This research investigates the use of biochar derived from agricultural waste as a support material for Fe-based(Fe-Co-K)catalysts,with and without Zn,in CO and CO_(2)hydrogenation,benchmarking its performance against...This research investigates the use of biochar derived from agricultural waste as a support material for Fe-based(Fe-Co-K)catalysts,with and without Zn,in CO and CO_(2)hydrogenation,benchmarking its performance against commercial activated carbon.Under semi-industrial Fischer-Tropsch conditions,biochar-supported catalysts,particularly the Zn-enhanced variant(ZFCK@C),delivered superior catalytic outcomes.The catalysts were prepared using ultrasound-assisted dissolution and incipient wetness methods and characterized using FTIR,XRD,BET,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD,XPS,and TEM.In CO hydrogenation at 340◦C and 20 bar,ZFCK@C achieved a remarkable 97%conversion,with 32%longer hydrocarbons selectivity(C_(5+)),39.6%olefins distribution(C_(5+)),an O/P ratio of 4.0,and 45.3%gasoline-range(C_(5)-C_(12))hydrocarbons distribution.For CO_(2)hydrogenation at 340◦C and 30 bar,the catalyst showed 40%conversion,low CH_(4)selectivity(6.1%),high C_(5+)selectivity(45%),38.7%olefins distribution(C_(5+)),an O/P ratio of 3.2,and 45.3%kerosene-range(C6-C16)hydrocarbons dis-tribution.Stability testing over 100 h demonstrated excellent durability with no significant deactivation or sintering,making the catalyst viable for extended industrial use.展开更多
文摘This research investigates the use of biochar derived from agricultural waste as a support material for Fe-based(Fe-Co-K)catalysts,with and without Zn,in CO and CO_(2)hydrogenation,benchmarking its performance against commercial activated carbon.Under semi-industrial Fischer-Tropsch conditions,biochar-supported catalysts,particularly the Zn-enhanced variant(ZFCK@C),delivered superior catalytic outcomes.The catalysts were prepared using ultrasound-assisted dissolution and incipient wetness methods and characterized using FTIR,XRD,BET,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD,XPS,and TEM.In CO hydrogenation at 340◦C and 20 bar,ZFCK@C achieved a remarkable 97%conversion,with 32%longer hydrocarbons selectivity(C_(5+)),39.6%olefins distribution(C_(5+)),an O/P ratio of 4.0,and 45.3%gasoline-range(C_(5)-C_(12))hydrocarbons distribution.For CO_(2)hydrogenation at 340◦C and 30 bar,the catalyst showed 40%conversion,low CH_(4)selectivity(6.1%),high C_(5+)selectivity(45%),38.7%olefins distribution(C_(5+)),an O/P ratio of 3.2,and 45.3%kerosene-range(C6-C16)hydrocarbons dis-tribution.Stability testing over 100 h demonstrated excellent durability with no significant deactivation or sintering,making the catalyst viable for extended industrial use.
