目的:构建目的基因plnEF原核表达系统,诱导工程菌BL21-p ET28a-PL-plnEF表达目的融合蛋白并纯化,以期获得大量纯度较高的植物乳杆菌PlnEF细菌素,开发新的食品防腐剂。方法:构建含plnEF基因的重组质粒,将其转入大肠杆菌BL21中,经过IPTG...目的:构建目的基因plnEF原核表达系统,诱导工程菌BL21-p ET28a-PL-plnEF表达目的融合蛋白并纯化,以期获得大量纯度较高的植物乳杆菌PlnEF细菌素,开发新的食品防腐剂。方法:构建含plnEF基因的重组质粒,将其转入大肠杆菌BL21中,经过IPTG诱导大量表达目标蛋白,融合蛋白PlnEF经纯化后进行分子量大小、抑菌活性等的检测。结果:重组质粒pET28a-PL-plnEF在大肠杆菌BL21中成功表达,合成PlnEF蛋白,其分子量为15.6 k Da,且该融合蛋白对大肠杆菌JM109具有良好的抑菌活性。结论:plnEF基因片段能够在原核细胞中正确表达且具有活性,本文为进一步研究开发该细菌素作为生物防腐剂奠定了基础。展开更多
Aim： To study the effect of yohimbine in the treatment of men with orgasmic dysfunction. Methods： A 20-mg dose of yohimbine was first given to 29 men with orgasmic dysfunction of different aetiology in the clinic. P...Aim： To study the effect of yohimbine in the treatment of men with orgasmic dysfunction. Methods： A 20-mg dose of yohimbine was first given to 29 men with orgasmic dysfunction of different aetiology in the clinic. Patients were then allowed to increase the dose at home （titration） under more favourable circumstances. The outcome and side effects were subsequently assessed. Results： The patients were classified into three groups of orgasmic dysfunction： primary complete （13）, primary incomplete （8） and secondary （8）. Nocturnal emissions were present in 75%, 40% and 50% of patients in the above groups, respectively （overall average 62%）. The men presented because of fertility problems （52%） or because they wanted to experience the pleasure of orgasm （48%）. Of the 29 patients who completed the treatment, 16 managed to reach orgasm and were able to ejaculate either during masturbation or sexual intercourse. A further three achieved orgasm, but only with the additional stimulation of a vibrator. A history of preceding nocturnal emissions was present in 69% of the men in whom orgasm was induced but only 50% who failed treatment. Of the patients, two have subsequently fathered children （one set of twins） and another 3 men were also cured. Side effects were not sufficient to cause the men to cease treatment. Conclusion： Yohimbine is a useful treatment option in orgasmic dysfunction.展开更多
Objective To summarize and identify the available instruments/methods assessing the adequacy of acupuncture in randomized controlled trials(RCTs)for proposing a new improved instrument.Methods A systematic literature ...Objective To summarize and identify the available instruments/methods assessing the adequacy of acupuncture in randomized controlled trials(RCTs)for proposing a new improved instrument.Methods A systematic literature search was carried out in 7 electronic databases from inception until 21st November 2022.Any study evaluating the adequacy or quality of acupuncture,specifying specific acupuncture treatment-related factors as criteria of subgroup analysis,or developing an instrument/tool to assess the adequacy or quality of acupuncture in an RCT was included.Basic information,characteristics and contents of acupuncture adequacy assessment were presented as frequencies and percentages.Results Forty studies were included in this systematic review.Thirty-five studies(87.50%)were systematic reviews,none of which used formal methods to develop the assessment instruments/methods of acupuncture adequacy;of 5 methodological studies,only 1 study used a relatively formal method.Thirty-two studies(82.05%)assessed the components of acupuncture,while 7(17.95%)assessed the overall quality of acupuncture.An independent assessment instrument/method was used to assess acupuncture adequacy in 29 studies(74.35%),whereas as one part of a methodological quality assessment scale in 10(25.65%).Only 9(23.00%)studies used the assessment results for subgroup analysis,sensitivity analysis or the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis.Conclusion Assessment contents for adequacy or quality of acupuncture in RCTs hadn’t still reached consensus and no widely used assessment tools appeared.The methodology of available assessment instruments/scales is far from formal and rigorous.A new instrument/tool assessing adequacy of acupuncture should be developed using a formal method.展开更多
Significant advances in battery technology are creating a viable marketspace for battery powered passenger vehicles.Climate change and concerns over reliable supplies of hydrocarbons are aiding in the focus on electri...Significant advances in battery technology are creating a viable marketspace for battery powered passenger vehicles.Climate change and concerns over reliable supplies of hydrocarbons are aiding in the focus on electric vehicles.Consumers can be influenced by marketing and emotion resulting in behaviors that may not be in line with their stated objectives.Although sales of electric vehicles are accelerating,it may not be clear that purchasing an electric vehicle is advantageous from an economic or environmental perspective.A technoeconomic analysis of electric vehicles comparing them against hybrids,gasoline and diesel vehicles is presented.The results show that the complexity of electrical power supply,infrastructure requirements and full life cycle concerns show that electric vehicles have a place in the future but that ongoing improvements will be required for them to be clearly the best choice for a given situation.展开更多
Cities are incorporating smart and green infrastructure components in their urban design policies,adapting existing and new infrastructure systems to integrate technological advances to mitigate extreme weather due to...Cities are incorporating smart and green infrastructure components in their urban design policies,adapting existing and new infrastructure systems to integrate technological advances to mitigate extreme weather due to climate change.Research has illustrated that smart green infrastructure(SGI)provides not only climate change resilience but also many health and wellbeing benefits that improve the quality of life of citizens.With the growing demand for smart technology,a series of problems and challenges,including governance,privacy,and security,must be addressed.This paper explores the potential to transition from grey,green,or smart silos to work with nature-based solutions and smart technology to help change cities to achieve considerable environmental and socio-economic benefits.The concepts of grey,green,and smart infrastructure are presented,and the needs,benefits,and applications are investigated.Moreover,the advantages of using integrated smart,green nature-based solutions are discussed.A comprehensive literature review is undertaken with keyword searches,including journal papers,stakeholder and case study reports,and local authority action plans.The methodology adopts multimethod qualitative information review,including literature,case studies,expert interviews,and documentary analysis.Published data and information are analysed to capture the key concepts in implementing SGI systems,such as storm-water control,flood and coastal defense,urban waste management,transportation,recreation,and asset management.The paper investigates the elimination of silo approaches and the alleviation of the destructions caused by extreme weather events using these interdependent SGI systems supported by novel datadriven platforms to provide nature-based solutions to boost the health and wellbeing of the residents.展开更多
A key tenet of sustainable urban development is adaptive reuse, which is the practice of reusing existing infrastructure for a purpose other than for what it was built. Communities have much to gain from the adaptive ...A key tenet of sustainable urban development is adaptive reuse, which is the practice of reusing existing infrastructure for a purpose other than for what it was built. Communities have much to gain from the adaptive reuse and transformative renewal of the older built fabric of the city. Retaining older buildings has environmental benefits as it bypasses complete demolition and reconstruction, and conserves the considerable embodied energy stored within the structure. Adaptive reuse is a key environmental factor in land conservation and the reduction of urban sprawl, as it promotes the reuse and revitalization of downtown and inner city sites. Existing buildings highlight the social character and identity of a community through the retention of the irreplaceable historic fabric. Existing buildings promote a strong and vibrant sense of place, leading to increased citizen engagement. Economic benefits can follow as the adaptive reuse and revitalization creates renewal, new uses, and captures the value of the existing building stock, creating a spur to the local economy. For these reasons, the adaptive reuse of existing and historic buildings is an essential component of sustainable urban development. This article will review a case study of the new downtown campus for the University of Windsor and the use of three existing historic buildings as a relevant adaptive reuse strategy toward inner city regeneration and revitalization. The overall strategy for urban sustainability will be reviewed, as well as specific issues and opportunities for each of the three projects.展开更多
This report synthesizes global tropical cyclone(TC)tornado research and operational practices to date.Tornadoes are one of the secondary(and lesser researched)hazards contributing to the devastation TCs leave in their...This report synthesizes global tropical cyclone(TC)tornado research and operational practices to date.Tornadoes are one of the secondary(and lesser researched)hazards contributing to the devastation TCs leave in their wake.While gale-force winds and storm surge produce the majority of damage and fatalities globally,TC tornadoes also pose a fatal threat,complicating evacuation plans and protective actions as the storm moves inland.Climatological studies characterize TC-spawned tornadoes as usually weak and short-lived,primarily originating from miniature supercells in the outer rainbands.These tornadic features pose challenges to forecasting and radar detection.Additionally,TC tornadoes can pose a threat to communities 12 h prior to and beyond 48 h after a TC makes landfall.Research,both basic and operational,has increased globally over the last few years in efforts to move from a climatological to ingredientsbased approach to detect and forecast TC tornadoes.While the United States has led the charge,given the increased exposure to tornadoes year round,other nations such as China,Japan,and Australia have increased their efforts to record and detect TC tornadoes.Despite these advancements,more work needs to be done globally to understand the TC environment conducive for tornadic activity.Recommendations for future forecasting and research for TC tornadoes include i)develop a comprehensive global tornado database to improve research and forecasting efforts;ii)apply innovative technology to detect tornadoes;and iii)conduct field campaigns to thoroughly sample TC tornado environments,particularly along coastlines.展开更多
文摘目的:构建目的基因plnEF原核表达系统,诱导工程菌BL21-p ET28a-PL-plnEF表达目的融合蛋白并纯化,以期获得大量纯度较高的植物乳杆菌PlnEF细菌素,开发新的食品防腐剂。方法:构建含plnEF基因的重组质粒,将其转入大肠杆菌BL21中,经过IPTG诱导大量表达目标蛋白,融合蛋白PlnEF经纯化后进行分子量大小、抑菌活性等的检测。结果:重组质粒pET28a-PL-plnEF在大肠杆菌BL21中成功表达,合成PlnEF蛋白,其分子量为15.6 k Da,且该融合蛋白对大肠杆菌JM109具有良好的抑菌活性。结论:plnEF基因片段能够在原核细胞中正确表达且具有活性,本文为进一步研究开发该细菌素作为生物防腐剂奠定了基础。
文摘Aim： To study the effect of yohimbine in the treatment of men with orgasmic dysfunction. Methods： A 20-mg dose of yohimbine was first given to 29 men with orgasmic dysfunction of different aetiology in the clinic. Patients were then allowed to increase the dose at home （titration） under more favourable circumstances. The outcome and side effects were subsequently assessed. Results： The patients were classified into three groups of orgasmic dysfunction： primary complete （13）, primary incomplete （8） and secondary （8）. Nocturnal emissions were present in 75%, 40% and 50% of patients in the above groups, respectively （overall average 62%）. The men presented because of fertility problems （52%） or because they wanted to experience the pleasure of orgasm （48%）. Of the 29 patients who completed the treatment, 16 managed to reach orgasm and were able to ejaculate either during masturbation or sexual intercourse. A further three achieved orgasm, but only with the additional stimulation of a vibrator. A history of preceding nocturnal emissions was present in 69% of the men in whom orgasm was induced but only 50% who failed treatment. Of the patients, two have subsequently fathered children （one set of twins） and another 3 men were also cured. Side effects were not sufficient to cause the men to cease treatment. Conclusion： Yohimbine is a useful treatment option in orgasmic dysfunction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81973968)the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(Nos.GH201901 and 2020YJSZX-1)。
文摘Objective To summarize and identify the available instruments/methods assessing the adequacy of acupuncture in randomized controlled trials(RCTs)for proposing a new improved instrument.Methods A systematic literature search was carried out in 7 electronic databases from inception until 21st November 2022.Any study evaluating the adequacy or quality of acupuncture,specifying specific acupuncture treatment-related factors as criteria of subgroup analysis,or developing an instrument/tool to assess the adequacy or quality of acupuncture in an RCT was included.Basic information,characteristics and contents of acupuncture adequacy assessment were presented as frequencies and percentages.Results Forty studies were included in this systematic review.Thirty-five studies(87.50%)were systematic reviews,none of which used formal methods to develop the assessment instruments/methods of acupuncture adequacy;of 5 methodological studies,only 1 study used a relatively formal method.Thirty-two studies(82.05%)assessed the components of acupuncture,while 7(17.95%)assessed the overall quality of acupuncture.An independent assessment instrument/method was used to assess acupuncture adequacy in 29 studies(74.35%),whereas as one part of a methodological quality assessment scale in 10(25.65%).Only 9(23.00%)studies used the assessment results for subgroup analysis,sensitivity analysis or the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis.Conclusion Assessment contents for adequacy or quality of acupuncture in RCTs hadn’t still reached consensus and no widely used assessment tools appeared.The methodology of available assessment instruments/scales is far from formal and rigorous.A new instrument/tool assessing adequacy of acupuncture should be developed using a formal method.
文摘Significant advances in battery technology are creating a viable marketspace for battery powered passenger vehicles.Climate change and concerns over reliable supplies of hydrocarbons are aiding in the focus on electric vehicles.Consumers can be influenced by marketing and emotion resulting in behaviors that may not be in line with their stated objectives.Although sales of electric vehicles are accelerating,it may not be clear that purchasing an electric vehicle is advantageous from an economic or environmental perspective.A technoeconomic analysis of electric vehicles comparing them against hybrids,gasoline and diesel vehicles is presented.The results show that the complexity of electrical power supply,infrastructure requirements and full life cycle concerns show that electric vehicles have a place in the future but that ongoing improvements will be required for them to be clearly the best choice for a given situation.
文摘Cities are incorporating smart and green infrastructure components in their urban design policies,adapting existing and new infrastructure systems to integrate technological advances to mitigate extreme weather due to climate change.Research has illustrated that smart green infrastructure(SGI)provides not only climate change resilience but also many health and wellbeing benefits that improve the quality of life of citizens.With the growing demand for smart technology,a series of problems and challenges,including governance,privacy,and security,must be addressed.This paper explores the potential to transition from grey,green,or smart silos to work with nature-based solutions and smart technology to help change cities to achieve considerable environmental and socio-economic benefits.The concepts of grey,green,and smart infrastructure are presented,and the needs,benefits,and applications are investigated.Moreover,the advantages of using integrated smart,green nature-based solutions are discussed.A comprehensive literature review is undertaken with keyword searches,including journal papers,stakeholder and case study reports,and local authority action plans.The methodology adopts multimethod qualitative information review,including literature,case studies,expert interviews,and documentary analysis.Published data and information are analysed to capture the key concepts in implementing SGI systems,such as storm-water control,flood and coastal defense,urban waste management,transportation,recreation,and asset management.The paper investigates the elimination of silo approaches and the alleviation of the destructions caused by extreme weather events using these interdependent SGI systems supported by novel datadriven platforms to provide nature-based solutions to boost the health and wellbeing of the residents.
文摘A key tenet of sustainable urban development is adaptive reuse, which is the practice of reusing existing infrastructure for a purpose other than for what it was built. Communities have much to gain from the adaptive reuse and transformative renewal of the older built fabric of the city. Retaining older buildings has environmental benefits as it bypasses complete demolition and reconstruction, and conserves the considerable embodied energy stored within the structure. Adaptive reuse is a key environmental factor in land conservation and the reduction of urban sprawl, as it promotes the reuse and revitalization of downtown and inner city sites. Existing buildings highlight the social character and identity of a community through the retention of the irreplaceable historic fabric. Existing buildings promote a strong and vibrant sense of place, leading to increased citizen engagement. Economic benefits can follow as the adaptive reuse and revitalization creates renewal, new uses, and captures the value of the existing building stock, creating a spur to the local economy. For these reasons, the adaptive reuse of existing and historic buildings is an essential component of sustainable urban development. This article will review a case study of the new downtown campus for the University of Windsor and the use of three existing historic buildings as a relevant adaptive reuse strategy toward inner city regeneration and revitalization. The overall strategy for urban sustainability will be reviewed, as well as specific issues and opportunities for each of the three projects.
文摘This report synthesizes global tropical cyclone(TC)tornado research and operational practices to date.Tornadoes are one of the secondary(and lesser researched)hazards contributing to the devastation TCs leave in their wake.While gale-force winds and storm surge produce the majority of damage and fatalities globally,TC tornadoes also pose a fatal threat,complicating evacuation plans and protective actions as the storm moves inland.Climatological studies characterize TC-spawned tornadoes as usually weak and short-lived,primarily originating from miniature supercells in the outer rainbands.These tornadic features pose challenges to forecasting and radar detection.Additionally,TC tornadoes can pose a threat to communities 12 h prior to and beyond 48 h after a TC makes landfall.Research,both basic and operational,has increased globally over the last few years in efforts to move from a climatological to ingredientsbased approach to detect and forecast TC tornadoes.While the United States has led the charge,given the increased exposure to tornadoes year round,other nations such as China,Japan,and Australia have increased their efforts to record and detect TC tornadoes.Despite these advancements,more work needs to be done globally to understand the TC environment conducive for tornadic activity.Recommendations for future forecasting and research for TC tornadoes include i)develop a comprehensive global tornado database to improve research and forecasting efforts;ii)apply innovative technology to detect tornadoes;and iii)conduct field campaigns to thoroughly sample TC tornado environments,particularly along coastlines.
