Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-caspase 3 effect of chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle on lead acetate-induced toxicity in rat testis. Methods: Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticles were i...Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-caspase 3 effect of chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle on lead acetate-induced toxicity in rat testis. Methods: Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticles were identified by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscope. The male rats were divided into control group (rats were given with distilled water);lead acetate group [rats were injected with lead acetate 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) i.p.], and the treatment group (rats were given the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 150 mg;300 mg;600 mg/kg BW orally and were injected with lead acetate 20 mg/kg BW). The testis tissues were collected to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), histological evaluations of testis damage, and the caspase 3 mRNA expression was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: The dynamic light scattering showed that the size of chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle was (530.2±38.2) nm. The scanning electron microscope images of the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticles showed an irregular shape, and the morphology surface showed the rough surface. The treatment with lead acetate resulted in significantly increasing MDA level and caspase 3 mRNA expression, and significantly decreasing level of SOD and GPx when compared with control group. The treatment with the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 600 mg/kg BW but not 150 and 300 mg/kg BW significantly decreased the MDA levels, caspase 3 mRNA expression, and also increased level of SOD and GPx when compared with lead acetate group. The lead acetate induced loss of the normal structure of testicular cells and necrosis, whereas treatment with chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle inhibited testicular cell necrosis. Conclusions: It can be concluded that chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle protects rat testis from oxidative damage and apoptosis caused by lead acetate, through increasing antioxidant and inhibiting caspase 3 expression.展开更多
Biosurfactants are amphiphilic components applied in various fields,one of which is preserving agricultural products.Biosurfactants can be used as additives in edible coatings to prevent microbial adhesion by reducing...Biosurfactants are amphiphilic components applied in various fields,one of which is preserving agricultural products.Biosurfactants can be used as additives in edible coatings to prevent microbial adhesion by reducing surface tension on the fruit surface.They also play a role in increasing the moisture barrier and slowing down the physiological changes of fruit.Nonetheless,biosurfactants were often produced by non-GRAS bacteria.GRAS biosurfactant-producing bacteria are urgently needed for application in food products.This study aims to isolate and characterize biosurfactant-producing strains of lactic acid bacteria from Dadiah and evaluate their efficacy in reducing microbial adhesion on strawberries.From four selected isolates found in Dadiah,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was the best candidate,producing biosurfactant with index emulsification(EI24)of 64.48±0.37% with a CMC of 1 g/l.LC-MS and FT-IR characterized the biosurfactants as glycolipids.The rate of antibacterial and anti-adhesive tests on Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 were 18.79±5.23% and 55.26±0.02%,while on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6738 were 31.60±2.63% and 74.63±0.00% at a concentration of 3000 mg/l.However,no anti-fungal activity against Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger was observed at the same concentration.Compared to SDS,biosurfactants demonstrated non-toxicity with an LC50 value of 2.94 x 10^(8) mg/l.A combination of 1%chitosan reduced the number of fungal cells by 29.76±3.25% on 125 mg/l biosurfactant and bacterial cells by 31.91±5.06% on 1000 mg/l biosurfactant after 10 days,indicating their potential to reduce fruit spoilage and enhance microbial anti-adhesive properties of edible coatings.展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-caspase 3 effect of chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle on lead acetate-induced toxicity in rat testis. Methods: Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticles were identified by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscope. The male rats were divided into control group (rats were given with distilled water);lead acetate group [rats were injected with lead acetate 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) i.p.], and the treatment group (rats were given the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 150 mg;300 mg;600 mg/kg BW orally and were injected with lead acetate 20 mg/kg BW). The testis tissues were collected to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), histological evaluations of testis damage, and the caspase 3 mRNA expression was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: The dynamic light scattering showed that the size of chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle was (530.2±38.2) nm. The scanning electron microscope images of the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticles showed an irregular shape, and the morphology surface showed the rough surface. The treatment with lead acetate resulted in significantly increasing MDA level and caspase 3 mRNA expression, and significantly decreasing level of SOD and GPx when compared with control group. The treatment with the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 600 mg/kg BW but not 150 and 300 mg/kg BW significantly decreased the MDA levels, caspase 3 mRNA expression, and also increased level of SOD and GPx when compared with lead acetate group. The lead acetate induced loss of the normal structure of testicular cells and necrosis, whereas treatment with chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle inhibited testicular cell necrosis. Conclusions: It can be concluded that chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle protects rat testis from oxidative damage and apoptosis caused by lead acetate, through increasing antioxidant and inhibiting caspase 3 expression.
基金supported by Riset Unggulan ITB 2024 Award Number 959/IT1.B07.1/TA.00/2024 from Institut Teknologi Bandung,Indonesia。
文摘Biosurfactants are amphiphilic components applied in various fields,one of which is preserving agricultural products.Biosurfactants can be used as additives in edible coatings to prevent microbial adhesion by reducing surface tension on the fruit surface.They also play a role in increasing the moisture barrier and slowing down the physiological changes of fruit.Nonetheless,biosurfactants were often produced by non-GRAS bacteria.GRAS biosurfactant-producing bacteria are urgently needed for application in food products.This study aims to isolate and characterize biosurfactant-producing strains of lactic acid bacteria from Dadiah and evaluate their efficacy in reducing microbial adhesion on strawberries.From four selected isolates found in Dadiah,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was the best candidate,producing biosurfactant with index emulsification(EI24)of 64.48±0.37% with a CMC of 1 g/l.LC-MS and FT-IR characterized the biosurfactants as glycolipids.The rate of antibacterial and anti-adhesive tests on Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 were 18.79±5.23% and 55.26±0.02%,while on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6738 were 31.60±2.63% and 74.63±0.00% at a concentration of 3000 mg/l.However,no anti-fungal activity against Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger was observed at the same concentration.Compared to SDS,biosurfactants demonstrated non-toxicity with an LC50 value of 2.94 x 10^(8) mg/l.A combination of 1%chitosan reduced the number of fungal cells by 29.76±3.25% on 125 mg/l biosurfactant and bacterial cells by 31.91±5.06% on 1000 mg/l biosurfactant after 10 days,indicating their potential to reduce fruit spoilage and enhance microbial anti-adhesive properties of edible coatings.
