The year 2024 marked the 40th anniversary of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS),as well as the centenary of the Chinese Meteorological Society(CMS).The inaugural issue of AAS was published in 1984,initially being s...The year 2024 marked the 40th anniversary of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS),as well as the centenary of the Chinese Meteorological Society(CMS).The inaugural issue of AAS was published in 1984,initially being sponsored primarily by Chinese National Committee for the International Association of Meteorological and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS)and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.In 2006,Springer became AAS’s international publisher.Then,in 2015,the CMS joined in sponsoring AAS,and in the same year,AAS also became an affiliated journal of the IAMAS.These milestone events helped broaden the reach of AAS,culminating in the journal establishing itself as a truly international journal supporting the advancement of the atmospheric sciences.展开更多
Based on conventional meteorological observation data,radar data and numerical forecast product data,the causes of the first large-scale,high-intensity and long-duration rainstorm in Dehong Prefecture during May 11-16...Based on conventional meteorological observation data,radar data and numerical forecast product data,the causes of the first large-scale,high-intensity and long-duration rainstorm in Dehong Prefecture during May 11-16,2022 were analyzed by using the weather dynamic diagnosis and analysis method.The results show that the rainstorm process was caused by strong uplift and condensation in the west and north of Yingjiang under the background of dry and cold northwest air circulation at 500 hPa,the absence of obvious influence of the south branch trough at 700 hPa,and strong southwest jet at 850 hPa.The southwest jet in the boundary layer provided sufficient warm water vapor,unstable energy and uplifting conditions for the rainstorm.Low-level convergence,high-level divergence and strong upward movement in the whole layer were conducive to the uplift and condensation of a large number of warm and humid air in the northwest of Yingjiang in Dehong Prefecture,which enhanced the development of mesoscale convective system(MCS)and prolonged the life history ofβmesoscale convective system.The application of satellite,radar and other mesoscale data has an important reference value for the tracking,correction,forecast and early warning of the rainstorm process.展开更多
China launched its first spaceborne Precipitation Measurement Radar(PMR)on the FY-3G satellite in April 2023.To achieve the scientific goal of measuring the three-dimensional precipitation structure,evaluating the qua...China launched its first spaceborne Precipitation Measurement Radar(PMR)on the FY-3G satellite in April 2023.To achieve the scientific goal of measuring the three-dimensional precipitation structure,evaluating the quantitative measurement ability of the PMR is critical.China operates more than 250 weather radars over the mainland.Consistency of the spaceborne radar with ground-based radars will enhance precipitation measurement ability,especially over oceans and mountains where observations are sparse.Additionally,the spaceborne radar can be used to evaluate the spatial and temporal homogeneity of the ground-based radar network.This paper focuses on comparing the PMR onboard the FY-3G satellite with S-band China New Generation Weather Radars(CINRADs).A comparison algorithm between the PMR and CINRADs has been developed,incorporating detailed quality control,attenuation correction,data optimization,spatiotemporal matching,non-uniform beam filling constraint,uniformity constraint,and frequency correction.The matched data in typical months of four seasons were selected to carry out the comparison.The data consistency between the PMR and CINRADs was analyzed.The correlation coefficient is 0.87,the deviation is 0.89 dB,and the standard deviation is 2.50 dB,based on 98226 matching samples.The results show the radar reflectivity of the PMR is quite comparable to that of the CINRADs,demonstrating that the PMR data quality is satisfactory and can be used to verify and correct data consistency among multiple ground-based radars.This work also paves the way for data fusion and joint application of satellite and ground radars in the future.展开更多
By analyzing the successful case of meteorological support services for the navigation ceremony of Langzhong Airport,the practice experience,existing problems and future improvement directions of aviation meteorologic...By analyzing the successful case of meteorological support services for the navigation ceremony of Langzhong Airport,the practice experience,existing problems and future improvement directions of aviation meteorological support services were analyzed and summarized to provide reference for the airport and its subsequent aviation meteorological support services in the future.展开更多
The occurrence characteristics and impacts of agricultural meteorological disasters during the main growth period of potatoes in Ulanqab City were analyzed.According to the development needs of modern potato industry,...The occurrence characteristics and impacts of agricultural meteorological disasters during the main growth period of potatoes in Ulanqab City were analyzed.According to the development needs of modern potato industry,some countermeasures for meteorological services in the disaster prevention and mitigation of potatoes were proposed,such as strengthening intelligent and digital meteorological services,and building a full-chain meteorological service for the entire growth period of potatoes.The aim is to reduce the impact of disasters and increase the yield and quality of potatoes through intelligent and digital meteorological services.展开更多
Understanding the evolution and lag effects of droughts is critical to effective drought warning and water resources management.However,due to limited hydrological data,few studies have examined hydrological droughts ...Understanding the evolution and lag effects of droughts is critical to effective drought warning and water resources management.However,due to limited hydrological data,few studies have examined hydrological droughts and their lag time from meteorological droughts at a daily scale.In this study,precipitation data were collected to calculate the standardized precipitation index(SPI),and runoff data simulated by the variable infiltration capacity(VIC)model were utilized to compute the standardized runoff index(SRI).The three-threshold run theory was used to identify drought characteristics in China.These drought characteristics were utilized to investigate spatiotemporal variations,seasonal trends,and temporal changes in areas affected by meteorological and hydrological droughts.Additionally,the interconnections and lag effects between meteorological and hydrological droughts were explored.The results indicated that(1)drought occurred during approximately 28%of the past 34 years in China;(2)drought conditions tended to worsen in autumn and weaken in winter;(3)drought-affected areas shifted from northwest to northeast and finally to southern China;and(4)the correlation between meteorological and hydrological droughts was lower in the northwest and higher in the southeast,with all correlation coefficients exceeding 0.7.The lag times between meteorological and hydrological droughts were longest(5 d)in the Yangtze River,Yellow River,and Hai River basins,and shortest(0 d)in the Tarim River Basin.This study provides a scientific basis for effective early warning of droughts.展开更多
Based on the monitoring data of PM 10 concentration from six environmental monitoring stations and the ground meteorological observation data in Yantai City from 2019 to 2021,the spatial and temporal variation of PM 1...Based on the monitoring data of PM 10 concentration from six environmental monitoring stations and the ground meteorological observation data in Yantai City from 2019 to 2021,the spatial and temporal variation of PM 10 concentration and its relationship with meteorological factors were studied.The results show that from the perspective of temporal variation,the annual average of PM 10 concentration in Yantai City tended to decrease year by year.It was high in winter and spring and low in summer and autumn.In terms of monthly variation,the changing curve is U-shaped,and it was high in December and January but low in July and August.During a day,PM 10 concentration had two peaks.The first peak appeared approximately from 09:00 to 11:00,and the second peak can be found from 21:00 to 23:00.From the perspective of spatial distribution,PM 10 concentration was the highest in the development area and Fushan District.It was the highest in the west,followed by the east,while it was the lowest in the middle.The spatial difference rate was the highest in summer.Average temperature,relative humidity,wind speed and precipitation were the main meteorological factors influencing PM 10 concentration in Yantai area.PM 10 concentration was negatively correlated with average temperature and relative humidity,and the correlation was the most significant from June to October.It was negatively correlated with wind speed and precipitation,and the correlation was different in various months.The negative correlation was significant in summer and winter.展开更多
[Objective]In response to the issue of insufficient integrity in hourly routine meteorological element data files,this paper aims to improve the availability and reliability of data files,and provide high-quality data...[Objective]In response to the issue of insufficient integrity in hourly routine meteorological element data files,this paper aims to improve the availability and reliability of data files,and provide high-quality data file support for meteorological forecasting and services.[Method]In this paper,an efficient and accurate method for data file quality control and fusion processing is developed.By locating the missing measurement time,data are extracted from the"AWZ.db"database and the minute routine meteorological element data file,and merged into the hourly routine meteorological element data file.[Result]Data processing efficiency and accuracy are significantly improved,and the problem of incomplete hourly routine meteorological element data files is solved.At the same time,it emphasizes the importance of ensuring the accuracy of the files used and carefully checking and verifying the fusion results,and proposes strategies to improve data quality.[Conclusion]This method provides convenience for observation personnel and effectively improves the integrity and accuracy of data files.In the future,it is expected to provide more reliable data support for meteorological forecasting and services.展开更多
Based on the monitoring data of air quality and conventional meteorological data in Shaoyang City,a severe pollution weather process in Shaoyang from December 25,2023 to January 1,2024 was analyzed from the aspects of...Based on the monitoring data of air quality and conventional meteorological data in Shaoyang City,a severe pollution weather process in Shaoyang from December 25,2023 to January 1,2024 was analyzed from the aspects of changes in pollutant concentration,circulation background,and changes in various meteorological elements.The results show that this severe pollution weather process was a compound pollution process caused by accumulation of local pollutants and transportation of external pollutants,during which the primary pollutant was PM_(2.5).During the accumulation stage,the ground was controlled by a uniform pressure field,and the conditions of atmospheric diffusion were poor.During the outbreak stage,the wind on the ground was from the northeast,which was conducive to the input of upstream pollution clusters into the city.Pollutant concentration was inversely correlated with daily average sea-level pressure,and positively correlated with daily average temperature.Wind speed and direction were closely related to PM_(2.5)concentration.During the accumulation stage,the ground was mainly dominated by weak winds,and the conditions of atmospheric diffusion were poor.During the outbreak stage,the continuous northeastward wind continuously transported upstream pollutants to Shaoyang area.Local pollutants accumulated in the previous stable weather process and the terrain led to the outbreak of local pollution.展开更多
In this paper,Wuzhou City of Guangxi was taken as the research object.Through the design of a climatic data warehousing system,the decoding methods of surface meteorological data and their application in the managemen...In this paper,Wuzhou City of Guangxi was taken as the research object.Through the design of a climatic data warehousing system,the decoding methods of surface meteorological data and their application in the management of climatic data were explored.Based on the parsing technology of the monthly report of surface meteorological records(A-file),the design of Wuzhou climatic data warehousing system was realized,completing the precise extraction and database construction of observational elements such as regional temperature,wind direction,and weather phenomena.Based on this system,the meteorological data in 2024 were analyzed,and the probabilistic characteristics of dominant wind direction in Wuzhou(northeast wind accounting for the largest proportion),the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of extreme temperatures(annual extreme high temperature of 37.1℃in August and extreme low temperature of 1.9℃in January),and the general climatic overview of Wuzhou City(annual precipitation 3.2%higher than the standard value)were revealed.The research shows that climate change has a significant impact on agricultural production and economic development in Wuzhou City,and the construction of a reasonable climatic data database is of great significance for enhancing professional meteorological service capabilities in the context of climate change.This study not only provides a scientific basis for the economic development of Wuzhou region,but also offers reference ideas for other regions to cope with regional climate adaptation planning.展开更多
Meteorological detection environments hold a fundamental and pioneering position in the development of meteorological undertakings,serving as the scientific support for accurately conducting weather forecast,professio...Meteorological detection environments hold a fundamental and pioneering position in the development of meteorological undertakings,serving as the scientific support for accurately conducting weather forecast,professional meteorological services,and disaster prevention and mitigation decision.The safety and stability of meteorological detection environments are of vital importance,and any behavior that damages or affects the detection environments is not allowed.In this paper,the factors influencing meteorological detection environments in the new era were explored,and measures to protect meteorological detection environments were proposed,such as strictly implementing the protection system of meteorological detection environments,lawfully investigating and punishing destructive behaviors,intensifying the publicity of the protection law,and enhancing public awareness.展开更多
Weather,climatic conditions and assessment of meteorological disaster risks are all important factors that restrict and affect the smooth holding of major events.It is crucial to accurately and promptly grasp the weat...Weather,climatic conditions and assessment of meteorological disaster risks are all important factors that restrict and affect the smooth holding of major events.It is crucial to accurately and promptly grasp the weather forecast at key nodes such as the start,critical period and end of major events to deal with the adverse effects caused by sudden weather.The intelligent grid forecast system has been gradually applied in meteorological service guarantee work,and effectively improved the accuracy and refinement level of weather forecast.It is needed to provide full-process and refined meteorological service guarantee,promote the standardization and normalization of meteorological services for major events,and enhance the level and efficiency of meteorological services.展开更多
With the development of Internet of things technology,the real-time collection and transmission of meteorological data has become particularly important.Especially in response to emergencies such as natural disasters,...With the development of Internet of things technology,the real-time collection and transmission of meteorological data has become particularly important.Especially in response to emergencies such as natural disasters,it is very important to improve the efficiency of decision-making by quickly obtaining accurate meteorological observation data.However,the traditional method of meteorological data collection and transmission has a large delay in data acquisition due to the conversion of public network and internal network,which affects the timeliness of emergency decision-making.This paper proposes a solution based on the Internet of things platform combined with MQTT protocol,which aims to realize the efficient and reliable real-time collection and transmission of meteorological data,shorten the data acquisition time,improve the emergency response speed,and meet the needs of temporary observation.展开更多
Ulanqab City is rich in wind and solar energy resources,and the development prospects of wind power and photovoltaic power generation industry are broad.The development of new energy is one of the important measures t...Ulanqab City is rich in wind and solar energy resources,and the development prospects of wind power and photovoltaic power generation industry are broad.The development of new energy is one of the important measures to address climate change.In this study,the current situation of climate argumentation,meteorological observation,weather forecast and meteorological services carried out by the meteorological departments of Ulanqab City in the development and utilization of wind and solar resources was analyzed.Refined meteorological services are the guarantee for the development of new energy industry.In the future,it is necessary to further enhance the capacity of energy meteorological services,promote and apply digital information technology,and strengthen the level of meteorological services.展开更多
With the intensification of global climate change,flood disasters have become increasingly frequent,and satellite remote sensing has become a core technical means for flood monitoring.The Fengyun meteorological satell...With the intensification of global climate change,flood disasters have become increasingly frequent,and satellite remote sensing has become a core technical means for flood monitoring.The Fengyun meteorological satellites,independently developed by China,hold irreplaceable application value in the timely and efficient monitoring of flood disasters.As a systematic review,this study aims to address the lack of systematic regarding the evolutionary trajectory and application status of Fengyun satellites in flood monitoring.By integrating relevant domestic and international research,it systematically reviws the FengYun-1 to FengYun-4 satellite series in flood monitoring and their application practices on a global scale,and clarifies the complete evolutionary of water body identification technologies—from the early visual interpretation method and the threshold method that dominated in the 1980s–1990s,to the machine learning method emerged in the 1990s,and further to the mixed-pixel decomposition technology pursuing sub-pixel-level accuracy.This study identifies the applicable scenarios and limitations of various water body identification technologies,analyzes the key issues in current applications,summarizes the core advantages of Fengyun meteorological satellites and technical bottlenecks that need to be overcome,and provides an outlook on future development directions in flood monitoring.Finally,it offers systematic theoretical references and practical guidance for the technological upgrading and operational application of flood monitoring based on China’s independent satellite remote sensing.展开更多
As a prominent mode of variability in the tropical stratosphere on the interannual timescale,the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation(QBO)can significantly influence global atmospheric circulation and weather patterns.This stud...As a prominent mode of variability in the tropical stratosphere on the interannual timescale,the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation(QBO)can significantly influence global atmospheric circulation and weather patterns.This study explores the dynamic processes of QBO disruptions using the integrated climate model of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA)by nudging the tropical zonal winds toward observations.A comparative analysis with ERA5 reanalysis data shows that the nudged runs accurately replicate the general characteristics of the QBO,including the alternating QBO wind regimes and QBO disruption events.The evolution of the QBO winds is diagnosed using empirical orthogonal function and root-mean-square difference analyses,and the rarity of the disruption events is confirmed in the CMA model.Different aspects of the QBO disruptions and the relevant dynamics are present in the model.Firstly,the momentum budget analysis highlights the crucial roles of extratropical Rossby waves and non-orographic gravity waves in the transition from westerly to easterly winds during a disruption.Secondly,Kelvin waves and non-orographic gravity waves explain much of the transition from easterly to westerly winds near 40 hPa.Thirdly,the positive tendency from enhanced vertical advection further accelerates westerly momentum development via secondary meridional circulation.These findings underscore the importance of nudging techniques in understanding QBO dynamics,which provides valuable insights for future climate model improvements toward better forecasting QBO-related climate variability.Notably,due to model limitations,no QBO disruptions were simulated in the free-run experiments.展开更多
The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze pollution.To effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reducti...The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze pollution.To effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reduction measures.In this study,we analyzed surveillance data and found substantial decreases(ranging from 19.0%to 50.1%)in average annual mass concentrations of key pollutants(such as CO,SO_(2),NO_(2),and PM_(2.5))in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020.To precisely determine the contributions of meteorological conditions and emission reductions to the improvement of air quality in the Northeast Plain,we conducted three scenario simulations.By comparing source emissions in December 2016 and 2020 using the WRF-Chem model(except for SO_(2)),we observed significant reductions of 21.3%,8.8%,and 9.8%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,from 2016 to 2020.This highlights the essential role that meteorological conditions play in determining air quality in the Northeast Plain.Moreover,further reducing source emissions by 30%in December 2016 resulted in subsequent reductions of 25.3%,29.0%,4.5%,and 30.3%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,under the same meteorological conditions.Notably,source emission reduction was effective for PM_(2.5),SO_(2),and CO,but not for NO_(2).The improvement in air quality in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020 can be attributed to the combined effects of improved meteorological conditions and reduced pollution sources.展开更多
Based on the number of asthmatic children in the Children's Hospital of Yulin City,the monitoring data of daily pollen concentration,and routine meteorological and environmental monitoring data of Yulin City from ...Based on the number of asthmatic children in the Children's Hospital of Yulin City,the monitoring data of daily pollen concentration,and routine meteorological and environmental monitoring data of Yulin City from 2020 to 2022,the meteorological and environmental conditions of a thunderstorm asthma event in Yulin City in northern Shaanxi on September 9,2022 were analyzed.The results show that the strong convective weather was accompanied by a strong thunderstorm,lightning,gusts,short-time heavy precipitation and small hail,and the convective activity lasted for nearly 7 h.The short-term abrupt change of allergenic substances such as artemisia pollen caused by lightning,gusts and precipitation,the sudden drop in temperature,the inversion near the surface and the stimulation of cold air were the key meteorological conditions for the subsequent outbreak of asthma.In early September in 2022,the daily average pollen concentration in Yulin City was up to 1067.9 particles/1000 mm^(2),which was 113.3%and 41.2%higher than that of the same period in 2021 and 2020,respectively.The day before the thunderstorm,the pollen concentration soared to 2680 particles/1000 mm^(2),reaching the maximum of the year.The synergistic effect of the thunderstorm event and the sharp increase in pollen concentration on the previous day provided the background of heavy pollen pollution for this outbreak of thunderstorm asthma.O_(3)concentration was consistently high on the day of thunderstorm and the day before,and the peaks of O_(3)and PM 10 concentration appeared subsequently in the afternoon of the day,which became the background of air pollution for the asthma outbreak.展开更多
Kangbao County is located in the northwest of Bashang in Hebei Province,which is a sub-arid area in the middle temperate zone,with a cold and arid climate and frequent disastrous weather.The meteorological data of Kan...Kangbao County is located in the northwest of Bashang in Hebei Province,which is a sub-arid area in the middle temperate zone,with a cold and arid climate and frequent disastrous weather.The meteorological data of Kangbao County Meteorological Station from 1994 to 2023 were selected,and the meteorological elements such as air pressure,temperature,precipitation,wind,relative humidity,sunshine,thunderstorm,hail,gale,rainstorm,fog,and snow cover were counted.The climate background analysis and high-impact weather analysis were carried out in combination with the topographic characteristics,geographical location,and climate characteristics.The results of meteorological sensitivity survey in the park showed that industries such as food,agriculture and new energy are very sensitive to temperature.During the visit to the enterprises in the park,it was found that heavy precipitation,snow,strong winds and hail had a great impact on many industries,and it was recommended to carry out long-term planning and reasonable design of buildings.It should pay close attention to forecasts and early warnings,formulate emergency plans for high-impact weather defense,and actively take preventive measures.展开更多
Based on the data of NDVI and meteorological factors in Siziwang Banner from 2000 to 2021,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of NDVI in the grassland of Siziwang Banner and its responses to climate cha...Based on the data of NDVI and meteorological factors in Siziwang Banner from 2000 to 2021,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of NDVI in the grassland of Siziwang Banner and its responses to climate change were analyzed.The results show that the NDVI of grassland in Siziwang Banner tended to rise overall,with the average tendency rate of 0.05/10 a.The annual variation of NDVI was mainly driven by precipitation,and there was an extremely significant positive correlation between the two.During the growing season,temperature was positively correlated with NDVI in May,but then the correlation gradually turned negative.NDVI was generally positively correlated with precipitation,and there was a significant lag.展开更多
文摘The year 2024 marked the 40th anniversary of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS),as well as the centenary of the Chinese Meteorological Society(CMS).The inaugural issue of AAS was published in 1984,initially being sponsored primarily by Chinese National Committee for the International Association of Meteorological and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS)and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.In 2006,Springer became AAS’s international publisher.Then,in 2015,the CMS joined in sponsoring AAS,and in the same year,AAS also became an affiliated journal of the IAMAS.These milestone events helped broaden the reach of AAS,culminating in the journal establishing itself as a truly international journal supporting the advancement of the atmospheric sciences.
基金Supported by the Self-funded Research Project of Yunnan Meteorological Bureau in 2025(YZ202554)Key Open Laboratory of Heavy Precipitation in River Basins of the China Meteorological Administration(2023BHR-Y09).
文摘Based on conventional meteorological observation data,radar data and numerical forecast product data,the causes of the first large-scale,high-intensity and long-duration rainstorm in Dehong Prefecture during May 11-16,2022 were analyzed by using the weather dynamic diagnosis and analysis method.The results show that the rainstorm process was caused by strong uplift and condensation in the west and north of Yingjiang under the background of dry and cold northwest air circulation at 500 hPa,the absence of obvious influence of the south branch trough at 700 hPa,and strong southwest jet at 850 hPa.The southwest jet in the boundary layer provided sufficient warm water vapor,unstable energy and uplifting conditions for the rainstorm.Low-level convergence,high-level divergence and strong upward movement in the whole layer were conducive to the uplift and condensation of a large number of warm and humid air in the northwest of Yingjiang in Dehong Prefecture,which enhanced the development of mesoscale convective system(MCS)and prolonged the life history ofβmesoscale convective system.The application of satellite,radar and other mesoscale data has an important reference value for the tracking,correction,forecast and early warning of the rainstorm process.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant U2442214)the China Meteorological Administration Youth Innovation Team(Grant No.CMA2024QN10)+1 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau’s 14th Five-Year Civil Aerospace Preresearch Project(Grant Nos.D030303 and D040204)the International Space Water Cycle Observation Constellation Program(Grant No.183311KYSB20200015).
文摘China launched its first spaceborne Precipitation Measurement Radar(PMR)on the FY-3G satellite in April 2023.To achieve the scientific goal of measuring the three-dimensional precipitation structure,evaluating the quantitative measurement ability of the PMR is critical.China operates more than 250 weather radars over the mainland.Consistency of the spaceborne radar with ground-based radars will enhance precipitation measurement ability,especially over oceans and mountains where observations are sparse.Additionally,the spaceborne radar can be used to evaluate the spatial and temporal homogeneity of the ground-based radar network.This paper focuses on comparing the PMR onboard the FY-3G satellite with S-band China New Generation Weather Radars(CINRADs).A comparison algorithm between the PMR and CINRADs has been developed,incorporating detailed quality control,attenuation correction,data optimization,spatiotemporal matching,non-uniform beam filling constraint,uniformity constraint,and frequency correction.The matched data in typical months of four seasons were selected to carry out the comparison.The data consistency between the PMR and CINRADs was analyzed.The correlation coefficient is 0.87,the deviation is 0.89 dB,and the standard deviation is 2.50 dB,based on 98226 matching samples.The results show the radar reflectivity of the PMR is quite comparable to that of the CINRADs,demonstrating that the PMR data quality is satisfactory and can be used to verify and correct data consistency among multiple ground-based radars.This work also paves the way for data fusion and joint application of satellite and ground radars in the future.
文摘By analyzing the successful case of meteorological support services for the navigation ceremony of Langzhong Airport,the practice experience,existing problems and future improvement directions of aviation meteorological support services were analyzed and summarized to provide reference for the airport and its subsequent aviation meteorological support services in the future.
文摘The occurrence characteristics and impacts of agricultural meteorological disasters during the main growth period of potatoes in Ulanqab City were analyzed.According to the development needs of modern potato industry,some countermeasures for meteorological services in the disaster prevention and mitigation of potatoes were proposed,such as strengthening intelligent and digital meteorological services,and building a full-chain meteorological service for the entire growth period of potatoes.The aim is to reduce the impact of disasters and increase the yield and quality of potatoes through intelligent and digital meteorological services.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3006505)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.B240203007)the National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention(Grant No.524015222)。
文摘Understanding the evolution and lag effects of droughts is critical to effective drought warning and water resources management.However,due to limited hydrological data,few studies have examined hydrological droughts and their lag time from meteorological droughts at a daily scale.In this study,precipitation data were collected to calculate the standardized precipitation index(SPI),and runoff data simulated by the variable infiltration capacity(VIC)model were utilized to compute the standardized runoff index(SRI).The three-threshold run theory was used to identify drought characteristics in China.These drought characteristics were utilized to investigate spatiotemporal variations,seasonal trends,and temporal changes in areas affected by meteorological and hydrological droughts.Additionally,the interconnections and lag effects between meteorological and hydrological droughts were explored.The results indicated that(1)drought occurred during approximately 28%of the past 34 years in China;(2)drought conditions tended to worsen in autumn and weaken in winter;(3)drought-affected areas shifted from northwest to northeast and finally to southern China;and(4)the correlation between meteorological and hydrological droughts was lower in the northwest and higher in the southeast,with all correlation coefficients exceeding 0.7.The lag times between meteorological and hydrological droughts were longest(5 d)in the Yangtze River,Yellow River,and Hai River basins,and shortest(0 d)in the Tarim River Basin.This study provides a scientific basis for effective early warning of droughts.
基金the Science and Technology Research Project of Shandong Meteorological Bureau(2022SDQN11)Science and Technology Research Project of Yantai Meteorological Bureau(2024ytcx07).
文摘Based on the monitoring data of PM 10 concentration from six environmental monitoring stations and the ground meteorological observation data in Yantai City from 2019 to 2021,the spatial and temporal variation of PM 10 concentration and its relationship with meteorological factors were studied.The results show that from the perspective of temporal variation,the annual average of PM 10 concentration in Yantai City tended to decrease year by year.It was high in winter and spring and low in summer and autumn.In terms of monthly variation,the changing curve is U-shaped,and it was high in December and January but low in July and August.During a day,PM 10 concentration had two peaks.The first peak appeared approximately from 09:00 to 11:00,and the second peak can be found from 21:00 to 23:00.From the perspective of spatial distribution,PM 10 concentration was the highest in the development area and Fushan District.It was the highest in the west,followed by the east,while it was the lowest in the middle.The spatial difference rate was the highest in summer.Average temperature,relative humidity,wind speed and precipitation were the main meteorological factors influencing PM 10 concentration in Yantai area.PM 10 concentration was negatively correlated with average temperature and relative humidity,and the correlation was the most significant from June to October.It was negatively correlated with wind speed and precipitation,and the correlation was different in various months.The negative correlation was significant in summer and winter.
基金the Fifth Batch of Innovation Teams of Wuzhou Meteorological Bureau"Wuzhou Innovation Team for Enhancing the Comprehensive Meteorological Observation Ability through Digitization and Intelligence"Wuzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(202402122,202402119).
文摘[Objective]In response to the issue of insufficient integrity in hourly routine meteorological element data files,this paper aims to improve the availability and reliability of data files,and provide high-quality data file support for meteorological forecasting and services.[Method]In this paper,an efficient and accurate method for data file quality control and fusion processing is developed.By locating the missing measurement time,data are extracted from the"AWZ.db"database and the minute routine meteorological element data file,and merged into the hourly routine meteorological element data file.[Result]Data processing efficiency and accuracy are significantly improved,and the problem of incomplete hourly routine meteorological element data files is solved.At the same time,it emphasizes the importance of ensuring the accuracy of the files used and carefully checking and verifying the fusion results,and proposes strategies to improve data quality.[Conclusion]This method provides convenience for observation personnel and effectively improves the integrity and accuracy of data files.In the future,it is expected to provide more reliable data support for meteorological forecasting and services.
文摘Based on the monitoring data of air quality and conventional meteorological data in Shaoyang City,a severe pollution weather process in Shaoyang from December 25,2023 to January 1,2024 was analyzed from the aspects of changes in pollutant concentration,circulation background,and changes in various meteorological elements.The results show that this severe pollution weather process was a compound pollution process caused by accumulation of local pollutants and transportation of external pollutants,during which the primary pollutant was PM_(2.5).During the accumulation stage,the ground was controlled by a uniform pressure field,and the conditions of atmospheric diffusion were poor.During the outbreak stage,the wind on the ground was from the northeast,which was conducive to the input of upstream pollution clusters into the city.Pollutant concentration was inversely correlated with daily average sea-level pressure,and positively correlated with daily average temperature.Wind speed and direction were closely related to PM_(2.5)concentration.During the accumulation stage,the ground was mainly dominated by weak winds,and the conditions of atmospheric diffusion were poor.During the outbreak stage,the continuous northeastward wind continuously transported upstream pollutants to Shaoyang area.Local pollutants accumulated in the previous stable weather process and the terrain led to the outbreak of local pollution.
基金Supported by the Fifth Batch of Innovation Teams of Wuzhou Meteorological Bureau“Wuzhou Innovation Team for Enhancing the Comprehensive Meteorological Observation Ability through Digitization and Intelligence”Project of Wuzhou Science and Technology Bureau(202402122)Wuzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(202402119).
文摘In this paper,Wuzhou City of Guangxi was taken as the research object.Through the design of a climatic data warehousing system,the decoding methods of surface meteorological data and their application in the management of climatic data were explored.Based on the parsing technology of the monthly report of surface meteorological records(A-file),the design of Wuzhou climatic data warehousing system was realized,completing the precise extraction and database construction of observational elements such as regional temperature,wind direction,and weather phenomena.Based on this system,the meteorological data in 2024 were analyzed,and the probabilistic characteristics of dominant wind direction in Wuzhou(northeast wind accounting for the largest proportion),the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of extreme temperatures(annual extreme high temperature of 37.1℃in August and extreme low temperature of 1.9℃in January),and the general climatic overview of Wuzhou City(annual precipitation 3.2%higher than the standard value)were revealed.The research shows that climate change has a significant impact on agricultural production and economic development in Wuzhou City,and the construction of a reasonable climatic data database is of great significance for enhancing professional meteorological service capabilities in the context of climate change.This study not only provides a scientific basis for the economic development of Wuzhou region,but also offers reference ideas for other regions to cope with regional climate adaptation planning.
文摘Meteorological detection environments hold a fundamental and pioneering position in the development of meteorological undertakings,serving as the scientific support for accurately conducting weather forecast,professional meteorological services,and disaster prevention and mitigation decision.The safety and stability of meteorological detection environments are of vital importance,and any behavior that damages or affects the detection environments is not allowed.In this paper,the factors influencing meteorological detection environments in the new era were explored,and measures to protect meteorological detection environments were proposed,such as strictly implementing the protection system of meteorological detection environments,lawfully investigating and punishing destructive behaviors,intensifying the publicity of the protection law,and enhancing public awareness.
文摘Weather,climatic conditions and assessment of meteorological disaster risks are all important factors that restrict and affect the smooth holding of major events.It is crucial to accurately and promptly grasp the weather forecast at key nodes such as the start,critical period and end of major events to deal with the adverse effects caused by sudden weather.The intelligent grid forecast system has been gradually applied in meteorological service guarantee work,and effectively improved the accuracy and refinement level of weather forecast.It is needed to provide full-process and refined meteorological service guarantee,promote the standardization and normalization of meteorological services for major events,and enhance the level and efficiency of meteorological services.
基金Supported by Wuzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(202202047).
文摘With the development of Internet of things technology,the real-time collection and transmission of meteorological data has become particularly important.Especially in response to emergencies such as natural disasters,it is very important to improve the efficiency of decision-making by quickly obtaining accurate meteorological observation data.However,the traditional method of meteorological data collection and transmission has a large delay in data acquisition due to the conversion of public network and internal network,which affects the timeliness of emergency decision-making.This paper proposes a solution based on the Internet of things platform combined with MQTT protocol,which aims to realize the efficient and reliable real-time collection and transmission of meteorological data,shorten the data acquisition time,improve the emergency response speed,and meet the needs of temporary observation.
文摘Ulanqab City is rich in wind and solar energy resources,and the development prospects of wind power and photovoltaic power generation industry are broad.The development of new energy is one of the important measures to address climate change.In this study,the current situation of climate argumentation,meteorological observation,weather forecast and meteorological services carried out by the meteorological departments of Ulanqab City in the development and utilization of wind and solar resources was analyzed.Refined meteorological services are the guarantee for the development of new energy industry.In the future,it is necessary to further enhance the capacity of energy meteorological services,promote and apply digital information technology,and strengthen the level of meteorological services.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No.U2542205.
文摘With the intensification of global climate change,flood disasters have become increasingly frequent,and satellite remote sensing has become a core technical means for flood monitoring.The Fengyun meteorological satellites,independently developed by China,hold irreplaceable application value in the timely and efficient monitoring of flood disasters.As a systematic review,this study aims to address the lack of systematic regarding the evolutionary trajectory and application status of Fengyun satellites in flood monitoring.By integrating relevant domestic and international research,it systematically reviws the FengYun-1 to FengYun-4 satellite series in flood monitoring and their application practices on a global scale,and clarifies the complete evolutionary of water body identification technologies—from the early visual interpretation method and the threshold method that dominated in the 1980s–1990s,to the machine learning method emerged in the 1990s,and further to the mixed-pixel decomposition technology pursuing sub-pixel-level accuracy.This study identifies the applicable scenarios and limitations of various water body identification technologies,analyzes the key issues in current applications,summarizes the core advantages of Fengyun meteorological satellites and technical bottlenecks that need to be overcome,and provides an outlook on future development directions in flood monitoring.Finally,it offers systematic theoretical references and practical guidance for the technological upgrading and operational application of flood monitoring based on China’s independent satellite remote sensing.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42275056).
文摘As a prominent mode of variability in the tropical stratosphere on the interannual timescale,the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation(QBO)can significantly influence global atmospheric circulation and weather patterns.This study explores the dynamic processes of QBO disruptions using the integrated climate model of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA)by nudging the tropical zonal winds toward observations.A comparative analysis with ERA5 reanalysis data shows that the nudged runs accurately replicate the general characteristics of the QBO,including the alternating QBO wind regimes and QBO disruption events.The evolution of the QBO winds is diagnosed using empirical orthogonal function and root-mean-square difference analyses,and the rarity of the disruption events is confirmed in the CMA model.Different aspects of the QBO disruptions and the relevant dynamics are present in the model.Firstly,the momentum budget analysis highlights the crucial roles of extratropical Rossby waves and non-orographic gravity waves in the transition from westerly to easterly winds during a disruption.Secondly,Kelvin waves and non-orographic gravity waves explain much of the transition from easterly to westerly winds near 40 hPa.Thirdly,the positive tendency from enhanced vertical advection further accelerates westerly momentum development via secondary meridional circulation.These findings underscore the importance of nudging techniques in understanding QBO dynamics,which provides valuable insights for future climate model improvements toward better forecasting QBO-related climate variability.Notably,due to model limitations,no QBO disruptions were simulated in the free-run experiments.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFF0802501)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2022416)+1 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(No.2022JQ-267)the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(No.SKLLQG2335).
文摘The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze pollution.To effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reduction measures.In this study,we analyzed surveillance data and found substantial decreases(ranging from 19.0%to 50.1%)in average annual mass concentrations of key pollutants(such as CO,SO_(2),NO_(2),and PM_(2.5))in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020.To precisely determine the contributions of meteorological conditions and emission reductions to the improvement of air quality in the Northeast Plain,we conducted three scenario simulations.By comparing source emissions in December 2016 and 2020 using the WRF-Chem model(except for SO_(2)),we observed significant reductions of 21.3%,8.8%,and 9.8%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,from 2016 to 2020.This highlights the essential role that meteorological conditions play in determining air quality in the Northeast Plain.Moreover,further reducing source emissions by 30%in December 2016 resulted in subsequent reductions of 25.3%,29.0%,4.5%,and 30.3%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,under the same meteorological conditions.Notably,source emission reduction was effective for PM_(2.5),SO_(2),and CO,but not for NO_(2).The improvement in air quality in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020 can be attributed to the combined effects of improved meteorological conditions and reduced pollution sources.
基金Supported by the People's Government of Yulin City(2023-SF-09)Yulin Meteorological Bureau(2024Y-02)Open Research Fund Project of Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Meteorology in the Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau(2022Y-21).
文摘Based on the number of asthmatic children in the Children's Hospital of Yulin City,the monitoring data of daily pollen concentration,and routine meteorological and environmental monitoring data of Yulin City from 2020 to 2022,the meteorological and environmental conditions of a thunderstorm asthma event in Yulin City in northern Shaanxi on September 9,2022 were analyzed.The results show that the strong convective weather was accompanied by a strong thunderstorm,lightning,gusts,short-time heavy precipitation and small hail,and the convective activity lasted for nearly 7 h.The short-term abrupt change of allergenic substances such as artemisia pollen caused by lightning,gusts and precipitation,the sudden drop in temperature,the inversion near the surface and the stimulation of cold air were the key meteorological conditions for the subsequent outbreak of asthma.In early September in 2022,the daily average pollen concentration in Yulin City was up to 1067.9 particles/1000 mm^(2),which was 113.3%and 41.2%higher than that of the same period in 2021 and 2020,respectively.The day before the thunderstorm,the pollen concentration soared to 2680 particles/1000 mm^(2),reaching the maximum of the year.The synergistic effect of the thunderstorm event and the sharp increase in pollen concentration on the previous day provided the background of heavy pollen pollution for this outbreak of thunderstorm asthma.O_(3)concentration was consistently high on the day of thunderstorm and the day before,and the peaks of O_(3)and PM 10 concentration appeared subsequently in the afternoon of the day,which became the background of air pollution for the asthma outbreak.
文摘Kangbao County is located in the northwest of Bashang in Hebei Province,which is a sub-arid area in the middle temperate zone,with a cold and arid climate and frequent disastrous weather.The meteorological data of Kangbao County Meteorological Station from 1994 to 2023 were selected,and the meteorological elements such as air pressure,temperature,precipitation,wind,relative humidity,sunshine,thunderstorm,hail,gale,rainstorm,fog,and snow cover were counted.The climate background analysis and high-impact weather analysis were carried out in combination with the topographic characteristics,geographical location,and climate characteristics.The results of meteorological sensitivity survey in the park showed that industries such as food,agriculture and new energy are very sensitive to temperature.During the visit to the enterprises in the park,it was found that heavy precipitation,snow,strong winds and hail had a great impact on many industries,and it was recommended to carry out long-term planning and reasonable design of buildings.It should pay close attention to forecasts and early warnings,formulate emergency plans for high-impact weather defense,and actively take preventive measures.
文摘Based on the data of NDVI and meteorological factors in Siziwang Banner from 2000 to 2021,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of NDVI in the grassland of Siziwang Banner and its responses to climate change were analyzed.The results show that the NDVI of grassland in Siziwang Banner tended to rise overall,with the average tendency rate of 0.05/10 a.The annual variation of NDVI was mainly driven by precipitation,and there was an extremely significant positive correlation between the two.During the growing season,temperature was positively correlated with NDVI in May,but then the correlation gradually turned negative.NDVI was generally positively correlated with precipitation,and there was a significant lag.
