Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in diverse cellular events, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. TNF is also involved in many types of disea...Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in diverse cellular events, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. TNF is also involved in many types of diseases. In recent years, the molecular mechanisms of TNF functions have been intensively investigated. Studies from many laboratories have demonstrated that the TNF-mediated diverse biological responses are achieved through activating multiple signal- ing pathways. Especially the activation of transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 plays a critical role in mediating these cellular responses. Several proteins, including FADD, the death domain kinase RIP and the TNF receptor associated factor TRAF2 have been identified as the key effectors of TNF signaling. Recently, we found that the effector mol- ecules of TNF signaling, such as RIP and TRAF2, are also involved in other cellular responses. These finding suggests that RIP and TRAF2 serve a broader role than as just an effector of TNF signaling.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of a Chinese herb medicine Astragali radix (AR) on growth of different cancer cell lines.METHODS: To observe the in vitro effects of AR on tumor cell proliferation by trypan b...AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of a Chinese herb medicine Astragali radix (AR) on growth of different cancer cell lines.METHODS: To observe the in vitro effects of AR on tumor cell proliferation by trypan blue exclusion, MTS method and tritium thymidine incorporation assay. Apoptosis was detected by DNA ladder method.RESULTS: The inhibition rates of AR on the cell respiration of AGS, KATOⅢ, HT29, MDA231, MEL7 and MEL14 were 68.25％, 62.36％, 22.8％, 27.69％, 2.85％ and 5.14％respectively at the concentration of 100 ug/ml; it inhibited AGS DNA synthesis by 87.33％ at the concentration of 50ug/ml. The inhibitory effect on AGS was time-and dosedependent. AR did not induce apoptosis in AGS cells.CONCLUSION: AR specifically inhibits gastric cancer cells growth in vitro and the mechanism is mainly cytostatic but not cytotoxic or inducing apoptosis.展开更多
Objective: The aim in this study was to identify the allelicfrequencies of the chemokine (SDF1-3'A) and chemokinereceptor (CCR5△32, CCR5m303 and CCR2-64I) genesresistant to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progress...Objective: The aim in this study was to identify the allelicfrequencies of the chemokine (SDF1-3'A) and chemokinereceptor (CCR5△32, CCR5m303 and CCR2-64I) genesresistant to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progression inindigenous Chinese populations. Methods: By using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, thegenomic DNA samples were purified from whole peripheralblood of healthy individuals (n=2067) from Han, Uygur,Mongolian and Tibetan ethnic groups, as well as Han patientsincluding HIV-1 carriers (n=330), patients with other sexuallytransmitted diseases (STDs, n=259) and intravenous drugusers (IVDUs, n=125). The allelic polymorphisms wereidentified by means of PCR or PCR-RFLP analyses. Thesequences of randomly selected amplified PCR products werefurther confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. Results: The mutant frequencies were identified to be0%～3.48% for CCR5△32, 0% for CCR5m303,19.15%～28.79% for CCR2-64 and 19.10%～28.73% for SDF1-3'A alleles, respectively, in Chinese healthy individuals fromfour ethnic groups. Our findings indicated the allelicfrequencies vary among the different ethnic groups.Furthermore, the HIV-1 carriers, STD cases and IVDUs (all ofHan ethnicity) were found to have the allelic frequencies of0%～0.19% (CCR5△32), 0% (CCR5m303), 19.31%～20.45%(CCR2-64) and 25.61%～26.83% (SDF1-3'A) with minorvariations in their frequencies between the patients andhealthy Han groups. There was no CCR5-m303 mutationfound in any subject in this study. Conclusion: The examined subjects of four Chinese ethnicorigins showed lower frequencies of CCR5△32 andCCR5m303 alleles, but higher frequencies of mutant CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles compared to those identified innorthern-European and American Caucasians. Thesignificance of the different frequencies and polymorphisms ofthe above alleles in Chinese populations needs to be furtherexamined in HIV-1/AIDS diseases.展开更多
Adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) into the autologous patient with melanoma resulted in the objective regression of tumor, suggesting that these TILs recognize tumor rejection antigens on the ...Adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) into the autologous patient with melanoma resulted in the objective regression of tumor, suggesting that these TILs recognize tumor rejection antigens on the tumor cells.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between BMI, WHR and biliary tract cancers (CBT).METHODS A population-based case-control study was conducted in urban Shanghai from June 1, 1997 to May 31,2001 involving inter...OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between BMI, WHR and biliary tract cancers (CBT).METHODS A population-based case-control study was conducted in urban Shanghai from June 1, 1997 to May 31,2001 involving interviews with 627 new cases of biliary tract cancers aged 35 to 74 years and 959 frequency-matched population controls by gender and age in five-year groups. All subjects were interviewed in person by trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire. An unconditional logistic regression was performed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS Obesity was associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer across adulthood at ages 20-29 and 30-39 in females. Compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of WHR, ORs for the highest quartile and P for trend for cancers of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct both reached significant levels among males and females.CONCLUSION Our observations in urban Shanghai suggested that obesity in early adult life may contribute to the risk of gallbladder cancer, and increased WHR may substantially elevated risk of cancers of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct.展开更多
Aim To study anti -apoptosis effect of taurine on cerebral ischemia in rat. Methods 1. in vivo: taurine (250mg/Kg.d) was administrated by i. p. for one week in treated group. A nylon suture was inserted into fight int...Aim To study anti -apoptosis effect of taurine on cerebral ischemia in rat. Methods 1. in vivo: taurine (250mg/Kg.d) was administrated by i. p. for one week in treated group. A nylon suture was inserted into fight internal carotid artery to occlude the beginning of middle cerebral artery (MCAO). After 3 hours'permanent occlusion, neurology deficit展开更多
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide.Although tumorectomy, radiotherapy,chemotherapy and hormone replacement therapy have been used for the treatment of breast cancer,there is n...Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide.Although tumorectomy, radiotherapy,chemotherapy and hormone replacement therapy have been used for the treatment of breast cancer,there is no effective therapy for patients with invasive and metastatic breast cancer.Immunotherapy may be proved effective in treating patients with advanced breast cancer.Breast cancer immunotherapy includes antibody based immunotherapy,cancer vaccine immunotherapy,adoptive T cell transfer immunotherapy and T cell receptor gene transfer immunotherapy.Antibody based immunotherapy such as the monoclonal antibody against HER-2/neu (trastuzumab) is successfully used in the treatment of breast cancer patients with over-expressed HER-2/neu,however,HER-2/neu is over-expressed only in 25-30% of breast cancer patients.Cancer vaccine immunotherapy is a promising method to treat cancer patients.Cancer vaccines can be used to induce specific anti-tumor immunity in breast cancer patients,but cannot induce objective tumor regression.Adoptive T cell transfer immunotherapy is an effective method in the treatment of melanoma patients.Recent advances in anti-tumor T cell generation ex vivo and limited clinical trial data have made the feasibility of adoptive T cell transfer immunotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer patients.T cell receptor gene transfer can redirect the specificity of T cells.Chimeric receptor,scFv(anti-HER-2/neu)/zeta receptor,was successfully used to redirect cytotoxic T lymphocyte hybridoma cells to obtain anti-HER-2/neu positive tumor cells,suggesting the feasibility of treatment of breast cancer patients with T cell receptor gene transfer immunotherapy.Clinical trials will approve that immunotherapy is an effective method to cure breast cancer disease in the near future.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(4):247-255.展开更多
Retina is a multilayer and highly specialized tissue important in converting light into neural signals. In humans, the critical period for the formation of complex multiplayer structure takes place during embryogenesi...Retina is a multilayer and highly specialized tissue important in converting light into neural signals. In humans, the critical period for the formation of complex multiplayer structure takes place during embryogenesis be- tween 12 and 28 weeks. The morphologic changes during retinal development in humans have been studied but little is known about the molecular events essential for the formation of the retina. To gain further insights into this process, cDNA microarrays containing 16361 human gene probes were used to measure the gene expression levels in retinas. Of the 16361 genes, 68.7%, 71.4% and 69.7% showed positive hybridiza- tion with cDNAs made from 12—16 week fetal, 22—26 week fetal and adult retinas. A total of 814 genes showed a mini- mum of 3-fold changes between the lowest and highest ex- pression levels among three time points and among them, 106 genes had expression levels with the hybridization intensity above 100 at one or more time points. The clustering analysis suggested that the majority of differentially expressed genes were down-regulated during the retinal development. The differentially expressed genes were further classified accord- ing to functions of known genes, and were ranked in de- creasing order according to frequency: development, differ- entiation, signal transduction, protein synthesis and transla- tion, metabolism, DNA binding and transcription, DNA syn- thesis-repair-recombination, immuno-response, ion channel- transport, cell receptor, cytoskeleton, cell cycle, pro-oncogene, stress and apoptosis related genes. Among these 106 differen- tially expressed genes, 60 are already present in NEI retina cDNA or EST Databank but the remaining 46 genes are ab- sent and thus identified as “function unknown”. To validate gene expression data from the microarray, real-time RT-PCR was performed for 46 “function unknown” genes and 6 known retina specific expression genes, and β-actin was used as internal control. Twenty-seven of these genes showed very similar expression profiles between the microarray and real-time RT-PCR data. In situ hybridization revealed both expression level and cellular distribution of NNAT in retina. Finally, the chromosomal locations of 106 differentially ex- pressed genes were also searched and one of these genes is associated with autosomal dominant cone or cone-rod dys- trophy. The data from present study provide insights into understanding genetic programs during human retinal de- velopment and help identify additional retinal disease genes.展开更多
文摘Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in diverse cellular events, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. TNF is also involved in many types of diseases. In recent years, the molecular mechanisms of TNF functions have been intensively investigated. Studies from many laboratories have demonstrated that the TNF-mediated diverse biological responses are achieved through activating multiple signal- ing pathways. Especially the activation of transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 plays a critical role in mediating these cellular responses. Several proteins, including FADD, the death domain kinase RIP and the TNF receptor associated factor TRAF2 have been identified as the key effectors of TNF signaling. Recently, we found that the effector mol- ecules of TNF signaling, such as RIP and TRAF2, are also involved in other cellular responses. These finding suggests that RIP and TRAF2 serve a broader role than as just an effector of TNF signaling.
文摘AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of a Chinese herb medicine Astragali radix (AR) on growth of different cancer cell lines.METHODS: To observe the in vitro effects of AR on tumor cell proliferation by trypan blue exclusion, MTS method and tritium thymidine incorporation assay. Apoptosis was detected by DNA ladder method.RESULTS: The inhibition rates of AR on the cell respiration of AGS, KATOⅢ, HT29, MDA231, MEL7 and MEL14 were 68.25％, 62.36％, 22.8％, 27.69％, 2.85％ and 5.14％respectively at the concentration of 100 ug/ml; it inhibited AGS DNA synthesis by 87.33％ at the concentration of 50ug/ml. The inhibitory effect on AGS was time-and dosedependent. AR did not induce apoptosis in AGS cells.CONCLUSION: AR specifically inhibits gastric cancer cells growth in vitro and the mechanism is mainly cytostatic but not cytotoxic or inducing apoptosis.
基金This project was supported by grant from National Natural Sciences Foundation of the PR China(39770683)
文摘Objective: The aim in this study was to identify the allelicfrequencies of the chemokine (SDF1-3'A) and chemokinereceptor (CCR5△32, CCR5m303 and CCR2-64I) genesresistant to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progression inindigenous Chinese populations. Methods: By using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, thegenomic DNA samples were purified from whole peripheralblood of healthy individuals (n=2067) from Han, Uygur,Mongolian and Tibetan ethnic groups, as well as Han patientsincluding HIV-1 carriers (n=330), patients with other sexuallytransmitted diseases (STDs, n=259) and intravenous drugusers (IVDUs, n=125). The allelic polymorphisms wereidentified by means of PCR or PCR-RFLP analyses. Thesequences of randomly selected amplified PCR products werefurther confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. Results: The mutant frequencies were identified to be0%～3.48% for CCR5△32, 0% for CCR5m303,19.15%～28.79% for CCR2-64 and 19.10%～28.73% for SDF1-3'A alleles, respectively, in Chinese healthy individuals fromfour ethnic groups. Our findings indicated the allelicfrequencies vary among the different ethnic groups.Furthermore, the HIV-1 carriers, STD cases and IVDUs (all ofHan ethnicity) were found to have the allelic frequencies of0%～0.19% (CCR5△32), 0% (CCR5m303), 19.31%～20.45%(CCR2-64) and 25.61%～26.83% (SDF1-3'A) with minorvariations in their frequencies between the patients andhealthy Han groups. There was no CCR5-m303 mutationfound in any subject in this study. Conclusion: The examined subjects of four Chinese ethnicorigins showed lower frequencies of CCR5△32 andCCR5m303 alleles, but higher frequencies of mutant CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles compared to those identified innorthern-European and American Caucasians. Thesignificance of the different frequencies and polymorphisms ofthe above alleles in Chinese populations needs to be furtherexamined in HIV-1/AIDS diseases.
文摘Adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) into the autologous patient with melanoma resulted in the objective regression of tumor, suggesting that these TILs recognize tumor rejection antigens on the tumor cells.
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between BMI, WHR and biliary tract cancers (CBT).METHODS A population-based case-control study was conducted in urban Shanghai from June 1, 1997 to May 31,2001 involving interviews with 627 new cases of biliary tract cancers aged 35 to 74 years and 959 frequency-matched population controls by gender and age in five-year groups. All subjects were interviewed in person by trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire. An unconditional logistic regression was performed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS Obesity was associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer across adulthood at ages 20-29 and 30-39 in females. Compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of WHR, ORs for the highest quartile and P for trend for cancers of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct both reached significant levels among males and females.CONCLUSION Our observations in urban Shanghai suggested that obesity in early adult life may contribute to the risk of gallbladder cancer, and increased WHR may substantially elevated risk of cancers of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct.
文摘Aim To study anti -apoptosis effect of taurine on cerebral ischemia in rat. Methods 1. in vivo: taurine (250mg/Kg.d) was administrated by i. p. for one week in treated group. A nylon suture was inserted into fight internal carotid artery to occlude the beginning of middle cerebral artery (MCAO). After 3 hours'permanent occlusion, neurology deficit
文摘Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide.Although tumorectomy, radiotherapy,chemotherapy and hormone replacement therapy have been used for the treatment of breast cancer,there is no effective therapy for patients with invasive and metastatic breast cancer.Immunotherapy may be proved effective in treating patients with advanced breast cancer.Breast cancer immunotherapy includes antibody based immunotherapy,cancer vaccine immunotherapy,adoptive T cell transfer immunotherapy and T cell receptor gene transfer immunotherapy.Antibody based immunotherapy such as the monoclonal antibody against HER-2/neu (trastuzumab) is successfully used in the treatment of breast cancer patients with over-expressed HER-2/neu,however,HER-2/neu is over-expressed only in 25-30% of breast cancer patients.Cancer vaccine immunotherapy is a promising method to treat cancer patients.Cancer vaccines can be used to induce specific anti-tumor immunity in breast cancer patients,but cannot induce objective tumor regression.Adoptive T cell transfer immunotherapy is an effective method in the treatment of melanoma patients.Recent advances in anti-tumor T cell generation ex vivo and limited clinical trial data have made the feasibility of adoptive T cell transfer immunotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer patients.T cell receptor gene transfer can redirect the specificity of T cells.Chimeric receptor,scFv(anti-HER-2/neu)/zeta receptor,was successfully used to redirect cytotoxic T lymphocyte hybridoma cells to obtain anti-HER-2/neu positive tumor cells,suggesting the feasibility of treatment of breast cancer patients with T cell receptor gene transfer immunotherapy.Clinical trials will approve that immunotherapy is an effective method to cure breast cancer disease in the near future.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(4):247-255.
文摘Retina is a multilayer and highly specialized tissue important in converting light into neural signals. In humans, the critical period for the formation of complex multiplayer structure takes place during embryogenesis be- tween 12 and 28 weeks. The morphologic changes during retinal development in humans have been studied but little is known about the molecular events essential for the formation of the retina. To gain further insights into this process, cDNA microarrays containing 16361 human gene probes were used to measure the gene expression levels in retinas. Of the 16361 genes, 68.7%, 71.4% and 69.7% showed positive hybridiza- tion with cDNAs made from 12—16 week fetal, 22—26 week fetal and adult retinas. A total of 814 genes showed a mini- mum of 3-fold changes between the lowest and highest ex- pression levels among three time points and among them, 106 genes had expression levels with the hybridization intensity above 100 at one or more time points. The clustering analysis suggested that the majority of differentially expressed genes were down-regulated during the retinal development. The differentially expressed genes were further classified accord- ing to functions of known genes, and were ranked in de- creasing order according to frequency: development, differ- entiation, signal transduction, protein synthesis and transla- tion, metabolism, DNA binding and transcription, DNA syn- thesis-repair-recombination, immuno-response, ion channel- transport, cell receptor, cytoskeleton, cell cycle, pro-oncogene, stress and apoptosis related genes. Among these 106 differen- tially expressed genes, 60 are already present in NEI retina cDNA or EST Databank but the remaining 46 genes are ab- sent and thus identified as “function unknown”. To validate gene expression data from the microarray, real-time RT-PCR was performed for 46 “function unknown” genes and 6 known retina specific expression genes, and β-actin was used as internal control. Twenty-seven of these genes showed very similar expression profiles between the microarray and real-time RT-PCR data. In situ hybridization revealed both expression level and cellular distribution of NNAT in retina. Finally, the chromosomal locations of 106 differentially ex- pressed genes were also searched and one of these genes is associated with autosomal dominant cone or cone-rod dys- trophy. The data from present study provide insights into understanding genetic programs during human retinal de- velopment and help identify additional retinal disease genes.
