We present results from one of a set of studies run in the early 2000＇s, which looked at weak signals in terms of what consumers wanted. That study, on milk, revealed four distinct mind-sets, groups of respondents wh...We present results from one of a set of studies run in the early 2000＇s, which looked at weak signals in terms of what consumers wanted. That study, on milk, revealed four distinct mind-sets, groups of respondents who thought alike. These are： S1 Traditional ＋ Health, S2 Traditional ＋ Healthful Ingredients, $3 Traditional ＋ Indulgent, S4 Listens to Authority, respectively. At that time the focus on foods as the source of health and wellness was just beginning. We show how to discover hitherto new, unexpected mind-sets of respondents, using experimental design of messaging, coupled with deconstruction of these messages by regression, and followed by clustering. We suggest that this approach to messaging consumers using experimental design provides a powerful method to uncover emerging mind-sets in the consumer population.展开更多
Zhan Ruoshui developed a complete theoretical system on the cultivation of the mind and human nature.In his works,such as Illustration of the Mind and Human Nature and Harmonious Conversations,Zhan expounded on the me...Zhan Ruoshui developed a complete theoretical system on the cultivation of the mind and human nature.In his works,such as Illustration of the Mind and Human Nature and Harmonious Conversations,Zhan expounded on the meaning of the mind,comprehensively considering its essence,its relations,its goodness and evil,and its purification.Based on Zhan's theory of mind,the Ganquan Doctrine is mainly concerned with bringing about a civilized mindset.In our current social ecology,where the minds of the people have become distorted,polluted,and injured,the Ganquan Doctrine has practical significance for civilizing the contemporary mindset.展开更多
The high rates of depression,burnout,and increased risk of suicide among medical students,residents,and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our profession.We contend that t...The high rates of depression,burnout,and increased risk of suicide among medical students,residents,and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our profession.We contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of individuals.Additionally,we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital,such as resilience,flexibility of mind,and learning skills,while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy,compassion,self-awareness,conflict resolution,and relational abilities.Importantly,the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years,and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their curricula.While we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field,we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum,spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.展开更多
Nutritional fads in the health and fitness world are constantly changing. Each new craze has its believers and critics. For the consumer, “what to believe” becomes a topic filled with uncertainty. This paper present...Nutritional fads in the health and fitness world are constantly changing. Each new craze has its believers and critics. For the consumer, “what to believe” becomes a topic filled with uncertainty. This paper presents a systematic approach to understanding what consumers believe about the health messaging of “raw beverages”. The paper presents both substantive results from US consumers, as well as demonstrates a general approach by which researchers can more deeply understand the consumer mind with respect to the specifics of health and wellness issues.展开更多
A key pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is that lysosomes are overwhelmed with cellular materials that need to be degraded and cleared.While the build-up of protein is characteristic of neurodegenerative...A key pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is that lysosomes are overwhelmed with cellular materials that need to be degraded and cleared.While the build-up of protein is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases such as PD and Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and is thought to reflect lysosome dysfunction,lipid accumulation may also contribute to and be indicative of severe lysosomal dysfunction.Much is known about the detrimental effects of glucosylceramide accumulation in PD lysosomes.展开更多
The organization of biological neuronal networks into functional modules has intrigued scientists and inspired engineers to develop artificial systems.These networks are characterized by two key properties.First,they ...The organization of biological neuronal networks into functional modules has intrigued scientists and inspired engineers to develop artificial systems.These networks are characterized by two key properties.First,they exhibit dense interconnectivity(Braitenburg and Schüz,1998;Campagnola et al.,2022).The strength and probability of connectivity depend on cell type,inter-neuronal distance,and species.Still,every cortical neuron receives input from thousands of other neurons while transmitting output to a similar number of neurons.Second,communication between neurons occurs primarily via chemical or electrical synapses.展开更多
Objective:This study examined whether a 4-week group-based mindfulness intervention would be superior in reducing psychological distress in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients compared to a psychoeducation and cognitive be...Objective:This study examined whether a 4-week group-based mindfulness intervention would be superior in reducing psychological distress in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients compared to a psychoeducation and cognitive behavioural skills learning support active control group.Methods:Patients with CRC were randomized via Computerised Permuted Block Randomisation to mindfulness or active control groups(2-h weekly sessions over 4 weeks).Outcomes were measured pre-intervention,and 8 weeks and 6 months post-baseline.The primary outcome was psychological distress measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Secondary outcomes were generic quality of life(QoL),disease specific QoL,mindfulness,and intervention credibility and acceptability.Results:Sixty-eight participants were randomized to mindfulness(n=35)or active control group(n=33).Uptake of potentially eligible patients consenting was low(28.0%)and the dropout rate was 33.8%.Depression scores were reduced in both groups at week 8(P=0.020).Control participants had greater improvement in generic mental QoL scores at week 8 than mindfulness(P=0.023).In disease specific QoL,there was reduction in impotence symptom in the mindfulness group(P=0.022)and reduction in faecal incontinence in the control group(P=0.019).The embarrassment symptom had a significantly lower increase in the mindfulness group at week 8 compared to the control group(P=0.009).Both groups rated the treatments as credible and acceptable.Conclusions:Mindfulness was not superior to the active control group in terms of alleviating psychological distress but both treatments were associated with some improvements in depression.There was low uptake of both interventions.(Trial registration number:ACTRN12616001033437)展开更多
Yu-Chuan Tsang(臧玉洤,1901-1964),styled Botan(伯潭),was an outstanding Chinese physiological psychologist,a comparative neuroscientist,and a neuroanatomist(Fig.1).He was a member of the First Council of the Chinese So...Yu-Chuan Tsang(臧玉洤,1901-1964),styled Botan(伯潭),was an outstanding Chinese physiological psychologist,a comparative neuroscientist,and a neuroanatomist(Fig.1).He was a member of the First Council of the Chinese Society for Anatomical Sciences,an executive member of the sec-ond,third,fourth and fifth councils,and the Chairman of the Third Council.He was one of the founders of neuroanatomy in modem China and the Beijing Medical College(now the Department of Medicine at Peking University).Neu-roanatomy is a discipline that consists of making observa-tions and making recordings.Moreover,there are different interdisciplinary subjects based on neuroscience,including cognitive science,neurobehavioral science,neuroengineer-ing,and psychology.Tsang's academic career followed an opposite direction,starting from psychology and turning to neuroanatomy,where he made remarkable achievements.展开更多
以Web of Science核心合集数据库中的SCI、SSCI和A&HCI引文索引收录的1991-2023年1433篇英文文献为研究样本,使用CiteSpace可视化工具分析了近30年关于他心研究的发文情况、研究热点、前沿与发展趋势。研究发现,欧美国家是他心研究...以Web of Science核心合集数据库中的SCI、SSCI和A&HCI引文索引收录的1991-2023年1433篇英文文献为研究样本,使用CiteSpace可视化工具分析了近30年关于他心研究的发文情况、研究热点、前沿与发展趋势。研究发现,欧美国家是他心研究的主要阵地;哲学与心理学是他心研究的主要领域。研究热点论题包括心智理论、镜像神经元系统、自闭症谱系障碍等,并呈现出对共享意向性、文化进化、直接社会感知、交互式机器人、贝叶斯脑等前沿问题的争论与探索。研究趋势总体呈现出在交叉学科、多元理论背景下认识论与方法论的转变。展开更多
There is an urgent need to identify new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease(AD). While new immunotherapies show promise, clinical benefit appears low, and side effects are high. A greater understanding of the dis...There is an urgent need to identify new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease(AD). While new immunotherapies show promise, clinical benefit appears low, and side effects are high. A greater understanding of the disease mechanisms driving AD is an essential factor that will facilitate the identification of new, effective drug targets.展开更多
文摘We present results from one of a set of studies run in the early 2000＇s, which looked at weak signals in terms of what consumers wanted. That study, on milk, revealed four distinct mind-sets, groups of respondents who thought alike. These are： S1 Traditional ＋ Health, S2 Traditional ＋ Healthful Ingredients, $3 Traditional ＋ Indulgent, S4 Listens to Authority, respectively. At that time the focus on foods as the source of health and wellness was just beginning. We show how to discover hitherto new, unexpected mind-sets of respondents, using experimental design of messaging, coupled with deconstruction of these messages by regression, and followed by clustering. We suggest that this approach to messaging consumers using experimental design provides a powerful method to uncover emerging mind-sets in the consumer population.
文摘Zhan Ruoshui developed a complete theoretical system on the cultivation of the mind and human nature.In his works,such as Illustration of the Mind and Human Nature and Harmonious Conversations,Zhan expounded on the meaning of the mind,comprehensively considering its essence,its relations,its goodness and evil,and its purification.Based on Zhan's theory of mind,the Ganquan Doctrine is mainly concerned with bringing about a civilized mindset.In our current social ecology,where the minds of the people have become distorted,polluted,and injured,the Ganquan Doctrine has practical significance for civilizing the contemporary mindset.
基金Supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq),No.312499/2022-1São Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP),No.2023/00823-9,and No.2023/01251-9.
文摘The high rates of depression,burnout,and increased risk of suicide among medical students,residents,and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our profession.We contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of individuals.Additionally,we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital,such as resilience,flexibility of mind,and learning skills,while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy,compassion,self-awareness,conflict resolution,and relational abilities.Importantly,the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years,and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their curricula.While we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field,we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum,spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.
文摘Nutritional fads in the health and fitness world are constantly changing. Each new craze has its believers and critics. For the consumer, “what to believe” becomes a topic filled with uncertainty. This paper presents a systematic approach to understanding what consumers believe about the health messaging of “raw beverages”. The paper presents both substantive results from US consumers, as well as demonstrates a general approach by which researchers can more deeply understand the consumer mind with respect to the specifics of health and wellness issues.
文摘A key pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is that lysosomes are overwhelmed with cellular materials that need to be degraded and cleared.While the build-up of protein is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases such as PD and Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and is thought to reflect lysosome dysfunction,lipid accumulation may also contribute to and be indicative of severe lysosomal dysfunction.Much is known about the detrimental effects of glucosylceramide accumulation in PD lysosomes.
基金supported in part by the Rosetrees Trust(#CF-2023-I-2_113)by the Israel Ministry of Innovation,Science,and Technology(#7393)(to ES).
文摘The organization of biological neuronal networks into functional modules has intrigued scientists and inspired engineers to develop artificial systems.These networks are characterized by two key properties.First,they exhibit dense interconnectivity(Braitenburg and Schüz,1998;Campagnola et al.,2022).The strength and probability of connectivity depend on cell type,inter-neuronal distance,and species.Still,every cortical neuron receives input from thousands of other neurons while transmitting output to a similar number of neurons.Second,communication between neurons occurs primarily via chemical or electrical synapses.
文摘Objective:This study examined whether a 4-week group-based mindfulness intervention would be superior in reducing psychological distress in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients compared to a psychoeducation and cognitive behavioural skills learning support active control group.Methods:Patients with CRC were randomized via Computerised Permuted Block Randomisation to mindfulness or active control groups(2-h weekly sessions over 4 weeks).Outcomes were measured pre-intervention,and 8 weeks and 6 months post-baseline.The primary outcome was psychological distress measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Secondary outcomes were generic quality of life(QoL),disease specific QoL,mindfulness,and intervention credibility and acceptability.Results:Sixty-eight participants were randomized to mindfulness(n=35)or active control group(n=33).Uptake of potentially eligible patients consenting was low(28.0%)and the dropout rate was 33.8%.Depression scores were reduced in both groups at week 8(P=0.020).Control participants had greater improvement in generic mental QoL scores at week 8 than mindfulness(P=0.023).In disease specific QoL,there was reduction in impotence symptom in the mindfulness group(P=0.022)and reduction in faecal incontinence in the control group(P=0.019).The embarrassment symptom had a significantly lower increase in the mindfulness group at week 8 compared to the control group(P=0.009).Both groups rated the treatments as credible and acceptable.Conclusions:Mindfulness was not superior to the active control group in terms of alleviating psychological distress but both treatments were associated with some improvements in depression.There was low uptake of both interventions.(Trial registration number:ACTRN12616001033437)
基金The Major Support Project for the Emerging Cross-Discipline of Philosophy Social Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province“Neurophilosophical Basis and Experimental Research of Direct Perceive Other Minds”(21XXJC05ZD)The National Social Science Foundation(16CZX015).
文摘Yu-Chuan Tsang(臧玉洤,1901-1964),styled Botan(伯潭),was an outstanding Chinese physiological psychologist,a comparative neuroscientist,and a neuroanatomist(Fig.1).He was a member of the First Council of the Chinese Society for Anatomical Sciences,an executive member of the sec-ond,third,fourth and fifth councils,and the Chairman of the Third Council.He was one of the founders of neuroanatomy in modem China and the Beijing Medical College(now the Department of Medicine at Peking University).Neu-roanatomy is a discipline that consists of making observa-tions and making recordings.Moreover,there are different interdisciplinary subjects based on neuroscience,including cognitive science,neurobehavioral science,neuroengineer-ing,and psychology.Tsang's academic career followed an opposite direction,starting from psychology and turning to neuroanatomy,where he made remarkable achievements.
文摘以Web of Science核心合集数据库中的SCI、SSCI和A&HCI引文索引收录的1991-2023年1433篇英文文献为研究样本,使用CiteSpace可视化工具分析了近30年关于他心研究的发文情况、研究热点、前沿与发展趋势。研究发现,欧美国家是他心研究的主要阵地;哲学与心理学是他心研究的主要领域。研究热点论题包括心智理论、镜像神经元系统、自闭症谱系障碍等,并呈现出对共享意向性、文化进化、直接社会感知、交互式机器人、贝叶斯脑等前沿问题的争论与探索。研究趋势总体呈现出在交叉学科、多元理论背景下认识论与方法论的转变。
基金supported by the Bluesand FoundationTDM FoundationFaculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney (FMH EMCR Emerging Star Grant), NIH (P01AG060882) to ED。
文摘There is an urgent need to identify new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease(AD). While new immunotherapies show promise, clinical benefit appears low, and side effects are high. A greater understanding of the disease mechanisms driving AD is an essential factor that will facilitate the identification of new, effective drug targets.
