drug-resistance(MDR)combinations and dynamic patterns of E.coli over 10 years in two food animals.Results:Total of 863 MDR isolates were found among 945 collected E.coli isolates,337 from poultry and 608 from swine.Both isolates exhibited high resistant rates(>70%)to tetracyclines,phenicols,sulfonamides,penicillins,and aminoglycosides(only in swine).The resistant rates of swine isolates to penicillins,aminoglycosides,tetracyclines,phenicols,and polymyxins were significantly higher than those of poultry isolates,whereas resistance to fluoroquinolones was reversed.Resistance to polymyxins decreased similarly in swine(42.4%in 2009 to 0.0%in 2021)and poultry isolates(from 16.5%to 0.0%).However,resistance to other seven antimicrobial classes(excluding carbapenems and penicillins)declined dramatically in swine isolates,particularly fluoroquinolones(from 80.5%to 14.4%),and tendencies of resistance to the seven classes showed markedly divergent patterns in poultry isolates.Using Poisson GLMMs,the AMR carriage since 2016 was significantly lower than that of 2009(odds ratio<1),indicating a decline in the risk of MDR emergence.Furthermore,despite the highly diverse MDR profiles,co-occurrence analysis identified two prominent MDR clusters of penicillins-phenicols-fluoroquinolones in poultry and aminoglycosides-tetracyclines-sulfonamides-phenicols in swine.Conclusions:Our study uncovered vastly distinct AMR patterns and dynamic tendencies of poultry and swine E.coli isolates from Chongming.Meanwhile,Chongming’s AMR status has ameliorated,as indicated by the decline in antimicrobials prevalence(particularly in swine),lower likelihood of MDR emergence and low carbapenem-,cephalosporin-,and polymyxin resistance.Importantly,this surveillance results are the vital basis for future policy development in Chongming and Shanghai.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2300800,2021YFC2300804)the International Joint Laboratory on Tropical Diseases Control in Greater Mekong Subregion(No.21410750200)The International Development Research Centre(IDRC),Canada(No.108100-001)
文摘Background Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis,caused by the liver flukes Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini respectively,represent significant neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)in Asia.The co-existence of these pathogens in overlapping regions complicates effective disease control strategies.This study aimed to clarify the distribution and interaction of these diseases within Southeast Asia.Methods We systematically collated occurrence records of human clonorchiasis(n=1809)and opisthorchiasis(n=731)across the Southeast Asia countries.Utilizing species distribution models incorporating environmental and climatic data,coupled machine learning algorithms with boosted regression trees,we predicted and distinguished endemic areas for each fluke species.Machine learning techniques,including geospatial analysis,were employed to delineate the boundaries between these flukes.Results Our analysis revealed that the endemic range of C.sinensis and O.viverrini in Southeast Asia primarily spans across part of China,Vietnam,Thailand,Laos,and Cambodia.During the period from 2000 to 2018,we identified C.sinensis infections in 84 distinct locations,predominantly in southern China(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region)and northern Vietnam.In a stark contrast,O.viverrini was more widely distributed,with infections documented in 721 locations across Thailand,Laos,Cambodia,and Vietnam.Critical environmental determinants were quantitatively analyzed,revealing annual mean temperatures ranging between 14 and 20°C in clonorchiasis-endemic areas and 24-30°C in opisthorchiasis regions(P<0.05).The machine learning model effectively mapped a distinct demarcation zone,demonstrating a clear separation between the endemic areas of these two liver flukes with AUC from 0.9 to1.The study in Vietnam delineates the coexistence and geographical boundaries of C.sinensis and O.viverrini,revealing distinct endemic zones and a transitional area where both liver fluke species overlap.Conclusions Our findings highlight the critical role of specific climatic and environmental factors in influencing the geographical distribution of C.sinensis and O.viverrini.This spatial delineation offers valuable insights for integrated surveillance and control strategies,particularly in regions with sympatric transmission.The results underscore the need for tailored interventions,considering regional epidemiological variations.Future collaborations integrating eco-epidemiology,molecular epidemiology,and parasitology are essential to further elucidate the complex interplay of liver fluke distributions in Asia.
基金funded by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033(PID2020-117686RB-C32,CNS2024-154426 and TED2021-129200B-C41(co)funded by the EU through NextGeneration EU/PRTR funds)Conselleria de Cultura de Galicia,Educacion e Universidades(ED481A-2020/258,ED431C-2025/21and ED481B-2025/042).
文摘The discovery of the hazardous effects associated with the polymer additives 1,3-diphenyl guanidine(DPG)and 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine(DTG)has prompted the need for biomonitoring studies to detect human exposure.However,limited information is available about their metabolism.To address this gap,this study investigates the Phase I and II in-vitro biotransformation of both chemicals using human liver microsomes and cytosol.The samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution-(tandem)mass spectrometry through suspect(of in-silico predicted metabolites)and nontarget screening.The analysis revealed four Phase I and two Phase II metabolic products for both DPG and DTG.Hydroxylation of the benzene ring led to the tentative identification of mono-and dihydroxylated metabolites.Subsequent Phase I deamination followed by oxidation resulted in the formation of hydroxy-phenylurea and an intramolecular cyclization resulted in the formation of hydroxycyclic products.Furthermore,N-glucuronidation and O-glucuronidation products were identified for the first time.After performing urinalysis,DPG and DTG could be quantified in the 0.020.23μg L^(−1) range,and DPG-227(mono-hydroxylated DPG)was estimated to be present at ca.0.010.10μg L^(−1) range,using DPG response as quantification surrogate.Finally,toxicity assessment using an in-silico tool indicated the need to consider these human metabolites in(eco)toxicological assessments,as they may have the same or even greater effects on humans and the environment.
