Gli Autori trattano in questa nota alcune specie di Calathus dell’area Mediterranea; talegruppo comprende C. libanensis s. 1., C. oertzeni, C. acuticollis, C. casalei, C. opacus, C. granatensise C. reflxus. Tale grup...Gli Autori trattano in questa nota alcune specie di Calathus dell’area Mediterranea; talegruppo comprende C. libanensis s. 1., C. oertzeni, C. acuticollis, C. casalei, C. opacus, C. granatensise C. reflxus. Tale gruppo sembra mostrare una certa affinità con alcune specie delle isole atlantichee con il gruppo di C. arcuatus, a distribuzione nella regione pontica. C. pluriseriatus viene considerato sottospecie di C. libanensis a causa della grande affinità e dell’allo-patria con questo. Vengono inoltre descritti i maschi, finora sconosciuti, di C. oertzeni, C. reflexus eC. acuticollis e vengono fornite le illustrazioni dell’edeago di tutte le specie. Infine viene data una tabelladi determinazione per le specie di questo gruppo. Studies on some Calathus Bonelli from the Mediterranean region (Coleoptera Carabidae).The Authors consider some species of Calathus from the Mediterranean region: C. libanensis s. 1., C.oertzeni, C. acuticollis, C. casalei, C. opacus, C. granatensis and C. reflexus. This group seems to showaffinities with some species from the Atlantic islands and with the group of C. arcuatus, from the ponticregion. C. pluriseriatus is considered as a subspecies of C. libanensis because of their great affinity andallopatry. The males of C. oertzeni, C. reflexus and C. acuticollis previously unknown are describedand their aedeagus figured. A key to all the species concludes the article.展开更多
Waste biomass is always generated during the production process in industries. The ordinary way to get rid of the waste biomass is to send them to landfill or burn it in the open field. The waste may potentially be us...Waste biomass is always generated during the production process in industries. The ordinary way to get rid of the waste biomass is to send them to landfill or burn it in the open field. The waste may potentially be used for co-firing with coal to save fossil fuel consumption and also reduce net carbon emissions. In this case study, the bio-waste from a Nicotiana Tahacum （NT） pre-treatment plant is used as the biomass to co-fire with coal. The samples of NT wastes were analysed. It was found that the wastes were of the relatively high energy content which were suitable for co-firing with coal. To investigate the potential and benefits for adding NT wastes to a Fluidised Bed Combustion （FBC） boiler in the plant, detailed modelling and simulation are carried out using the European Coal Liquefaction Process Simulation and Evaluation （ECLIPSE） process simulation package. The feedstock blending ratios of NT waste to coal studied in this work are varied from 0% to 30%. The results show that the addition of NT wastes may decrease the emissions of CO2 and SOx without reducing the boiler performance.展开更多
Nanostructured catalyst-integrated electrodes with remarkably reduced catalyst loadings,high catalyst utilization and facile fabrication are urgently needed to enable cost-effective,green hydrogen production via proto...Nanostructured catalyst-integrated electrodes with remarkably reduced catalyst loadings,high catalyst utilization and facile fabrication are urgently needed to enable cost-effective,green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs).Herein,benefitting from a thin seeding layer,bottom-up grown ultrathin Pt nanosheets(Pt-NSs)were first deposited on thin Ti substrates for PEMECs via a fast,template-and surfactant-free electrochemical growth process at room temperature,showing highly uniform Pt surface coverage with ultralow loadings and vertically well-aligned nanosheet morphologies.Combined with an anode-only Nafion 117 catalyst-coated membrane(CCM),the Pt-NS electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.015 mgPt cm−2 demonstrates superior cell performance to the commercial CCM(3.0 mgPt cm^(−2)),achieving 99.5%catalyst savings and more than 237-fold higher catalyst utilization.The remarkable performance with high catalyst utilization is mainly due to the vertically well-aligned ultrathin nanosheets with good surface coverage exposing abundant active sites for the electrochemical reaction.Overall,this study not only paves a new way for optimizing the catalyst uniformity and surface coverage with ultralow loadings but also provides new insights into nanostructured electrode design and facile fabrication for highly efficient and low-cost PEMECs and other energy storage/conversion devices.展开更多
Herein,ionomer-free amorphous iridium oxide(IrO_(x))thin electrodes are first developed as highly active anodes for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs)via low-cost,environmentally friendly,and easily s...Herein,ionomer-free amorphous iridium oxide(IrO_(x))thin electrodes are first developed as highly active anodes for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs)via low-cost,environmentally friendly,and easily scalable electrodeposition at room temperature.Combined with a Nafion 117 membrane,the IrO_(x)-integrated electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.075 mg cm^(-2)delivers a high cell efficiency of about 90%,achieving more than 96%catalyst savings and 42-fold higher catalyst utilization compared to commercial catalyst-coated membrane(2 mg cm^(-2)).Additionally,the IrO_(x)electrode demonstrates superior performance,higher catalyst utilization and significantly simplified fabrication with easy scalability compared with the most previously reported anodes.Notably,the remarkable performance could be mainly due to the amorphous phase property,sufficient Ir^(3+)content,and rich surface hydroxide groups in catalysts.Overall,due to the high activity,high cell efficiency,an economical,greatly simplified and easily scalable fabrication process,and ultrahigh material utilization,the IrO_(x)electrode shows great potential to be applied in industry and accelerates the commercialization of PEMECs and renewable energy evolution.展开更多
This study aims to investigate the feasibility of forming iron aluminide coatings on a commercial 9Cr-lMo (wt.%) alloy steel by pack cementation at 650 °C in an attempt to improve its high temperature oxidation r...This study aims to investigate the feasibility of forming iron aluminide coatings on a commercial 9Cr-lMo (wt.%) alloy steel by pack cementation at 650 °C in an attempt to improve its high temperature oxidation resistance. Pack powders containing Al, A12O3 and a series of halide salts were used to carry out the coating deposition experiments, which enabled identification of the most suitable activator for the pack aluminising process at the intended temperature. The effect of pack aluminium content on the growth kinetics and microstructure of the coatings was then studied by keeping deposition conditions and pack activator content constant while increasing the pack aluminium content from 1.4 wt.% to 6 wt.%. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to analyse the phases and microstructures of the coatings formed and to determine depth profiles of coating elements in the coating layer. Oxidation resistance of the coating was studied at 650 °C in air by intermittent weight measurement at room temperature. It was observed that the coating could substantially enhance the oxidation resistance of the steel under these testing conditions, which was attributed to the capability of the iron aluminide phases to form alumina scale on the coating surface through preferential Al oxidation.展开更多
Electronic and magnetic structures of zinc blende ZnO doped with V impurities are studied by first-principles calculations based on the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker （KKR） method combined with the coherent potential approx...Electronic and magnetic structures of zinc blende ZnO doped with V impurities are studied by first-principles calculations based on the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker （KKR） method combined with the coherent potential approximation （CPA）. Calculations for the substitution of O by N or P are performed and the magnetic moment is found to be sensitive to the N or P content. Furthermore, the system exhibits a half-metallic band structure accompanied by the broadening of vanadium bands. The mechanism responsible for ferromagnetism is also discussed and the stability of the ferromagnetic state compared with that of the paramagnetic state is systematically investigated by calculating the total energy difference between them by using supercell method.展开更多
Globalized cultures,imaginaries,and economies are often matched to the standardization of building approaches.However,solutions that are not tailored for a specific context tend to entail environmental,economic,and so...Globalized cultures,imaginaries,and economies are often matched to the standardization of building approaches.However,solutions that are not tailored for a specific context tend to entail environmental,economic,and social issues.Throughout human history,vernacular wisdom has produced interesting low-energy and climate-responsive architectures all around the globe:These can be seen as interesting examples in an era of global warming and overall uncertainty;at the same time,they represent accessible sustainable solutions in deprived areas of the world as well as in wealthier areas.The experience of participatory design and building process is here presented,carried on in a rural area of El Salvador,Central America.A sanitary facility for a school is designed and realized after the collectively desired recovery and improvement of one of the fruits of local vernacular wisdom in building design,i.e.,the adobe earth brick.Some potentials and limits of such experience as well as of the used technology are reviewed in the perspective of affordable and ecologically sustainable housing and settlements in the area.展开更多
Superior canal dehiscence syndrome is a newly recognized syndrome characterize d by vertigo and nystagmus induced by sound (Tullio phenomenon) or changes of mi ddle ear (Hennebert sign) or intracranial pressure. We re...Superior canal dehiscence syndrome is a newly recognized syndrome characterize d by vertigo and nystagmus induced by sound (Tullio phenomenon) or changes of mi ddle ear (Hennebert sign) or intracranial pressure. We report on a patient with bilateral superior canal dehiscence syndrome who presented with unusual manifest ations including pulse synchronous vertical pendular nystagmus and Valsalva in duced, up and counterclockwise beating jerk nystagmus. These unusual symptoms m ay be a clue to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Abnormal communication between the inner ears and the intra cranial space may explain the vertical pendular and pulse synchronous nystagmus , modulated by increased intracranial pressure.展开更多
Seeking the strategies of designing highly conductive molecular structures is one of the core researches in molecular electronics.As asymmetric structure has manifested feasible properties in comprehensive fields, we ...Seeking the strategies of designing highly conductive molecular structures is one of the core researches in molecular electronics.As asymmetric structure has manifested feasible properties in comprehensive fields, we introduce the structures of asymmetric platinum(Ⅱ) complexes into the charge transport study at single-molecule scale for the first time. The single-molecule conductance measurement results reveal that, in platinum(Ⅱ)-aryloligoynyl structures, the conductance of asymmetrically coordinated complexes is obviously higher than that of the symmetric isomers with the same molecular length, while the conductance is almost identical in symmetric and asymmetric platinum(Ⅱ)-oligoynyl complexes. Theoretical study uncovers that, upon connecting to the oligoynyl structure, the aromatic group effectively extends the π-system of the whole conductive backbone and gathers the HOMO population mainly on the longer oligoynyl ligand, which reduces the energy barrier in electron transport and enhances the conductance through HOMO energy lifting. This result provides feasible strategy for achieving high conductive molecular devices.展开更多
文摘Gli Autori trattano in questa nota alcune specie di Calathus dell’area Mediterranea; talegruppo comprende C. libanensis s. 1., C. oertzeni, C. acuticollis, C. casalei, C. opacus, C. granatensise C. reflxus. Tale gruppo sembra mostrare una certa affinità con alcune specie delle isole atlantichee con il gruppo di C. arcuatus, a distribuzione nella regione pontica. C. pluriseriatus viene considerato sottospecie di C. libanensis a causa della grande affinità e dell’allo-patria con questo. Vengono inoltre descritti i maschi, finora sconosciuti, di C. oertzeni, C. reflexus eC. acuticollis e vengono fornite le illustrazioni dell’edeago di tutte le specie. Infine viene data una tabelladi determinazione per le specie di questo gruppo. Studies on some Calathus Bonelli from the Mediterranean region (Coleoptera Carabidae).The Authors consider some species of Calathus from the Mediterranean region: C. libanensis s. 1., C.oertzeni, C. acuticollis, C. casalei, C. opacus, C. granatensis and C. reflexus. This group seems to showaffinities with some species from the Atlantic islands and with the group of C. arcuatus, from the ponticregion. C. pluriseriatus is considered as a subspecies of C. libanensis because of their great affinity andallopatry. The males of C. oertzeni, C. reflexus and C. acuticollis previously unknown are describedand their aedeagus figured. A key to all the species concludes the article.
基金supported by a joint UK-China research program funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council of the UK and the international collaboration funding from Guizhou Science and Technology Department(No.Qian-Ke-He-Wai G[2009]700110)
文摘Waste biomass is always generated during the production process in industries. The ordinary way to get rid of the waste biomass is to send them to landfill or burn it in the open field. The waste may potentially be used for co-firing with coal to save fossil fuel consumption and also reduce net carbon emissions. In this case study, the bio-waste from a Nicotiana Tahacum （NT） pre-treatment plant is used as the biomass to co-fire with coal. The samples of NT wastes were analysed. It was found that the wastes were of the relatively high energy content which were suitable for co-firing with coal. To investigate the potential and benefits for adding NT wastes to a Fluidised Bed Combustion （FBC） boiler in the plant, detailed modelling and simulation are carried out using the European Coal Liquefaction Process Simulation and Evaluation （ECLIPSE） process simulation package. The feedstock blending ratios of NT waste to coal studied in this work are varied from 0% to 30%. The results show that the addition of NT wastes may decrease the emissions of CO2 and SOx without reducing the boiler performance.
基金The authors greatly appreciate the support from the U.S.Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy(EERE)under the Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office Awards DE-EE0008426 and DE-EE0008423National Energy Technology Laboratory under Award DEFE0011585.
文摘Nanostructured catalyst-integrated electrodes with remarkably reduced catalyst loadings,high catalyst utilization and facile fabrication are urgently needed to enable cost-effective,green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs).Herein,benefitting from a thin seeding layer,bottom-up grown ultrathin Pt nanosheets(Pt-NSs)were first deposited on thin Ti substrates for PEMECs via a fast,template-and surfactant-free electrochemical growth process at room temperature,showing highly uniform Pt surface coverage with ultralow loadings and vertically well-aligned nanosheet morphologies.Combined with an anode-only Nafion 117 catalyst-coated membrane(CCM),the Pt-NS electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.015 mgPt cm−2 demonstrates superior cell performance to the commercial CCM(3.0 mgPt cm^(−2)),achieving 99.5%catalyst savings and more than 237-fold higher catalyst utilization.The remarkable performance with high catalyst utilization is mainly due to the vertically well-aligned ultrathin nanosheets with good surface coverage exposing abundant active sites for the electrochemical reaction.Overall,this study not only paves a new way for optimizing the catalyst uniformity and surface coverage with ultralow loadings but also provides new insights into nanostructured electrode design and facile fabrication for highly efficient and low-cost PEMECs and other energy storage/conversion devices.
基金the support from the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under the Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office Awards DE-EE0008426 and DE-EE0008423National Energy Technology Laboratory under Award DEFE0011585.
文摘Herein,ionomer-free amorphous iridium oxide(IrO_(x))thin electrodes are first developed as highly active anodes for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs)via low-cost,environmentally friendly,and easily scalable electrodeposition at room temperature.Combined with a Nafion 117 membrane,the IrO_(x)-integrated electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.075 mg cm^(-2)delivers a high cell efficiency of about 90%,achieving more than 96%catalyst savings and 42-fold higher catalyst utilization compared to commercial catalyst-coated membrane(2 mg cm^(-2)).Additionally,the IrO_(x)electrode demonstrates superior performance,higher catalyst utilization and significantly simplified fabrication with easy scalability compared with the most previously reported anodes.Notably,the remarkable performance could be mainly due to the amorphous phase property,sufficient Ir^(3+)content,and rich surface hydroxide groups in catalysts.Overall,due to the high activity,high cell efficiency,an economical,greatly simplified and easily scalable fabrication process,and ultrahigh material utilization,the IrO_(x)electrode shows great potential to be applied in industry and accelerates the commercialization of PEMECs and renewable energy evolution.
基金The authors wish to thank the European Commission for funding this research under the SUPERCOAT programme contract ENK5-CT-2002-00608(SUPERCOAT).
文摘This study aims to investigate the feasibility of forming iron aluminide coatings on a commercial 9Cr-lMo (wt.%) alloy steel by pack cementation at 650 °C in an attempt to improve its high temperature oxidation resistance. Pack powders containing Al, A12O3 and a series of halide salts were used to carry out the coating deposition experiments, which enabled identification of the most suitable activator for the pack aluminising process at the intended temperature. The effect of pack aluminium content on the growth kinetics and microstructure of the coatings was then studied by keeping deposition conditions and pack activator content constant while increasing the pack aluminium content from 1.4 wt.% to 6 wt.%. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to analyse the phases and microstructures of the coatings formed and to determine depth profiles of coating elements in the coating layer. Oxidation resistance of the coating was studied at 650 °C in air by intermittent weight measurement at room temperature. It was observed that the coating could substantially enhance the oxidation resistance of the steel under these testing conditions, which was attributed to the capability of the iron aluminide phases to form alumina scale on the coating surface through preferential Al oxidation.
文摘Electronic and magnetic structures of zinc blende ZnO doped with V impurities are studied by first-principles calculations based on the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker （KKR） method combined with the coherent potential approximation （CPA）. Calculations for the substitution of O by N or P are performed and the magnetic moment is found to be sensitive to the N or P content. Furthermore, the system exhibits a half-metallic band structure accompanied by the broadening of vanadium bands. The mechanism responsible for ferromagnetism is also discussed and the stability of the ferromagnetic state compared with that of the paramagnetic state is systematically investigated by calculating the total energy difference between them by using supercell method.
文摘Globalized cultures,imaginaries,and economies are often matched to the standardization of building approaches.However,solutions that are not tailored for a specific context tend to entail environmental,economic,and social issues.Throughout human history,vernacular wisdom has produced interesting low-energy and climate-responsive architectures all around the globe:These can be seen as interesting examples in an era of global warming and overall uncertainty;at the same time,they represent accessible sustainable solutions in deprived areas of the world as well as in wealthier areas.The experience of participatory design and building process is here presented,carried on in a rural area of El Salvador,Central America.A sanitary facility for a school is designed and realized after the collectively desired recovery and improvement of one of the fruits of local vernacular wisdom in building design,i.e.,the adobe earth brick.Some potentials and limits of such experience as well as of the used technology are reviewed in the perspective of affordable and ecologically sustainable housing and settlements in the area.
文摘Superior canal dehiscence syndrome is a newly recognized syndrome characterize d by vertigo and nystagmus induced by sound (Tullio phenomenon) or changes of mi ddle ear (Hennebert sign) or intracranial pressure. We report on a patient with bilateral superior canal dehiscence syndrome who presented with unusual manifest ations including pulse synchronous vertical pendular nystagmus and Valsalva in duced, up and counterclockwise beating jerk nystagmus. These unusual symptoms m ay be a clue to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Abnormal communication between the inner ears and the intra cranial space may explain the vertical pendular and pulse synchronous nystagmus , modulated by increased intracranial pressure.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21601182,U1405252,21531008,21673195,21703188,31871877,21933012)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2014CB845603,2017YFA0204902)+1 种基金the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams,the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB20000000)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M622060).
文摘Seeking the strategies of designing highly conductive molecular structures is one of the core researches in molecular electronics.As asymmetric structure has manifested feasible properties in comprehensive fields, we introduce the structures of asymmetric platinum(Ⅱ) complexes into the charge transport study at single-molecule scale for the first time. The single-molecule conductance measurement results reveal that, in platinum(Ⅱ)-aryloligoynyl structures, the conductance of asymmetrically coordinated complexes is obviously higher than that of the symmetric isomers with the same molecular length, while the conductance is almost identical in symmetric and asymmetric platinum(Ⅱ)-oligoynyl complexes. Theoretical study uncovers that, upon connecting to the oligoynyl structure, the aromatic group effectively extends the π-system of the whole conductive backbone and gathers the HOMO population mainly on the longer oligoynyl ligand, which reduces the energy barrier in electron transport and enhances the conductance through HOMO energy lifting. This result provides feasible strategy for achieving high conductive molecular devices.
