Rice straw(RS)collected from Egyptian agricultural environment(Al-Masied village-Alsharqia Governorate-Egypt)was used as substrate for three fungal isolates namely:4b,1Asp,Pleurotus ostreatus NRRL 3501 and mixed cultu...Rice straw(RS)collected from Egyptian agricultural environment(Al-Masied village-Alsharqia Governorate-Egypt)was used as substrate for three fungal isolates namely:4b,1Asp,Pleurotus ostreatus NRRL 3501 and mixed culture of(4b,1Asp).Isolates number 4b and 1Asp were identified using the molecular technique(18S rRNA).Isolate 4b and 1Asp,were identified as Trichoderma saturnisporum MN1-EGY and Aspergillus niger MN2-EGY,respectively.Trichoderma saturnisporum MN1-EGY extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity compared to the other fungal extracts.Total phenolic,antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were also determined from the ethyl acetate extract of rice straw inoculated by these fungi.The antioxidant scavenging concentration(SC50)values of the tested samples were 88.84,91.45,94.65 and 100.0μg/ml,respectively for Pleurotus sp.,Aspergiluus niger,Aspergiluus niger+Trichoderma sp.,and Trichoderma sp.,after 15 days incubation,compared to ascorbic acid as positive control with SC50 value equal to 8.0μg/ml.Total phenolic contents(TPCs)were maximum in Pleurotus sp.extract and found to be the most polyphenolic enriched sample(380.64 mg GAE/g dry extract)compared to extracts of Aspergiluusniger,Aspergiluus niger+Trichoderma sp.,and Trichoderma sp.(261.89,198.52,and 119.80 mg GAE/g dry extract),respectively.The GC-MS analysis has been also performed for the promising extracts.展开更多
Carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels were developed through crosslinking process using eco-friendly crosslinkers such as maleic,succinic,and citric acids.Carboxymethyl cellulose was prepared from the cellulosic fraction ...Carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels were developed through crosslinking process using eco-friendly crosslinkers such as maleic,succinic,and citric acids.Carboxymethyl cellulose was prepared from the cellulosic fraction of olive industry residues.A series of hydrogels with varying crosslinker acid concentrations,reaction times,and reaction temperatures was produced to study the swelling capacities and gel fraction of the obtained hydrogels.Additional study pertains to the preparation of antimicrobial nanocomposite hydrogels through in-situ incorporation of the silver nanoparticles during the crosslinking reaction.Silver nanoparticles were prepared by reduction of AgNO3 with leaves of Ricinus communis.The particle size of prepared silver nanoparticles was detected by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Chemical structure and morphological characterizations of the prepared hydrogels were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX).Finally,the antimicrobial activity of the loaded silver hydrogels against Gram negative(G-ve),Gram positive(G+ve),and Candida albicans yeast was demonstrated.展开更多
Heavy metal contamination of land and freshwater resources is a serious concern worldwide.It adversely affects the health of animals,plants and humans.Therefore,remediation of toxic heavy metals must be highly conside...Heavy metal contamination of land and freshwater resources is a serious concern worldwide.It adversely affects the health of animals,plants and humans.Therefore,remediation of toxic heavy metals must be highly considered.Unlike other techniques,phytoremediation is a holistic technology and can be used in large scale for soil remediation as it is costless,novel,environmentally-safe and solar-driven technology.Utilization of non-edible plants in phytoremediation is an ingenious technique as they are used to generate new bioenergy resources along with the remediation of contaminated soils.Some nonfood bioenergy crops such as Salix species,Miscanthus species,Populus species,Eucalyptus species,and Ricinus communis exhibit high capability to accumulate various metals and to grow in contaminated lands.However,there are still sustainable challenges facing coupling phytoremediation with bioenergy production from polluted lands.Therefore,there has long been a need for developing different strategies to resolve such challenges.In this article review,we will discuss the phytoremediation mechanism,the technique of phytoremediation coupling with bioenergy production,sustainable problems facing linking phytoremediation with energy production as well as possible strategies to enhance the efficiency of bioenergy plants for soil decontamination by improving their characteristics such as metal uptake,transport,accumulation,and tolerance.展开更多
Rosa chinensis as edible flowers,is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine,which is rich in resources and is cultivated in most parts of China.Its phytochemicals mainly include flavonoids and their glycosides,phenolic...Rosa chinensis as edible flowers,is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine,which is rich in resources and is cultivated in most parts of China.Its phytochemicals mainly include flavonoids and their glycosides,phenolic acids,pentacyclic triterpenes and steroids.R.chinensis has many biological activities,including antioxidation,antibiosis,protection of pancreatic islet cells.The phytochemicals and biological activities of R.chinensis were summarized by databases such as Web of Science,SciFinder,Baidu Scholar,PubMed,ScienceDirect and SpringerLink.展开更多
Light-regulated gene expression systems allow controlling gene expression in space and time with high accuracy.Contrary to previous synthetic light sensors that incorporate two-component systems which require localiza...Light-regulated gene expression systems allow controlling gene expression in space and time with high accuracy.Contrary to previous synthetic light sensors that incorporate two-component systems which require localization at the plasma membrane,soluble one-component repression systems provide several advantageous characteristics.Firstly,they are soluble and able to diffuse across the cytoplasm.Secondly,they are smaller and of lower complexity,enabling less taxing expression and optimization of fewer parts.Thirdly,repression through steric hindrance is a widespread regulation mechanism that does not require specific interaction with host factors,potentially enabling implementation in different organisms.Herein,we present the design of the synthetic promoter P_(EL)that in combination with the light-regulated dimer EL222 constitutes a onecomponent repression system.Inspired by previously engineered synthetic promoters and the Escherichia coli lacZYA promoter,we designed P_(EL)with two EL222 operators positioned to hinder RNA polymerase binding when EL222 is bound.P_(EL)is repressed by EL222 under conditions of white light with a light-regulated repression ratio of five.Further,alternating conditions of darkness and light in cycles as short as one hour showed that repression is reversible.The design of the P_(EL)EL222 system herein presented could aid the design and implementation of analogous one-component optogenetic repression systems.Finally,we compare the P_(EL)-EL222 system with similar systems and suggest general improvements that could optimize and extend the functionality of EL222-based as well as other one-component repression systems.展开更多
文摘Rice straw(RS)collected from Egyptian agricultural environment(Al-Masied village-Alsharqia Governorate-Egypt)was used as substrate for three fungal isolates namely:4b,1Asp,Pleurotus ostreatus NRRL 3501 and mixed culture of(4b,1Asp).Isolates number 4b and 1Asp were identified using the molecular technique(18S rRNA).Isolate 4b and 1Asp,were identified as Trichoderma saturnisporum MN1-EGY and Aspergillus niger MN2-EGY,respectively.Trichoderma saturnisporum MN1-EGY extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity compared to the other fungal extracts.Total phenolic,antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were also determined from the ethyl acetate extract of rice straw inoculated by these fungi.The antioxidant scavenging concentration(SC50)values of the tested samples were 88.84,91.45,94.65 and 100.0μg/ml,respectively for Pleurotus sp.,Aspergiluus niger,Aspergiluus niger+Trichoderma sp.,and Trichoderma sp.,after 15 days incubation,compared to ascorbic acid as positive control with SC50 value equal to 8.0μg/ml.Total phenolic contents(TPCs)were maximum in Pleurotus sp.extract and found to be the most polyphenolic enriched sample(380.64 mg GAE/g dry extract)compared to extracts of Aspergiluusniger,Aspergiluus niger+Trichoderma sp.,and Trichoderma sp.(261.89,198.52,and 119.80 mg GAE/g dry extract),respectively.The GC-MS analysis has been also performed for the promising extracts.
文摘Carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels were developed through crosslinking process using eco-friendly crosslinkers such as maleic,succinic,and citric acids.Carboxymethyl cellulose was prepared from the cellulosic fraction of olive industry residues.A series of hydrogels with varying crosslinker acid concentrations,reaction times,and reaction temperatures was produced to study the swelling capacities and gel fraction of the obtained hydrogels.Additional study pertains to the preparation of antimicrobial nanocomposite hydrogels through in-situ incorporation of the silver nanoparticles during the crosslinking reaction.Silver nanoparticles were prepared by reduction of AgNO3 with leaves of Ricinus communis.The particle size of prepared silver nanoparticles was detected by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Chemical structure and morphological characterizations of the prepared hydrogels were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX).Finally,the antimicrobial activity of the loaded silver hydrogels against Gram negative(G-ve),Gram positive(G+ve),and Candida albicans yeast was demonstrated.
文摘Heavy metal contamination of land and freshwater resources is a serious concern worldwide.It adversely affects the health of animals,plants and humans.Therefore,remediation of toxic heavy metals must be highly considered.Unlike other techniques,phytoremediation is a holistic technology and can be used in large scale for soil remediation as it is costless,novel,environmentally-safe and solar-driven technology.Utilization of non-edible plants in phytoremediation is an ingenious technique as they are used to generate new bioenergy resources along with the remediation of contaminated soils.Some nonfood bioenergy crops such as Salix species,Miscanthus species,Populus species,Eucalyptus species,and Ricinus communis exhibit high capability to accumulate various metals and to grow in contaminated lands.However,there are still sustainable challenges facing coupling phytoremediation with bioenergy production from polluted lands.Therefore,there has long been a need for developing different strategies to resolve such challenges.In this article review,we will discuss the phytoremediation mechanism,the technique of phytoremediation coupling with bioenergy production,sustainable problems facing linking phytoremediation with energy production as well as possible strategies to enhance the efficiency of bioenergy plants for soil decontamination by improving their characteristics such as metal uptake,transport,accumulation,and tolerance.
基金supported by Kaifeng Science and Technology Bureau Project(1908007).
文摘Rosa chinensis as edible flowers,is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine,which is rich in resources and is cultivated in most parts of China.Its phytochemicals mainly include flavonoids and their glycosides,phenolic acids,pentacyclic triterpenes and steroids.R.chinensis has many biological activities,including antioxidation,antibiosis,protection of pancreatic islet cells.The phytochemicals and biological activities of R.chinensis were summarized by databases such as Web of Science,SciFinder,Baidu Scholar,PubMed,ScienceDirect and SpringerLink.
基金the fluorescence spectrum of EL222,and Adam Wegelius is gratefully acknowledged for experimental assistance.AJ acknowledges funding from FP7-ICT-610730(EVOPROG)FP7-KBBE-613745(PROMYS)+2 种基金H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions 642738(MetaRNA)Biotechnology and Biological Biological Sciences Research Council(BBSRC)BB/P020615/1(EVO-ENGINE),Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council(EPSRC-BBSRC)BB/M017982/1(WISB centre),and the departmental allocation from the School of Life Sciences(U.Warwick)PL acknowledges funding from the Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse(project MoSE,No.2011.0067)and the Swedish Energy Agency(No.11674-5).
文摘Light-regulated gene expression systems allow controlling gene expression in space and time with high accuracy.Contrary to previous synthetic light sensors that incorporate two-component systems which require localization at the plasma membrane,soluble one-component repression systems provide several advantageous characteristics.Firstly,they are soluble and able to diffuse across the cytoplasm.Secondly,they are smaller and of lower complexity,enabling less taxing expression and optimization of fewer parts.Thirdly,repression through steric hindrance is a widespread regulation mechanism that does not require specific interaction with host factors,potentially enabling implementation in different organisms.Herein,we present the design of the synthetic promoter P_(EL)that in combination with the light-regulated dimer EL222 constitutes a onecomponent repression system.Inspired by previously engineered synthetic promoters and the Escherichia coli lacZYA promoter,we designed P_(EL)with two EL222 operators positioned to hinder RNA polymerase binding when EL222 is bound.P_(EL)is repressed by EL222 under conditions of white light with a light-regulated repression ratio of five.Further,alternating conditions of darkness and light in cycles as short as one hour showed that repression is reversible.The design of the P_(EL)EL222 system herein presented could aid the design and implementation of analogous one-component optogenetic repression systems.Finally,we compare the P_(EL)-EL222 system with similar systems and suggest general improvements that could optimize and extend the functionality of EL222-based as well as other one-component repression systems.
