As a fundamental course in science and engineering education at universities,advanced mathematics plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students’logical thinking,scientific spirit,and comprehensive qualities.Int...As a fundamental course in science and engineering education at universities,advanced mathematics plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students’logical thinking,scientific spirit,and comprehensive qualities.Integrating ideological and political education into advanced mathematics teaching is not only an inevitable requirement for achieving the goal of“three-dimensional and holistic education”but also a crucial path for promoting students’comprehensive development.This article delves into the necessary logic,practical possibilities,and real-world challenges of ideological and political education in advanced mathematics courses,systematically analyzing the implementation pathways and illustrating practical approaches through specific cases.Meanwhile,to address issues such as insufficient teacher capability,lagging resource development,disconnected instructional design,and inadequate evaluation mechanisms encountered during implementation,this article proposes practical improvement strategies.It aims to provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for the further advancement of ideological and political education in advanced mathematics courses.展开更多
Analyses of astrophysics and electrostatic separation data were illustrated with the Asymptotic Curve Based and Proportionality Oriented (ACP) nonlinear math for relating two physical variables. The fundamental physic...Analyses of astrophysics and electrostatic separation data were illustrated with the Asymptotic Curve Based and Proportionality Oriented (ACP) nonlinear math for relating two physical variables. The fundamental physical law asserts that the nonlinear change of continuous variable Y is proportional to the nonlinear change in continuous variable X. Mathematically, this is expressed as dα{Y, Yu, Yb} = −Kdβ{X, Xu, Xb}, with Yu, Yb, Xu, and Xb representing the upper and baseline asymptotes of Y and X. Y is the continuous cumulative numbers of the elementary y and X is the continuous cumulative numbers of elementary x. K is the proportionality constant or equally is the rate constant.展开更多
Solar activity plays an important role in influencing space weather,making it important to understand numerous aspects of spatial and temporal variations in the Sun's radiative output.High-performance deep learnin...Solar activity plays an important role in influencing space weather,making it important to understand numerous aspects of spatial and temporal variations in the Sun's radiative output.High-performance deep learning models and long-term observational records of sunspot relative numbers are essential for solar cycle forecasting.Using the multivariate time series of monthly sunspot relative numbers provided by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and two Informer-based models,we forecast the amplitude and timing of solar cycles 25 and 26.The main results are as follows:(1)The maximum amplitude of solar cycle 25 is higher than the previous solar cycle 24 and the following solar cycle 26,suggesting that the long-term oscillatory variation of sunspot magnetic fields is related to the roughly centennial Gleissberg cyclicity.(2)Solar cycles 25 and 26 exhibit a pronounced Gnevyshev gap,which might be caused by two non-coincident peaks resulting from solar magnetic flux transported by meridional circulation and mid-latitude diffusion in the convection zone.(3)Hemispheric prediction of sunspot activity reveals a significant northsouth asynchrony,with activity level of the Sun being more intense in the southern hemisphere.These results are consistent with expectations derived from precursor methods and dynamo theories,and further provide evidence for internal changes in solar magnetic field during the decay of the Modern Maximum.展开更多
Repeated wet swelling and dry shrinkage of soil leads to the gradual occurrence of cracks and the formation of a complex fracture network.In order to study the development characteristics and quantitative analysis of ...Repeated wet swelling and dry shrinkage of soil leads to the gradual occurrence of cracks and the formation of a complex fracture network.In order to study the development characteristics and quantitative analysis of cracks in root-soil complex in different growth periods under dry-wet cycles,the alfalfa root-loess complex was in-vestigated during different growth periods under different dry-wet cycles,and a dry-wet cycle experiment was conducted.The crack rate,relative area,average width,total length,and the cracks fractal dimension in the root-soil complex were extracted;the crack development characteristics of plain soil were analyzed under the PG-DwC(dry-wet cycle caused by plant water management during plant growth period),as well as the crack development characteristics of root-soil complex under PG-DWC and EC-DWC(the dry-wet cycles caused by extreme natural conditions such as continuous rain);the effects of plant roots and dry-wet cycles on soil cracks were discussed.The results showed that the average crack width,crack rate,relative crack area,and total crack length of the alfalfa root-loess complex were higher than those of the plain soil during PG-DWC.The result indicated that compared with plain soil during PG-DWC,the presence of plant roots in alfalfa root-soil complex in the same growth period promoted the cracks development to some extent.The alfalfa root-soil complex crack parameters during different growth periods were relatively stable during PG-DWC(O dry-wet cycle).During EC-DWC(1,3,and 5 dry-wet cycles),the alfalfa root-loess complex crack parameters increased with the number of dry-wet cycles during different growth periods.Unlike PG-DWC,the EC-DWC accelerated crack development,and the degree of crack development increased with the number of dry-wet cycles.The existence of plant roots promoted crack development and expansion in the root-soil complex to a certain extent,and the dry-wet cycle certainly promoted crack development and expansion in the root-soil complex.This result contradicts the im-provement in the root-soil complex's macro-mechanical properties during plant growth,due to differences in the mechanical properties of roots and soil.The research results will provide reference for the root soil complex crack development law and the design of slope protection by vegetation.展开更多
In this article,the global attractors of 2D g-Navier-Stokes equations are obtained in the space of C_(Hg) and CVg respectively.When the external force f is sufficiently small,the studies indicate that the global attra...In this article,the global attractors of 2D g-Navier-Stokes equations are obtained in the space of C_(Hg) and CVg respectively.When the external force f is sufficiently small,the studies indicate that the global attractor in C_(Hg) is equal to the global attractor in C_(Vg).展开更多
Let n≥1 be an integer.In this article,we study the notions of Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)injective and Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-flat complexes.We also investigate duality pairs relative to the Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-inje...Let n≥1 be an integer.In this article,we study the notions of Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)injective and Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-flat complexes.We also investigate duality pairs relative to the Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-injective and Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-flat complexes.As applications,we obtain that any complex admits Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-injective(resp.,Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-flat)cover and preenvelope and we characterize left n-coherent rings using these two classes of complexes.展开更多
This paper investigates the adhesive nanocontact behavior of an elastic halfplane indented by a rigid cylindrical indenter,incorporating the simultaneous effects of surface elasticity,couple stresses,and adhesion.The ...This paper investigates the adhesive nanocontact behavior of an elastic halfplane indented by a rigid cylindrical indenter,incorporating the simultaneous effects of surface elasticity,couple stresses,and adhesion.The free surface of the half-plane is modeled by the Steigmann-Ogden surface elasticity theory,while the bulk material behavior is described by the classical couple-stress elasticity theory.The adhesion at the contact interface is characterized by the Maugis-Dugdale(MD)adhesive contact model.Building on the fundamental nonclassical Flamant solution,the governing equations and boundary conditions of the nanocontact problem are reformulated into a system of triple integral equations.These equations are solved numerically by the Gauss-Chebyshev quadratures in combination with an iterative algorithm.The validation against the existing literature confirms the accuracy and robustness of the proposed solution methodology.Comprehensive parametric studies are performed to elucidate the critical roles of surface elasticity and couple stresses in adhesive nanocontact.The numerical results provide insights into the complex interactions among surface,couple-stress,and adhesive effects.Specifically,the interplay between the surface and adhesive effects is predominantly competitive,while the interaction between the couple stresses and adhesion exhibits an intricate nature.The findings highlight the necessity of simultaneously considering surface elasticity,couple stresses,and adhesion in nanoindentation analyses to achieve accurate predictions of material responses.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the Hopf lemma of the following mixed local and nonlocal weighted semilinear elliptic equations{-div(|x|^(-2α)■u)+(-△)_(α)^(s)u=0,x∈U,u(x^(^))=-u(x),x∈H,u(x)=0,x∈R^(N)\U,where H belong...In this paper,we consider the Hopf lemma of the following mixed local and nonlocal weighted semilinear elliptic equations{-div(|x|^(-2α)■u)+(-△)_(α)^(s)u=0,x∈U,u(x^(^))=-u(x),x∈H,u(x)=0,x∈R^(N)\U,where H belong to R^(N)with 0∈H is an open and affine half space,U belong to H is an open and bounded set,s∈(0,1),α∈[0,N-2s/2),(-△)_(α)^(s)is weighted fractional Laplacian with a weighted function.展开更多
With the unprecedented prevalence of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and 5G technology,various applications supported by industrial communication systems have generated exponentially increased processing tasks,whic...With the unprecedented prevalence of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and 5G technology,various applications supported by industrial communication systems have generated exponentially increased processing tasks,which makes task assignment inefficient due to insufficient workers.In this paper,an Intelligent and Trustworthy task assignment method based on Trust and Social relations(ITTS)is proposed for scenarios with many tasks and few workers.Specifically,ITTS first makes initial assignments based on trust and social influences,thereby transforming the complex large-scale industrial task assignment of the platform into the small-scale task assignment for each worker.Then,an intelligent Q-decision mechanism based on workers'social relation is proposed,which adopts the first-exploration-then-utilization principle to allocate tasks.Only when a worker cannot cope with the assigned tasks,it initiates dynamic worker recruitment,thus effectively solving the worker shortage problem as well as the cold start issue.More importantly,we consider trust and security issues,and evaluate the trust and social circles of workers by accumulating task feedback,to provide the platform a reference for worker recruitment,thereby creating a high-quality worker pool.Finally,extensive simulations demonstrate ITTS outperforms two benchmark methods by increasing task completion rates by 56.49%-61.53%and profit by 42.34%-47.19%.展开更多
The probability of phase formation was predicted using k-nearest neighbor algorithm(KNN)and artificial neural network algorithm(ANN).Additionally,the composition ranges of Ti,Cu,Ni,and Hf in 40 unknown amorphous alloy...The probability of phase formation was predicted using k-nearest neighbor algorithm(KNN)and artificial neural network algorithm(ANN).Additionally,the composition ranges of Ti,Cu,Ni,and Hf in 40 unknown amorphous alloy composites(AACs)were predicted using ANN.The predicted alloys were then experimentally verified through X-ray diffraction(XRD)and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).The prediction accuracies of the ANN for AM and IM phases are 93.12%and 85.16%,respectively,while the prediction accuracies of KNN for AM and IM phases are 93%and 84%,respectively.It is observed that when the contents of Ti,Cu,Ni,and Hf fall within the ranges of 32.7−34.5 at.%,16.4−17.3 at.%,30.9−32.7 at.%,and 17.3−18.3 at.%,respectively,it is more likely to form AACs.Based on the results of XRD and HRTEM,the Ti_(34)Cu17Ni_(31.36)Hf_(17.64)and Ti_(36)Cu_(18)Ni_(29.44)Hf_(16.56)alloys are identified as good AACs,which are in closely consistent with the predicted amorphous alloy compositions.展开更多
This paper discusses the model of the boundary layer(BL)flow and the heat transfer characteristics of hybrid nanofluid(HNF)over shrinking/stretching disks.In addition,the thermal radiation and the impact of velocity a...This paper discusses the model of the boundary layer(BL)flow and the heat transfer characteristics of hybrid nanofluid(HNF)over shrinking/stretching disks.In addition,the thermal radiation and the impact of velocity and thermal slip boundary conditions are also examined.The considered hybrid nano-fluid contains silver(Ag)and iron oxide(Fe_(3)O_(4))nanoparticles dispersed in the water to prepare the Ag-Fe_(3)O_(4)/water-based hybrid nanofluid.The requisite posited partial differential equations model is converted to ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations.For a numerical solution,the shooting method in Maple is employed.Moreover,the duality in solutions is achieved for both cases of the disk(stretching(λ>0)and shrinking(λ<0)).At the same time,a unique solution is observed for λ=0.No solution is found for them at λ<λ_(c),whereas the solutions are split at the λ=λ_(c).Besides,the value of the λ_(c) is dependent on the φ_(hnf).Meanwhile,the values of f″(0)and -θ′(0)intensified with increasing φ_(hnf).Stability analysis has been applied using bvp4c in MATLAB software due to a dual solution.Furthermore,analysis shows that the first solution is stable and feasible physically.For the slip parameters,an increase in the velocity slip parameter increases the velocity and shear stress profiles while increasing the temperature profile in the first solutions.While the rise in thermal slip parameter reduces the temperature profile nanoparticle volume fractions increase it.展开更多
We prove that for a smooth convex body K⊂ℝ^(d),d≥2,with positive Gauss curvature,its homothety with a certain associated convex body implies that K is either a ball or an ellipsoid,depending on the associated body co...We prove that for a smooth convex body K⊂ℝ^(d),d≥2,with positive Gauss curvature,its homothety with a certain associated convex body implies that K is either a ball or an ellipsoid,depending on the associated body considered.展开更多
In this study we theoretically demonstrate ultrahigh-resolution two-dimensional atomic localization within a three-levelλ-type atomic medium via superposition of asymmetric and symmetric standing wave fields.Our anal...In this study we theoretically demonstrate ultrahigh-resolution two-dimensional atomic localization within a three-levelλ-type atomic medium via superposition of asymmetric and symmetric standing wave fields.Our analysis provides an understanding of the precise spatial localization of atomic positions at the atomic level,utilizing advanced theoretical approaches and principles of quantum mechanics.The dynamical behavior of a three-level atomic system is thoroughly analyzed using the density matrix formalism within the realm of quantum mechanics.A theoretical approach is constructed to describe the interaction between the system and external fields,specifically a control field and a probe field.The absorption spectrum of the probe field is thoroughly examined to clarify the spatial localization of the atom within the proposed configuration.A theoretical investigation found that symmetric and asymmetric superposition phenomena significantly influence the localized peaks within a two-dimensional spatial domain.Specifically,the emergence of one and two sharp localized peaks was observed within a one-wavelength domain.We observed notable influences of the intensity of the control field,probe field detuning and decay rates on atomic localization.Ultimately,we have achieved an unprecedented level of ultrahigh resolution and precision in localizing an atom within an area smaller thanλ/35×λ/35.These findings hold promise for potential applications in fields such as Bose-Einstein condensation,nanolithography,laser cooling,trapping of neutral atoms and the measurement of center-of-mass wave functions.展开更多
This paper provides a comprehensive bibliometric exposition on deepfake research,exploring the intersection of artificial intelligence and deepfakes as well as international collaborations,prominent researchers,organi...This paper provides a comprehensive bibliometric exposition on deepfake research,exploring the intersection of artificial intelligence and deepfakes as well as international collaborations,prominent researchers,organizations,institutions,publications,and key themes.We performed a search on theWeb of Science(WoS)database,focusing on Artificial Intelligence and Deepfakes,and filtered the results across 21 research areas,yielding 1412 articles.Using VOSviewer visualization tool,we analyzed thisWoS data through keyword co-occurrence graphs,emphasizing on four prominent research themes.Compared with existing bibliometric papers on deepfakes,this paper proceeds to identify and discuss some of the highly cited papers within these themes:deepfake detection,feature extraction,face recognition,and forensics.The discussion highlights key challenges and advancements in deepfake research.Furthermore,this paper also discusses pressing issues surrounding deepfakes such as security,regulation,and datasets.We also provide an analysis of another exhaustive search on Scopus database focusing solely on Deepfakes(while not excluding AI)revealing deep learning as the predominant keyword,underscoring AI’s central role in deepfake research.This comprehensive analysis,encompassing over 500 keywords from 8790 articles,uncovered a wide range of methods,implications,applications,concerns,requirements,challenges,models,tools,datasets,and modalities related to deepfakes.Finally,a discussion on recommendations for policymakers,researchers,and other stakeholders is also provided.展开更多
Predicting human motion based on historical motion sequences is a fundamental problem in computer vision,which is at the core of many applications.Existing approaches primarily focus on encoding spatial dependencies a...Predicting human motion based on historical motion sequences is a fundamental problem in computer vision,which is at the core of many applications.Existing approaches primarily focus on encoding spatial dependencies among human joints while ignoring the temporal cues and the complex relationships across non-consecutive frames.These limitations hinder the model’s ability to generate accurate predictions over longer time horizons and in scenarios with complex motion patterns.To address the above problems,we proposed a novel multi-level spatial and temporal learning model,which consists of a Cross Spatial Dependencies Encoding Module(CSM)and a Dynamic Temporal Connection Encoding Module(DTM).Specifically,the CSM is designed to capture complementary local and global spatial dependent information at both the joint level and the joint pair level.We further present DTM to encode diverse temporal evolution contexts and compress motion features to a deep level,enabling the model to capture both short-term and long-term dependencies efficiently.Extensive experiments conducted on the Human 3.6M and CMU Mocap datasets demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance in both short-term and long-term predictions,outperforming existing methods by up to 20.3% in accuracy.Furthermore,ablation studies confirm the significant contributions of the CSM and DTM in enhancing prediction accuracy.展开更多
In this article,we explain how the famous Archimedes’principle of flotation can be used to construct various floating bodies.We survey some of the most important results regarding the floating bodies,including their ...In this article,we explain how the famous Archimedes’principle of flotation can be used to construct various floating bodies.We survey some of the most important results regarding the floating bodies,including their relations with affine surface area and projection body,their extensions in different settings such as space forms and log-concave functions,and mention some associated open problems.展开更多
Since the 1950s,when the Turing Test was introduced,there has been notable progress in machine language intelligence.Language modeling,crucial for AI development,has evolved from statistical to neural models over the ...Since the 1950s,when the Turing Test was introduced,there has been notable progress in machine language intelligence.Language modeling,crucial for AI development,has evolved from statistical to neural models over the last two decades.Recently,transformer-based Pre-trained Language Models(PLM)have excelled in Natural Language Processing(NLP)tasks by leveraging large-scale training corpora.Increasing the scale of these models enhances performance significantly,introducing abilities like context learning that smaller models lack.The advancement in Large Language Models,exemplified by the development of ChatGPT,has made significant impacts both academically and industrially,capturing widespread societal interest.This survey provides an overview of the development and prospects from Large Language Models(LLM)to Large Multimodal Models(LMM).It first discusses the contributions and technological advancements of LLMs in the field of natural language processing,especially in text generation and language understanding.Then,it turns to the discussion of LMMs,which integrates various data modalities such as text,images,and sound,demonstrating advanced capabilities in understanding and generating cross-modal content,paving new pathways for the adaptability and flexibility of AI systems.Finally,the survey highlights the prospects of LMMs in terms of technological development and application potential,while also pointing out challenges in data integration,cross-modal understanding accuracy,providing a comprehensive perspective on the latest developments in this field.展开更多
In this paper,we design an efficient,multi-stage image segmentation framework that incorporates a weighted difference of anisotropic and isotropic total variation(AITV).The segmentation framework generally consists of...In this paper,we design an efficient,multi-stage image segmentation framework that incorporates a weighted difference of anisotropic and isotropic total variation(AITV).The segmentation framework generally consists of two stages:smoothing and thresholding,thus referred to as smoothing-and-thresholding(SaT).In the first stage,a smoothed image is obtained by an AITV-regularized Mumford-Shah(MS)model,which can be solved efficiently by the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMMs)with a closed-form solution of a proximal operator of the l_(1)-αl_(2) regularizer.The convergence of the ADMM algorithm is analyzed.In the second stage,we threshold the smoothed image by K-means clustering to obtain the final segmentation result.Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed segmentation framework is versatile for both grayscale and color images,effcient in producing high-quality segmentation results within a few seconds,and robust to input images that are corrupted with noise,blur,or both.We compare the AITV method with its original convex TV and nonconvex TVP(O<p<1)counterparts,showcasing the qualitative and quantitative advantages of our proposed method.展开更多
The race to develop the next generation of wireless networks,known as Sixth Generation(6G)wireless,which will be operational in 2030,has already begun.To realize its full potential over the next decade,6G will undoubt...The race to develop the next generation of wireless networks,known as Sixth Generation(6G)wireless,which will be operational in 2030,has already begun.To realize its full potential over the next decade,6G will undoubtedly necessitate additional improvements that integrate existing solutions with cutting-edge ones.However,the studies about 6G are mainly limited and scattered,whereas no bibliometric study covers the 6G field.Thus,this study aims to review,examine,and summarize existing studies and research activities in 6G.This study has examined the Scopus database through a bibliometric analysis of more than 1,000 papers published between 2017 and 2021.Then,we applied the bibliometric analysis methods by including(1)document type,(2)subject area,(3)author,and(4)country of publication.The study’s results reflect the research 6G community’s trends,highlight important research challenges,and elucidate potential directions for future research in this interesting area.展开更多
The widespread and growing interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)may be attributed to its usefulness in many different fields.Physical settings are probed for data,which is then transferred via linked networks.There ...The widespread and growing interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)may be attributed to its usefulness in many different fields.Physical settings are probed for data,which is then transferred via linked networks.There are several hurdles to overcome when putting IoT into practice,from managing server infrastructure to coordinating the use of tiny sensors.When it comes to deploying IoT,everyone agrees that security is the biggest issue.This is due to the fact that a large number of IoT devices exist in the physicalworld and thatmany of themhave constrained resources such as electricity,memory,processing power,and square footage.This research intends to analyse resource-constrained IoT devices,including RFID tags,sensors,and smart cards,and the issues involved with protecting them in such restricted circumstances.Using lightweight cryptography,the information sent between these gadgets may be secured.In order to provide a holistic picture,this research evaluates and contrasts well-known algorithms based on their implementation cost,hardware/software efficiency,and attack resistance features.We also emphasised how essential lightweight encryption is for striking a good cost-to-performance-to-security ratio.展开更多
文摘As a fundamental course in science and engineering education at universities,advanced mathematics plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students’logical thinking,scientific spirit,and comprehensive qualities.Integrating ideological and political education into advanced mathematics teaching is not only an inevitable requirement for achieving the goal of“three-dimensional and holistic education”but also a crucial path for promoting students’comprehensive development.This article delves into the necessary logic,practical possibilities,and real-world challenges of ideological and political education in advanced mathematics courses,systematically analyzing the implementation pathways and illustrating practical approaches through specific cases.Meanwhile,to address issues such as insufficient teacher capability,lagging resource development,disconnected instructional design,and inadequate evaluation mechanisms encountered during implementation,this article proposes practical improvement strategies.It aims to provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for the further advancement of ideological and political education in advanced mathematics courses.
文摘Analyses of astrophysics and electrostatic separation data were illustrated with the Asymptotic Curve Based and Proportionality Oriented (ACP) nonlinear math for relating two physical variables. The fundamental physical law asserts that the nonlinear change of continuous variable Y is proportional to the nonlinear change in continuous variable X. Mathematically, this is expressed as dα{Y, Yu, Yb} = −Kdβ{X, Xu, Xb}, with Yu, Yb, Xu, and Xb representing the upper and baseline asymptotes of Y and X. Y is the continuous cumulative numbers of the elementary y and X is the continuous cumulative numbers of elementary x. K is the proportionality constant or equally is the rate constant.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(12463009)the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202301AV070007,202401AU070026)+2 种基金the"Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program"Innovation Team Project(202405AS350012)the Scientific Research Foundation Project of Yunnan Education Department(2023J0624,2024Y469)the GHfund A(202407016295)。
文摘Solar activity plays an important role in influencing space weather,making it important to understand numerous aspects of spatial and temporal variations in the Sun's radiative output.High-performance deep learning models and long-term observational records of sunspot relative numbers are essential for solar cycle forecasting.Using the multivariate time series of monthly sunspot relative numbers provided by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and two Informer-based models,we forecast the amplitude and timing of solar cycles 25 and 26.The main results are as follows:(1)The maximum amplitude of solar cycle 25 is higher than the previous solar cycle 24 and the following solar cycle 26,suggesting that the long-term oscillatory variation of sunspot magnetic fields is related to the roughly centennial Gleissberg cyclicity.(2)Solar cycles 25 and 26 exhibit a pronounced Gnevyshev gap,which might be caused by two non-coincident peaks resulting from solar magnetic flux transported by meridional circulation and mid-latitude diffusion in the convection zone.(3)Hemispheric prediction of sunspot activity reveals a significant northsouth asynchrony,with activity level of the Sun being more intense in the southern hemisphere.These results are consistent with expectations derived from precursor methods and dynamo theories,and further provide evidence for internal changes in solar magnetic field during the decay of the Modern Maximum.
基金the Key Research and Development Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(No.2023BEG02072)for their financial support.
文摘Repeated wet swelling and dry shrinkage of soil leads to the gradual occurrence of cracks and the formation of a complex fracture network.In order to study the development characteristics and quantitative analysis of cracks in root-soil complex in different growth periods under dry-wet cycles,the alfalfa root-loess complex was in-vestigated during different growth periods under different dry-wet cycles,and a dry-wet cycle experiment was conducted.The crack rate,relative area,average width,total length,and the cracks fractal dimension in the root-soil complex were extracted;the crack development characteristics of plain soil were analyzed under the PG-DwC(dry-wet cycle caused by plant water management during plant growth period),as well as the crack development characteristics of root-soil complex under PG-DWC and EC-DWC(the dry-wet cycles caused by extreme natural conditions such as continuous rain);the effects of plant roots and dry-wet cycles on soil cracks were discussed.The results showed that the average crack width,crack rate,relative crack area,and total crack length of the alfalfa root-loess complex were higher than those of the plain soil during PG-DWC.The result indicated that compared with plain soil during PG-DWC,the presence of plant roots in alfalfa root-soil complex in the same growth period promoted the cracks development to some extent.The alfalfa root-soil complex crack parameters during different growth periods were relatively stable during PG-DWC(O dry-wet cycle).During EC-DWC(1,3,and 5 dry-wet cycles),the alfalfa root-loess complex crack parameters increased with the number of dry-wet cycles during different growth periods.Unlike PG-DWC,the EC-DWC accelerated crack development,and the degree of crack development increased with the number of dry-wet cycles.The existence of plant roots promoted crack development and expansion in the root-soil complex to a certain extent,and the dry-wet cycle certainly promoted crack development and expansion in the root-soil complex.This result contradicts the im-provement in the root-soil complex's macro-mechanical properties during plant growth,due to differences in the mechanical properties of roots and soil.The research results will provide reference for the root soil complex crack development law and the design of slope protection by vegetation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11971378)Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics(23JSY050)Shaanxi Innovative Training Program for College Students(S202410719114)。
文摘In this article,the global attractors of 2D g-Navier-Stokes equations are obtained in the space of C_(Hg) and CVg respectively.When the external force f is sufficiently small,the studies indicate that the global attractor in C_(Hg) is equal to the global attractor in C_(Vg).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12061061)the Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA153).
文摘Let n≥1 be an integer.In this article,we study the notions of Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)injective and Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-flat complexes.We also investigate duality pairs relative to the Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-injective and Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-flat complexes.As applications,we obtain that any complex admits Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-injective(resp.,Cartan-Eilenberg FP_(n)-flat)cover and preenvelope and we characterize left n-coherent rings using these two classes of complexes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12072072)。
文摘This paper investigates the adhesive nanocontact behavior of an elastic halfplane indented by a rigid cylindrical indenter,incorporating the simultaneous effects of surface elasticity,couple stresses,and adhesion.The free surface of the half-plane is modeled by the Steigmann-Ogden surface elasticity theory,while the bulk material behavior is described by the classical couple-stress elasticity theory.The adhesion at the contact interface is characterized by the Maugis-Dugdale(MD)adhesive contact model.Building on the fundamental nonclassical Flamant solution,the governing equations and boundary conditions of the nanocontact problem are reformulated into a system of triple integral equations.These equations are solved numerically by the Gauss-Chebyshev quadratures in combination with an iterative algorithm.The validation against the existing literature confirms the accuracy and robustness of the proposed solution methodology.Comprehensive parametric studies are performed to elucidate the critical roles of surface elasticity and couple stresses in adhesive nanocontact.The numerical results provide insights into the complex interactions among surface,couple-stress,and adhesive effects.Specifically,the interplay between the surface and adhesive effects is predominantly competitive,while the interaction between the couple stresses and adhesion exhibits an intricate nature.The findings highlight the necessity of simultaneously considering surface elasticity,couple stresses,and adhesion in nanoindentation analyses to achieve accurate predictions of material responses.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12361026)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.31920240069)Innovation Team Project of Northwest Minzu University.
文摘In this paper,we consider the Hopf lemma of the following mixed local and nonlocal weighted semilinear elliptic equations{-div(|x|^(-2α)■u)+(-△)_(α)^(s)u=0,x∈U,u(x^(^))=-u(x),x∈H,u(x)=0,x∈R^(N)\U,where H belong to R^(N)with 0∈H is an open and affine half space,U belong to H is an open and bounded set,s∈(0,1),α∈[0,N-2s/2),(-△)_(α)^(s)is weighted fractional Laplacian with a weighted function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62072475 and No.62302062in part by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Number 2023JJ40081。
文摘With the unprecedented prevalence of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and 5G technology,various applications supported by industrial communication systems have generated exponentially increased processing tasks,which makes task assignment inefficient due to insufficient workers.In this paper,an Intelligent and Trustworthy task assignment method based on Trust and Social relations(ITTS)is proposed for scenarios with many tasks and few workers.Specifically,ITTS first makes initial assignments based on trust and social influences,thereby transforming the complex large-scale industrial task assignment of the platform into the small-scale task assignment for each worker.Then,an intelligent Q-decision mechanism based on workers'social relation is proposed,which adopts the first-exploration-then-utilization principle to allocate tasks.Only when a worker cannot cope with the assigned tasks,it initiates dynamic worker recruitment,thus effectively solving the worker shortage problem as well as the cold start issue.More importantly,we consider trust and security issues,and evaluate the trust and social circles of workers by accumulating task feedback,to provide the platform a reference for worker recruitment,thereby creating a high-quality worker pool.Finally,extensive simulations demonstrate ITTS outperforms two benchmark methods by increasing task completion rates by 56.49%-61.53%and profit by 42.34%-47.19%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51601019)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.2022A1515010233)+1 种基金the Key Project of Shaanxi Province of Qinchuangyuan“Scientist and Engineer”Team Construction,China(No.2023KXJ-123)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2024JC-YBMS-014).
文摘The probability of phase formation was predicted using k-nearest neighbor algorithm(KNN)and artificial neural network algorithm(ANN).Additionally,the composition ranges of Ti,Cu,Ni,and Hf in 40 unknown amorphous alloy composites(AACs)were predicted using ANN.The predicted alloys were then experimentally verified through X-ray diffraction(XRD)and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).The prediction accuracies of the ANN for AM and IM phases are 93.12%and 85.16%,respectively,while the prediction accuracies of KNN for AM and IM phases are 93%and 84%,respectively.It is observed that when the contents of Ti,Cu,Ni,and Hf fall within the ranges of 32.7−34.5 at.%,16.4−17.3 at.%,30.9−32.7 at.%,and 17.3−18.3 at.%,respectively,it is more likely to form AACs.Based on the results of XRD and HRTEM,the Ti_(34)Cu17Ni_(31.36)Hf_(17.64)and Ti_(36)Cu_(18)Ni_(29.44)Hf_(16.56)alloys are identified as good AACs,which are in closely consistent with the predicted amorphous alloy compositions.
基金the Researchers Supporting Project number(RSPD2025R997),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘This paper discusses the model of the boundary layer(BL)flow and the heat transfer characteristics of hybrid nanofluid(HNF)over shrinking/stretching disks.In addition,the thermal radiation and the impact of velocity and thermal slip boundary conditions are also examined.The considered hybrid nano-fluid contains silver(Ag)and iron oxide(Fe_(3)O_(4))nanoparticles dispersed in the water to prepare the Ag-Fe_(3)O_(4)/water-based hybrid nanofluid.The requisite posited partial differential equations model is converted to ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations.For a numerical solution,the shooting method in Maple is employed.Moreover,the duality in solutions is achieved for both cases of the disk(stretching(λ>0)and shrinking(λ<0)).At the same time,a unique solution is observed for λ=0.No solution is found for them at λ<λ_(c),whereas the solutions are split at the λ=λ_(c).Besides,the value of the λ_(c) is dependent on the φ_(hnf).Meanwhile,the values of f″(0)and -θ′(0)intensified with increasing φ_(hnf).Stability analysis has been applied using bvp4c in MATLAB software due to a dual solution.Furthermore,analysis shows that the first solution is stable and feasible physically.For the slip parameters,an increase in the velocity slip parameter increases the velocity and shear stress profiles while increasing the temperature profile in the first solutions.While the rise in thermal slip parameter reduces the temperature profile nanoparticle volume fractions increase it.
文摘We prove that for a smooth convex body K⊂ℝ^(d),d≥2,with positive Gauss curvature,its homothety with a certain associated convex body implies that K is either a ball or an ellipsoid,depending on the associated body considered.
文摘In this study we theoretically demonstrate ultrahigh-resolution two-dimensional atomic localization within a three-levelλ-type atomic medium via superposition of asymmetric and symmetric standing wave fields.Our analysis provides an understanding of the precise spatial localization of atomic positions at the atomic level,utilizing advanced theoretical approaches and principles of quantum mechanics.The dynamical behavior of a three-level atomic system is thoroughly analyzed using the density matrix formalism within the realm of quantum mechanics.A theoretical approach is constructed to describe the interaction between the system and external fields,specifically a control field and a probe field.The absorption spectrum of the probe field is thoroughly examined to clarify the spatial localization of the atom within the proposed configuration.A theoretical investigation found that symmetric and asymmetric superposition phenomena significantly influence the localized peaks within a two-dimensional spatial domain.Specifically,the emergence of one and two sharp localized peaks was observed within a one-wavelength domain.We observed notable influences of the intensity of the control field,probe field detuning and decay rates on atomic localization.Ultimately,we have achieved an unprecedented level of ultrahigh resolution and precision in localizing an atom within an area smaller thanλ/35×λ/35.These findings hold promise for potential applications in fields such as Bose-Einstein condensation,nanolithography,laser cooling,trapping of neutral atoms and the measurement of center-of-mass wave functions.
文摘This paper provides a comprehensive bibliometric exposition on deepfake research,exploring the intersection of artificial intelligence and deepfakes as well as international collaborations,prominent researchers,organizations,institutions,publications,and key themes.We performed a search on theWeb of Science(WoS)database,focusing on Artificial Intelligence and Deepfakes,and filtered the results across 21 research areas,yielding 1412 articles.Using VOSviewer visualization tool,we analyzed thisWoS data through keyword co-occurrence graphs,emphasizing on four prominent research themes.Compared with existing bibliometric papers on deepfakes,this paper proceeds to identify and discuss some of the highly cited papers within these themes:deepfake detection,feature extraction,face recognition,and forensics.The discussion highlights key challenges and advancements in deepfake research.Furthermore,this paper also discusses pressing issues surrounding deepfakes such as security,regulation,and datasets.We also provide an analysis of another exhaustive search on Scopus database focusing solely on Deepfakes(while not excluding AI)revealing deep learning as the predominant keyword,underscoring AI’s central role in deepfake research.This comprehensive analysis,encompassing over 500 keywords from 8790 articles,uncovered a wide range of methods,implications,applications,concerns,requirements,challenges,models,tools,datasets,and modalities related to deepfakes.Finally,a discussion on recommendations for policymakers,researchers,and other stakeholders is also provided.
基金supported by the Urgent Need for Overseas Talent Project of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20223BCJ25040)the Thousand Talents Plan of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.jxsg2023101085)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62106093)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi(Grant Nos.20224BAB212011,20232BAB212008,20242BAB25078,and 20232BAB202051)The Youth Talent Cultivation Innovation Fund Project of Nanchang University(Grant No.XX202506030015)funded by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2025R759),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Predicting human motion based on historical motion sequences is a fundamental problem in computer vision,which is at the core of many applications.Existing approaches primarily focus on encoding spatial dependencies among human joints while ignoring the temporal cues and the complex relationships across non-consecutive frames.These limitations hinder the model’s ability to generate accurate predictions over longer time horizons and in scenarios with complex motion patterns.To address the above problems,we proposed a novel multi-level spatial and temporal learning model,which consists of a Cross Spatial Dependencies Encoding Module(CSM)and a Dynamic Temporal Connection Encoding Module(DTM).Specifically,the CSM is designed to capture complementary local and global spatial dependent information at both the joint level and the joint pair level.We further present DTM to encode diverse temporal evolution contexts and compress motion features to a deep level,enabling the model to capture both short-term and long-term dependencies efficiently.Extensive experiments conducted on the Human 3.6M and CMU Mocap datasets demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance in both short-term and long-term predictions,outperforming existing methods by up to 20.3% in accuracy.Furthermore,ablation studies confirm the significant contributions of the CSM and DTM in enhancing prediction accuracy.
基金supported by the Research Funding of Wuhan Polytechnic University(2024RZ083)Elisabeth M.Werner’s work was supported by the NSF grant DMS-2103482.Deping Ye’s work was supported by an NSERC grant,Canada.Ning Zhang’s work was supported by the NSF of China(11901217,11971005).
文摘In this article,we explain how the famous Archimedes’principle of flotation can be used to construct various floating bodies.We survey some of the most important results regarding the floating bodies,including their relations with affine surface area and projection body,their extensions in different settings such as space forms and log-concave functions,and mention some associated open problems.
基金We acknowledge funding from NSFC Grant 62306283.
文摘Since the 1950s,when the Turing Test was introduced,there has been notable progress in machine language intelligence.Language modeling,crucial for AI development,has evolved from statistical to neural models over the last two decades.Recently,transformer-based Pre-trained Language Models(PLM)have excelled in Natural Language Processing(NLP)tasks by leveraging large-scale training corpora.Increasing the scale of these models enhances performance significantly,introducing abilities like context learning that smaller models lack.The advancement in Large Language Models,exemplified by the development of ChatGPT,has made significant impacts both academically and industrially,capturing widespread societal interest.This survey provides an overview of the development and prospects from Large Language Models(LLM)to Large Multimodal Models(LMM).It first discusses the contributions and technological advancements of LLMs in the field of natural language processing,especially in text generation and language understanding.Then,it turns to the discussion of LMMs,which integrates various data modalities such as text,images,and sound,demonstrating advanced capabilities in understanding and generating cross-modal content,paving new pathways for the adaptability and flexibility of AI systems.Finally,the survey highlights the prospects of LMMs in terms of technological development and application potential,while also pointing out challenges in data integration,cross-modal understanding accuracy,providing a comprehensive perspective on the latest developments in this field.
基金partially supported by the NSF grants DMS-1854434,DMS-1952644,DMS-2151235,DMS-2219904,and CAREER 1846690。
文摘In this paper,we design an efficient,multi-stage image segmentation framework that incorporates a weighted difference of anisotropic and isotropic total variation(AITV).The segmentation framework generally consists of two stages:smoothing and thresholding,thus referred to as smoothing-and-thresholding(SaT).In the first stage,a smoothed image is obtained by an AITV-regularized Mumford-Shah(MS)model,which can be solved efficiently by the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMMs)with a closed-form solution of a proximal operator of the l_(1)-αl_(2) regularizer.The convergence of the ADMM algorithm is analyzed.In the second stage,we threshold the smoothed image by K-means clustering to obtain the final segmentation result.Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed segmentation framework is versatile for both grayscale and color images,effcient in producing high-quality segmentation results within a few seconds,and robust to input images that are corrupted with noise,blur,or both.We compare the AITV method with its original convex TV and nonconvex TVP(O<p<1)counterparts,showcasing the qualitative and quantitative advantages of our proposed method.
基金The authors received Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah(UMPSA)grant under Internal Research Grant with Grant Number PDU223209.Author received grant is:Ahmad Firdaus Website of the sponsor:https://www.ump.edu.my/en.
文摘The race to develop the next generation of wireless networks,known as Sixth Generation(6G)wireless,which will be operational in 2030,has already begun.To realize its full potential over the next decade,6G will undoubtedly necessitate additional improvements that integrate existing solutions with cutting-edge ones.However,the studies about 6G are mainly limited and scattered,whereas no bibliometric study covers the 6G field.Thus,this study aims to review,examine,and summarize existing studies and research activities in 6G.This study has examined the Scopus database through a bibliometric analysis of more than 1,000 papers published between 2017 and 2021.Then,we applied the bibliometric analysis methods by including(1)document type,(2)subject area,(3)author,and(4)country of publication.The study’s results reflect the research 6G community’s trends,highlight important research challenges,and elucidate potential directions for future research in this interesting area.
基金supported by project TRANSACT funded under H2020-EU.2.1.1.-INDUSTRIAL LEADERSHIP-Leadership in Enabling and Industrial Technologies-Information and Communication Technologies(Grant Agreement ID:101007260).
文摘The widespread and growing interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)may be attributed to its usefulness in many different fields.Physical settings are probed for data,which is then transferred via linked networks.There are several hurdles to overcome when putting IoT into practice,from managing server infrastructure to coordinating the use of tiny sensors.When it comes to deploying IoT,everyone agrees that security is the biggest issue.This is due to the fact that a large number of IoT devices exist in the physicalworld and thatmany of themhave constrained resources such as electricity,memory,processing power,and square footage.This research intends to analyse resource-constrained IoT devices,including RFID tags,sensors,and smart cards,and the issues involved with protecting them in such restricted circumstances.Using lightweight cryptography,the information sent between these gadgets may be secured.In order to provide a holistic picture,this research evaluates and contrasts well-known algorithms based on their implementation cost,hardware/software efficiency,and attack resistance features.We also emphasised how essential lightweight encryption is for striking a good cost-to-performance-to-security ratio.
