Emerging therapies rely on the efficient and specific delivery of targeted agents into the cytosol,such as DNA,siRNA and proteins.Nanoparticles showed great potentials in safe delivery and transportation of the target...Emerging therapies rely on the efficient and specific delivery of targeted agents into the cytosol,such as DNA,siRNA and proteins.Nanoparticles showed great potentials in safe delivery and transportation of the targeted cargoes;however,the entrapment in endosomes and degradation by specific enzymes in the lysosome hindered the bioavailability,cytosolic delivery and subsequent therapeutic efficacy.In this case,the development of methods for efficient and specific delivery of targeted therapeutic agents focuses on overcoming the major challenge of endo/lysosomal escape,which relies on the development of safe and efficient nanodelivery systems.A deeper mechanistic understanding in the endo/lysosomal escape will guide the development of more efficient nano-delivery systems.In this review,we summarize various mechanisms by which nanoparticles escape from the endo/lysosome,and showcase the recent progress in dissecting the endo/lysosomal approaches based on nano-delivery systems.Emphasis will lie on the properties of nanoparticles that govern the endo/lysosomal escape pathway as well as the latest promising applications in vaccine delivery and genetic engineering field.展开更多
This article reviews recent progresses in growth mechanism, synthesis, and applications of zinc oxide nano-materials （mainly focusing on one-dimensional （1D） nanomaterials）. In the first part of this article, we b...This article reviews recent progresses in growth mechanism, synthesis, and applications of zinc oxide nano-materials （mainly focusing on one-dimensional （1D） nanomaterials）. In the first part of this article, we briefly introduce the importance, the synthesis methods and growth mechanisms, the properties and applications of ZnO 1D nanomaterials. In the second part of this article, the growth mechanisms of ZnO 1D nanomaterials will be discussed in detail in the framework of vapor-liquid-solid （VLS）, vapor-solid （VS）, and aqueous solution growth （ASG） approaches. Both qualitative and quantitative information will be provided to show how a controlled synthesis of ZnO 1D nanomaterials can be achieved. In the third part of this article, we present recent progresses in our group for the synthesis of ZnO 1D nanomaterials, and the results from other groups will only be mentioned briefly. Especially, experiment designing according to theories will be elaborated to demonstrate the concept of controlled synthesis. In the fourth part of this article, the properties and potential applications of ZnO 1D nanomaterials will be treated. Finally, a summary part will be presented in the fifth section. The future trend of research for ZnO 1D nanomaterials will be pointed out and key issues to be solved will be proposed.展开更多
Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) has become one of the most powerful techniques in the fields of material science, inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology. In terms of resolutions, advanced TEM may reach a high sp...Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) has become one of the most powerful techniques in the fields of material science, inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology. In terms of resolutions, advanced TEM may reach a high spatial resolution of 0.05 nm, a high energy-resolution of 7 meV. In addition, in situ TEM can help researchers to image the process happened within 1 ms. This paper reviews the recent technical progresses of applying advanced TEM characterization on nanomaterials for catalysis. The text is organized based on the perspective of application: for example, size, composition, phase, strain, and morphology. The electron beam induced effect and in situ TEM are also introduced. I hope this review can help the scientists in related fields to take advantage of advanced TEM to their own researches.展开更多
Quantitative information,such as environmental migration,absorption,biodistribution,biotransformation,and elimination,is fundamental and essential for the nanosafety evaluations of nanomaterials.Due to the complexity ...Quantitative information,such as environmental migration,absorption,biodistribution,biotransformation,and elimination,is fundamental and essential for the nanosafety evaluations of nanomaterials.Due to the complexity of biological and environmental systems,it is challenging to develop quantitative approaches and tools that could characterize intrinsic behaviors of nanomaterials in the organisms.The isotopic tracers are ideal candidates to tune the physical properties of nanomaterials while preserving their chemical properties.In this review article,we summarized the stable isotope labeling methods of nanomaterials for evaluating their environmental and biological effects.The skeleton labeling protocols of carbon nanomaterials and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles were introduced.The advantages and disadvantages of stable isotope labeling were discussed in comparison with other quantitative methods for nanomaterials.The quantitative information of nanomaterials in environmental and biological systems was summarized along with the biosafety data.The benefits for drug development of nanomedicine were analyzed based on the targeting effects,persistent accumulation,and safety.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives of stable isotope labeling in nanoscience and nanotechnology were discussed.展开更多
In oncolytic virus(OV)therapy,a critical component of tumor immunotherapy,viruses selectively infect,replicate within,and eventually destroy tumor cells.Simultaneously,this therapy activates immune responses and mobil...In oncolytic virus(OV)therapy,a critical component of tumor immunotherapy,viruses selectively infect,replicate within,and eventually destroy tumor cells.Simultaneously,this therapy activates immune responses and mobilizes immune cells,thereby eliminating residual or distant cancer cells.However,because of OVs’high immunogenicity and immune clearance during circulation,their clinical applications are currently limited to intratumoral injections,and their use is severely restricted.In recent years,numerous studies have used nanomaterials to modify OVs to decrease virulence and increase safety for intravenous injection.The most commonly used nanomaterials for modifying OVs are liposomes,polymers,and albumin,because of their biosafety,practicability,and effectiveness.The aim of this review is to summarize progress in the use of these nanomaterials in preclinical experiments to modify OVs and to discuss the challenges encountered from basic research to clinical application.展开更多
Brain cancer,also known as intracranial cancer,is one of the most invasive and fatal cancers affecting people of all ages.Despite the great advances in medical technology,improvements in transporting drugs into brain ...Brain cancer,also known as intracranial cancer,is one of the most invasive and fatal cancers affecting people of all ages.Despite the great advances in medical technology,improvements in transporting drugs into brain tissue have been limited by the challenge of crossing the blood-brain barrier(BBB).Fortunately,recent endeavors using gold-based nanomaterials(GBNs)have indicated the potential of these materials to cross the BBB.Therefore,GBNs might be an attractive therapeutic strategy against brain cancer.Herein,we aim to present a comprehensive summary of current understanding of the critical effects of the physicochemical properties and surface modifications of GBNs on BBB penetration for applications in brain cancer treatment.Furthermore,the most recent GBNs and their impressive performance in precise bioimaging and efficient inhibition of brain tumors are also summarized,with an emphasis on the mechanism of their effective BBB penetration.Finally,the challenges and future outlook in using GBNs for brain cancer treatment are discussed.We hope that this review will spark researchers'interest in constructing more powerful nanoplatforms for brain disease treatment.展开更多
Here we reported a novel electrochemical encapsulation method to encapsulate various nanomaterials and bimolecules into collagen. The electrochemical encapsulation process involves assembling of collagen along with Na...Here we reported a novel electrochemical encapsulation method to encapsulate various nanomaterials and bimolecules into collagen. The electrochemical encapsulation process involves assembling of collagen along with Nano/bio materials using an isoelectric focusing mechanism. We have showed that a wide range of Nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, polymeric nanoparticles, magnetic calcium phosphate nanoparticles?and biomolecules can be encapsulated into collagen. These novel collagen-based composite materials possess improved electric, mechanical, antimicrobial, magnetic, bioactive properties. Thus, this novel electrochemical encapsulation process offers a means to fabricate novel biomaterials for various biomedical applications such as tendon/ligament, nerve, skin tissue engineering, tendon/ligament to bone grafts, and sutures, etc.展开更多
As expected for years, nanotechnology has revolutionized engineering, biology, chemistry, physics and medicine of today. These disciplines are evolving thanks to the ongoing development of new materials and applicatio...As expected for years, nanotechnology has revolutionized engineering, biology, chemistry, physics and medicine of today. These disciplines are evolving thanks to the ongoing development of new materials and applications. Nanomedicine, as application of nanotechnology in the field of health care, has undergone unprecedented development. Some of these changes have real applications as, for example, the use of nanoparticles in MRI imaging, in hyperthermia, in immunotherapy, or to improve the bioavailability of drugs, among others [1]-[3]. When a drug is administered to a patient, the blood distributes it throughout the body. In the case of very localized diseases (i.e. tumors), only a small fraction of the drug reaches the target. Chemotherapy is one of the most aggressive treatment options used in some types of cancer, and is usually administered intravenously. In this type of therapy, the drug circulates throughout the body, reaching and destroying healthy and cancerous tissues, producing side effects throughout the body, sometimes with serious consequences for the health of the patient (nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, anemia, etc.). Among the many applications of nanotechnology, the fabrication of nanostructures capable of safely transporting these drugs is seen as a strategy for reducing these side effects. Nanoparticles are able to carry and release the drug in the right place and with the required dose, greatly reducing the problems associated with direct treatment with these drugs. In recent years, there have been continuous improvements in the design and development of new tailor-made drug delivery systems [4], including hollow magnetic nanoparticles, liposomal structures, dendrimers, nanoporous silicon, etc. These structures can be obtained with different molecular weights (in the case of polymers), structures, shapes, and even with the appropriate functional groups for interaction at the desired positions. However, a great effort is still required to solve many of the current problems [5], including toxicity, aggregation, solubility and stability in the human body, physiological processes of elimination, identification of targets by highly specific receptors, controlled drug release over time, etc.展开更多
Nowadays, nanomaterials have become an emerging field that has shown great promise in the development of novel diagnostic, imaging and therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases, including cancer, due to their nanos...Nowadays, nanomaterials have become an emerging field that has shown great promise in the development of novel diagnostic, imaging and therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases, including cancer, due to their nanoscale size effects and increased surface area. In comparison to their larger counterparts, nanomaterials have unique physicochemical and biological properties including size, shape, chemical composition, surface structure and charge, aggregation and agglomeration, and solubility which can affect their interactions with biomolecules and cells. Nanoparticles (NPs) with size-tunable light emission have demonstrated an impressive potential as high-efficiency delivery transporters for biomolecules into cells, being used to produce exceptional images of tumor sites. Moreover, NPs delivery system has been widely applied in pharmaceutical field to enhance absorption of bioactive compounds since they can interact with several phytochemicals by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions to encapsulate these phytochemicals in NPs and thus enhance aqueous solubility of the chemicals. Moreover, NPs also can prevent against oxidation/degradation of the phytochemicals encapsulated in the gastrointestinal tract and can be taken directly up by epithelial cells in the small intestine resulting in the increase of absorption and bioavailability of phytochemicals. In general, there are two specific fields of utilization of intrinsically active NPs as pharmacologic agents including oxidative-related pathologies and cancer. On the other hand, Redox active NPs have been shown to ameliorate many clinically relevant pathological disorders that implicate oxidative stress, reducing the oxidative burden and alleviating many important symptoms. Such NPs act either in a catalytic way resembling the action of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, or as activating surfaces to facilitate reactions between the aqueous environment and the reactive oxygen species present at high level in the pathological tissues.展开更多
Carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials possess a set of merits including large surface area,good structural stability,diversified morphology,adjustable structure,and biocompatibility.These outstanding features make the...Carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials possess a set of merits including large surface area,good structural stability,diversified morphology,adjustable structure,and biocompatibility.These outstanding features make them widely applied in different fields.However,limited by the surface free energy effect,the current studies mainly focus on the symmetric structures,such as nanospheres,nanoflowers,nanowires,nanosheets,and core-shell structured composites.By comparison,the asymmetric structure with ingenious adjustability not only exhibits a larger effective surface area accompanied with more active sites,but also enables each component to work independently or corporately to harness their own merits,thus showing the unusual performances in some specific applications.The current review mainly focuses on the recent progress of design principles and synthesis methods of asymmetric carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials,and their applications in energy storage,catalysis,and biomedicine.Particularly,we provide some deep insights into their unique advantages in related fields from the perspective of materials’structure-performance relationship.Furthermore,the challenges and development prospects on the synthesis and applications of asymmetric carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials are also presented and highlighted.展开更多
Photothermal cancer therapy is an alternative to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. With the development of nanophotothermal agents, this therapy holds immense potential in clinical translation. However, the tox...Photothermal cancer therapy is an alternative to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. With the development of nanophotothermal agents, this therapy holds immense potential in clinical translation. However, the toxicity issues derived from the fact that nanomaterials are trapped and retained in the reticuloendothelial systems limit their biomedical application.Developing biodegradable photothermal agents is the most practical route to address these concerns. In addition to the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, various internal and external stimuli play key roles on nanomaterials uptake,transport, and clearance. In this review, we summarized novel nanoplatforms for photothermal therapy; these nanoplatforms can elicit stimuli-triggered degradation. We focused on the recent innovative designs endowed with biodegradable photothermal agents under different stimuli, including enzyme, p H, and near-infrared(NIR) laser.展开更多
The intensive concern over the biosafety of nanomaterials demands the systematic study of the mechanisms underlying their biological effects. Many of the effects of nanomaterials can be attributed to their interaction...The intensive concern over the biosafety of nanomaterials demands the systematic study of the mechanisms underlying their biological effects. Many of the effects of nanomaterials can be attributed to their interactions with proteins and their impacts on protein function. On the other hand, nanomaterials show potential for a variety of biomedical applications,many of which also involve direct interactions with proteins. In this paper, we review some recent computational studies on this subject, especially those investigating the interactions of carbon and gold nanomaterials. Beside hydrophobic andπ-stacking interactions, the mode of interaction of carbon nanomaterials can also be regulated by their functional groups.The coatings of gold nanomaterials similarly adjust their mode of interaction, in addition to coordination interactions with the sulfur groups of cysteine residues and the imidazole groups of histidine residues. Nanomaterials can interact with multiple proteins and their impacts on protein activity are attributed to a wide spectrum of mechanisms. These findings on the mechanisms of nanomaterial–protein interactions can further guide the design and development of nanomaterials to realize their application in disease diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
The magnetic properties of （Cox Fe1-x）A （Zn1-x Fe1＋x）B O4 are studied using mean-field theory and the probability distribution law to obtain the saturation magnetization, the coercive field, the critical temperat...The magnetic properties of （Cox Fe1-x）A （Zn1-x Fe1＋x）B O4 are studied using mean-field theory and the probability distribution law to obtain the saturation magnetization, the coercive field, the critical temperature, and the exchange interactions with different values of D （nm） and x. High-temperature series expansions （HTSEs） combined with the Pade approximant are used to calculate the critical temperature of （CoxFe1-x）A（Znl-xFe1＋x）BO4, and the critical exponent associated with magnetic susceptibility is obtained.展开更多
Environmental catalysis has drawn a great deal ofattention due to its clean ways to produce useful chemicals or carry out some chemical processes.Photocatalysis and electrocatalysis play important roles in these field...Environmental catalysis has drawn a great deal ofattention due to its clean ways to produce useful chemicals or carry out some chemical processes.Photocatalysis and electrocatalysis play important roles in these fields.They can decompose and remove organic pollutants from the aqueous environment,and prepare some fine chemicals.Moreover,they also can carry out some important reactions,such as 02 reduction reaction(ORR),O2 evolution reaction(OER),H2 evolution reaction(HER),CO2 reduction reaction(C02 RR),and N2 fixation(NRR).For catalytic reactions,it is the key to develop high-performance catalysts to meet the demand fortargeted reactions.In recentyears,two-dimensional(2 D) materials have attracted great interest in environmental catalysis due to their unique layered structures,which offer us to make use of their electronic and structural characteristics.Great progress has been made so far,including graphene,black phosphorus,oxides,layered double hydroxides(LDHs),chalcogenides,bismuth-based layered compounds,MXenes,metal organic frameworks(MOFs),covalent organic frameworks(COFs),and others.This content drives us to invite many famous groups in these fields to write the roadmap on two-dimensional nanomaterials for environmental catalysis.We hope that this roadmap can give the useful guidance to researchers in future researches,and provide the research directions.展开更多
Nanomaterials and nanotechnology are emerging as promising strategies for medical devices due to their ad-vantageous properties,including the ability to effectively interact with biomolecules and tissues,as well as en...Nanomaterials and nanotechnology are emerging as promising strategies for medical devices due to their ad-vantageous properties,including the ability to effectively interact with biomolecules and tissues,as well as enhance therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility.This has resulted in approved and candidate devices in fields,such as orthopedics,dentistry,wound care,and neurology.However,the overall progress in translating medical devices using nanomaterials has been relatively slow,highlighting the urgent need to advance regulatory science.Regulatory authorities and organizations,such as the National Medical Products Administration in China and the European Union,have issued essential guidance documents for these devices’safety and efficiency evaluation.These documents include special requirements and considerations for physicochemical characterization,bio-logical evaluation,and other aspects.Although some evaluation paths have been defined,ongoing advancements in technologies and methods are expected to enhance safety evaluation practices,reduce burdens on the medical device industry,and accelerate the clinical translation of medical devices using nanomaterials.Herein,we review the current state of regulatory science related to medical devices using nanomaterials,suggest the feasibility of using in vitro alternative methods to advance regulatory science,and offer forward-looking insights to inspire new ideas and technologies for accelerating clinical translation.展开更多
Nanomaterials(NMs)have garnered decades of research interest owing to their unique physicochemical properties and unparalleled advantages in diverse applications.However,these distinctive characteristics simultaneousl...Nanomaterials(NMs)have garnered decades of research interest owing to their unique physicochemical properties and unparalleled advantages in diverse applications.However,these distinctive characteristics simultaneously raise concerns regarding their biosafety.Recent advancements in understanding NMs–organism interactions have led to innovative strategies for mitigating their intrinsic toxicity.Notably,emerging studies reveal that through rational design and precise manipulation,the inherent toxicological effects of NMs can be strategically repurposed for cancer therapeutics.For instance,functionalized NMs may disrupt oxidative homeostasis,activate programmed cell death pathways,modulate immune responses,or regulate ion channel activities.Despite these promising discoveries,the systematic exploitation of NMs-induced biological responses in oncological interventions remains underexplored.Therefore,this review provides,for the first time,a comprehensive introduction to NM-mediated biological process modulation,focusing on their mechanisms and therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.We have summarized(1)key pathways through which NMs elicit cytotoxic effects,including redox homeostasis regulation,immunogenic cell death activation,and so on;(2)design principles for engineering NMs with controllable bio-interactions;and(3)innovative applications leveraging NM-triggered physical effects(e.g.,photothermal conversion,reactive oxygen species generation)as targeted therapeutic modalities.Furthermore,we also highlight the translational significance of harnessing NMspecific bioactivities while discussing current challenges in clinical adaptation and possible solutions.By bridging the gap between nanotoxicology and therapeutic innovation,this manuscript offers novel perspectives for developing next-generation nanomedicine platforms with enhanced efficacy and safety profiles.展开更多
In recent years,tissue engineering has emerged as a cutting‐edge approach forthe treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI)owing to its remarkable capabilities.Itcan create living tissues with robust vitality,achieve maxim...In recent years,tissue engineering has emerged as a cutting‐edge approach forthe treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI)owing to its remarkable capabilities.Itcan create living tissues with robust vitality,achieve maximal tissue repairwith minimal cell usage,and facilitate seamless reconstruction with un-matched plasticity,all while addressing immune rejection issues.Among theseadvancements,one‐dimensional(1D)materials have garnered significantattention.Their morphology closely resembles the extracellular matrix envi-ronment,thereby fostering the elongation of dendrites and axons on neuronsand greatly enhancing the prospects for SCI repair.With a keen focus on thelatest advancements in the application of 1D nanomaterials in nerve tissueengineering for spinal nerve repair,this review delves into several key aspects.Firstly,it explores the“bottom‐up”approach to synthesizing 1D nano-materials.Secondly,it examines the mechanisms by which these nano-materials influence neural tissue engineering.Thirdly,it presents variouscutting‐edge strategies aimed at optimizing the morphology and perfor-mance of 1D materials,thereby enhancing the efficiency of nerve tissue injuryrepair.Lastly,it discusses the current challenges and future prospects facing this fascinating field.We aspire that this comprehensive review will provide aprofound understanding of the development of 1D materials in neural tissueengineering and inspire a wider audience with its potential.展开更多
Graphdiyne(GDY)-based nanomaterials are a novel class of two-dimensional carbon structures characterized by a distinctive arrangement of sp-and sp?-hybridized carbon atoms that have garnered significant interest becau...Graphdiyne(GDY)-based nanomaterials are a novel class of two-dimensional carbon structures characterized by a distinctive arrangement of sp-and sp?-hybridized carbon atoms that have garnered significant interest because of their unique properties.The presence of alkyne linkages in these materials leads to a highly conjugated system with uniform pores,offering a plethora of opportunities in diverse technological applications.This review delves into the intrinsic properties of GDY,including its electronic,mechanical,and optical characteristics,which are pivotal for its biomedical utility in fields such as sensing and detection,bio-imaging,tumor therapy,drug deliv-ery,and antibacterial treatments.Despite these promising attributes,the field faces ongoing challenges,including a deeper comprehension of the formation mechanisms,development of scalable synthesis routes for single-or few-layer GDY sheets,and thorough investigation of the basic physical and chemical properties.This paper high-lights the existing applications of GDY-based nanomaterials in nanotechnology and identifies the critical research directions necessary for harnessing the full potential of this emerging material.展开更多
Recent development in nanotechnology has provided new tools for cancer therapy and diagnostics.Because of their small size,nanoscale devices readily interact with biomolecules both on the cell surface and inside the c...Recent development in nanotechnology has provided new tools for cancer therapy and diagnostics.Because of their small size,nanoscale devices readily interact with biomolecules both on the cell surface and inside the cell.Nanomaterials,such as fullerenes and their derivatives,are effective in terms of interactions with the immune system and have great potential as anticancer drugs.Comparatively,other nanomaterials are able to load active drugs to cancer cells by selectively using the unique tumor environment,such as their enhanced permeability,retention effect and the specific acidic microenvironment.Multifunctional and multiplexed nanoparticles,as the next generation of nanoparticles,are now being extensively investigated and are promising tools to achieve personalized and tailored cancer treatments.展开更多
Due to their many advantageous properties,nanomaterials(NMs)have been utilized in diverse consumer goods,industrial products,and for therapeutic purposes.This situation leads to a constant risk of exposure and uptake ...Due to their many advantageous properties,nanomaterials(NMs)have been utilized in diverse consumer goods,industrial products,and for therapeutic purposes.This situation leads to a constant risk of exposure and uptake by the human body,which are highly dependent on nanomaterial size.Consequently,an improved understanding of the interactions between different sizes of nanomaterials and biological systems is needed to design safer and more clinically relevant nano systems.We discuss the sizedependent effects of nanomaterials in living organisms.Upon entry into biological systems,nanomaterials can translocate biological barriers,distribute to various tissues and elicit different toxic effects on organs,based on their size and location.The association of nanomaterial size with physiological structures within organs determines the site of accumulation of nanoparticles.In general,nanomaterials smaller than 20 nm tend to accumulate in the kidney while nanomaterials between 20 and 100 nm preferentially deposit in the liver.After accumulating in organs,nanomaterials can induce inflammation,damage structural integrity and ultimately result in organ dysfunction,which helps better understand the size-dependent dynamic processes and toxicity of nanomaterials in organisms.The enhanced permeability and retention effect of nanomaterials and the utility of this phenomenon in tumor therapy are also highlighted.展开更多
基金support from the Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme of The Chinese University of Hong Kong,the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20241828)The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M763416).
文摘Emerging therapies rely on the efficient and specific delivery of targeted agents into the cytosol,such as DNA,siRNA and proteins.Nanoparticles showed great potentials in safe delivery and transportation of the targeted cargoes;however,the entrapment in endosomes and degradation by specific enzymes in the lysosome hindered the bioavailability,cytosolic delivery and subsequent therapeutic efficacy.In this case,the development of methods for efficient and specific delivery of targeted therapeutic agents focuses on overcoming the major challenge of endo/lysosomal escape,which relies on the development of safe and efficient nanodelivery systems.A deeper mechanistic understanding in the endo/lysosomal escape will guide the development of more efficient nano-delivery systems.In this review,we summarize various mechanisms by which nanoparticles escape from the endo/lysosome,and showcase the recent progress in dissecting the endo/lysosomal approaches based on nano-delivery systems.Emphasis will lie on the properties of nanoparticles that govern the endo/lysosomal escape pathway as well as the latest promising applications in vaccine delivery and genetic engineering field.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No.10574131Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory Special Fundthe Presidential Scholarship Special Fund.
文摘This article reviews recent progresses in growth mechanism, synthesis, and applications of zinc oxide nano-materials （mainly focusing on one-dimensional （1D） nanomaterials）. In the first part of this article, we briefly introduce the importance, the synthesis methods and growth mechanisms, the properties and applications of ZnO 1D nanomaterials. In the second part of this article, the growth mechanisms of ZnO 1D nanomaterials will be discussed in detail in the framework of vapor-liquid-solid （VLS）, vapor-solid （VS）, and aqueous solution growth （ASG） approaches. Both qualitative and quantitative information will be provided to show how a controlled synthesis of ZnO 1D nanomaterials can be achieved. In the third part of this article, we present recent progresses in our group for the synthesis of ZnO 1D nanomaterials, and the results from other groups will only be mentioned briefly. Especially, experiment designing according to theories will be elaborated to demonstrate the concept of controlled synthesis. In the fourth part of this article, the properties and potential applications of ZnO 1D nanomaterials will be treated. Finally, a summary part will be presented in the fifth section. The future trend of research for ZnO 1D nanomaterials will be pointed out and key issues to be solved will be proposed.
基金supported by Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory funded by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-SC-00112704
文摘Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) has become one of the most powerful techniques in the fields of material science, inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology. In terms of resolutions, advanced TEM may reach a high spatial resolution of 0.05 nm, a high energy-resolution of 7 meV. In addition, in situ TEM can help researchers to image the process happened within 1 ms. This paper reviews the recent technical progresses of applying advanced TEM characterization on nanomaterials for catalysis. The text is organized based on the perspective of application: for example, size, composition, phase, strain, and morphology. The electron beam induced effect and in situ TEM are also introduced. I hope this review can help the scientists in related fields to take advantage of advanced TEM to their own researches.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1200904)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2202065)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Southwest Minzu University(No.2021PTJS36)Major instrument project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22027810)。
文摘Quantitative information,such as environmental migration,absorption,biodistribution,biotransformation,and elimination,is fundamental and essential for the nanosafety evaluations of nanomaterials.Due to the complexity of biological and environmental systems,it is challenging to develop quantitative approaches and tools that could characterize intrinsic behaviors of nanomaterials in the organisms.The isotopic tracers are ideal candidates to tune the physical properties of nanomaterials while preserving their chemical properties.In this review article,we summarized the stable isotope labeling methods of nanomaterials for evaluating their environmental and biological effects.The skeleton labeling protocols of carbon nanomaterials and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles were introduced.The advantages and disadvantages of stable isotope labeling were discussed in comparison with other quantitative methods for nanomaterials.The quantitative information of nanomaterials in environmental and biological systems was summarized along with the biosafety data.The benefits for drug development of nanomedicine were analyzed based on the targeting effects,persistent accumulation,and safety.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives of stable isotope labeling in nanoscience and nanotechnology were discussed.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA0909900,X.Z.2022YFC2403401,F.L.)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32222045 and 32171384,X.Z.82073368,F.L.)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(Grant No.XLYC2007071,F.L.)the Top-notch Talents Project of 2022“Kunlun Yingcai Advanced Innovation and Entrepreneurship”in Qinghai Province(Y.X.)。
文摘In oncolytic virus(OV)therapy,a critical component of tumor immunotherapy,viruses selectively infect,replicate within,and eventually destroy tumor cells.Simultaneously,this therapy activates immune responses and mobilizes immune cells,thereby eliminating residual or distant cancer cells.However,because of OVs’high immunogenicity and immune clearance during circulation,their clinical applications are currently limited to intratumoral injections,and their use is severely restricted.In recent years,numerous studies have used nanomaterials to modify OVs to decrease virulence and increase safety for intravenous injection.The most commonly used nanomaterials for modifying OVs are liposomes,polymers,and albumin,because of their biosafety,practicability,and effectiveness.The aim of this review is to summarize progress in the use of these nanomaterials in preclinical experiments to modify OVs and to discuss the challenges encountered from basic research to clinical application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.82001959 and 31630027)NSFC-German Research Foundation(DFG)project(Grant No.31761133013)+6 种基金appreciate support from the“Ten Thousand Elite Plan”(Grant No.Y9E21Z11)CAS International Collaboration Plan(Grant No.E0632911ZX)the National Key Research&Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFE0117800)the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyCAS(Grant No.NSKF202003)Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research(Grant No.FJ-YW-2021KF04)financial support from the Nanqiang Outstanding Young Talents Program from Xiamen University。
文摘Brain cancer,also known as intracranial cancer,is one of the most invasive and fatal cancers affecting people of all ages.Despite the great advances in medical technology,improvements in transporting drugs into brain tissue have been limited by the challenge of crossing the blood-brain barrier(BBB).Fortunately,recent endeavors using gold-based nanomaterials(GBNs)have indicated the potential of these materials to cross the BBB.Therefore,GBNs might be an attractive therapeutic strategy against brain cancer.Herein,we aim to present a comprehensive summary of current understanding of the critical effects of the physicochemical properties and surface modifications of GBNs on BBB penetration for applications in brain cancer treatment.Furthermore,the most recent GBNs and their impressive performance in precise bioimaging and efficient inhibition of brain tumors are also summarized,with an emphasis on the mechanism of their effective BBB penetration.Finally,the challenges and future outlook in using GBNs for brain cancer treatment are discussed.We hope that this review will spark researchers'interest in constructing more powerful nanoplatforms for brain disease treatment.
文摘Here we reported a novel electrochemical encapsulation method to encapsulate various nanomaterials and bimolecules into collagen. The electrochemical encapsulation process involves assembling of collagen along with Nano/bio materials using an isoelectric focusing mechanism. We have showed that a wide range of Nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, polymeric nanoparticles, magnetic calcium phosphate nanoparticles?and biomolecules can be encapsulated into collagen. These novel collagen-based composite materials possess improved electric, mechanical, antimicrobial, magnetic, bioactive properties. Thus, this novel electrochemical encapsulation process offers a means to fabricate novel biomaterials for various biomedical applications such as tendon/ligament, nerve, skin tissue engineering, tendon/ligament to bone grafts, and sutures, etc.
文摘As expected for years, nanotechnology has revolutionized engineering, biology, chemistry, physics and medicine of today. These disciplines are evolving thanks to the ongoing development of new materials and applications. Nanomedicine, as application of nanotechnology in the field of health care, has undergone unprecedented development. Some of these changes have real applications as, for example, the use of nanoparticles in MRI imaging, in hyperthermia, in immunotherapy, or to improve the bioavailability of drugs, among others [1]-[3]. When a drug is administered to a patient, the blood distributes it throughout the body. In the case of very localized diseases (i.e. tumors), only a small fraction of the drug reaches the target. Chemotherapy is one of the most aggressive treatment options used in some types of cancer, and is usually administered intravenously. In this type of therapy, the drug circulates throughout the body, reaching and destroying healthy and cancerous tissues, producing side effects throughout the body, sometimes with serious consequences for the health of the patient (nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, anemia, etc.). Among the many applications of nanotechnology, the fabrication of nanostructures capable of safely transporting these drugs is seen as a strategy for reducing these side effects. Nanoparticles are able to carry and release the drug in the right place and with the required dose, greatly reducing the problems associated with direct treatment with these drugs. In recent years, there have been continuous improvements in the design and development of new tailor-made drug delivery systems [4], including hollow magnetic nanoparticles, liposomal structures, dendrimers, nanoporous silicon, etc. These structures can be obtained with different molecular weights (in the case of polymers), structures, shapes, and even with the appropriate functional groups for interaction at the desired positions. However, a great effort is still required to solve many of the current problems [5], including toxicity, aggregation, solubility and stability in the human body, physiological processes of elimination, identification of targets by highly specific receptors, controlled drug release over time, etc.
文摘Nowadays, nanomaterials have become an emerging field that has shown great promise in the development of novel diagnostic, imaging and therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases, including cancer, due to their nanoscale size effects and increased surface area. In comparison to their larger counterparts, nanomaterials have unique physicochemical and biological properties including size, shape, chemical composition, surface structure and charge, aggregation and agglomeration, and solubility which can affect their interactions with biomolecules and cells. Nanoparticles (NPs) with size-tunable light emission have demonstrated an impressive potential as high-efficiency delivery transporters for biomolecules into cells, being used to produce exceptional images of tumor sites. Moreover, NPs delivery system has been widely applied in pharmaceutical field to enhance absorption of bioactive compounds since they can interact with several phytochemicals by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions to encapsulate these phytochemicals in NPs and thus enhance aqueous solubility of the chemicals. Moreover, NPs also can prevent against oxidation/degradation of the phytochemicals encapsulated in the gastrointestinal tract and can be taken directly up by epithelial cells in the small intestine resulting in the increase of absorption and bioavailability of phytochemicals. In general, there are two specific fields of utilization of intrinsically active NPs as pharmacologic agents including oxidative-related pathologies and cancer. On the other hand, Redox active NPs have been shown to ameliorate many clinically relevant pathological disorders that implicate oxidative stress, reducing the oxidative burden and alleviating many important symptoms. Such NPs act either in a catalytic way resembling the action of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, or as activating surfaces to facilitate reactions between the aqueous environment and the reactive oxygen species present at high level in the pathological tissues.
基金support from the Shuguang Program supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(18SG035)Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials(Shanghai Polytechnic University).
文摘Carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials possess a set of merits including large surface area,good structural stability,diversified morphology,adjustable structure,and biocompatibility.These outstanding features make them widely applied in different fields.However,limited by the surface free energy effect,the current studies mainly focus on the symmetric structures,such as nanospheres,nanoflowers,nanowires,nanosheets,and core-shell structured composites.By comparison,the asymmetric structure with ingenious adjustability not only exhibits a larger effective surface area accompanied with more active sites,but also enables each component to work independently or corporately to harness their own merits,thus showing the unusual performances in some specific applications.The current review mainly focuses on the recent progress of design principles and synthesis methods of asymmetric carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials,and their applications in energy storage,catalysis,and biomedicine.Particularly,we provide some deep insights into their unique advantages in related fields from the perspective of materials’structure-performance relationship.Furthermore,the challenges and development prospects on the synthesis and applications of asymmetric carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials are also presented and highlighted.
文摘Photothermal cancer therapy is an alternative to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. With the development of nanophotothermal agents, this therapy holds immense potential in clinical translation. However, the toxicity issues derived from the fact that nanomaterials are trapped and retained in the reticuloendothelial systems limit their biomedical application.Developing biodegradable photothermal agents is the most practical route to address these concerns. In addition to the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, various internal and external stimuli play key roles on nanomaterials uptake,transport, and clearance. In this review, we summarized novel nanoplatforms for photothermal therapy; these nanoplatforms can elicit stimuli-triggered degradation. We focused on the recent innovative designs endowed with biodegradable photothermal agents under different stimuli, including enzyme, p H, and near-infrared(NIR) laser.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21273240,11204267,and 11474013)
文摘The intensive concern over the biosafety of nanomaterials demands the systematic study of the mechanisms underlying their biological effects. Many of the effects of nanomaterials can be attributed to their interactions with proteins and their impacts on protein function. On the other hand, nanomaterials show potential for a variety of biomedical applications,many of which also involve direct interactions with proteins. In this paper, we review some recent computational studies on this subject, especially those investigating the interactions of carbon and gold nanomaterials. Beside hydrophobic andπ-stacking interactions, the mode of interaction of carbon nanomaterials can also be regulated by their functional groups.The coatings of gold nanomaterials similarly adjust their mode of interaction, in addition to coordination interactions with the sulfur groups of cysteine residues and the imidazole groups of histidine residues. Nanomaterials can interact with multiple proteins and their impacts on protein activity are attributed to a wide spectrum of mechanisms. These findings on the mechanisms of nanomaterial–protein interactions can further guide the design and development of nanomaterials to realize their application in disease diagnosis and treatment.
文摘The magnetic properties of （Cox Fe1-x）A （Zn1-x Fe1＋x）B O4 are studied using mean-field theory and the probability distribution law to obtain the saturation magnetization, the coercive field, the critical temperature, and the exchange interactions with different values of D （nm） and x. High-temperature series expansions （HTSEs） combined with the Pade approximant are used to calculate the critical temperature of （CoxFe1-x）A（Znl-xFe1＋x）BO4, and the critical exponent associated with magnetic susceptibility is obtained.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21603129 & 20871167)National Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No. 201601D202021)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion (No. J1819-903) for the financial support
文摘Environmental catalysis has drawn a great deal ofattention due to its clean ways to produce useful chemicals or carry out some chemical processes.Photocatalysis and electrocatalysis play important roles in these fields.They can decompose and remove organic pollutants from the aqueous environment,and prepare some fine chemicals.Moreover,they also can carry out some important reactions,such as 02 reduction reaction(ORR),O2 evolution reaction(OER),H2 evolution reaction(HER),CO2 reduction reaction(C02 RR),and N2 fixation(NRR).For catalytic reactions,it is the key to develop high-performance catalysts to meet the demand fortargeted reactions.In recentyears,two-dimensional(2 D) materials have attracted great interest in environmental catalysis due to their unique layered structures,which offer us to make use of their electronic and structural characteristics.Great progress has been made so far,including graphene,black phosphorus,oxides,layered double hydroxides(LDHs),chalcogenides,bismuth-based layered compounds,MXenes,metal organic frameworks(MOFs),covalent organic frameworks(COFs),and others.This content drives us to invite many famous groups in these fields to write the roadmap on two-dimensional nanomaterials for environmental catalysis.We hope that this roadmap can give the useful guidance to researchers in future researches,and provide the research directions.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(Grant No.2022YFC2409700,2021YFA1200900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22476031,22027810).
文摘Nanomaterials and nanotechnology are emerging as promising strategies for medical devices due to their ad-vantageous properties,including the ability to effectively interact with biomolecules and tissues,as well as enhance therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility.This has resulted in approved and candidate devices in fields,such as orthopedics,dentistry,wound care,and neurology.However,the overall progress in translating medical devices using nanomaterials has been relatively slow,highlighting the urgent need to advance regulatory science.Regulatory authorities and organizations,such as the National Medical Products Administration in China and the European Union,have issued essential guidance documents for these devices’safety and efficiency evaluation.These documents include special requirements and considerations for physicochemical characterization,bio-logical evaluation,and other aspects.Although some evaluation paths have been defined,ongoing advancements in technologies and methods are expected to enhance safety evaluation practices,reduce burdens on the medical device industry,and accelerate the clinical translation of medical devices using nanomaterials.Herein,we review the current state of regulatory science related to medical devices using nanomaterials,suggest the feasibility of using in vitro alternative methods to advance regulatory science,and offer forward-looking insights to inspire new ideas and technologies for accelerating clinical translation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52302359,82172736)Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(Yat-Sen Excellent Young Scientists Fund,2025A03J4278)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer(ZZ-94-2306,zz-RCPY-24-41)Guangzhou Science and Technology Projects,State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer,Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2023B1212060013).
文摘Nanomaterials(NMs)have garnered decades of research interest owing to their unique physicochemical properties and unparalleled advantages in diverse applications.However,these distinctive characteristics simultaneously raise concerns regarding their biosafety.Recent advancements in understanding NMs–organism interactions have led to innovative strategies for mitigating their intrinsic toxicity.Notably,emerging studies reveal that through rational design and precise manipulation,the inherent toxicological effects of NMs can be strategically repurposed for cancer therapeutics.For instance,functionalized NMs may disrupt oxidative homeostasis,activate programmed cell death pathways,modulate immune responses,or regulate ion channel activities.Despite these promising discoveries,the systematic exploitation of NMs-induced biological responses in oncological interventions remains underexplored.Therefore,this review provides,for the first time,a comprehensive introduction to NM-mediated biological process modulation,focusing on their mechanisms and therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.We have summarized(1)key pathways through which NMs elicit cytotoxic effects,including redox homeostasis regulation,immunogenic cell death activation,and so on;(2)design principles for engineering NMs with controllable bio-interactions;and(3)innovative applications leveraging NM-triggered physical effects(e.g.,photothermal conversion,reactive oxygen species generation)as targeted therapeutic modalities.Furthermore,we also highlight the translational significance of harnessing NMspecific bioactivities while discussing current challenges in clinical adaptation and possible solutions.By bridging the gap between nanotoxicology and therapeutic innovation,this manuscript offers novel perspectives for developing next-generation nanomedicine platforms with enhanced efficacy and safety profiles.
基金Major basic research project of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:ZR2022ZD20National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2023YFB3210400+2 种基金STI2030-Major Projects,Grant/Award Number:2021ZD0201600City-School Integration Development Strategic Projectof Jinan,Grant/Award Number:INSX2021015National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/AwardNumber:32371294。
文摘In recent years,tissue engineering has emerged as a cutting‐edge approach forthe treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI)owing to its remarkable capabilities.Itcan create living tissues with robust vitality,achieve maximal tissue repairwith minimal cell usage,and facilitate seamless reconstruction with un-matched plasticity,all while addressing immune rejection issues.Among theseadvancements,one‐dimensional(1D)materials have garnered significantattention.Their morphology closely resembles the extracellular matrix envi-ronment,thereby fostering the elongation of dendrites and axons on neuronsand greatly enhancing the prospects for SCI repair.With a keen focus on thelatest advancements in the application of 1D nanomaterials in nerve tissueengineering for spinal nerve repair,this review delves into several key aspects.Firstly,it explores the“bottom‐up”approach to synthesizing 1D nano-materials.Secondly,it examines the mechanisms by which these nano-materials influence neural tissue engineering.Thirdly,it presents variouscutting‐edge strategies aimed at optimizing the morphology and perfor-mance of 1D materials,thereby enhancing the efficiency of nerve tissue injuryrepair.Lastly,it discusses the current challenges and future prospects facing this fascinating field.We aspire that this comprehensive review will provide aprofound understanding of the development of 1D materials in neural tissueengineering and inspire a wider audience with its potential.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFA1210004)Basic Science Center Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22388101)+2 种基金New Cornerstone Science Foundation,National Natural Science Foundation of China(T242200557,32171398)Beijing Nova Program(20220484060,20230484426)Hundred-Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Graphdiyne(GDY)-based nanomaterials are a novel class of two-dimensional carbon structures characterized by a distinctive arrangement of sp-and sp?-hybridized carbon atoms that have garnered significant interest because of their unique properties.The presence of alkyne linkages in these materials leads to a highly conjugated system with uniform pores,offering a plethora of opportunities in diverse technological applications.This review delves into the intrinsic properties of GDY,including its electronic,mechanical,and optical characteristics,which are pivotal for its biomedical utility in fields such as sensing and detection,bio-imaging,tumor therapy,drug deliv-ery,and antibacterial treatments.Despite these promising attributes,the field faces ongoing challenges,including a deeper comprehension of the formation mechanisms,development of scalable synthesis routes for single-or few-layer GDY sheets,and thorough investigation of the basic physical and chemical properties.This paper high-lights the existing applications of GDY-based nanomaterials in nanotechnology and identifies the critical research directions necessary for harnessing the full potential of this emerging material.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2011CB933401 & 2010CB934004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070854)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX2-YW-M02)
文摘Recent development in nanotechnology has provided new tools for cancer therapy and diagnostics.Because of their small size,nanoscale devices readily interact with biomolecules both on the cell surface and inside the cell.Nanomaterials,such as fullerenes and their derivatives,are effective in terms of interactions with the immune system and have great potential as anticancer drugs.Comparatively,other nanomaterials are able to load active drugs to cancer cells by selectively using the unique tumor environment,such as their enhanced permeability,retention effect and the specific acidic microenvironment.Multifunctional and multiplexed nanoparticles,as the next generation of nanoparticles,are now being extensively investigated and are promising tools to achieve personalized and tailored cancer treatments.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFA0201600 and 2016YFE0133100)the Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2018YFE0117200)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800844 and 51861145302)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11621505)the Major Research Program of Guangdong province(2019B090917011)the CAS Key Research Program for Frontier Sciences(QYZDJ-SSW-SLH022)the Austrian-Chinese Cooperative RTD Project(GJHZ201949,FFG and CAS)the CAS interdisciplinary innovation team。
文摘Due to their many advantageous properties,nanomaterials(NMs)have been utilized in diverse consumer goods,industrial products,and for therapeutic purposes.This situation leads to a constant risk of exposure and uptake by the human body,which are highly dependent on nanomaterial size.Consequently,an improved understanding of the interactions between different sizes of nanomaterials and biological systems is needed to design safer and more clinically relevant nano systems.We discuss the sizedependent effects of nanomaterials in living organisms.Upon entry into biological systems,nanomaterials can translocate biological barriers,distribute to various tissues and elicit different toxic effects on organs,based on their size and location.The association of nanomaterial size with physiological structures within organs determines the site of accumulation of nanoparticles.In general,nanomaterials smaller than 20 nm tend to accumulate in the kidney while nanomaterials between 20 and 100 nm preferentially deposit in the liver.After accumulating in organs,nanomaterials can induce inflammation,damage structural integrity and ultimately result in organ dysfunction,which helps better understand the size-dependent dynamic processes and toxicity of nanomaterials in organisms.The enhanced permeability and retention effect of nanomaterials and the utility of this phenomenon in tumor therapy are also highlighted.
