This paper exhibits the construction and development of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CACMS),based on Lian ZHU’s acupuncture academic thought,focusing on the practi...This paper exhibits the construction and development of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CACMS),based on Lian ZHU’s acupuncture academic thought,focusing on the practice of the hospital development during the past 74 years,from 1951 to 2025,and by analyzing the development trajectory and elaborating the four-dimensional collaborative development mode guided by Lian ZHU’s thought,grounded in clinical evidence,driven by scientific innovation,guided by international standards,and rooted in educational inheritance.(1)After more than 70 years of development,Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of CACMS has developed into the typical small-scaled general hospital of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with acupuncture-moxibustion as the main intervention,and has obtained a fruitful achievement in academic research.(2)The Hospital has led and participated in the formulation of a number of clinical practice guidelines of China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,is entitled as the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for traditional medicine,and has been ranked among the top in the outpatient visits of acupuncture-moxibustion department of TCM hospitals in Beijing for years.(3)There is a well-known professional team of acupuncture-moxibustion of TCM in the Hospital,and with the characteristic modes of acupuncture-moxibustion diagnosis and treatment delivered,the remarkable curative effects have been obtained in treatment of diseases in neurological,gynecological diseases,orthopedic departments,as well as pain disorders,allergic diseases.(4)In the future,facing the opportunities and challenges in the development of global healthcare,it is necessary to deepen the research on“intelligent acupuncture and moxibustion”,integrating modern technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data,exploring the potential value of acupuncture and moxibustion,discovering and innovating theoretical research on acupuncture and moxibustion,establishing scientific methods,standardizing clinical operation techniques,and driving the creative transformation of TCM.(5)The hospital lays the great consideration to the cultivation of acupuncture-moxibustion talents by means of multiple approaches,in order to deeply grasp the essence of TCM and improve the comprehensive quality of talents.(6)The hospital keeps on the leading role of international communication,advancing the international exchange and cooperation of acupuncture and moxibustion,and contributes more eastern wisdom to global health governance,and promote acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM,the treasure of the Chinese nation to display its importance in the world.展开更多
Background: Kind of delivery affect many aspects of individuals, families and health systems situations. The aim of this study was to identify the Role of non-medical factors on choice of delivery (CS/NVD) in hospital...Background: Kind of delivery affect many aspects of individuals, families and health systems situations. The aim of this study was to identify the Role of non-medical factors on choice of delivery (CS/NVD) in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was performed to identify the factors involved in the choice of delivery (CS/NVD) among women attending hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data was derived from the medical records of women who gave birth in the hospitals. Results: A significant statistical relationship was found between factors such as age of mother, level of education, occupational status, type of previous delivery, person supervising the pregnancy and dissatisfaction about delivery were more frequent in women who underwent CS than those who gave birth by NVD. Conclusion: The highly increasing rise in the rate of unnecessary CS during throughout the world, and its adverse effect on maternal and child health, the financial burden imposed on families and health systems, has highlighted the importance of studies to identify the non-medical factors that affect decision-making concerning type of delivery as well as to determine the appropriate medical indications of CS.展开更多
In recent decades, substantial increase in average weight of individuals has been seen in rich countries. Such changes are the result of significant changes in pattern of people’s lives. One of these issues is increa...In recent decades, substantial increase in average weight of individuals has been seen in rich countries. Such changes are the result of significant changes in pattern of people’s lives. One of these issues is increasing levels in consumption of fast foods or processed foods. According to experts, the consumption of processed foods, because of having high-calories and trans-fatty acids, is fattening and harmful. In this study, the researchers after obtaining permission from the ethics committee and head of the School of Nursing, introduced themselves to nursing students then, samples were randomly selected among those who are eligible for the study. Before performing to complete the questionnaire and relevant experiments, testimonial were asked from the subjects. At the end of the study, results were suggested that, levels of Serum folate between males and females and also among married and single people were equivalent. Level of Serum folate among those students who usually have anemia in their families is significantly lower than those ones who have not anemia in their families (P = 0.003). There was a significant relationship between age and semester with levels of folate (P i.e. by increasing age and educational terms, levels of serum folate would be reduced. The level of serum folate among students who smoke is lesser than those do not (P = 0.001).展开更多
Medical diagnostic X-rays are the largest manmade source of ionizing radiation received by the members of the general public. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic reject/repeat rate and also to deter...Medical diagnostic X-rays are the largest manmade source of ionizing radiation received by the members of the general public. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic reject/repeat rate and also to determine dose to the patients from radiographic rejects/repeats in radiology centers of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. During a 4 month period the most frequently examinations were chosen in three radiology centers. A form was designed as a reject/repeat analysis form for radiographers to complete each time a film was rejected by radiologists or repeated. The collected data were compiled at the end of each week and entered into a computer for analysis at the end of study. The results of this study showed that highest and lowest repetition rates were for pelvis, 14.01% and upper limb, 4.17%, respectively. The main reasons of repetition of radiographs were due to exposure (54%) and positioning (18%) errors. The average repeat rate in all three hospitals was 7.20%. It was found that human error has important role to repetition of radiographs. It is demonstrated that those patients having repeated radiographs received an average of 3.23 Gy·cm2. Based on the findings of this study it must be remembered that the highest repetition rate was for pelvis. Considering the radiosensitive organs related to pelvis especially in pediatric patients some special considerations must be applied for pelvis examinations.展开更多
Introduction: Self evaluation is a process that defines and collects required data to judge about decision making issues at educational system on whether the educational department is fit to educate students? The obje...Introduction: Self evaluation is a process that defines and collects required data to judge about decision making issues at educational system on whether the educational department is fit to educate students? The objective of this study was determining the quality of the structural elements of the department of Communicable Diseases & determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to improve the quality of activities in the department under research. Materials and Methods: The employed method was Mixed methods (qualitative & quantitative research), on the basis of 10 procedural steps and within 8 sections dealing with evaluated factors;such as 1) organizational and management structure 2) scientific board members 3) students 4) Manpower 5) Space of educational research and health care 6) Equipment 7) curriculum 8) satisfaction of graduates, which were studied using 61 criteria and 172 indicators. Five-point Likert Scale was used for the responses in the questionnaire (1 - 1.75 = undesirable, to 4.2 - 5 completely desirable). Finally the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics indices and the assessment software of the Educational Development Center of TUMS. The instruments used in this method included assessment software, interview, observation and self-prepared questionnaire which consisted of 7 questionnaires and 2 check lists. Finding: The results of the research showed that general average of 8 investigating sections was 56.9% as a rather desirable research work. Conclusions: Therefore, it was concluded that function of the educational management in that group was directly in line with evaluation process, but continuing the process of evaluation seems necessary.展开更多
This pilot study evaluated effectiveness and acceptance of a new hospital-based reproductive endocrinology curriculum among Iranian medical students. A voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was used to compare two teachi...This pilot study evaluated effectiveness and acceptance of a new hospital-based reproductive endocrinology curriculum among Iranian medical students. A voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was used to compare two teaching methods as applied to junior medical students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Students were randomly assigned to one of two clinical teaching settings;no student experienced both modules. Coursework for the pilot (experimental) group (n = 19) utilized a teaching approach comprising lectures, genetics laboratory, pelvic ultrasound, small group sessions, and opportunities to observe advanced reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization, ICSI, and embryo transfer. A control group (n = 34) received reproductive endocrinology instruction by the ‘traditional curriculum’, consisting mainly of lectures. Students were sampled at baseline and again atthe conclusion of their reproductive endocrinology session. Pre- and post-test data were analyzed for both groups;post-test differences between groups were also compared. No significant differences in mean age or gender mix were identified between the two study groups. Overall, the ques- tionnaire did not identify any significant intergroup differences for any parameter investigated. Although student acceptance rate appeared similar for both educational modules, the ratio of students having a “favorable regard” for reproductive medicine declined only among students randomized to the control group (41.2% vs. 32.3%). This report offers the first data on teaching reproductive endocrinology to medical students in Iran. Both traditional and innovative approaches to teaching reproductive endocrinology were well-accepted by students, although negative post-test responses were more common among students in the control group. While periodic quality assessments for existing clinical teaching methods are necessary, introduction of alternative teaching approaches is also important. Additional studies are planned to evaluate the impact this initiative may have on results on standardized tests measuring reproductive endocrinology knowledge, as well as election of further specialization in training.展开更多
Objective: The effort–reward imbalance(ERI) model claims that work that has the characteristics of high effort and low reward has a mutual defect between input and output and this imbalance may result in sustained an...Objective: The effort–reward imbalance(ERI) model claims that work that has the characteristics of high effort and low reward has a mutual defect between input and output and this imbalance may result in sustained and long-lasting results. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the intention to leave the profession(ILP) and ERI and job satisfaction among the medical staff in Qom Province.Methods: A descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 202 medical staff in Qom Province based on random sampling in 2018. Demographics checklist, standard ILP, job satisfaction, and Siegrist’s ERI questionnaires were used for data collection. The chisquared test, independent t-test, and one-way Analyses of Variance(ANOVA) were used to analyze data.Results: The mean age of employees was 32.04 ± 7.9 years, and 165(87.1%) of the employees were women. The results showed that the medical staff was willing to leave their profession at a moderate level(40.7 ± 10.3). There was no significant relationship between demographics and ILP. Nevertheless, a significant and inverse relationship was observed between ERI(r:0.318, P < 0.01) and ILP(r: 0.197, P < 0.01). Leave the profession(LP) had a negative correlation with the dimensions of job descriptive index(JDI) such as job, manager, coworker and wage score(P < 0.01, r:-0.147, r:-0.262, r:-0.292, r:-0.271, r:-0.396).Conclusions: According to the results, managers need to make sure that their working staff is rewarded as they deserve. According to the results, managers need to ensure that the reward factor is observed for the staff, while an ERI imbalance may contribute to ILP of the staff. On the other hand, it leads to job satisfaction.展开更多
Recent years have witnessed a dynamic develop of Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),which was founded in 1921,and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS),which was founded in 1956.In the new era of building a"H...Recent years have witnessed a dynamic develop of Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),which was founded in 1921,and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS),which was founded in 1956.In the new era of building a"Healthy China",General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized the importance of a profound understanding of the Chinese civilization to let the world better know and understand China,and urged efforts to combine theories and practices to expound how to better uphold the Chinese path,promote the Chinese spirit,and pool together the Chinese strength[1].As an active response,PUMC organized the first Conference of History of Medicine on May 20-21,2023[2],Based on the rich history of PUMC and with an attempt to explore history,inherit the traditional Chinese culture,and promote the spirit of modern medicine,we issued the following call at the conference。展开更多
In this study 70 male students were participated to determine the thyroid disorder through ultrasonography. Thyroid scan was done in 70 students prospectively with no indicative of thyroid disease (age of 19 - 23 yrs)...In this study 70 male students were participated to determine the thyroid disorder through ultrasonography. Thyroid scan was done in 70 students prospectively with no indicative of thyroid disease (age of 19 - 23 yrs). Thyroid scan for students who participated the study took place in the department of Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University by using an IU 22 Philips ultrasound machine with a 5 - 12 MHz linear transducer. Among the total number of the subjects, 26% was found with abnormal ultrasound findings, 17% of them with cystic nodule, while solid and mixed nodule represented 4% for each. The high rate of abnormal findings of thyroid gland in the study suggested that screening using ultrasound scan was useful in detecting early thyroid disorders.展开更多
As we delve into the intricacies of human disease,millions of people continue to be diagnosed as having what are labelled as pre-conditions or sub-clinical entities and may receive treatments designed to prevent furth...As we delve into the intricacies of human disease,millions of people continue to be diagnosed as having what are labelled as pre-conditions or sub-clinical entities and may receive treatments designed to prevent further progression to clinical disease,but with debatable impact and consequences.Endocrinology is no different,with almost every organ system and associated diseases having subclinical entities.Although the expansion of these“grey”pre-conditions and their treatments come with a better understanding of pathophysiologic processes,they also entail financial costs and drug adverse-effects,and lack true prevention,thus refuting the very foundation of Medicine laid by Hippocrates“Primum non nocere”(Latin),i.e.,do no harm.Subclinical hypothyroidism,prediabetes,osteopenia,and minimal autonomous cortisol excess are some of the endocrine preclinical conditions which do not require active pharmacological management in the vast majority.In fact,progression to clinical disease is seen in only a small minority with reversal to normality in most.Giving drugs also does not lead to true prevention by changing the course of future disease.The goal of the medical fraternity thus as a whole should be to bring this large chunk of humanity out of the hospitals towards leading a healthy lifestyle and away from the label of a medical disease condition.展开更多
The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences(IBMS)is a global leader in biomedical research and advanced medical education.This year(2023)marks the 65^(th)anniversary of its foundation at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sci...The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences(IBMS)is a global leader in biomedical research and advanced medical education.This year(2023)marks the 65^(th)anniversary of its foundation at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and School of Basic Medicine(SBM)of the Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).In the beginning,the IBMS and SBM incorporated the premedical departments of the PUMC,which was established by the Rockefeller Foundation in 1917.Since then,these departments have been committed to undertakingrstrate medical science research in China.展开更多
Carbon dots(CDs)are fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes smal-ler than 10 nm,that are renowned for their exceptional properties,including superior anti-photobleaching,excellent biocompatibility,and minima...Carbon dots(CDs)are fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes smal-ler than 10 nm,that are renowned for their exceptional properties,including superior anti-photobleaching,excellent biocompatibility,and minimal toxicity,which have received sig-nificant interest.Near-infrared(NIR)light has emerged as an ideal light source in the biolo-gical field due to its advantages of minimal scattering and absorption,long wavelength emission,increased tissue penetration,and reduced interference from biological back-grounds.CDs with efficient absorption and/or emission characteristics in the NIR spectrum have shown remarkable promise in the biomedical uses.This study provides a comprehens-ive overview of the preparation methods and wavelength modulation strategies for near-in-frared CDs and reviews research progress in their use in the areas of biosensing,bioimaging,and therapy.It also discusses current challenges and clinical prospects,aimed at deepening our understanding of the subject and promoting further advances in this field.展开更多
Welcome to the 4th volume of Biomedical Engineering Communications the first issue of 2025!Biomedical engineering is a rapidly evolving field that combines engineering principles with medical and biological sciences t...Welcome to the 4th volume of Biomedical Engineering Communications the first issue of 2025!Biomedical engineering is a rapidly evolving field that combines engineering principles with medical and biological sciences to create innovative healthcare technologies.Biomedical engineering brings an interdisciplinary,problem-solving approach to bioengineering,biology and medicine.This interdisciplinary field is essential for developing advanced medical devices,diagnostic tools,and therapeutic solutions that enhance patient care and improve health outcomes.It allows them to develop technologies and systems that directly contribute to diagnosing,treating and preventing diseases.展开更多
With the rise of data-intensive research,data literacy has become a critical capability for improving scientific data quality and achieving artificial intelligence(AI)readiness.In the biomedical domain,data are charac...With the rise of data-intensive research,data literacy has become a critical capability for improving scientific data quality and achieving artificial intelligence(AI)readiness.In the biomedical domain,data are characterized by high complexity and privacy sensitivity,calling for robust and systematic data management skills.This paper reviews current trends in scientific data governance and the evolving policy landscape,highlighting persistent challenges such as inconsistent standards,semantic misalignment,and limited awareness of compliance.These issues are largely rooted in the lack of structured training and practical support for researchers.In response,this study builds on existing data literacy frameworks and integrates the specific demands of biomedical research to propose a comprehensive,lifecycle-oriented data literacy competency model with an emphasis on ethics and regulatory awareness.Furthermore,it outlines a tiered training strategy tailored to different research stages—undergraduate,graduate,and professional,offering theoretical foundations and practical pathways for universities and research institutions to advance data literacy education.展开更多
Undergraduate medical immunology education is an important part of the basic course of medical higher education in our country.As an important basic course for medical students,medical immunology teaching has shown al...Undergraduate medical immunology education is an important part of the basic course of medical higher education in our country.As an important basic course for medical students,medical immunology teaching has shown all kinds of deficiencies in the teaching effect by using the traditional teaching model of classroom teaching.Combined with the teaching characteristics and teaching difficulties of medical immunology,it is found in the teaching practice that in the key stage of traditional teaching,the combination of PBL and RISE teaching method of case teaching can integrate the previous learning knowledge of medical immunology through students’independent learning,and stimulate students’interest in learning.It can improve students’ability to connect immunology theory with clinical diseases and public health immunological events,and improve students’comprehensive ability to further learn medical immunology knowledge and other related disciplines in the next stage.A good teaching effect has been achieved.展开更多
Objective:The objective of this research is to thoroughly investigate the extent of mutual interference among clinical internships,postgraduate entrance examinations,and employment by examining engineering contradicti...Objective:The objective of this research is to thoroughly investigate the extent of mutual interference among clinical internships,postgraduate entrance examinations,and employment by examining engineering contradictions,thus offering theoretical insights and guidance for medical students to attain high-quality outcomes in clinical internships.Methods:A combination of literature reviews,questionnaires,interviews,and observations of internships was utilized,followed by a statistical analysis to assess the levels of interference among the three factors.Results:The senior participants achieved significantly higher scores than their junior counterparts in evaluations of comprehensive humanistic quality,understanding professional values,communication abilities,clinical skills,and attitudes towards learning,with differences that were statistically significant(p<0.05).After applying an interactive training approach that merges early clinical practice with foundational medical education,both groups displayed notable enhancements in activity content,formats,instructor attitudes,clinical performance,and the blending of theory with practice(p<0.05).Conclusion:By emphasizing‘early clinical’education,students are effectively engaged in clinical practice through active involvement,leading to feedback-oriented training.This strategy not only improves the overall quality of internships but also reduces the risk of scheduling conflicts with postgraduate entrance examinations and employment opportunities.展开更多
The authors employed inappropriate search keywords and strategies in their published bibliometric papers within volume 29 of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The comment highlights the identified issues,provides ...The authors employed inappropriate search keywords and strategies in their published bibliometric papers within volume 29 of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The comment highlights the identified issues,provides evidence,and suggests improved study methodologies.Subsequent results with more appro-priate search strategies were presented to address the shortcomings.展开更多
1 Introduction Dao Zang(《道藏》The Daoist Classic Collection)is an important portrayal of Daoist thought,teachings,and doctrines.The version that has been passed down to the present day is Dao Zang written in the Min...1 Introduction Dao Zang(《道藏》The Daoist Classic Collection)is an important portrayal of Daoist thought,teachings,and doctrines.The version that has been passed down to the present day is Dao Zang written in the Ming dynasty[Zheng Tong Dao Zang(《正统道藏》Dao Zang in the Zhengtong Era)and Wan Li Xu Dao Zang(《万历续道藏》The Supplement of Dao Zang in the Wanli Era)],which contains more than 1,400 types of literature with an all-encompassing content.Therefore,in the study of ancient Chinese culture,Dao Zang is a topic that cannot be neglected,and it has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad.At the beginning of the 19th century,with the increasing cultural exchanges between China and the West,European scholars began to develop a strong interest in traditional Chinese culture.As an important component of Chinese culture,Daoism and its classic literature,Dao Zang,became the focus of attention for European scholars.Against this backdrop,a research craze for Daoism gradually emerged in Europe,giving rise to a number of influential scholars and research achievements.The works included the French sinologist Maxime Kaltenmark’s(康德谟)Legend of the Immortal:Biography of the Ancient Daoist Immortal(《列仙传:古代道教仙人的传说传记》,1953),John Lagerwey’s(劳格文)Supreme Secret:Overview of Daoism in the Sixth Century(《无上秘要:六世纪的道教总汇》,1981)from the Far Eastern Academy of France,and Chronicle of Daoist Studies in the West(《西方道教研究编年史》,1989)edited by French scholar Anna Sei-del,to name a few.展开更多
基金Supported by the Basic Scientific Research Business Foundation of the Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,CACMS:ZZ-2023014。
文摘This paper exhibits the construction and development of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CACMS),based on Lian ZHU’s acupuncture academic thought,focusing on the practice of the hospital development during the past 74 years,from 1951 to 2025,and by analyzing the development trajectory and elaborating the four-dimensional collaborative development mode guided by Lian ZHU’s thought,grounded in clinical evidence,driven by scientific innovation,guided by international standards,and rooted in educational inheritance.(1)After more than 70 years of development,Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of CACMS has developed into the typical small-scaled general hospital of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with acupuncture-moxibustion as the main intervention,and has obtained a fruitful achievement in academic research.(2)The Hospital has led and participated in the formulation of a number of clinical practice guidelines of China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,is entitled as the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for traditional medicine,and has been ranked among the top in the outpatient visits of acupuncture-moxibustion department of TCM hospitals in Beijing for years.(3)There is a well-known professional team of acupuncture-moxibustion of TCM in the Hospital,and with the characteristic modes of acupuncture-moxibustion diagnosis and treatment delivered,the remarkable curative effects have been obtained in treatment of diseases in neurological,gynecological diseases,orthopedic departments,as well as pain disorders,allergic diseases.(4)In the future,facing the opportunities and challenges in the development of global healthcare,it is necessary to deepen the research on“intelligent acupuncture and moxibustion”,integrating modern technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data,exploring the potential value of acupuncture and moxibustion,discovering and innovating theoretical research on acupuncture and moxibustion,establishing scientific methods,standardizing clinical operation techniques,and driving the creative transformation of TCM.(5)The hospital lays the great consideration to the cultivation of acupuncture-moxibustion talents by means of multiple approaches,in order to deeply grasp the essence of TCM and improve the comprehensive quality of talents.(6)The hospital keeps on the leading role of international communication,advancing the international exchange and cooperation of acupuncture and moxibustion,and contributes more eastern wisdom to global health governance,and promote acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM,the treasure of the Chinese nation to display its importance in the world.
文摘Background: Kind of delivery affect many aspects of individuals, families and health systems situations. The aim of this study was to identify the Role of non-medical factors on choice of delivery (CS/NVD) in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was performed to identify the factors involved in the choice of delivery (CS/NVD) among women attending hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data was derived from the medical records of women who gave birth in the hospitals. Results: A significant statistical relationship was found between factors such as age of mother, level of education, occupational status, type of previous delivery, person supervising the pregnancy and dissatisfaction about delivery were more frequent in women who underwent CS than those who gave birth by NVD. Conclusion: The highly increasing rise in the rate of unnecessary CS during throughout the world, and its adverse effect on maternal and child health, the financial burden imposed on families and health systems, has highlighted the importance of studies to identify the non-medical factors that affect decision-making concerning type of delivery as well as to determine the appropriate medical indications of CS.
文摘In recent decades, substantial increase in average weight of individuals has been seen in rich countries. Such changes are the result of significant changes in pattern of people’s lives. One of these issues is increasing levels in consumption of fast foods or processed foods. According to experts, the consumption of processed foods, because of having high-calories and trans-fatty acids, is fattening and harmful. In this study, the researchers after obtaining permission from the ethics committee and head of the School of Nursing, introduced themselves to nursing students then, samples were randomly selected among those who are eligible for the study. Before performing to complete the questionnaire and relevant experiments, testimonial were asked from the subjects. At the end of the study, results were suggested that, levels of Serum folate between males and females and also among married and single people were equivalent. Level of Serum folate among those students who usually have anemia in their families is significantly lower than those ones who have not anemia in their families (P = 0.003). There was a significant relationship between age and semester with levels of folate (P i.e. by increasing age and educational terms, levels of serum folate would be reduced. The level of serum folate among students who smoke is lesser than those do not (P = 0.001).
文摘Medical diagnostic X-rays are the largest manmade source of ionizing radiation received by the members of the general public. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic reject/repeat rate and also to determine dose to the patients from radiographic rejects/repeats in radiology centers of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. During a 4 month period the most frequently examinations were chosen in three radiology centers. A form was designed as a reject/repeat analysis form for radiographers to complete each time a film was rejected by radiologists or repeated. The collected data were compiled at the end of each week and entered into a computer for analysis at the end of study. The results of this study showed that highest and lowest repetition rates were for pelvis, 14.01% and upper limb, 4.17%, respectively. The main reasons of repetition of radiographs were due to exposure (54%) and positioning (18%) errors. The average repeat rate in all three hospitals was 7.20%. It was found that human error has important role to repetition of radiographs. It is demonstrated that those patients having repeated radiographs received an average of 3.23 Gy·cm2. Based on the findings of this study it must be remembered that the highest repetition rate was for pelvis. Considering the radiosensitive organs related to pelvis especially in pediatric patients some special considerations must be applied for pelvis examinations.
文摘Introduction: Self evaluation is a process that defines and collects required data to judge about decision making issues at educational system on whether the educational department is fit to educate students? The objective of this study was determining the quality of the structural elements of the department of Communicable Diseases & determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to improve the quality of activities in the department under research. Materials and Methods: The employed method was Mixed methods (qualitative & quantitative research), on the basis of 10 procedural steps and within 8 sections dealing with evaluated factors;such as 1) organizational and management structure 2) scientific board members 3) students 4) Manpower 5) Space of educational research and health care 6) Equipment 7) curriculum 8) satisfaction of graduates, which were studied using 61 criteria and 172 indicators. Five-point Likert Scale was used for the responses in the questionnaire (1 - 1.75 = undesirable, to 4.2 - 5 completely desirable). Finally the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics indices and the assessment software of the Educational Development Center of TUMS. The instruments used in this method included assessment software, interview, observation and self-prepared questionnaire which consisted of 7 questionnaires and 2 check lists. Finding: The results of the research showed that general average of 8 investigating sections was 56.9% as a rather desirable research work. Conclusions: Therefore, it was concluded that function of the educational management in that group was directly in line with evaluation process, but continuing the process of evaluation seems necessary.
文摘This pilot study evaluated effectiveness and acceptance of a new hospital-based reproductive endocrinology curriculum among Iranian medical students. A voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was used to compare two teaching methods as applied to junior medical students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Students were randomly assigned to one of two clinical teaching settings;no student experienced both modules. Coursework for the pilot (experimental) group (n = 19) utilized a teaching approach comprising lectures, genetics laboratory, pelvic ultrasound, small group sessions, and opportunities to observe advanced reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization, ICSI, and embryo transfer. A control group (n = 34) received reproductive endocrinology instruction by the ‘traditional curriculum’, consisting mainly of lectures. Students were sampled at baseline and again atthe conclusion of their reproductive endocrinology session. Pre- and post-test data were analyzed for both groups;post-test differences between groups were also compared. No significant differences in mean age or gender mix were identified between the two study groups. Overall, the ques- tionnaire did not identify any significant intergroup differences for any parameter investigated. Although student acceptance rate appeared similar for both educational modules, the ratio of students having a “favorable regard” for reproductive medicine declined only among students randomized to the control group (41.2% vs. 32.3%). This report offers the first data on teaching reproductive endocrinology to medical students in Iran. Both traditional and innovative approaches to teaching reproductive endocrinology were well-accepted by students, although negative post-test responses were more common among students in the control group. While periodic quality assessments for existing clinical teaching methods are necessary, introduction of alternative teaching approaches is also important. Additional studies are planned to evaluate the impact this initiative may have on results on standardized tests measuring reproductive endocrinology knowledge, as well as election of further specialization in training.
基金supported financially by Qom university of medical sciences
文摘Objective: The effort–reward imbalance(ERI) model claims that work that has the characteristics of high effort and low reward has a mutual defect between input and output and this imbalance may result in sustained and long-lasting results. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the intention to leave the profession(ILP) and ERI and job satisfaction among the medical staff in Qom Province.Methods: A descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 202 medical staff in Qom Province based on random sampling in 2018. Demographics checklist, standard ILP, job satisfaction, and Siegrist’s ERI questionnaires were used for data collection. The chisquared test, independent t-test, and one-way Analyses of Variance(ANOVA) were used to analyze data.Results: The mean age of employees was 32.04 ± 7.9 years, and 165(87.1%) of the employees were women. The results showed that the medical staff was willing to leave their profession at a moderate level(40.7 ± 10.3). There was no significant relationship between demographics and ILP. Nevertheless, a significant and inverse relationship was observed between ERI(r:0.318, P < 0.01) and ILP(r: 0.197, P < 0.01). Leave the profession(LP) had a negative correlation with the dimensions of job descriptive index(JDI) such as job, manager, coworker and wage score(P < 0.01, r:-0.147, r:-0.262, r:-0.292, r:-0.271, r:-0.396).Conclusions: According to the results, managers need to make sure that their working staff is rewarded as they deserve. According to the results, managers need to ensure that the reward factor is observed for the staff, while an ERI imbalance may contribute to ILP of the staff. On the other hand, it leads to job satisfaction.
文摘Recent years have witnessed a dynamic develop of Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),which was founded in 1921,and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS),which was founded in 1956.In the new era of building a"Healthy China",General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized the importance of a profound understanding of the Chinese civilization to let the world better know and understand China,and urged efforts to combine theories and practices to expound how to better uphold the Chinese path,promote the Chinese spirit,and pool together the Chinese strength[1].As an active response,PUMC organized the first Conference of History of Medicine on May 20-21,2023[2],Based on the rich history of PUMC and with an attempt to explore history,inherit the traditional Chinese culture,and promote the spirit of modern medicine,we issued the following call at the conference。
文摘In this study 70 male students were participated to determine the thyroid disorder through ultrasonography. Thyroid scan was done in 70 students prospectively with no indicative of thyroid disease (age of 19 - 23 yrs). Thyroid scan for students who participated the study took place in the department of Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University by using an IU 22 Philips ultrasound machine with a 5 - 12 MHz linear transducer. Among the total number of the subjects, 26% was found with abnormal ultrasound findings, 17% of them with cystic nodule, while solid and mixed nodule represented 4% for each. The high rate of abnormal findings of thyroid gland in the study suggested that screening using ultrasound scan was useful in detecting early thyroid disorders.
文摘As we delve into the intricacies of human disease,millions of people continue to be diagnosed as having what are labelled as pre-conditions or sub-clinical entities and may receive treatments designed to prevent further progression to clinical disease,but with debatable impact and consequences.Endocrinology is no different,with almost every organ system and associated diseases having subclinical entities.Although the expansion of these“grey”pre-conditions and their treatments come with a better understanding of pathophysiologic processes,they also entail financial costs and drug adverse-effects,and lack true prevention,thus refuting the very foundation of Medicine laid by Hippocrates“Primum non nocere”(Latin),i.e.,do no harm.Subclinical hypothyroidism,prediabetes,osteopenia,and minimal autonomous cortisol excess are some of the endocrine preclinical conditions which do not require active pharmacological management in the vast majority.In fact,progression to clinical disease is seen in only a small minority with reversal to normality in most.Giving drugs also does not lead to true prevention by changing the course of future disease.The goal of the medical fraternity thus as a whole should be to bring this large chunk of humanity out of the hospitals towards leading a healthy lifestyle and away from the label of a medical disease condition.
基金Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2022-I2M-2-001)
文摘The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences(IBMS)is a global leader in biomedical research and advanced medical education.This year(2023)marks the 65^(th)anniversary of its foundation at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and School of Basic Medicine(SBM)of the Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).In the beginning,the IBMS and SBM incorporated the premedical departments of the PUMC,which was established by the Rockefeller Foundation in 1917.Since then,these departments have been committed to undertakingrstrate medical science research in China.
基金financial support by Talent Introduction Research Initiation Fund of Shanxi Bethune Hospital(2022RC04)Basic Research Program Youth Science Research Project of Shanxi province(202203021212096)+1 种基金Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases(CXZX-202302)Research Project Plan of Shanxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2023ZYYB2021)。
文摘Carbon dots(CDs)are fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes smal-ler than 10 nm,that are renowned for their exceptional properties,including superior anti-photobleaching,excellent biocompatibility,and minimal toxicity,which have received sig-nificant interest.Near-infrared(NIR)light has emerged as an ideal light source in the biolo-gical field due to its advantages of minimal scattering and absorption,long wavelength emission,increased tissue penetration,and reduced interference from biological back-grounds.CDs with efficient absorption and/or emission characteristics in the NIR spectrum have shown remarkable promise in the biomedical uses.This study provides a comprehens-ive overview of the preparation methods and wavelength modulation strategies for near-in-frared CDs and reviews research progress in their use in the areas of biosensing,bioimaging,and therapy.It also discusses current challenges and clinical prospects,aimed at deepening our understanding of the subject and promoting further advances in this field.
文摘Welcome to the 4th volume of Biomedical Engineering Communications the first issue of 2025!Biomedical engineering is a rapidly evolving field that combines engineering principles with medical and biological sciences to create innovative healthcare technologies.Biomedical engineering brings an interdisciplinary,problem-solving approach to bioengineering,biology and medicine.This interdisciplinary field is essential for developing advanced medical devices,diagnostic tools,and therapeutic solutions that enhance patient care and improve health outcomes.It allows them to develop technologies and systems that directly contribute to diagnosing,treating and preventing diseases.
文摘With the rise of data-intensive research,data literacy has become a critical capability for improving scientific data quality and achieving artificial intelligence(AI)readiness.In the biomedical domain,data are characterized by high complexity and privacy sensitivity,calling for robust and systematic data management skills.This paper reviews current trends in scientific data governance and the evolving policy landscape,highlighting persistent challenges such as inconsistent standards,semantic misalignment,and limited awareness of compliance.These issues are largely rooted in the lack of structured training and practical support for researchers.In response,this study builds on existing data literacy frameworks and integrates the specific demands of biomedical research to propose a comprehensive,lifecycle-oriented data literacy competency model with an emphasis on ethics and regulatory awareness.Furthermore,it outlines a tiered training strategy tailored to different research stages—undergraduate,graduate,and professional,offering theoretical foundations and practical pathways for universities and research institutions to advance data literacy education.
基金Scientific Research of BSKY from Anhui Medical University(Project No.:XJ201935)。
文摘Undergraduate medical immunology education is an important part of the basic course of medical higher education in our country.As an important basic course for medical students,medical immunology teaching has shown all kinds of deficiencies in the teaching effect by using the traditional teaching model of classroom teaching.Combined with the teaching characteristics and teaching difficulties of medical immunology,it is found in the teaching practice that in the key stage of traditional teaching,the combination of PBL and RISE teaching method of case teaching can integrate the previous learning knowledge of medical immunology through students’independent learning,and stimulate students’interest in learning.It can improve students’ability to connect immunology theory with clinical diseases and public health immunological events,and improve students’comprehensive ability to further learn medical immunology knowledge and other related disciplines in the next stage.A good teaching effect has been achieved.
基金Ministry of Education Industry-University Cooperative Education Program(Project No.:231002999080311)Xinxiang Medical University Education and Teaching Reform Research(Project No.:2021-XYJG-100)。
文摘Objective:The objective of this research is to thoroughly investigate the extent of mutual interference among clinical internships,postgraduate entrance examinations,and employment by examining engineering contradictions,thus offering theoretical insights and guidance for medical students to attain high-quality outcomes in clinical internships.Methods:A combination of literature reviews,questionnaires,interviews,and observations of internships was utilized,followed by a statistical analysis to assess the levels of interference among the three factors.Results:The senior participants achieved significantly higher scores than their junior counterparts in evaluations of comprehensive humanistic quality,understanding professional values,communication abilities,clinical skills,and attitudes towards learning,with differences that were statistically significant(p<0.05).After applying an interactive training approach that merges early clinical practice with foundational medical education,both groups displayed notable enhancements in activity content,formats,instructor attitudes,clinical performance,and the blending of theory with practice(p<0.05).Conclusion:By emphasizing‘early clinical’education,students are effectively engaged in clinical practice through active involvement,leading to feedback-oriented training.This strategy not only improves the overall quality of internships but also reduces the risk of scheduling conflicts with postgraduate entrance examinations and employment opportunities.
文摘The authors employed inappropriate search keywords and strategies in their published bibliometric papers within volume 29 of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The comment highlights the identified issues,provides evidence,and suggests improved study methodologies.Subsequent results with more appro-priate search strategies were presented to address the shortcomings.
基金financed by the grants from the Youth Program of the National Social Science Foundation(No.19CZJ023)the second batch of approved projects of the Zhejiang Cultural Research Project(No.23WH27ZD).
文摘1 Introduction Dao Zang(《道藏》The Daoist Classic Collection)is an important portrayal of Daoist thought,teachings,and doctrines.The version that has been passed down to the present day is Dao Zang written in the Ming dynasty[Zheng Tong Dao Zang(《正统道藏》Dao Zang in the Zhengtong Era)and Wan Li Xu Dao Zang(《万历续道藏》The Supplement of Dao Zang in the Wanli Era)],which contains more than 1,400 types of literature with an all-encompassing content.Therefore,in the study of ancient Chinese culture,Dao Zang is a topic that cannot be neglected,and it has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad.At the beginning of the 19th century,with the increasing cultural exchanges between China and the West,European scholars began to develop a strong interest in traditional Chinese culture.As an important component of Chinese culture,Daoism and its classic literature,Dao Zang,became the focus of attention for European scholars.Against this backdrop,a research craze for Daoism gradually emerged in Europe,giving rise to a number of influential scholars and research achievements.The works included the French sinologist Maxime Kaltenmark’s(康德谟)Legend of the Immortal:Biography of the Ancient Daoist Immortal(《列仙传:古代道教仙人的传说传记》,1953),John Lagerwey’s(劳格文)Supreme Secret:Overview of Daoism in the Sixth Century(《无上秘要:六世纪的道教总汇》,1981)from the Far Eastern Academy of France,and Chronicle of Daoist Studies in the West(《西方道教研究编年史》,1989)edited by French scholar Anna Sei-del,to name a few.
