The development of stable and efficient colloidal delivery systems is essential for advancing plant-derived antifungal agents into practical agriculture.Alternaria alternata,a necrotrophic pathogen of major crops,pose...The development of stable and efficient colloidal delivery systems is essential for advancing plant-derived antifungal agents into practical agriculture.Alternaria alternata,a necrotrophic pathogen of major crops,poses persistent management challenges due to toxin production and rising resistance to conventional fungicides.Delivering crude phytochemicals in a solid phase,coupled with surfactant mediated stabilization,overcomes the poor solubility and instability of conventional plant extracts.In this study,five ecologically abundant weeds-Lantana camara,Amaranthus viridis,Ageratum conyzoides,Achyranthes aspera,and Datura stramonium were screened for antifungal activity against A.alternata.All the extracts exhibited dose-dependent inhibition with maximum inhibition ranging from 17 to 24%at 20 mg mL^(-1),except D.stramonium showing markedly superior antifungal efficacy,achieving up to 44%inhibition,and was therefore selected for nanoformulation studies.A nanosuspension of ethanolic Datura extract was formulated via nanoprecipitation-ultrasonication method using Tween 80,rhamnolipid,and sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS)as stabilizers.The SLS-stabilized nanosuspension(DNS 3)displayed optimal colloidal properties(166.83 nm size,0.18 PDI value,and-31.63 mV zeta potential)and significantly enhanced antifungal activity(81.77±1.31%inhibition at 1.60 mg mL^(-1);MIC 0.4 mg mL^(-1);synergistic FICI 0.45),along with improved antioxidant activity(IC_(50)=42μg mL^(-1)).GC-MS analysis revealed enrichment of key bioactive constituents,including neophytadiene,piceatannol,and dehydrocostus lactone while FTIR confirmed strong phytoconstituent-SLS interactions.Microscopy revealed severe hyphal damage,including cytoplasmic aggregation and rupture.The nanosuspension demonstrated temperature-independent shelf-life stability,retaining substantial antifungal activity for up to six months.Overall,the SLS-stabilized Datura nanosuspension represents a promising eco-compatible antifungal strategy for crop protection.展开更多
In recent years,marine macroalgae have been recognized as potential alternative and sustainable feeding resources for livestock.Differences in nutritional values and biomass yield across macroalgal species are critica...In recent years,marine macroalgae have been recognized as potential alternative and sustainable feeding resources for livestock.Differences in nutritional values and biomass yield across macroalgal species are critical factors while aiming to utilize them as animal feed components.A brown macroalga,Saccharina latissima,also known as sugar kelp,has a promising biomass yield and high nutritional and bioactive compounds that can benefit both ruminant and monogastric animals.For example,the dietary inclusion of S.latissima in dairy and beef cattle can enhance milk yield,meat quality,and iodine content in milk and meat while reducing enteric methane emissions in vitro.However,high iodine content and the presence of some potentially toxic elements(arsenic,cadmium,etc.)lead to critical challenges,demanding careful consideration while determining the inclusion level of S.latissima in the livestock feed.To address these challenges,effective post-harvest biomass processing techniques,particularly hydrothermal treatments,have shown promise in reducing heavy metals and minerals of concern(e.g.,iodine)and enhancing their safety as animal feed.It is thus essential to evaluate the sustainability of post-harvest processing techniques as they are usually energy-demanding and can negatively influence nutrient utilization in animals as certain digestible fractions can disappear during processing.Furthermore,variations in the nutritional and bioactive composition of S.latissima due to seasonal and spatial factors can create challenges for commercial exploitation.In this context,multiple harvesting of biomass and choosing the appropriate harvesting seasons can maximize the nutritional potential of S.latissima.In conclusion,S.latissima can be a novel feed ingredient for livestock,but year-round biomass availability and identifying cost-effective and energy-efficient post-harvest biomass processing methods that optimize both nutritional values and digestibility of S.latissima are critical for improving animal production,performance,and health.展开更多
基金approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee(CSIR-NBRI_MS/2025/11/05).
文摘The development of stable and efficient colloidal delivery systems is essential for advancing plant-derived antifungal agents into practical agriculture.Alternaria alternata,a necrotrophic pathogen of major crops,poses persistent management challenges due to toxin production and rising resistance to conventional fungicides.Delivering crude phytochemicals in a solid phase,coupled with surfactant mediated stabilization,overcomes the poor solubility and instability of conventional plant extracts.In this study,five ecologically abundant weeds-Lantana camara,Amaranthus viridis,Ageratum conyzoides,Achyranthes aspera,and Datura stramonium were screened for antifungal activity against A.alternata.All the extracts exhibited dose-dependent inhibition with maximum inhibition ranging from 17 to 24%at 20 mg mL^(-1),except D.stramonium showing markedly superior antifungal efficacy,achieving up to 44%inhibition,and was therefore selected for nanoformulation studies.A nanosuspension of ethanolic Datura extract was formulated via nanoprecipitation-ultrasonication method using Tween 80,rhamnolipid,and sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS)as stabilizers.The SLS-stabilized nanosuspension(DNS 3)displayed optimal colloidal properties(166.83 nm size,0.18 PDI value,and-31.63 mV zeta potential)and significantly enhanced antifungal activity(81.77±1.31%inhibition at 1.60 mg mL^(-1);MIC 0.4 mg mL^(-1);synergistic FICI 0.45),along with improved antioxidant activity(IC_(50)=42μg mL^(-1)).GC-MS analysis revealed enrichment of key bioactive constituents,including neophytadiene,piceatannol,and dehydrocostus lactone while FTIR confirmed strong phytoconstituent-SLS interactions.Microscopy revealed severe hyphal damage,including cytoplasmic aggregation and rupture.The nanosuspension demonstrated temperature-independent shelf-life stability,retaining substantial antifungal activity for up to six months.Overall,the SLS-stabilized Datura nanosuspension represents a promising eco-compatible antifungal strategy for crop protection.
基金The research activities associated with the macroalgal nutritional compositions,in vitro digestibilityin vivo feeding trials at Nord University,Norway were supported through the Regional Research Fund(RFF,Marine Seaweeds:299081,MicroSea:313553,Auto-Feed:320745)by RFF Midt-Norge and RFF-Trøndelag,Norway.
文摘In recent years,marine macroalgae have been recognized as potential alternative and sustainable feeding resources for livestock.Differences in nutritional values and biomass yield across macroalgal species are critical factors while aiming to utilize them as animal feed components.A brown macroalga,Saccharina latissima,also known as sugar kelp,has a promising biomass yield and high nutritional and bioactive compounds that can benefit both ruminant and monogastric animals.For example,the dietary inclusion of S.latissima in dairy and beef cattle can enhance milk yield,meat quality,and iodine content in milk and meat while reducing enteric methane emissions in vitro.However,high iodine content and the presence of some potentially toxic elements(arsenic,cadmium,etc.)lead to critical challenges,demanding careful consideration while determining the inclusion level of S.latissima in the livestock feed.To address these challenges,effective post-harvest biomass processing techniques,particularly hydrothermal treatments,have shown promise in reducing heavy metals and minerals of concern(e.g.,iodine)and enhancing their safety as animal feed.It is thus essential to evaluate the sustainability of post-harvest processing techniques as they are usually energy-demanding and can negatively influence nutrient utilization in animals as certain digestible fractions can disappear during processing.Furthermore,variations in the nutritional and bioactive composition of S.latissima due to seasonal and spatial factors can create challenges for commercial exploitation.In this context,multiple harvesting of biomass and choosing the appropriate harvesting seasons can maximize the nutritional potential of S.latissima.In conclusion,S.latissima can be a novel feed ingredient for livestock,but year-round biomass availability and identifying cost-effective and energy-efficient post-harvest biomass processing methods that optimize both nutritional values and digestibility of S.latissima are critical for improving animal production,performance,and health.
