Phosvitin(PV)was treated with high-temperature,mild pressure(HTMP),and enzyme combination,and then phosvitin phosphopeptides-calcium(PPP-Ca)complexes were prepared.The low-calcium specific pathogen free-Kunming(SPF-KM...Phosvitin(PV)was treated with high-temperature,mild pressure(HTMP),and enzyme combination,and then phosvitin phosphopeptides-calcium(PPP-Ca)complexes were prepared.The low-calcium specific pathogen free-Kunming(SPF-KM)mice were used to determine the effect of PPP-Ca complexes on intestinal calcium absorption and their utilization for bone formation.The serum calcium content was the highest with the HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatment(2.19 mmol/L),and it significantly down-regulated the abnormal elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP)caused by calcium deficiency.The low-calcium control group had the lowest calcium deposited to the femur(80.41 mg/g)and the lowest femur bone mineral density(BMD)(0.17 g/cm^(3)),while HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca significantly improved bone calcium content(94.33 mg/g)and BMD(0.29 g/cm^(3)).The micro-computed tomography(MCT)images showed that the femur with the normal control,PV-Ca,and HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatments had a more compact,complete,and thicker trabecular network than the low-calcium and CaCl_(2)treatments.These results indicated that the organic calcium(HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca)promoted calcium absorption and bone deposition,and the effect of HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca was better than the inorganic CaCl_(2).展开更多
Dihydromyricetin(DHM),as a bioactive flavanonol compound,is mainly found in“Tengcha”(Ampelopsis grossedentata)cultivated in south of China.This study aimed to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic ...Dihydromyricetin(DHM),as a bioactive flavanonol compound,is mainly found in“Tengcha”(Ampelopsis grossedentata)cultivated in south of China.This study aimed to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic activities of DHM using type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2D)rats,which was induced by feeding with high fat and fructose diet for 42 days and intraperitoneal administration of streptozocin.Forty-eight freshlyweaned rats were randomly assigned into the negative control(Blank),low dose(100 mg/kg),medium dose(200 mg/kg),high dose(400 mg/kg),and positive(40 mg/kg,met)groups.Fasting blood glucose and body weight were measured at weekly interval.Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on days 42.The results revealed that DHM possessed significant antihyperglycaemic and antihyperinsulinemic effects.Moreover,after the DHM treatment,p-Akt and p-AMPK expression was upregulated,and glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β)expression was downregulated,indicating that the potential anti-diabetic mechanism of DHM might be due to the regulation of the AMPK/Akt/GSK-3βsignaling pathway.展开更多
One unresolved challenge in the egg industry is how to efficiently and non-invasively detect unfertilized eggs prior to incubation.This detection ability would not only significantly improve hatching rates and reduce ...One unresolved challenge in the egg industry is how to efficiently and non-invasively detect unfertilized eggs prior to incubation.This detection ability would not only significantly improve hatching rates and reduce costs but also conserve incubator space and prevent poor-quality embryos from contributing to the spread of infections.This study demonstrates a procedure for distinguishing between fertilized and unfertilized eggs prior to incubation by studying the respiratory differences between fertilized and unfertilized eggs using the Non-invasive Micro-test Technique(NMT).A customized micro-testing examination platform,NMT Egg Testing System(NMT-ETS)was constructed for the real-time monitoring of the intensity and rate of oxygen exchange between the egg and its external environment.The results from this study revealed that at room temperature,there is a significant difference in gas exchange rates between fertilized and unfertilized eggs.The results indicate that the oxygen flux of fertilized eggs exceed 20 pmol/(cm^(2)·s),whereas unfertilized eggs show a much lower oxygen flux.Based on the results,the NMT method can be used to effectively distinguish between fertilized and unfertilized chicken eggs.展开更多
The gel springiness of preserved egg during pickling is an important indicator of the maturity and gel quality of preserved eggs(PEs),for which there are no validated rapid means of detection.This work,hyperspectral i...The gel springiness of preserved egg during pickling is an important indicator of the maturity and gel quality of preserved eggs(PEs),for which there are no validated rapid means of detection.This work,hyperspectral im-aging was used to non-destructively detect the gel springiness of preserved eggs(PEs)at different maturity levels during the curing period.Firstly,principal component analysis was used to explain the characteristics of the changes in gel springiness during the curing process of PEs of different maturity levels.Secondly,based on two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy(2DCOS),the 427-843 nm band range was explored as the optimal study region for gel springiness when gel springiness was used as a perturbation factor.In turn,spectral factors representative of the change in gel springiness are stripped in this band region.Comparing three different variable selection methods(SPA、CARS and UVE),it was found that the UVE-PLSR model had the highest detection accuracy:The predicted coefficient of determination R2p and the predicted standard deviation SEp of the predicted gel springiness are 0.846 and 1.526,with a residual prediction deviation RPD of 2.35.Finally,the above optimal prediction model is applied to the pixel spectrum to calculate the springiness value of each pixel point on the hyperspectral image and is supplemented by a pseudo-color technique to visualize the prediction of the spatial distribution of the gel springiness value.The results show that using hyperspectral imaging can detect the gel springiness value of the PE during the curing process,which will provide a theoretical basis for future determination of the ripeness of the PE as well as high-throughput online sorting.展开更多
The low-calcium-specific pathogen-free C57BL/6(SPF-C57BL/6)mice were used to explore the effectiveness of phosvitin phosphopeptides(PPPs)and eggshell membrane peptides(EMPs)in improving the intestinal calcium absorpti...The low-calcium-specific pathogen-free C57BL/6(SPF-C57BL/6)mice were used to explore the effectiveness of phosvitin phosphopeptides(PPPs)and eggshell membrane peptides(EMPs)in improving the intestinal calcium absorption and promoting bone deposition of eggshell calcium(ESCa).Intake of ESCa+PPPs+EMPs significantly down regulated the abnormal elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)induced by calcium deficiency.The CaCO3 group had lower calcium absorption rate(34.34%)and femur bone mineral density(BMD)(0.13 g/cm^(3)),while the ESCa+PPPs+EMPs treatment significantly improved calcium absorption rate(55.01%)and femur BMD(0.15 g/cm^(3)).The three-dimensional reconstruction images of mice femur showed that the ESCa+PPPs+EMPs group had a more complete,compact,and thicker trabecular structure than the low-calcium,CaCO3,and ESCa groups.These results indicated that the ESCa is a low-cost alternative calcium supplement to achieve adequate calcium intake,and the presence of polypeptides,such as PPPs and EMPs,is more beneficial to calcium absorption and deposition than the ESCa.展开更多
The quality of salted eggs differs in curing process.They need to be tested and graded before factory packaging.The dynamic images of salted eggs were acquired on conveyor.Firstly,preprocessing of color images must be...The quality of salted eggs differs in curing process.They need to be tested and graded before factory packaging.The dynamic images of salted eggs were acquired on conveyor.Firstly,preprocessing of color images must be done:the target area of the binary image was determined by mathematical morphology and removal of the object of a small area.According to the binary image is a convex or concave figure,the target region light leaked or not was determined.The effects of leaked region were eliminated by searching for mutation points,fitting salted egg boundary by the Least Square algorithm,labeling the binary image and extracting single target area.Then,six characteristic parameters were extracted in color space,and quality testing model was established by minimum error probability.The experimental results indicated that the detection accuracy reached above 93%and classification efficiency was 5400/h.It is proved the model is feasible for salted egg grading.展开更多
Phosvitin and its phosphopeptides contain a large amount of phosphorylated amino groups and exhibit a series of unique bioactivities including metal-binding,antioxidant,bacteriostatic and biomineralization activities ...Phosvitin and its phosphopeptides contain a large amount of phosphorylated amino groups and exhibit a series of unique bioactivities including metal-binding,antioxidant,bacteriostatic and biomineralization activities due to strong interactions between phosphate groups and metal ions.In this article,the structures and preparation of phosvitin phosphopeptides,the interactions of phosphopeptides with metal ions,and the biological activities associated with their metal-binding capacity,as well as future potential application prospects are discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072237)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2020CFB583)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662020SPPY006)。
文摘Phosvitin(PV)was treated with high-temperature,mild pressure(HTMP),and enzyme combination,and then phosvitin phosphopeptides-calcium(PPP-Ca)complexes were prepared.The low-calcium specific pathogen free-Kunming(SPF-KM)mice were used to determine the effect of PPP-Ca complexes on intestinal calcium absorption and their utilization for bone formation.The serum calcium content was the highest with the HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatment(2.19 mmol/L),and it significantly down-regulated the abnormal elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP)caused by calcium deficiency.The low-calcium control group had the lowest calcium deposited to the femur(80.41 mg/g)and the lowest femur bone mineral density(BMD)(0.17 g/cm^(3)),while HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca significantly improved bone calcium content(94.33 mg/g)and BMD(0.29 g/cm^(3)).The micro-computed tomography(MCT)images showed that the femur with the normal control,PV-Ca,and HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatments had a more compact,complete,and thicker trabecular network than the low-calcium and CaCl_(2)treatments.These results indicated that the organic calcium(HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca)promoted calcium absorption and bone deposition,and the effect of HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca was better than the inorganic CaCl_(2).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.31801459,31701520)Science and Technology General Projects of Fujian Province(2019J01393)Educational research project for young and middleaged teachers in Fujian Province(JT180116).
文摘Dihydromyricetin(DHM),as a bioactive flavanonol compound,is mainly found in“Tengcha”(Ampelopsis grossedentata)cultivated in south of China.This study aimed to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic activities of DHM using type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2D)rats,which was induced by feeding with high fat and fructose diet for 42 days and intraperitoneal administration of streptozocin.Forty-eight freshlyweaned rats were randomly assigned into the negative control(Blank),low dose(100 mg/kg),medium dose(200 mg/kg),high dose(400 mg/kg),and positive(40 mg/kg,met)groups.Fasting blood glucose and body weight were measured at weekly interval.Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on days 42.The results revealed that DHM possessed significant antihyperglycaemic and antihyperinsulinemic effects.Moreover,after the DHM treatment,p-Akt and p-AMPK expression was upregulated,and glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β)expression was downregulated,indicating that the potential anti-diabetic mechanism of DHM might be due to the regulation of the AMPK/Akt/GSK-3βsignaling pathway.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371771)Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest(201303084)National Science and Technology Support Programme(2015BAD19B05).
文摘One unresolved challenge in the egg industry is how to efficiently and non-invasively detect unfertilized eggs prior to incubation.This detection ability would not only significantly improve hatching rates and reduce costs but also conserve incubator space and prevent poor-quality embryos from contributing to the spread of infections.This study demonstrates a procedure for distinguishing between fertilized and unfertilized eggs prior to incubation by studying the respiratory differences between fertilized and unfertilized eggs using the Non-invasive Micro-test Technique(NMT).A customized micro-testing examination platform,NMT Egg Testing System(NMT-ETS)was constructed for the real-time monitoring of the intensity and rate of oxygen exchange between the egg and its external environment.The results from this study revealed that at room temperature,there is a significant difference in gas exchange rates between fertilized and unfertilized eggs.The results indicate that the oxygen flux of fertilized eggs exceed 20 pmol/(cm^(2)·s),whereas unfertilized eggs show a much lower oxygen flux.Based on the results,the NMT method can be used to effectively distinguish between fertilized and unfertilized chicken eggs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31871863)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 32072302)Hubei Key R&D Projects(2020BBB072).
文摘The gel springiness of preserved egg during pickling is an important indicator of the maturity and gel quality of preserved eggs(PEs),for which there are no validated rapid means of detection.This work,hyperspectral im-aging was used to non-destructively detect the gel springiness of preserved eggs(PEs)at different maturity levels during the curing period.Firstly,principal component analysis was used to explain the characteristics of the changes in gel springiness during the curing process of PEs of different maturity levels.Secondly,based on two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy(2DCOS),the 427-843 nm band range was explored as the optimal study region for gel springiness when gel springiness was used as a perturbation factor.In turn,spectral factors representative of the change in gel springiness are stripped in this band region.Comparing three different variable selection methods(SPA、CARS and UVE),it was found that the UVE-PLSR model had the highest detection accuracy:The predicted coefficient of determination R2p and the predicted standard deviation SEp of the predicted gel springiness are 0.846 and 1.526,with a residual prediction deviation RPD of 2.35.Finally,the above optimal prediction model is applied to the pixel spectrum to calculate the springiness value of each pixel point on the hyperspectral image and is supplemented by a pseudo-color technique to visualize the prediction of the spatial distribution of the gel springiness value.The results show that using hyperspectral imaging can detect the gel springiness value of the PE during the curing process,which will provide a theoretical basis for future determination of the ripeness of the PE as well as high-throughput online sorting.
基金supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 32072237)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(grant number 2020CFB583)Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-40-K24).
文摘The low-calcium-specific pathogen-free C57BL/6(SPF-C57BL/6)mice were used to explore the effectiveness of phosvitin phosphopeptides(PPPs)and eggshell membrane peptides(EMPs)in improving the intestinal calcium absorption and promoting bone deposition of eggshell calcium(ESCa).Intake of ESCa+PPPs+EMPs significantly down regulated the abnormal elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)induced by calcium deficiency.The CaCO3 group had lower calcium absorption rate(34.34%)and femur bone mineral density(BMD)(0.13 g/cm^(3)),while the ESCa+PPPs+EMPs treatment significantly improved calcium absorption rate(55.01%)and femur BMD(0.15 g/cm^(3)).The three-dimensional reconstruction images of mice femur showed that the ESCa+PPPs+EMPs group had a more complete,compact,and thicker trabecular structure than the low-calcium,CaCO3,and ESCa groups.These results indicated that the ESCa is a low-cost alternative calcium supplement to achieve adequate calcium intake,and the presence of polypeptides,such as PPPs and EMPs,is more beneficial to calcium absorption and deposition than the ESCa.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371771)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303084)National Key Technology Research and Development Program Project(2015BAD19B05).
文摘The quality of salted eggs differs in curing process.They need to be tested and graded before factory packaging.The dynamic images of salted eggs were acquired on conveyor.Firstly,preprocessing of color images must be done:the target area of the binary image was determined by mathematical morphology and removal of the object of a small area.According to the binary image is a convex or concave figure,the target region light leaked or not was determined.The effects of leaked region were eliminated by searching for mutation points,fitting salted egg boundary by the Least Square algorithm,labeling the binary image and extracting single target area.Then,six characteristic parameters were extracted in color space,and quality testing model was established by minimum error probability.The experimental results indicated that the detection accuracy reached above 93%and classification efficiency was 5400/h.It is proved the model is feasible for salted egg grading.
基金This project was supported by the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072237)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2020CFB583)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662020SPPY006)to Xi Huangas well as the Chutian Scholar Program and Innovative Start-Up Foundation from Wuhan Sports University to Ning Chen.
文摘Phosvitin and its phosphopeptides contain a large amount of phosphorylated amino groups and exhibit a series of unique bioactivities including metal-binding,antioxidant,bacteriostatic and biomineralization activities due to strong interactions between phosphate groups and metal ions.In this article,the structures and preparation of phosvitin phosphopeptides,the interactions of phosphopeptides with metal ions,and the biological activities associated with their metal-binding capacity,as well as future potential application prospects are discussed.
