This paper investigates the effects of a combination of art therapy and medical device interventions on stress reduction,loneliness and social connection among the elderly in rehabilitation hospitals.The subjects saw ...This paper investigates the effects of a combination of art therapy and medical device interventions on stress reduction,loneliness and social connection among the elderly in rehabilitation hospitals.The subjects saw artworks,activated memory,and performed expressive art-making,using instruments that prompted memory recall and relaxation.They measured pre-and post-intervention cortisol,loneliness,and social satisfaction using quantitative and qualitative data.Researchers found significant decreases in stress biomarkers and loneliness scores,as well as higher social connectivity.These findings show how integrative art therapy could be a non-invasive means of mental health support for the old that provides profound emotional and social benefits.It’s clear from this work that the combination of traditional therapeutic art techniques and technological devices could provide a roadmap for gerontological care.展开更多
Phantom limb pain(PLP)is not only a physical pain experience but also poses a significant challenge to mental health and quality of life.Currently,the mechanism of PLP treatment is still unclear,and there are many met...Phantom limb pain(PLP)is not only a physical pain experience but also poses a significant challenge to mental health and quality of life.Currently,the mechanism of PLP treatment is still unclear,and there are many methods with varying effects.This article starts with the application research of extended reality technology in PLP treatment,through describing the application of its branch technologies(virtual reality,augmented reality,and mixed reality technology),to lay the foundation for subsequent research,in the hope of finding advanced and effective treatment methods,and providing a basis for future product transformation.展开更多
This study provides a detailed analysis of the application of blockchain and Internet of Things(IoT)technologies in various aspects of commodity management,addressing issues such as information asymmetry,data security...This study provides a detailed analysis of the application of blockchain and Internet of Things(IoT)technologies in various aspects of commodity management,addressing issues such as information asymmetry,data security and privacy challenges,insufficient supply chain transparency,and difficulties in regulation.The study also explores the challenges and strategies associated with the implementation of these technologies.Through this analysis,the article aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for improving the efficiency and quality of commodity management,thereby promoting the digital transformation of commodity management.展开更多
Basic medical education is the cornerstone of healthcare development,directly impacting the well-being of a nation’s population.The advancement of modern medicine has raised increasing demands on the research capabil...Basic medical education is the cornerstone of healthcare development,directly impacting the well-being of a nation’s population.The advancement of modern medicine has raised increasing demands on the research capabilities of medical students.Therefore,it is crucial to foster their research interests and cultivate their research skills early in their education.As core components of basic medical science and introductory courses to immerse medical students in the intricate microscopic world of the human body,histology and embryology are indispensable in medical education,igniting their curiosity.Incorporating cutting-edge research into education courses can effectively stimulate medical students’research interests.This article primarily focuses on histology and embryology to explore how the latest scientific advancements and emerging technologies can be incorporated into basic medical curricula,offering insights and suggestions for future developments in medical education.展开更多
Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)materials offer significant advantages in trauma care due to their degradable nature and superior mechanical properties.This study reports the first successful use of degradable Mg clips in ...Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)materials offer significant advantages in trauma care due to their degradable nature and superior mechanical properties.This study reports the first successful use of degradable Mg clips in damage control surgery for pelvic fractures,addressing challenges associated with severe hemorrhage and high mortality rates(30-70%).A 57-year-old male patient with pelvic fractures and traumatic shock underwent open reduction and internal fixation with Mg clips.At a six-month follow-up,imaging confirmed fracture healing,clip degradation,and no signs of rebleeding or infection,highlighting their effectiveness in precise hemorrhage control.Unlike traditional titanium clips,Mg clips degrade over time,eliminating the need for removal and reducing infection risks.This innovative approach combines Mg clips with conventional gauze packing,offering a more effective and safer alternative for managing pelvic trauma.Future large-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings and establish Mg clips as a global standard for pelvic fracture treatment.Their portability and functionality hold promise for advancing emergency trauma care.展开更多
Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)-based metals can undergo spontaneous corrosion and full degradation in the human body,releasing magnesium ions,hydroxides,and hydrogen.Mg and its alloys have shown preliminary success as an...Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)-based metals can undergo spontaneous corrosion and full degradation in the human body,releasing magnesium ions,hydroxides,and hydrogen.Mg and its alloys have shown preliminary success as an implantable biomaterial.Current research on biodegradable Mg-based metals addresses clinical challenges,including material design and preparation,property enhancement,and exploring relevant biological functions.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biomedical applications of Mg-based implants across eight fields:cardiovascular,orthopedics,stomatology,general surgery,neurosurgery,fat metabolism,and other potential areas,building upon previously published work.The challenges and prospects of biodegradable Mg-based implants in these application fields are discussed.展开更多
This study examines the integration of narrative medicine(NM)into primary healthcare(PHC)settings,evaluating its role in enhancing medical humanities education within grassroots healthcare institutions.Through a compr...This study examines the integration of narrative medicine(NM)into primary healthcare(PHC)settings,evaluating its role in enhancing medical humanities education within grassroots healthcare institutions.Through a comprehensive literature review and case analysis,the research investigates the current state,challenges,and practical barriers to embedding NM into PHC systems,while proposing targeted strategies for improvement.The findings suggest that NM fosters stronger doctor-patient trust,enhances healthcare quality,and promotes humanistic care.However,primary hospitals face numerous challenges in advancing medical humanities,including a lack of trust between doctors and patients,tensions arising from the commercialization of healthcare,institutional limitations,unequal distribution of resources,and issues related to physicians'professional competencies and stress management.These interrelated obstacles detract from the quality of PHC services and the overall patient experience.Drawing on successful case studies from primary hospitals,the paper outlines effective strategies for overcoming these challenges.The study provides both theoretical and practical insights for advancing medical humanities in PHC,contributing to improvements in healthcare service quality and supporting the development of high standards in the healthcare sector.Ultimately,the findings aim to promote the broader adoption and ongoing refinement of NM within PHC institutions.展开更多
Stroke is the leading cause of mortality globally,ultimately leading to severe,lifelong neurological impairments.Patients often suffer from a secondary cascade of damage,including neuroinflammation,cytotoxicity,oxidat...Stroke is the leading cause of mortality globally,ultimately leading to severe,lifelong neurological impairments.Patients often suffer from a secondary cascade of damage,including neuroinflammation,cytotoxicity,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial dysfunction.Regrettably,there is a paucity of clinically available therapeutics to address these issues.Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal roles of astrocytes,the most abundant glial cells in the brain,throughout the various stages of ischemic stroke.In this comprehensive review,we initially provide an overview of the fundamental physiological functions of astrocytes in the brain,emphasizing their critical role in modulating neuronal homeostasis,synaptic activity,and blood-brain barrier integrity.We then delve into the growing body of evidence that highlights the functional diversity and heterogeneity of astrocytes in the context of ischemic stroke.Their well-established contributions to energy provision,metabolic regulation,and neurotransmitter homeostasis,as well as their emerging roles in mitochondrial recovery,neuroinflammation regulation,and oxidative stress modulation following ischemic injury,are discussed in detail.We also explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning these functions,with particular emphasis on recently identified targets within astrocytes that offer promising prospects for therapeutic intervention.In the final section of this review,we offer a detailed overview of the current therapeutic strategies targeting astrocytes in the treatment of ischemic stroke.These astrocyte-targeting strategies are categorized into traditional small-molecule drugs,microRNAs(miRNAs),stem cell-based therapies,cellular reprogramming,hydrogels,and extracellular vesicles.By summarizing the current understanding of astrocyte functions and therapeutic targeting approaches,we aim to highlight the critical roles of astrocytes during and after stroke,particularly in the pathophysiological development in ischemic stroke.We also emphasize promising avenues for novel,astrocyte-targeted therapeutics that could become clinically available options,ultimately improving outcomes for patients with stroke.展开更多
Standard bacterial suspensions play a crucial role in microbiological diagnosis.Traditional prepar-ation methods,which rely heavily on manual operations,face challenges such as poor reproducibility,low ef-ficiency,and...Standard bacterial suspensions play a crucial role in microbiological diagnosis.Traditional prepar-ation methods,which rely heavily on manual operations,face challenges such as poor reproducibility,low ef-ficiency,and biosafety concerns.In this study,we propose a high-precision automated colony extraction and separation system that combines large-field imaging and artificial intelligence(AI)to facilitate intelligent screening and localization of colonies.Firstly,a large-field imaging system was developed to capture high-resolution images of 90 mm Petri dishes,achieving a physical resolution of 13.2μm and an imaging speed of 13 frames per second.Subsequently,AI technology was employed for the automatic recognition and localiza-tion of colonies,enabling the selection of target colonies with diameters ranging from 1.9 to 2.3 mm.Next,a three-axis motion control platform was designed,accompanied by a path planning algorithm for the efficient extraction of colonies.An electronic pipette was employed for accurate colony collection.Additionally,a bacterial suspension concentration measurement module was developed,incorporating a 650 nm laser diode as the light source,achieving a measurement accuracy of 0.01 McFarland concentration(MCF).Finally,the system’s performance was validated through the preparation of an Esckerichia coli(E.coli)suspension.After 17 hours of cultivation,E.coli was extracted four times,achieving the target concentration set by the system.This work is expected to enable rapid and accurate microbial sample preparation,significantly reducing de-tection cycles and alleviating the workload of healthcare personnel.展开更多
The blood-spinal cord barrier is crucial for preserving homeostasis of the central nervous system.After spinal cord injury,autophagic flux within endothelial cells is disrupted,compromising the integrity of the blood-...The blood-spinal cord barrier is crucial for preserving homeostasis of the central nervous system.After spinal cord injury,autophagic flux within endothelial cells is disrupted,compromising the integrity of the blood-spinal cord barrier.This disruption facilitates extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells,resulting in exacerbated neuroinflammatory responses,neuronal death,and impaired neuronal regeneration.Previous research has demonstrated that photobiomodulation promotes the regeneration of damaged nerves following spinal cord injury by inhibiting the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the injured site and restoring neuronal mitochondrial function.However,the precise mechanisms by which photobiomodulation regulates neuroinflammation remain incompletely elucidated.In this study,we established a mouse model of spinal cord injury and assessed the effects of photobiomodulation treatment.Photobiomodulation effectively cleared damaged mitochondria from endothelial cells in mice,promoting recovery of hindlimb motor function.Using microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation,we found that the effects of photobiomodulation were mediated through activation of the PINK1/Parkin pathway.Additionally,photobiomodulation reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress levels and increased the expression of tight junction proteins within the blood-spinal cord barrier.Our findings suggest that photobiomodulation activates mitochondrial autophagy in endothelial cells through the PINK1/Parkin pathway,thereby promoting repair of the blood-spinal cord barrier following spinal cord injury.展开更多
Urinary tract infections(UTIs)are among the most prevalent pediatric bacterial infections,and undertreated episodes may lead to renal scarring,hypertension,or chronic kidney disease.Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacte...Urinary tract infections(UTIs)are among the most prevalent pediatric bacterial infections,and undertreated episodes may lead to renal scarring,hypertension,or chronic kidney disease.Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacterales have been increasingly reported in children,with higher rates in Asian and Middle Eastern settings than in high-income countries[1,2].展开更多
With the growth of global protein demand and the development of plant-based foods,pea protein,as a low-allergenic,nutritionally balanced and environmentally friendly plant protein,has shown great potential in replacin...With the growth of global protein demand and the development of plant-based foods,pea protein,as a low-allergenic,nutritionally balanced and environmentally friendly plant protein,has shown great potential in replacing animal protein.Pea protein is mainly composed of globulin and albumin,with a protein content of 20%to 30%,and has a balanced amino acid composition,as well as being rich in minerals and dietary fiber.It also possesses good foaming,gelling,emulsifying and antioxidant functional properties.However,pea protein also has inherent defects that limit its application in the food industry.This article systematically reviews the extraction techniques,functional properties,modification methods and application fields of pea protein,and focuses on evaluating the effects of different extraction and modification strategies on protein yield and functional properties.Research shows that ultrasonic-assisted alkaline extraction can reduce solvent usage by 55%,shorten extraction time by 50%,and increase extraction rate by 12.51%;under optimized conditions,ultrafiltration membrane technology can achieve a protein purity of 91%.In terms of modification,ultrasonic treatment increases foaming capacity by 37.4%,and phenolic cross-linking increases gel strength from 3.0 kPa to 48 kPa.This article provides data support and theoretical reference for the efficient extraction and functional optimization of pea protein,and has promoting significance for its wide application in plant-based foods.展开更多
Objective:To analyse the prevalence of serotypes,antibiotic resistance,and virulence genes of Group B Streptococcus(GBS)strains isolated from pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam,from...Objective:To analyse the prevalence of serotypes,antibiotic resistance,and virulence genes of Group B Streptococcus(GBS)strains isolated from pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam,from January 2022 to January 2023.Methods:GBS strains were isolated through selective culture methods and confirmed by PCR.Serotyping,virulence gene detection,and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using PCR,gel electrophoresis techniques and Kirby-Bauer test.Results:Totally,61 GBS isolated from 300 participants have been identified including seven GBS serotypes(Ⅰa,Ⅰb,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,andⅥ).SerotypesⅦ,Ⅷ,andⅨwere not detected in the study population.Antibiotic resistance patterns varied:13.1%of isolates were fully susceptible,while the majority showed multi-drug resistance,with 34.4%resistant to three antibiotics.SerotypeⅠa demonstrated high susceptibility(35.7%),while serotypeⅢshowed extensive resistance,with 87.5%being resistant to at least three antibiotics.All strains are susceptible to vancomycin andβ-lactams susceptibility also remained high,but resistance to clindamycin,erythromycin,and tetracycline was high(>65%).The virulence genes scpB,cylB,fbsB,and cfb were highly prevalent(90%-100%),indicating their potential for vaccine and diagnostic development.Conclusions:Our findings provide valuable insights into GBS serotypes,resistance,and virulence factors,contributing to community monitoring,preventive measures,diagnostics,and vaccine development.However,the limited sample size necessitates further research.展开更多
Aging is a complex biological process characterized by nine hallmarks,including genomic instability,mitochondrial dysfunction,and chronic inflammation,which collectively drive the progression of age-related chronic no...Aging is a complex biological process characterized by nine hallmarks,including genomic instability,mitochondrial dysfunction,and chronic inflammation,which collectively drive the progression of age-related chronic non-communicable diseases.Phytonutrients,a class of bioactive secondary metabolites abundant in plants,have emerged as a promising research focus for intervening in the aging process due to their multifaceted biological activities.This review systematically elaborates on the molecular mechanisms,key signaling pathways,specifically SIRT1,Nrf2/ARE,and AMPK/mTOR,and the synergistic anti-aging effects of four typical phytonutrient categories:polyphenols(e.g.,resveratrol,quercetin),carotenoids(e.g.,lycopene,astaxanthin),sulfur compounds(e.g.,α-lipoic acid,ergothioneine),and phytoestrogens(e.g.,soybean isoflavones).The evidence indicates that these compounds combat aging through a multidimensional network involving direct antioxidant actions,free radical scavenging,metal chelation,promotion of autophagy,and modulation of inflammatory and epigenetic pathways.Crucially,the review highlights that synergistic interactions between different phytonutrients can significantly enhance their efficacy beyond the effect of any single compound.The aim is to consolidate the anti-aging evidence of phytonutrients and address the current translational challenges,such as bioavailability and a lack of robust human trials,thereby providing a comprehensive theoretical framework for developing effective,diet-centered strategies to promote healthy aging and reduce the global burden of non-communicable diseases.展开更多
Our previous study demonstrated that combined transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and retinal progenitor cells in rats has therapeutic effects on retinal degeneration that are superior to transplanta...Our previous study demonstrated that combined transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and retinal progenitor cells in rats has therapeutic effects on retinal degeneration that are superior to transplantation of retinal progenitor cells alone.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells regulate and interact with various cells in the retinal microenvironment by secreting neurotrophic factors and extracellular vesicles.Small extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,which offer low immunogenicity,minimal tumorigenic risk,and ease of transportation,have been utilized in the treatment of various neurological diseases.These vesicles exhibit various activities,including anti-inflammatory actions,promotion of tissue repair,and immune regulation.Therefore,novel strategies using human retinal progenitor cells combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles may represent an innovation in stem cell therapy for retinal degeneration.In this study,we developed such an approach utilizing retinal progenitor cells combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles to treat retinal degeneration in Royal College of Surgeons rats,a genetic model of retinal degeneration.Our findings revealed that the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles and retinal progenitor cells significantly improved visual function in these rats.The addition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles as adjuvants to stem cell transplantation with retinal progenitor cells enhanced the survival,migration,and differentiation of the exogenous retinal progenitor cells.Concurrently,these small extracellular vesicles inhibited the activation of regional microglia,promoted the migration of transplanted retinal progenitor cells to the inner nuclear layer of the retina,and facilitated their differentiation into photoreceptors and bipolar cells.These findings suggest that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of retinal progenitor cells in retinal degeneration by promoting their survival and differentiation.展开更多
In recent years,exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research.Exosomes are small and can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier,...In recent years,exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research.Exosomes are small and can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier,allowing them to target deep brain lesions.Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from different cell types may exert therapeutic effects by regulating the expression of various inflammatory cytokines,mRNAs,and disease-related proteins,thereby halting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and exhibiting beneficial effects.However,exosomes are composed of lipid bilayer membranes and lack the ability to recognize specific target cells.This limitation can lead to side effects and toxicity when they interact with non-specific cells.Growing evidence suggests that surface-modified exosomes have enhanced targeting capabilities and can be used as targeted drug-delivery vehicles that show promising results in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.In this review,we provide an up-to-date overview of existing research aimed at devising approaches to modify exosomes and elucidating their therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases.Our findings indicate that exosomes can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier to facilitate drug delivery and can also serve as early diagnostic markers for neurodegenerative diseases.We introduce the strategies being used to enhance exosome targeting,including genetic engineering,chemical modifications(both covalent,such as click chemistry and metabolic engineering,and non-covalent,such as polyvalent electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions,ligand-receptor binding,aptamer-based modifications,and the incorporation of CP05-anchored peptides),and nanomaterial modifications.Research into these strategies has confirmed that exosomes have significant therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.However,several challenges remain in the clinical application of exosomes.Improvements are needed in preparation,characterization,and optimization methods,as well as in reducing the adverse reactions associated with their use.Additionally,the range of applications and the safety of exosomes require further research and evaluation.展开更多
Dear Editor,Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis(LWNH)is a rare,sporadic pigmentary disorder characterized by hyperpigmented macules arranged in linear streaks and whorls along Blaschko's lines,typically appea...Dear Editor,Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis(LWNH)is a rare,sporadic pigmentary disorder characterized by hyperpigmented macules arranged in linear streaks and whorls along Blaschko's lines,typically appearing within the first few weeks of life[1],and remains a challenge to treat.Here,we report a case of LWNH and review the relevant literature to help clinicians better understand this disease.展开更多
Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological prop...Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
AIM:To conduct a genetic analysis of Han-Chinese patients with isolated congenital ptosis(ICP)and identify the genetic variants related to the condition.METHODS:Sixty-five unrelated patients with ICP were enrolled.Com...AIM:To conduct a genetic analysis of Han-Chinese patients with isolated congenital ptosis(ICP)and identify the genetic variants related to the condition.METHODS:Sixty-five unrelated patients with ICP were enrolled.Comprehensive clinical examinations,whole exome sequencing(WES),and Sanger sequencing were used to reveal the potential genetic causes.Combined with public and in-house control databases,multiple bioinformatics prediction tools,and conservation analysis,the potential variants were further analyzed.AlphaFold 3,an accurate modelling prediction tool,was utilized to generate three-dimensional structural models of both wild-type and mutated proteins.RESULTS:Three novel heterozygous variants in the zinc finger homeobox 4 gene(ZFHX4),c.5145C>A(p.N1715K),c.10382C>T(p.A3461V),and c.10795G>A(p.A3599T),were identified in three patients,respectively.Bioinformatics analyses suggested that these variants are likely to exert deleterious effects,supporting their potential involvement in the pathogenesis of ptosis.CONCLUSION:The novel heterozygous ZFHX4 variants are identified as disease-associated variants in three patients with ptosis,suggesting that ZFHX4 may be a disease-causing gene for autosomal dominant ICP with incomplete penetrance or a susceptibility gene.These findings expand the variant spectrum of ZFHX4,improve understanding of the pathogenesis of ZFHX4-related ptosis,and may contribute to the genetic counseling and disease management,as well as the development of experimental treatments.展开更多
Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of...Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP typically involve the use of imaging technologies,such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and ultrasound,and scoring systems,including Ranson,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II,and Bedside Index for Severity in AP scores.Computed tomography is considered the gold standard imaging modality for AP due to its high sensitivity and specificity,while magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound can provide additional information on biliary obstruction and vascular complications.Scoring systems utilize clinical and laboratory parameters to classify AP patients into mild,moderate,or severe categories,guiding treatment decisions,such as intensive care unit admission,early enteral feeding,and antibiotic use.Despite the central role of imaging technologies and scoring systems in AP management,these methods have limitations in terms of accuracy,reproducibility,practicality and economics.Recent advancements of artificial intelligence(AI)provide new opportunities to enhance their performance by analyzing vast amounts of clinical and imaging data.AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of clinical and imaging data,identify scoring system patterns,and predict the clinical course of disease.AI-based models have shown promising results in predicting the severity and mortality of AP,but further validation and standardization are required before widespread clinical application.In addition,understanding the correlation between these three technologies will aid in developing new methods that can accurately,sensitively,and specifically be used in the diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP through complementary advantages.展开更多
文摘This paper investigates the effects of a combination of art therapy and medical device interventions on stress reduction,loneliness and social connection among the elderly in rehabilitation hospitals.The subjects saw artworks,activated memory,and performed expressive art-making,using instruments that prompted memory recall and relaxation.They measured pre-and post-intervention cortisol,loneliness,and social satisfaction using quantitative and qualitative data.Researchers found significant decreases in stress biomarkers and loneliness scores,as well as higher social connectivity.These findings show how integrative art therapy could be a non-invasive means of mental health support for the old that provides profound emotional and social benefits.It’s clear from this work that the combination of traditional therapeutic art techniques and technological devices could provide a roadmap for gerontological care.
文摘Phantom limb pain(PLP)is not only a physical pain experience but also poses a significant challenge to mental health and quality of life.Currently,the mechanism of PLP treatment is still unclear,and there are many methods with varying effects.This article starts with the application research of extended reality technology in PLP treatment,through describing the application of its branch technologies(virtual reality,augmented reality,and mixed reality technology),to lay the foundation for subsequent research,in the hope of finding advanced and effective treatment methods,and providing a basis for future product transformation.
文摘This study provides a detailed analysis of the application of blockchain and Internet of Things(IoT)technologies in various aspects of commodity management,addressing issues such as information asymmetry,data security and privacy challenges,insufficient supply chain transparency,and difficulties in regulation.The study also explores the challenges and strategies associated with the implementation of these technologies.Through this analysis,the article aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for improving the efficiency and quality of commodity management,thereby promoting the digital transformation of commodity management.
基金supported by Shanghai Rising-Star Program(22QA1411500)Naval Medical University(2023MS0001).
文摘Basic medical education is the cornerstone of healthcare development,directly impacting the well-being of a nation’s population.The advancement of modern medicine has raised increasing demands on the research capabilities of medical students.Therefore,it is crucial to foster their research interests and cultivate their research skills early in their education.As core components of basic medical science and introductory courses to immerse medical students in the intricate microscopic world of the human body,histology and embryology are indispensable in medical education,igniting their curiosity.Incorporating cutting-edge research into education courses can effectively stimulate medical students’research interests.This article primarily focuses on histology and embryology to explore how the latest scientific advancements and emerging technologies can be incorporated into basic medical curricula,offering insights and suggestions for future developments in medical education.
基金supported by grants from the Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Guidance Project for General Hospitals of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(ZXXT-202311)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC2416800)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52201300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232024D-34).
文摘Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)materials offer significant advantages in trauma care due to their degradable nature and superior mechanical properties.This study reports the first successful use of degradable Mg clips in damage control surgery for pelvic fractures,addressing challenges associated with severe hemorrhage and high mortality rates(30-70%).A 57-year-old male patient with pelvic fractures and traumatic shock underwent open reduction and internal fixation with Mg clips.At a six-month follow-up,imaging confirmed fracture healing,clip degradation,and no signs of rebleeding or infection,highlighting their effectiveness in precise hemorrhage control.Unlike traditional titanium clips,Mg clips degrade over time,eliminating the need for removal and reducing infection risks.This innovative approach combines Mg clips with conventional gauze packing,offering a more effective and safer alternative for managing pelvic trauma.Future large-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings and establish Mg clips as a global standard for pelvic fracture treatment.Their portability and functionality hold promise for advancing emergency trauma care.
基金supported by grants from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232024D-34 and No 2232023A-10)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52201300)+4 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC2416800)the Shanghai Pujiang Program(No.23PJ1400500 and No 23PJ1400600)the State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Major/key program(No.23M1060280)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2022758)the Medicine-Engineering Interdisciplinary Project of Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center(No.SHXYFYG202305).
文摘Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)-based metals can undergo spontaneous corrosion and full degradation in the human body,releasing magnesium ions,hydroxides,and hydrogen.Mg and its alloys have shown preliminary success as an implantable biomaterial.Current research on biodegradable Mg-based metals addresses clinical challenges,including material design and preparation,property enhancement,and exploring relevant biological functions.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biomedical applications of Mg-based implants across eight fields:cardiovascular,orthopedics,stomatology,general surgery,neurosurgery,fat metabolism,and other potential areas,building upon previously published work.The challenges and prospects of biodegradable Mg-based implants in these application fields are discussed.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82272204 and No.824721882022 Key Clinical Specialty of Zhejiang Province(Critical Care Medicine)+4 种基金“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang,No.2023C03084Wenzhou Major Science and Technology Innovation Project,No.ZY2023005Central Guiding Local Technology Development,No.2024ZY01012Zhejiang Provincial College Students'Science and Technology Innovation Activity Program,No.2024R413A037National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students,No.202410343030.
文摘This study examines the integration of narrative medicine(NM)into primary healthcare(PHC)settings,evaluating its role in enhancing medical humanities education within grassroots healthcare institutions.Through a comprehensive literature review and case analysis,the research investigates the current state,challenges,and practical barriers to embedding NM into PHC systems,while proposing targeted strategies for improvement.The findings suggest that NM fosters stronger doctor-patient trust,enhances healthcare quality,and promotes humanistic care.However,primary hospitals face numerous challenges in advancing medical humanities,including a lack of trust between doctors and patients,tensions arising from the commercialization of healthcare,institutional limitations,unequal distribution of resources,and issues related to physicians'professional competencies and stress management.These interrelated obstacles detract from the quality of PHC services and the overall patient experience.Drawing on successful case studies from primary hospitals,the paper outlines effective strategies for overcoming these challenges.The study provides both theoretical and practical insights for advancing medical humanities in PHC,contributing to improvements in healthcare service quality and supporting the development of high standards in the healthcare sector.Ultimately,the findings aim to promote the broader adoption and ongoing refinement of NM within PHC institutions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82001325Visiting Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province,No.20236-01(both to CS).
文摘Stroke is the leading cause of mortality globally,ultimately leading to severe,lifelong neurological impairments.Patients often suffer from a secondary cascade of damage,including neuroinflammation,cytotoxicity,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial dysfunction.Regrettably,there is a paucity of clinically available therapeutics to address these issues.Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal roles of astrocytes,the most abundant glial cells in the brain,throughout the various stages of ischemic stroke.In this comprehensive review,we initially provide an overview of the fundamental physiological functions of astrocytes in the brain,emphasizing their critical role in modulating neuronal homeostasis,synaptic activity,and blood-brain barrier integrity.We then delve into the growing body of evidence that highlights the functional diversity and heterogeneity of astrocytes in the context of ischemic stroke.Their well-established contributions to energy provision,metabolic regulation,and neurotransmitter homeostasis,as well as their emerging roles in mitochondrial recovery,neuroinflammation regulation,and oxidative stress modulation following ischemic injury,are discussed in detail.We also explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning these functions,with particular emphasis on recently identified targets within astrocytes that offer promising prospects for therapeutic intervention.In the final section of this review,we offer a detailed overview of the current therapeutic strategies targeting astrocytes in the treatment of ischemic stroke.These astrocyte-targeting strategies are categorized into traditional small-molecule drugs,microRNAs(miRNAs),stem cell-based therapies,cellular reprogramming,hydrogels,and extracellular vesicles.By summarizing the current understanding of astrocyte functions and therapeutic targeting approaches,we aim to highlight the critical roles of astrocytes during and after stroke,particularly in the pathophysiological development in ischemic stroke.We also emphasize promising avenues for novel,astrocyte-targeted therapeutics that could become clinically available options,ultimately improving outcomes for patients with stroke.
文摘Standard bacterial suspensions play a crucial role in microbiological diagnosis.Traditional prepar-ation methods,which rely heavily on manual operations,face challenges such as poor reproducibility,low ef-ficiency,and biosafety concerns.In this study,we propose a high-precision automated colony extraction and separation system that combines large-field imaging and artificial intelligence(AI)to facilitate intelligent screening and localization of colonies.Firstly,a large-field imaging system was developed to capture high-resolution images of 90 mm Petri dishes,achieving a physical resolution of 13.2μm and an imaging speed of 13 frames per second.Subsequently,AI technology was employed for the automatic recognition and localiza-tion of colonies,enabling the selection of target colonies with diameters ranging from 1.9 to 2.3 mm.Next,a three-axis motion control platform was designed,accompanied by a path planning algorithm for the efficient extraction of colonies.An electronic pipette was employed for accurate colony collection.Additionally,a bacterial suspension concentration measurement module was developed,incorporating a 650 nm laser diode as the light source,achieving a measurement accuracy of 0.01 McFarland concentration(MCF).Finally,the system’s performance was validated through the preparation of an Esckerichia coli(E.coli)suspension.After 17 hours of cultivation,E.coli was extracted four times,achieving the target concentration set by the system.This work is expected to enable rapid and accurate microbial sample preparation,significantly reducing de-tection cycles and alleviating the workload of healthcare personnel.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82471411(to ZW and TD)the Key Research and DevelopmentProgram of Shaanxi Province,No.2023-ZDLSF-12(to TD).
文摘The blood-spinal cord barrier is crucial for preserving homeostasis of the central nervous system.After spinal cord injury,autophagic flux within endothelial cells is disrupted,compromising the integrity of the blood-spinal cord barrier.This disruption facilitates extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells,resulting in exacerbated neuroinflammatory responses,neuronal death,and impaired neuronal regeneration.Previous research has demonstrated that photobiomodulation promotes the regeneration of damaged nerves following spinal cord injury by inhibiting the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the injured site and restoring neuronal mitochondrial function.However,the precise mechanisms by which photobiomodulation regulates neuroinflammation remain incompletely elucidated.In this study,we established a mouse model of spinal cord injury and assessed the effects of photobiomodulation treatment.Photobiomodulation effectively cleared damaged mitochondria from endothelial cells in mice,promoting recovery of hindlimb motor function.Using microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation,we found that the effects of photobiomodulation were mediated through activation of the PINK1/Parkin pathway.Additionally,photobiomodulation reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress levels and increased the expression of tight junction proteins within the blood-spinal cord barrier.Our findings suggest that photobiomodulation activates mitochondrial autophagy in endothelial cells through the PINK1/Parkin pathway,thereby promoting repair of the blood-spinal cord barrier following spinal cord injury.
文摘Urinary tract infections(UTIs)are among the most prevalent pediatric bacterial infections,and undertreated episodes may lead to renal scarring,hypertension,or chronic kidney disease.Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacterales have been increasingly reported in children,with higher rates in Asian and Middle Eastern settings than in high-income countries[1,2].
文摘With the growth of global protein demand and the development of plant-based foods,pea protein,as a low-allergenic,nutritionally balanced and environmentally friendly plant protein,has shown great potential in replacing animal protein.Pea protein is mainly composed of globulin and albumin,with a protein content of 20%to 30%,and has a balanced amino acid composition,as well as being rich in minerals and dietary fiber.It also possesses good foaming,gelling,emulsifying and antioxidant functional properties.However,pea protein also has inherent defects that limit its application in the food industry.This article systematically reviews the extraction techniques,functional properties,modification methods and application fields of pea protein,and focuses on evaluating the effects of different extraction and modification strategies on protein yield and functional properties.Research shows that ultrasonic-assisted alkaline extraction can reduce solvent usage by 55%,shorten extraction time by 50%,and increase extraction rate by 12.51%;under optimized conditions,ultrafiltration membrane technology can achieve a protein purity of 91%.In terms of modification,ultrasonic treatment increases foaming capacity by 37.4%,and phenolic cross-linking increases gel strength from 3.0 kPa to 48 kPa.This article provides data support and theoretical reference for the efficient extraction and functional optimization of pea protein,and has promoting significance for its wide application in plant-based foods.
文摘Objective:To analyse the prevalence of serotypes,antibiotic resistance,and virulence genes of Group B Streptococcus(GBS)strains isolated from pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam,from January 2022 to January 2023.Methods:GBS strains were isolated through selective culture methods and confirmed by PCR.Serotyping,virulence gene detection,and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using PCR,gel electrophoresis techniques and Kirby-Bauer test.Results:Totally,61 GBS isolated from 300 participants have been identified including seven GBS serotypes(Ⅰa,Ⅰb,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,andⅥ).SerotypesⅦ,Ⅷ,andⅨwere not detected in the study population.Antibiotic resistance patterns varied:13.1%of isolates were fully susceptible,while the majority showed multi-drug resistance,with 34.4%resistant to three antibiotics.SerotypeⅠa demonstrated high susceptibility(35.7%),while serotypeⅢshowed extensive resistance,with 87.5%being resistant to at least three antibiotics.All strains are susceptible to vancomycin andβ-lactams susceptibility also remained high,but resistance to clindamycin,erythromycin,and tetracycline was high(>65%).The virulence genes scpB,cylB,fbsB,and cfb were highly prevalent(90%-100%),indicating their potential for vaccine and diagnostic development.Conclusions:Our findings provide valuable insights into GBS serotypes,resistance,and virulence factors,contributing to community monitoring,preventive measures,diagnostics,and vaccine development.However,the limited sample size necessitates further research.
基金supported by the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.21YF1418500)the Shanghai Chenguang Program(No.21CGA70)+1 种基金the three-year action plan for strengthening the construction of the public health system in Shanghai(No.GWVI-11.2-YQ12)Additionally,we would like to thank the Shanghai Oriental Talents Program-Youth Project(Education Platform)for its support of this study.
文摘Aging is a complex biological process characterized by nine hallmarks,including genomic instability,mitochondrial dysfunction,and chronic inflammation,which collectively drive the progression of age-related chronic non-communicable diseases.Phytonutrients,a class of bioactive secondary metabolites abundant in plants,have emerged as a promising research focus for intervening in the aging process due to their multifaceted biological activities.This review systematically elaborates on the molecular mechanisms,key signaling pathways,specifically SIRT1,Nrf2/ARE,and AMPK/mTOR,and the synergistic anti-aging effects of four typical phytonutrient categories:polyphenols(e.g.,resveratrol,quercetin),carotenoids(e.g.,lycopene,astaxanthin),sulfur compounds(e.g.,α-lipoic acid,ergothioneine),and phytoestrogens(e.g.,soybean isoflavones).The evidence indicates that these compounds combat aging through a multidimensional network involving direct antioxidant actions,free radical scavenging,metal chelation,promotion of autophagy,and modulation of inflammatory and epigenetic pathways.Crucially,the review highlights that synergistic interactions between different phytonutrients can significantly enhance their efficacy beyond the effect of any single compound.The aim is to consolidate the anti-aging evidence of phytonutrients and address the current translational challenges,such as bioavailability and a lack of robust human trials,thereby providing a comprehensive theoretical framework for developing effective,diet-centered strategies to promote healthy aging and reduce the global burden of non-communicable diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82271132(to YL),82101167(to BB)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,Nos.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0020(to BB),cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0473(to FC).
文摘Our previous study demonstrated that combined transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and retinal progenitor cells in rats has therapeutic effects on retinal degeneration that are superior to transplantation of retinal progenitor cells alone.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells regulate and interact with various cells in the retinal microenvironment by secreting neurotrophic factors and extracellular vesicles.Small extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,which offer low immunogenicity,minimal tumorigenic risk,and ease of transportation,have been utilized in the treatment of various neurological diseases.These vesicles exhibit various activities,including anti-inflammatory actions,promotion of tissue repair,and immune regulation.Therefore,novel strategies using human retinal progenitor cells combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles may represent an innovation in stem cell therapy for retinal degeneration.In this study,we developed such an approach utilizing retinal progenitor cells combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles to treat retinal degeneration in Royal College of Surgeons rats,a genetic model of retinal degeneration.Our findings revealed that the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles and retinal progenitor cells significantly improved visual function in these rats.The addition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles as adjuvants to stem cell transplantation with retinal progenitor cells enhanced the survival,migration,and differentiation of the exogenous retinal progenitor cells.Concurrently,these small extracellular vesicles inhibited the activation of regional microglia,promoted the migration of transplanted retinal progenitor cells to the inner nuclear layer of the retina,and facilitated their differentiation into photoreceptors and bipolar cells.These findings suggest that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of retinal progenitor cells in retinal degeneration by promoting their survival and differentiation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.22103055(to JG)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,No.F2024110001(to HC)Open Project of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System,Nos.2024LODTS215(to NL),2024LODTS216(to XS).
文摘In recent years,exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research.Exosomes are small and can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier,allowing them to target deep brain lesions.Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from different cell types may exert therapeutic effects by regulating the expression of various inflammatory cytokines,mRNAs,and disease-related proteins,thereby halting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and exhibiting beneficial effects.However,exosomes are composed of lipid bilayer membranes and lack the ability to recognize specific target cells.This limitation can lead to side effects and toxicity when they interact with non-specific cells.Growing evidence suggests that surface-modified exosomes have enhanced targeting capabilities and can be used as targeted drug-delivery vehicles that show promising results in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.In this review,we provide an up-to-date overview of existing research aimed at devising approaches to modify exosomes and elucidating their therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases.Our findings indicate that exosomes can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier to facilitate drug delivery and can also serve as early diagnostic markers for neurodegenerative diseases.We introduce the strategies being used to enhance exosome targeting,including genetic engineering,chemical modifications(both covalent,such as click chemistry and metabolic engineering,and non-covalent,such as polyvalent electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions,ligand-receptor binding,aptamer-based modifications,and the incorporation of CP05-anchored peptides),and nanomaterial modifications.Research into these strategies has confirmed that exosomes have significant therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.However,several challenges remain in the clinical application of exosomes.Improvements are needed in preparation,characterization,and optimization methods,as well as in reducing the adverse reactions associated with their use.Additionally,the range of applications and the safety of exosomes require further research and evaluation.
文摘Dear Editor,Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis(LWNH)is a rare,sporadic pigmentary disorder characterized by hyperpigmented macules arranged in linear streaks and whorls along Blaschko's lines,typically appearing within the first few weeks of life[1],and remains a challenge to treat.Here,we report a case of LWNH and review the relevant literature to help clinicians better understand this disease.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Hong Kong Joint Funding Project,No.SGDX20230116093645007(to LY)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee International Cooperation Project,No.GJHZ20200731095608025(to LY)+7 种基金Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission’s Intelligent Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention of Adolescent Spinal Health Public Service Platform,No.S2002Q84500835(to LY)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund,No.B2303005(to LY)Team-based Medical Science Research Program,No.2024YZZ02(to LY)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LWQ20H170001(to RL)Basic Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology from Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission,No.JCYJ20210324103010029(to BY)Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital Clinical Research Fund of Guangdong Province High-level Hospital Construction Project,Nos.2023yjlcyj029(to BY),2023yjlcyj021(to LL)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2022A1515110679(to LL)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2022M722203(to GL).
文摘Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81873686)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2023JJ30715)+4 种基金Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission(No.A202303018385)Health Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission(No.W20243024)Distinguished Professor of the Lotus Scholars Award Program of Hunan ProvinceSublimation Scholars Project of Central South UniversityWisdom Accumulation and Talent Cultivation Project of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(No.YX202109).
文摘AIM:To conduct a genetic analysis of Han-Chinese patients with isolated congenital ptosis(ICP)and identify the genetic variants related to the condition.METHODS:Sixty-five unrelated patients with ICP were enrolled.Comprehensive clinical examinations,whole exome sequencing(WES),and Sanger sequencing were used to reveal the potential genetic causes.Combined with public and in-house control databases,multiple bioinformatics prediction tools,and conservation analysis,the potential variants were further analyzed.AlphaFold 3,an accurate modelling prediction tool,was utilized to generate three-dimensional structural models of both wild-type and mutated proteins.RESULTS:Three novel heterozygous variants in the zinc finger homeobox 4 gene(ZFHX4),c.5145C>A(p.N1715K),c.10382C>T(p.A3461V),and c.10795G>A(p.A3599T),were identified in three patients,respectively.Bioinformatics analyses suggested that these variants are likely to exert deleterious effects,supporting their potential involvement in the pathogenesis of ptosis.CONCLUSION:The novel heterozygous ZFHX4 variants are identified as disease-associated variants in three patients with ptosis,suggesting that ZFHX4 may be a disease-causing gene for autosomal dominant ICP with incomplete penetrance or a susceptibility gene.These findings expand the variant spectrum of ZFHX4,improve understanding of the pathogenesis of ZFHX4-related ptosis,and may contribute to the genetic counseling and disease management,as well as the development of experimental treatments.
基金Fujian Provincial Health Technology Project,No.2020GGA079Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2021J011380National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.62276146.
文摘Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas,with clinical management determined by the severity of the disease.Diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP typically involve the use of imaging technologies,such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and ultrasound,and scoring systems,including Ranson,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II,and Bedside Index for Severity in AP scores.Computed tomography is considered the gold standard imaging modality for AP due to its high sensitivity and specificity,while magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound can provide additional information on biliary obstruction and vascular complications.Scoring systems utilize clinical and laboratory parameters to classify AP patients into mild,moderate,or severe categories,guiding treatment decisions,such as intensive care unit admission,early enteral feeding,and antibiotic use.Despite the central role of imaging technologies and scoring systems in AP management,these methods have limitations in terms of accuracy,reproducibility,practicality and economics.Recent advancements of artificial intelligence(AI)provide new opportunities to enhance their performance by analyzing vast amounts of clinical and imaging data.AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of clinical and imaging data,identify scoring system patterns,and predict the clinical course of disease.AI-based models have shown promising results in predicting the severity and mortality of AP,but further validation and standardization are required before widespread clinical application.In addition,understanding the correlation between these three technologies will aid in developing new methods that can accurately,sensitively,and specifically be used in the diagnosis,severity prediction,and prognosis assessment of AP through complementary advantages.
