Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for renewable energy storage,yet their practical deployment in subzero environments remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing and dendritic growth.Alth...Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for renewable energy storage,yet their practical deployment in subzero environments remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing and dendritic growth.Although organic additives can enhance the antifreeze properties of electrolytes,their weak polarity diminishes ionic conductivity,and their flammability poses safety concerns,undermining the inherent advantages of aqueous systems.Herein,we present a cost-effective and highly stable Na_(2)SO_(4)additive introduced into a Zn(ClO_(4))2-based electrolyte to create an organic-free antifreeze electrolyte.Through Raman spectroscopy,in situ optical microscopy,densityfunctional theory computations,and molecular dynamics simulations,we demonstrate that Na+ions improve low-temperature electrolyte performance and mitigate dendrite formation by regulating uniform Zn^(2+)deposition through preferential adsorption and electrostatic interactions.As a result,the Zn||Zn cells using this electrolyte achieve a remarkable cycling life of 360 h at-40℃ with 61% depth of discharge,and the Zn||PANI cells retained an ultrahigh capacity retention of 91%even after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at-40℃.This work proposes a cost-effective and practical approach for enhancing the long-term operational stability of AZMBs in low-temperature environments.展开更多
As a neuroprotective drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke, 3-n-butylphthalide, a celery seed ex- tract, has been approved by the State Food and Drug Administration of China as a clinical therapeutic drug for isch...As a neuroprotective drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke, 3-n-butylphthalide, a celery seed ex- tract, has been approved by the State Food and Drug Administration of China as a clinical therapeutic drug for ischemic stroke patients. L-3-n-butylphthalide possesses significant efficacy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The activated Akt kinase pathway can prevent the death of nerve cells and exhibit neuroprotective effects in the brain after stroke. This study provides the hypothesis that I-3-n- butylphthalide has a certain therapeutic effect on vascular dementia, and its mechanism depends on the activation of the Akt kinase pathway. A vascular dementia mouse model was established by cere- bral repetitive ischemia/reperfusion, and intragastrically administered I-3-n-butylphthalide daily for 28 consecutive days after ischemia/repedusion, or 7 consecutive days before ischemia/reperfusion. The Morris water maze test showed significant impairment of spatial learning and memory at 4 weeks after operation, but intragastric administration of I-3-n-butylphthalide, especially pretreatment with I-3-n- butylphthalide, significantly reversed these changes. Thionine staining and western blot analylsis showed that preventive and therapeutic application of I-3-n-butylphthalide can reduce loss of pyrami- dal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region and alleviate nerve damage in mice with vascular demen- tia. In addition, phosphorylated Akt expression in hippocampal tissue increased significantly after I-3-n- butylphthalide treatment. Experimental findings demonstrate that I-3-n-butylphthalide has preventive and therapeutic effects on vascular dementia, and its mechanism may be mediated by upregulation of phosphorylated Akt in the hippocampus.展开更多
This case report is to present a maxillary first molar with one O-shaped root, which is an extended C-shaped canal system. Patient with chronic apical periodontitis in maxillary left first molar underwent replantation...This case report is to present a maxillary first molar with one O-shaped root, which is an extended C-shaped canal system. Patient with chronic apical periodontitis in maxillary left first molar underwent replantation because of difficulty in negotiating all canals. Periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography （CBCT） were taken. All roots were connected and fused to one root, and all canals seemed to be connected to form an O-shape. The apical 3 mm of the root were resected and retrograde filled with resin-modified glass ionomer. Intentional replantation as an alternative treatment could be considered in a maxillary first molar having an unusual O-shaped root.展开更多
To observe the morphologic characteristics of spermatozoon ultramicroscopic structure in uremic subjects.Method Semen sample from lO patients with uremia and 5 healthy men were observed under light microscope and scan...To observe the morphologic characteristics of spermatozoon ultramicroscopic structure in uremic subjects.Method Semen sample from lO patients with uremia and 5 healthy men were observed under light microscope and scanning electronic microscope.Results Abnormalities were found in sperms of uremic patients either in the sperm head （acrosome, acrosomic deficit, nuclear abnormality, pointed head, headless and double head of spermatozoon）, neck （rupture, separation and enlargement）, or tail （mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial deficit, tailless, double tail, short tail and curled tail）; whereas none of the above-mentioned abnormalities was observed in healthy men. Conclusion Sperms of uremic patients had many morphologic and structural abnormalities in the head, neck and tail.展开更多
A new highly efficient, visible light active, silver vanadate/polymeric carbonitride “core/shell” photocatalyst was prepared mechano-chemically prepared by grinding mixtures of <i><span><span style=&q...A new highly efficient, visible light active, silver vanadate/polymeric carbonitride “core/shell” photocatalyst was prepared mechano-chemically prepared by grinding mixtures of <i><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></span></i><span>-silver vanadate and mesoporous graphitic carbonitride. Besides the core/shell photocatalyst, </span><i><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></span></i><span>-silver vanadate/mesoporous polymeric carbonitride composites and supported mpg-C</span><sub><span>3</span></sub><span>N</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">@</span></span><i><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></span></i><span>-silver vanadates were prepared. The materials were characterized by transmission elec</span><span>tron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen ad- and</span><span> de-sorption, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis measurement (DRS), infrared spectroscopy, Raman microscopy, and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performance of the materials was investigated in the degradation of organics using pharmaceutical ibuprofen and 4-(isobutyl phenyl) propionic acid sodium salt as model compounds under batch conditions. Reaction intermediates were studied by electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS). Additionally, the degree of mineralization was determined by total organic carbon TOC measurements. The core/shell photocatalyst has shown superior photocatalytic activity compared to the other prepared composites or supported photocatalysts as well as the single mpg-C</span><sub><span>3</span></sub><span>N</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>. Scavenger experiments showed that valence band holes and anio</span><span>nic superoxide radicals are the main active species in the photocatalytic</span><span> process. TOC measurement confirmed the mineralization of the organic compound, which was in line with ESI-TOF-MS experiments. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements indicated that charges generated in carbonitride migrate via diffusive hopping and exhibit increased mobility in the case of the silver vanadate/polymeric carbonitride composite.</span>展开更多
Phyllosticta capitalensis is an endophyte and weak plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution presently known from 70 plant families.This study isolated P.capitalensis from different host plants in northern Thailand...Phyllosticta capitalensis is an endophyte and weak plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution presently known from 70 plant families.This study isolated P.capitalensis from different host plants in northern Thailand,and determined their different life modes.Thirty strains of P.capitalensis were isolated as endophytes from 20 hosts.An additional 30 strains of P.capitalensis from other hosts and geographic locations were also obtained from established culture collections.Phylogenetic analysis using ITS,ACTand TEF gene data confirmed the identity of all isolates.Pathogenicity tests with five strains of P.capitalensis originating from different hosts were completed on their respective host plants.In all cases there was no infection of healthy leaves,indicating that this endophyte does not cause disease on healthy,unstressed host plants.That P.capitalensis is often isolated as an endophyte has important implications in fungal biology and plant health.Due to its endophytic nature,P.capitalensisis commonly found associated with lesions of plants,and often incorrectly identified as a species of quarantine importance,which again has implications for trade in agricultural and forestry production.展开更多
Objective: To explore the antitumor and potential off-target effects of systemically delivered cholesterol-conjugatedlet-7a mimics(Chol-let-7a) and control mimics(Chol-miRCtrl) on hepatocellular carcinomain vivo.Metho...Objective: To explore the antitumor and potential off-target effects of systemically delivered cholesterol-conjugatedlet-7a mimics(Chol-let-7a) and control mimics(Chol-miRCtrl) on hepatocellular carcinomain vivo.Methods: The antitumor effects of two intravenous dosing regimens ofChol-let-7a on heptocellular carcinoma growth were compared using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Off-targets were analyzed with histopathological and ultrapathological features of heparenal tissue and cells in theChol-let-7a-, Chol-miRCtrl-, and saline-treated (blank) xenograft mice and normal control mice. Then,let-7a abundance in orthotopic tumors, corresponding paracancerous hepatic tissue, and normal liver tissue from healthy nude mice was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The distribution ofChol-let-7a andChol-miRCtrl in vivo was examined by whole-animal imaging and frozen-sections observation. The experiments were approved by the Institutional Research Board of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.Results: Continuous treatment withChol-let-7a resulted in tumors that were 35.86% and 40.02% the size of those in theChol-miRCtrl and blank xenograft group (P < 0.01 andP < 0.01, respectively), while intermittent dosing withChol-let-7a resulted in tumors that were 65.42% and 56.66% the size of those in theChol-miRCtrl and the blank control group, respectively (P < 0.05 andP < 0.05). In addition, some histopathological and ultrapathological features were only observed after treatment with the two cholesterol-conjugated molecules, however mild with intermittent dosingChol-let-7a treatment, such as diffuse sinusoidal dilation and edema, primarily around the centrolobular vein in heptic tissues;mild hypercellularity with dilated capillary lumens in the renal tissue;and some organelle abnormalities found in heptic and renal cells. Furthermore, whole-animal imaging showed thatChol-let-7a andChol-miRCtrl were predominantly distributed in the liver, kidney, and bladder regions after injection, and that the concentration ofChol-let-7a andChol-miRCtrl in the kidney and the bladder decreased much slowly in the xenograft animals, especially in theChol-miRCtrl group. Finally, RT-PCR analysis showed thatlet-7a levels were significantly increased in Chol-let-7a-treated xenografts compared withChol-miRCtrl group (P=0.003) and blank xenograft group (P=0.001);however, the level was only equivalent to 50.6% and 40.7% of that in paracancerous hepatic tissue and hepatic tissue in normal mice, respectively.Conclusions: Chol-let-7a, administered either continuously or intermittently, showed effective antitumor efficacy.Chol-let-7a had some off-target effects, such as mild acute hepatitis-like inflammation and non-specific drug-induced kidney injury. The intermittent dosing regimen resulted in less damage than the continuous regimen, while maintaining relatively satisfactory antitumor efficacy, which could be useful for the investigation and possible clinical use of miRNA treatment regimens in the future.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52377206,52307237)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(YQ2024E046)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(LBH-TZ2413,LBH-Z23198)。
文摘Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for renewable energy storage,yet their practical deployment in subzero environments remains challenging due to electrolyte freezing and dendritic growth.Although organic additives can enhance the antifreeze properties of electrolytes,their weak polarity diminishes ionic conductivity,and their flammability poses safety concerns,undermining the inherent advantages of aqueous systems.Herein,we present a cost-effective and highly stable Na_(2)SO_(4)additive introduced into a Zn(ClO_(4))2-based electrolyte to create an organic-free antifreeze electrolyte.Through Raman spectroscopy,in situ optical microscopy,densityfunctional theory computations,and molecular dynamics simulations,we demonstrate that Na+ions improve low-temperature electrolyte performance and mitigate dendrite formation by regulating uniform Zn^(2+)deposition through preferential adsorption and electrostatic interactions.As a result,the Zn||Zn cells using this electrolyte achieve a remarkable cycling life of 360 h at-40℃ with 61% depth of discharge,and the Zn||PANI cells retained an ultrahigh capacity retention of 91%even after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at-40℃.This work proposes a cost-effective and practical approach for enhancing the long-term operational stability of AZMBs in low-temperature environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China, No. 81241037the Natural Science Foundationof Hebei Province, No.H2013307046
文摘As a neuroprotective drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke, 3-n-butylphthalide, a celery seed ex- tract, has been approved by the State Food and Drug Administration of China as a clinical therapeutic drug for ischemic stroke patients. L-3-n-butylphthalide possesses significant efficacy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The activated Akt kinase pathway can prevent the death of nerve cells and exhibit neuroprotective effects in the brain after stroke. This study provides the hypothesis that I-3-n- butylphthalide has a certain therapeutic effect on vascular dementia, and its mechanism depends on the activation of the Akt kinase pathway. A vascular dementia mouse model was established by cere- bral repetitive ischemia/reperfusion, and intragastrically administered I-3-n-butylphthalide daily for 28 consecutive days after ischemia/repedusion, or 7 consecutive days before ischemia/reperfusion. The Morris water maze test showed significant impairment of spatial learning and memory at 4 weeks after operation, but intragastric administration of I-3-n-butylphthalide, especially pretreatment with I-3-n- butylphthalide, significantly reversed these changes. Thionine staining and western blot analylsis showed that preventive and therapeutic application of I-3-n-butylphthalide can reduce loss of pyrami- dal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region and alleviate nerve damage in mice with vascular demen- tia. In addition, phosphorylated Akt expression in hippocampal tissue increased significantly after I-3-n- butylphthalide treatment. Experimental findings demonstrate that I-3-n-butylphthalide has preventive and therapeutic effects on vascular dementia, and its mechanism may be mediated by upregulation of phosphorylated Akt in the hippocampus.
文摘This case report is to present a maxillary first molar with one O-shaped root, which is an extended C-shaped canal system. Patient with chronic apical periodontitis in maxillary left first molar underwent replantation because of difficulty in negotiating all canals. Periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography （CBCT） were taken. All roots were connected and fused to one root, and all canals seemed to be connected to form an O-shape. The apical 3 mm of the root were resected and retrograde filled with resin-modified glass ionomer. Intentional replantation as an alternative treatment could be considered in a maxillary first molar having an unusual O-shaped root.
文摘To observe the morphologic characteristics of spermatozoon ultramicroscopic structure in uremic subjects.Method Semen sample from lO patients with uremia and 5 healthy men were observed under light microscope and scanning electronic microscope.Results Abnormalities were found in sperms of uremic patients either in the sperm head （acrosome, acrosomic deficit, nuclear abnormality, pointed head, headless and double head of spermatozoon）, neck （rupture, separation and enlargement）, or tail （mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial deficit, tailless, double tail, short tail and curled tail）; whereas none of the above-mentioned abnormalities was observed in healthy men. Conclusion Sperms of uremic patients had many morphologic and structural abnormalities in the head, neck and tail.
文摘A new highly efficient, visible light active, silver vanadate/polymeric carbonitride “core/shell” photocatalyst was prepared mechano-chemically prepared by grinding mixtures of <i><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></span></i><span>-silver vanadate and mesoporous graphitic carbonitride. Besides the core/shell photocatalyst, </span><i><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></span></i><span>-silver vanadate/mesoporous polymeric carbonitride composites and supported mpg-C</span><sub><span>3</span></sub><span>N</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">@</span></span><i><span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></span></i><span>-silver vanadates were prepared. The materials were characterized by transmission elec</span><span>tron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen ad- and</span><span> de-sorption, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis measurement (DRS), infrared spectroscopy, Raman microscopy, and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performance of the materials was investigated in the degradation of organics using pharmaceutical ibuprofen and 4-(isobutyl phenyl) propionic acid sodium salt as model compounds under batch conditions. Reaction intermediates were studied by electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS). Additionally, the degree of mineralization was determined by total organic carbon TOC measurements. The core/shell photocatalyst has shown superior photocatalytic activity compared to the other prepared composites or supported photocatalysts as well as the single mpg-C</span><sub><span>3</span></sub><span>N</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>. Scavenger experiments showed that valence band holes and anio</span><span>nic superoxide radicals are the main active species in the photocatalytic</span><span> process. TOC measurement confirmed the mineralization of the organic compound, which was in line with ESI-TOF-MS experiments. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements indicated that charges generated in carbonitride migrate via diffusive hopping and exhibit increased mobility in the case of the silver vanadate/polymeric carbonitride composite.</span>
基金supported by the Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D.Program(Grant No.PHD/0198/2552)to S.Wikee and Kevin D.Hyde.
文摘Phyllosticta capitalensis is an endophyte and weak plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution presently known from 70 plant families.This study isolated P.capitalensis from different host plants in northern Thailand,and determined their different life modes.Thirty strains of P.capitalensis were isolated as endophytes from 20 hosts.An additional 30 strains of P.capitalensis from other hosts and geographic locations were also obtained from established culture collections.Phylogenetic analysis using ITS,ACTand TEF gene data confirmed the identity of all isolates.Pathogenicity tests with five strains of P.capitalensis originating from different hosts were completed on their respective host plants.In all cases there was no infection of healthy leaves,indicating that this endophyte does not cause disease on healthy,unstressed host plants.That P.capitalensis is often isolated as an endophyte has important implications in fungal biology and plant health.Due to its endophytic nature,P.capitalensisis commonly found associated with lesions of plants,and often incorrectly identified as a species of quarantine importance,which again has implications for trade in agricultural and forestry production.
基金supported partly by the National Human and Health Scientific Data Sharing Platform,Clinical Center of China(No.2004DKA20240-2014)National Program funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2015KJRK1L01).
文摘Objective: To explore the antitumor and potential off-target effects of systemically delivered cholesterol-conjugatedlet-7a mimics(Chol-let-7a) and control mimics(Chol-miRCtrl) on hepatocellular carcinomain vivo.Methods: The antitumor effects of two intravenous dosing regimens ofChol-let-7a on heptocellular carcinoma growth were compared using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Off-targets were analyzed with histopathological and ultrapathological features of heparenal tissue and cells in theChol-let-7a-, Chol-miRCtrl-, and saline-treated (blank) xenograft mice and normal control mice. Then,let-7a abundance in orthotopic tumors, corresponding paracancerous hepatic tissue, and normal liver tissue from healthy nude mice was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The distribution ofChol-let-7a andChol-miRCtrl in vivo was examined by whole-animal imaging and frozen-sections observation. The experiments were approved by the Institutional Research Board of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.Results: Continuous treatment withChol-let-7a resulted in tumors that were 35.86% and 40.02% the size of those in theChol-miRCtrl and blank xenograft group (P < 0.01 andP < 0.01, respectively), while intermittent dosing withChol-let-7a resulted in tumors that were 65.42% and 56.66% the size of those in theChol-miRCtrl and the blank control group, respectively (P < 0.05 andP < 0.05). In addition, some histopathological and ultrapathological features were only observed after treatment with the two cholesterol-conjugated molecules, however mild with intermittent dosingChol-let-7a treatment, such as diffuse sinusoidal dilation and edema, primarily around the centrolobular vein in heptic tissues;mild hypercellularity with dilated capillary lumens in the renal tissue;and some organelle abnormalities found in heptic and renal cells. Furthermore, whole-animal imaging showed thatChol-let-7a andChol-miRCtrl were predominantly distributed in the liver, kidney, and bladder regions after injection, and that the concentration ofChol-let-7a andChol-miRCtrl in the kidney and the bladder decreased much slowly in the xenograft animals, especially in theChol-miRCtrl group. Finally, RT-PCR analysis showed thatlet-7a levels were significantly increased in Chol-let-7a-treated xenografts compared withChol-miRCtrl group (P=0.003) and blank xenograft group (P=0.001);however, the level was only equivalent to 50.6% and 40.7% of that in paracancerous hepatic tissue and hepatic tissue in normal mice, respectively.Conclusions: Chol-let-7a, administered either continuously or intermittently, showed effective antitumor efficacy.Chol-let-7a had some off-target effects, such as mild acute hepatitis-like inflammation and non-specific drug-induced kidney injury. The intermittent dosing regimen resulted in less damage than the continuous regimen, while maintaining relatively satisfactory antitumor efficacy, which could be useful for the investigation and possible clinical use of miRNA treatment regimens in the future.
