This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies,emphasizing the need for reliable and userfriendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection.In additio...This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies,emphasizing the need for reliable and userfriendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection.In addition,examines key strategies for designing glucose sensors that are multi-functional,reliable,and cost-effective in a variety of contexts.The unique features of effective diabetes management technology are highlighted,with a focus on using nano/biosensor devices that can quickly and accurately detect glucose levels in the blood,improving patient treatment and control of potential diabetes-related infections.The potential of next-generation wearable and touch-sensitive nano biomedical sensor engineering designs for providing full control in assessing implantable,continuous glucose monitoring is also explored.The challenges of standardizing drug or insulin delivery doses,low-cost,real-time detection of increased blood sugar levels in diabetics,and early digital health awareness controls for the adverse effects of injectable medication are identified as unmet needs.Also,the market for biosensors is expected to expand significantly due to the rising need for portable diagnostic equipment and an ever-increasing diabetic population.The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for further research and development of glucose biosensors to meet the stringent requirements for sensitivity and specificity imposed by clinical diagnostics while being cost-effective,stable,and durable.展开更多
The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer...The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus is a common and serious metabolic disease globally,characterized by increased blood glucose levels.The major pathogenesis is the functional impairment of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas ...Diabetes mellitus is a common and serious metabolic disease globally,characterized by increased blood glucose levels.The major pathogenesis is the functional impairment of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and the lack of insulin secretion.Although both type 1 and type 2 diabetes develop through distinct pathological mechanisms,they lead to the destruction and/or dysfunction of beta cells,resulting in inadequate beta cell mass to maintain normal blood glucose levels.For this reason,therapeutic agents capable of inducing beta cell proliferation can be considered a possible approach to restore beta cell abundance and treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Although several methods have been found to promote the replication of beta cells in animal models or cell lines,it is still challenging to promote the effective proliferation of beta cells in humans.This review highlights the different agents and mechanisms that facilitate pancreatic beta cell regeneration.Numerous small molecules have been discovered to influence beta cell proliferation,primarily by targeting cellular pathways such as DYRK1A,adenosine kinase,SIK,and glucokinase.Additionally,receptors for TGF-β,EGF,insulin,glucagon,GLP-1,SGLT2 inhibitors,and prolactin play critical roles in this process.Stem cell-based clinical trials are also underway to assess the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapies for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.We have emphasized alternative therapeutic pathways and related strategies that may be employed to promote the regeneration of pancreatic beta cells.The knowledge raised within this review may help to understand the potential drug-inducible targets for beta cell regeneration and pave the way for further investigations.展开更多
Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have rapidly developed into a transformative energy harvesting technology,enabling self-powered,sustainable electronic systems.This review offers the first comprehensive,multidiscipl...Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have rapidly developed into a transformative energy harvesting technology,enabling self-powered,sustainable electronic systems.This review offers the first comprehensive,multidisciplinary perspective that connects the physics of triboelectric charge transfer with material innovation,device engineering,and real-world applications.We systematically categorize and measure the triboelectric series across a wide range of materials,including polymers,2D materials,MOFs,perovskites,cellulose,and biodegradable frameworks,using experimentally validated methods.In addition to traditional approaches,this work highlights emerging strategies such as machine learning-guided material discovery,3D printing,and advanced structural engineering to improve charge retention,durability,and power output.Unlike existing reviews,it uniquely combines theory and application insights,presents diverse uses from biomedical sensing and environmental monitoring to underwater communication and mechanoluminescence,and outlines a forward-looking plan for sustainable energy harvesting.This comprehensive synthesis serves as an essential resource for researchers and technologists designing next-generation TENGs and multifunctional self-powered devices.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)MXene structure,versatile surface reactivity,flexibility,wearability,and outstanding thermal attributes make them highly suitable for numerous applications.This comprehensive review based on MXenes ...Two-dimensional(2D)MXene structure,versatile surface reactivity,flexibility,wearability,and outstanding thermal attributes make them highly suitable for numerous applications.This comprehensive review based on MXenes delves into the potential uses of fewer assessed applications,such as materials,solar thermal desalination,energy harvesting,electrochemical sensing,environmental remediation,and removal of heavy metal ions.Several industries associated with the summarized applications include hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems,energy storage,energy conversion,soft electronics,and other industries.Further,the review underscores the importance and future guidance of continued research in the MXene field to harness the potential benefits of not only summarized applications but also diverse applications.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors(ZIHCs),as an up-and-comer aqueous electrochemical energy storage system,endure in their infancy because of the substandard reversibility of Zn anodes,structural deterior...Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors(ZIHCs),as an up-and-comer aqueous electrochemical energy storage system,endure in their infancy because of the substandard reversibility of Zn anodes,structural deterioration of cathode materials,and narrow electrochemical stability window.Herein,a scalable approach is described that addresses Zn-anode/electrolyte interface and cathode materials associated deficiencies and boosts the electrochemical properties of ZIHCs.The Zn-anode/electrolyte interface is self-regulated by alteration of the traditional Zn2+electrolyte with Na-based supporting salt without surrendering the cost,safety,and green features of the Zn-based system which further validates the excellent reversibility over 1100 h with suppressed hydrogen evolution.The deficits of cathode materials were overcome by using a high-mass loaded,oxygen-rich,3D,multiscaled graphene-like carbon(3D MGC)cathode.Due to the multiscaled texture,high electronic conductivity,and oxygen-rich functional groups of 3D MGC,reversible redox capacitance was obtained with a traditional adsorption/desorption mechanism.Prototype ZIHCs containing the modified electrolyte and an oxygen-rich 3D MGC cathode resulted in battery-like specific energy(203 Wh kg1 at 1.6 A g^(-1))and supercapacitor-type power capability(4.9 kW kg1 at 8 A g^(-1))with outstanding cycling durability(96.75%retention over 30000 cycles at 10 A g^(-1)).These findings pave the way toward the utilization of highly efficient ZIHCs for practical applications.展开更多
MXenes,a burgeoning class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides,have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties and versatile ...MXenes,a burgeoning class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides,have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties and versatile surface chemistry.This review comprehensively examines the biocompatibility and immunomodulatory behavior of MXenes,with a particular emphasis on their potential in drug delivery systems.We elucidate the critical aspects of MXene-protein interactions,including protein corona formation,cellular uptake pathways,and the influence of surface functionalization on biological interfaces.Special attention is given to the immunological profile of MXenes,exploring their immunogenic potential and immunomodulatory capabilities within therapeutic contexts.Furthermore,we assess the viability of MXenes as nanocarriers for drugs and bioactive compounds,analyzing a wide array of functionalization strategies and stimuli-responsive release mechanisms aimed at enhancing therapeutic efficacy.Despite their immense potential,challenges such as long-term stability,cytotoxicity,and clinical translatability persist.We conclude by outlining these limitations and proposing strategic avenues for future research.This review serves as a vital resource for researchers at the intersection of materials science and biomedicine,particularly those advancing next-generation,two-dimensional nanomaterialbased drug delivery platforms.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (No.2022M3J7A1062940,2021R1A5A6002853,and 2021R1A2C3011585)supported by the Technology Innovation Program (20015577)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy (MOTIE,Korea)。
文摘This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies,emphasizing the need for reliable and userfriendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection.In addition,examines key strategies for designing glucose sensors that are multi-functional,reliable,and cost-effective in a variety of contexts.The unique features of effective diabetes management technology are highlighted,with a focus on using nano/biosensor devices that can quickly and accurately detect glucose levels in the blood,improving patient treatment and control of potential diabetes-related infections.The potential of next-generation wearable and touch-sensitive nano biomedical sensor engineering designs for providing full control in assessing implantable,continuous glucose monitoring is also explored.The challenges of standardizing drug or insulin delivery doses,low-cost,real-time detection of increased blood sugar levels in diabetics,and early digital health awareness controls for the adverse effects of injectable medication are identified as unmet needs.Also,the market for biosensors is expected to expand significantly due to the rising need for portable diagnostic equipment and an ever-increasing diabetic population.The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for further research and development of glucose biosensors to meet the stringent requirements for sensitivity and specificity imposed by clinical diagnostics while being cost-effective,stable,and durable.
文摘The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.
文摘Diabetes mellitus is a common and serious metabolic disease globally,characterized by increased blood glucose levels.The major pathogenesis is the functional impairment of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and the lack of insulin secretion.Although both type 1 and type 2 diabetes develop through distinct pathological mechanisms,they lead to the destruction and/or dysfunction of beta cells,resulting in inadequate beta cell mass to maintain normal blood glucose levels.For this reason,therapeutic agents capable of inducing beta cell proliferation can be considered a possible approach to restore beta cell abundance and treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Although several methods have been found to promote the replication of beta cells in animal models or cell lines,it is still challenging to promote the effective proliferation of beta cells in humans.This review highlights the different agents and mechanisms that facilitate pancreatic beta cell regeneration.Numerous small molecules have been discovered to influence beta cell proliferation,primarily by targeting cellular pathways such as DYRK1A,adenosine kinase,SIK,and glucokinase.Additionally,receptors for TGF-β,EGF,insulin,glucagon,GLP-1,SGLT2 inhibitors,and prolactin play critical roles in this process.Stem cell-based clinical trials are also underway to assess the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapies for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.We have emphasized alternative therapeutic pathways and related strategies that may be employed to promote the regeneration of pancreatic beta cells.The knowledge raised within this review may help to understand the potential drug-inducible targets for beta cell regeneration and pave the way for further investigations.
基金HJK acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation of Korea,funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea(RS-2024-00346135,RS-2024-00406674)supported by the InnoCORE program of the Ministry of Science and ICT(25-InnoCORE-01)+4 种基金supported by Silesian University of Technology(Gliwice,Poland)through the statutory research grants No.BK-227/RM4/2025(11/040/BK_25/0040),BK-208/RIF1/2025,statutory research project for young scientists BKM-748/RM4/2024(11/040/BKM24/0038)and pro-quality Rector's grant No.14/010/RGJ25/0018funded by the Korea government(MOTIE)(RS-2024-00420434)funded by National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok(Project no.KMUTNB-FF-68-B-28)supported by King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang under Grant No.2569-02-05-001.
文摘Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have rapidly developed into a transformative energy harvesting technology,enabling self-powered,sustainable electronic systems.This review offers the first comprehensive,multidisciplinary perspective that connects the physics of triboelectric charge transfer with material innovation,device engineering,and real-world applications.We systematically categorize and measure the triboelectric series across a wide range of materials,including polymers,2D materials,MOFs,perovskites,cellulose,and biodegradable frameworks,using experimentally validated methods.In addition to traditional approaches,this work highlights emerging strategies such as machine learning-guided material discovery,3D printing,and advanced structural engineering to improve charge retention,durability,and power output.Unlike existing reviews,it uniquely combines theory and application insights,presents diverse uses from biomedical sensing and environmental monitoring to underwater communication and mechanoluminescence,and outlines a forward-looking plan for sustainable energy harvesting.This comprehensive synthesis serves as an essential resource for researchers and technologists designing next-generation TENGs and multifunctional self-powered devices.
基金supported by the Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission(GHP/247/22GD).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)MXene structure,versatile surface reactivity,flexibility,wearability,and outstanding thermal attributes make them highly suitable for numerous applications.This comprehensive review based on MXenes delves into the potential uses of fewer assessed applications,such as materials,solar thermal desalination,energy harvesting,electrochemical sensing,environmental remediation,and removal of heavy metal ions.Several industries associated with the summarized applications include hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems,energy storage,energy conversion,soft electronics,and other industries.Further,the review underscores the importance and future guidance of continued research in the MXene field to harness the potential benefits of not only summarized applications but also diverse applications.
基金the National Research Foundation of South Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(2020R1A4A3079710and 2022M3J7A106294).DeepakP.Dubal acknowledges QUT's start-upgrant—323000-0424/07and financial support from Centre for Materials Science and Centre for Waste Free World,QUT,Australia.
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors(ZIHCs),as an up-and-comer aqueous electrochemical energy storage system,endure in their infancy because of the substandard reversibility of Zn anodes,structural deterioration of cathode materials,and narrow electrochemical stability window.Herein,a scalable approach is described that addresses Zn-anode/electrolyte interface and cathode materials associated deficiencies and boosts the electrochemical properties of ZIHCs.The Zn-anode/electrolyte interface is self-regulated by alteration of the traditional Zn2+electrolyte with Na-based supporting salt without surrendering the cost,safety,and green features of the Zn-based system which further validates the excellent reversibility over 1100 h with suppressed hydrogen evolution.The deficits of cathode materials were overcome by using a high-mass loaded,oxygen-rich,3D,multiscaled graphene-like carbon(3D MGC)cathode.Due to the multiscaled texture,high electronic conductivity,and oxygen-rich functional groups of 3D MGC,reversible redox capacitance was obtained with a traditional adsorption/desorption mechanism.Prototype ZIHCs containing the modified electrolyte and an oxygen-rich 3D MGC cathode resulted in battery-like specific energy(203 Wh kg1 at 1.6 A g^(-1))and supercapacitor-type power capability(4.9 kW kg1 at 8 A g^(-1))with outstanding cycling durability(96.75%retention over 30000 cycles at 10 A g^(-1)).These findings pave the way toward the utilization of highly efficient ZIHCs for practical applications.
基金supported by the Brain Pool Program(RS-2025-25404986)the Basic Science Research Program(RS-2024-00406723)through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planningsupported by the Korea Environmental Industry&Technology Institute(KEITI),funded by the Ministry of Environment(MOE)of the Republic of Korea(No.2022002980004).
文摘MXenes,a burgeoning class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides,have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties and versatile surface chemistry.This review comprehensively examines the biocompatibility and immunomodulatory behavior of MXenes,with a particular emphasis on their potential in drug delivery systems.We elucidate the critical aspects of MXene-protein interactions,including protein corona formation,cellular uptake pathways,and the influence of surface functionalization on biological interfaces.Special attention is given to the immunological profile of MXenes,exploring their immunogenic potential and immunomodulatory capabilities within therapeutic contexts.Furthermore,we assess the viability of MXenes as nanocarriers for drugs and bioactive compounds,analyzing a wide array of functionalization strategies and stimuli-responsive release mechanisms aimed at enhancing therapeutic efficacy.Despite their immense potential,challenges such as long-term stability,cytotoxicity,and clinical translatability persist.We conclude by outlining these limitations and proposing strategic avenues for future research.This review serves as a vital resource for researchers at the intersection of materials science and biomedicine,particularly those advancing next-generation,two-dimensional nanomaterialbased drug delivery platforms.
