In 2022,Leukemia is the 13th most common diagnosis of cancer globally as per the source of the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).Leukemia is still a threat and challenge for all regions because of 46.6...In 2022,Leukemia is the 13th most common diagnosis of cancer globally as per the source of the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).Leukemia is still a threat and challenge for all regions because of 46.6%infection in Asia,and 22.1%and 14.7%infection rates in Europe and North America,respectively.To study the dynamics of Leukemia,the population of cells has been divided into three subpopulations of cells susceptible cells,infected cells,and immune cells.To investigate the memory effects and uncertainty in disease progression,leukemia modeling is developed using stochastic fractional delay differential equations(SFDDEs).The feasible properties of positivity,boundedness,and equilibria(i.e.,Leukemia Free Equilibrium(LFE)and Leukemia Present Equilibrium(LPE))of the model were studied rigorously.The local and global stabilities and sensitivity of the parameters around the equilibria under the assumption of reproduction numbers were investigated.To support the theoretical analysis of the model,the Grunwald Letnikov Nonstandard Finite Difference(GL-NSFD)method was used to simulate the results of each subpopulation with memory effect.Also,the positivity and boundedness of the proposed method were studied.Our results show how different methods can help control the cell population and give useful advice to decision-makers on ways to lower leukemia rates in communities.展开更多
Dengue disease is the most common vector borne infectious disease transmitted to humans by infected adult female Aedes mosquitoes. Over the past several years the disease has been increasing remarkably and it has beco...Dengue disease is the most common vector borne infectious disease transmitted to humans by infected adult female Aedes mosquitoes. Over the past several years the disease has been increasing remarkably and it has become a major public health concern. Dengue viruses have increased their geographic range into new human population due to travel of humans from one place to the other. In the present paper, we have proposed a multi patch SIR-SI model to study the host-vector dynamics of dengue disease in different patches including the travel of human population among the patches. We have considered different disease prevalences in different patches and different travel rates of humans. The dimensionless number, basic reproduction number R0 which shows that the disease dies out if R0 < 1 and the disease takes hold if R0 ≥ 1, is calculated. Local and global stability of the disease free equilibrium are analyzed. Simulations are observed considering the two patches only. The results show that controlling the travel of infectious hosts from high disease dominant patch to low disease dominant patch can help in controlling the disease in low disease dominant patch while high disease dominant becomes even more disease dominant. The understanding of the effect of travel of humans on the spatial spread of the disease among the patches can be helpful in improving disease control and prevention measures. In the present study, a patch may represent a city, a village or some biological habitat.展开更多
In this study, we constructed and analysed a mathematical model of COVID-19 in order to comprehend the transmission dynamics of the disease. The reproduction number (R<sub>C</sub>) was calculated via the n...In this study, we constructed and analysed a mathematical model of COVID-19 in order to comprehend the transmission dynamics of the disease. The reproduction number (R<sub>C</sub>) was calculated via the next generation matrix method. We also used the Lyaponuv method to show the global stability of both the disease free and endemic equilibrium points. The results showed that the disease-free equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable if R<sub>C</sub> R<sub>C</sub> > 1. We further used the Adomian decomposition method and the modified Adomian decomposition method to obtain the solutions of the model. Numerical analysis of the model was done using Sagemath 9.0 software.展开更多
In this paper, we are interested in looking for Hopf bifurcation solutions for mathematical model of plasma glucose and insulin during physical activity. The mathematical model is governed by a system of delay differe...In this paper, we are interested in looking for Hopf bifurcation solutions for mathematical model of plasma glucose and insulin during physical activity. The mathematical model is governed by a system of delay differential equations. The algorithm for determining the critical delays that are appropriate for Hopf bifurcation is used. The illustrative example is taken for a 30 years old woman who practices regular three types of physical activity: walking, jogging and running fast.展开更多
Mathematical modelling of glucose-insulin system is very important in medicine as a necessary tool to understand the homeostatic control of human body. It can also be used to design clinical trials and in the evaluati...Mathematical modelling of glucose-insulin system is very important in medicine as a necessary tool to understand the homeostatic control of human body. It can also be used to design clinical trials and in the evaluation of the diabetes prevention. In the last three decades so much work has been done in this direction. One of the most notable models is the global six compartment-mathematical model with 22 ordinary differential equations due to John Thomas Sorensen. This paper proposes a more simplified three compartment-mathematical model with only 6 ordinary differential equations by introducing a tissue compartment comprising kidney, gut, brain and periphery. For model parameter identification, we use inverse problems technique to solve a specific optimal control problem where data are obtained by solving the global model of John Thomas Sorensen. Numerical results show that the proposed model is adaptable to data and can be used to adjust diabetes mellitus type I or type II for diabetic patients.展开更多
In this article,mathematical modeling for the evaluation of reliability is studied using two methods.One of the methods,is developed based on possibility theory.The performance of the reliability of the system is of p...In this article,mathematical modeling for the evaluation of reliability is studied using two methods.One of the methods,is developed based on possibility theory.The performance of the reliability of the system is of prime concern.In view of this,the outcomes for the failure are required to evaluate with utmost care.In possibility theory,the reliability information data determined from decision-making experts are subjective.The samemethod is also related to the survival possibilities as against the survival probabilities.The other method is the one that is developed using the concept of approximation of closed interval including the piecewise quadratic fuzzy numbers.In this method,a decision-making expert is not sure of his/her estimates of the reliability parameters.Numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the efficiency of the suggested methods in this research.In the end,the paper is concluded with some future research directions to be explored for the proposed approach.展开更多
Large models have been widely used in the field of neural language processing,information retrieving,etc.With the development of the large models,not only is the parameter scale increased,but the model architecture ha...Large models have been widely used in the field of neural language processing,information retrieving,etc.With the development of the large models,not only is the parameter scale increased,but the model architecture has also become more complex.For example,the multi-modal transformer-based model mainly has concurrent branches,which we denoted as the concurrent branch model(CBM).Many CBMs have enlarged to tens of billions of parameters,and require distributed resources to train this kind of model.Existing distributed training systems cannot fully handle this type of model architecture because there are interactions between branches.Inspired by the unbalanced resource usage of pipeline parallelism,we prefer to organize different branches with a fine-grained bidirectional pipeline schedule of communication and computation.However,improper coordination between branches leads to idle time for computation and low training efficiency.In this paper,we present Flexpipe,a pipeline engine for c3oncurrent-branch models.We first introduce a branch-aware pipeline parallelism(BAPP)to make full use of the concurrent characteristic of the model architecture.Then,based on a multi-branch pipeline simulator,we propose an adaptive interaction coordinator,which facilitates the low-overhead branch interactions during the distributed model training.We evaluate our approach on popular concurrent branch models combined with modern training systems.Compared with the Chimera,the experiential results show that our method improves the end-to-end training throughput by 20%on average.展开更多
We prove that there exists an open and dense subset U in the space of C^(2) expanding self-maps of the circle T such that the Lyapunov minimizing measures of any T∈U are uniquely supported on a periodic orbit.This an...We prove that there exists an open and dense subset U in the space of C^(2) expanding self-maps of the circle T such that the Lyapunov minimizing measures of any T∈U are uniquely supported on a periodic orbit.This answers a conjecture of Jenkinson-Morris in the C^(2) topology.展开更多
This study investigates the performance of dual curved-leg pontoon floating breakwaters in finite water depth under the assumption of linear wave theory. The analysis is carried out for four different models of curved...This study investigates the performance of dual curved-leg pontoon floating breakwaters in finite water depth under the assumption of linear wave theory. The analysis is carried out for four different models of curvedleg geometries, which are combinations of convex and concave shapes. The models are classified as follows. Model-1: Seaside and leeside face concave, Model-2: Seaside and leeside face convex, Model-3: Seaside face convex and leeside face concave, and Model-4: Seaside face concave and leeside face convex. The Boundary Element Method is utilized in order to find a solution to the associated boundary value problem. The numerical results are validated against existing analytical and experimental data. Further, the study examines the wave reflection, wave transmission, and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the structure for different values of waves and structural parameters. Overall, the different dual curved-leg pontoon breakwaters are more effective, reducing wave transmission by over 15% and increasing wave reflection by more than 5% compared to traditional models. The study shows that the wave reflected by Model 1 significantly increased and attenuated the wave transmission relative to other models. The study found that the height of the curved-leg of Model 1 plays a critical role in blocking waves and redirecting the flow. More precisely, the present analysis concludes that the hydrodynamic performance of Model-1 presents an optimized breakwater design that outperforms the proposed models.展开更多
Fins are extensively utilized in heat exchangers and various industrial applications as they are lightweight and can benefit in various systems,including electronic cooling devices and automotive components,owing to t...Fins are extensively utilized in heat exchangers and various industrial applications as they are lightweight and can benefit in various systems,including electronic cooling devices and automotive components,owing to their adaptable design.Furthermore,spine fins are introduced to improve performance in applications such as automotive radiators.They can be shaped in different ways and constructed from a collection of materials.Inspired by this,the present model examines the effects of internal heat generation and radiation-convection on the thermal distribution in a wetted convex-shaped spine fin.Using dimensionless terms,the proposed fin model involving a governing nonlinear ordinary differential equation(ODE)is transformed into a dimensionless form.The study uses the operational matrix with the Charlier polynomial collocation method(OMCCM)to ensure precise and computationally efficient numerical solutions for the dimensionless equation.In order to aid in the analysis of thermal performance,the importance of major parameters on the temperature profile is graphically illustrated.The main outcome of the study reveals that as the radiation-conductive,wet,and convective-conductive parameters increase,the heat transfer rate progressively improves.Conversely,the ambient temperature and internal heat generation parameters show an inverse relationship.展开更多
The present study investigates the influence of thermal dispersion on the natural convective flow of a Casson fluid along an inclined plate embedded in a non-Darcy porous medium.The governing equations,representing mo...The present study investigates the influence of thermal dispersion on the natural convective flow of a Casson fluid along an inclined plate embedded in a non-Darcy porous medium.The governing equations,representing momentum and energy conservations,are transformed into non-dimensional form using similarity transformations.To address the complexity of the resulting equations,a bivariate spectral quasilinearisation method is employed.The effects of relevant parameters—including thermal dispersion,Casson parameter,Biot number,Forchheimer number,inclination angle and nonlinear thermal convection parameter—are thoroughly examined.The results show that the drag coefficient and heat transfer rate increase with the nonlinear thermal convection parameter,Casson parameter and Biot number.In contrast,they decrease as the Forchheimer number and inclination angle increase.The velocity near the surface of the inclined plate increases with the Biot number,Casson parameter and nonlinear thermal convection parameter.However,it decreases farther from the plate.Additionally,the temperature of the Casson fluid increases with most parameters,except the Casson and nonlinear thermal convection parameters.展开更多
For the new subclass B of the bi-univalent functions constructed with the help of the(u,v)-Chebyshev polynomials of the second type,we get estimates for the first two initial coefficients and upper bounds of the Feket...For the new subclass B of the bi-univalent functions constructed with the help of the(u,v)-Chebyshev polynomials of the second type,we get estimates for the first two initial coefficients and upper bounds of the Fekete-Szeg o functional.展开更多
Rational design of porous metal oxide films that serve as not only the scaffolds for light absorbers but also the transfer layer of photo generated charges is essential for fabricating highly efficient photoanodes for...Rational design of porous metal oxide films that serve as not only the scaffolds for light absorbers but also the transfer layer of photo generated charges is essential for fabricating highly efficient photoanodes for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen generation.In this work,w report a facile one-step pyrolysis method which can convert Zn-based MOF to porous ZnO(m-ZnO)with rough surface and abundant oxygen vacancies(O_(v)).When incorporating core-shell quantum dots(QDs)as the light absorbers,the obtained photoanodes(m-ZnO@QDs)achieved outstanding PEC performance for hydrogen generation,exhibiting 1.6 times and 5.8 times higher saturated photocurrent density(J_(sc))than thos of conventional TiO_(2)@QDs and ZnO@QDs photoanodes,respectively.Comprehensive optical and electrochemical measurements reveal tha the rough surface of m-ZnO can significantly improve the light-harvesting capacity of corresponding photoanodes through surface-enhanced light scattering.Moreover,the O_(v)in m-ZnO facilitate the interfacial transfer of photogenerated electrons.Our findings indicate that the MOF are valuable precursors for the preparation of porous films,offering a promising route to develop high-performance QDs-based PEC devices.展开更多
In this manuscript,a class of multi-term delay fractional differential equations(FDEs)under the Hilfer derivative is considered.Some newly updated results are established under boundary conditions.For the required res...In this manuscript,a class of multi-term delay fractional differential equations(FDEs)under the Hilfer derivative is considered.Some newly updated results are established under boundary conditions.For the required results,we utilize the fixed point theory and tools of the nonlinear functional analysis.Further keeping in mind the importance of stability results,we develop some adequate results about the said aspect.The Hyers-Ulam(H-U)-type concept is used to derive the required stability for the solution of the considered problem.Finally,by appropriate test problems,we justify our findings.展开更多
Due to the rapid development and potential applications of iron(Ⅲ)-alginate(Fe-Alg)microgels in biomedical as well as environmental engineering,this study explores the preparation and characterization of spherical Fe...Due to the rapid development and potential applications of iron(Ⅲ)-alginate(Fe-Alg)microgels in biomedical as well as environmental engineering,this study explores the preparation and characterization of spherical Fe-Alg microgels using droplet microfluidics combined with an external ionic crosslinking method.This study focused on the role of Fe^(3+)and examined its effects on the physical/chemical properties of microgels under different ionic conditions and reduced or oxidized states.The pH-dependent release behavior of Fe^(3+)from these microgels demonstrates their potential biomedical and environmental applications.Furthermore,the microgels can exhibit magnetism simply by utilizing in situ oxidation,which can be further used for targeted drug delivery and magnetic separation technologies.展开更多
The unsteady magnetohydrodynamical(MHD)free convection flow of an incompressible,electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid within a vertical cylindrical geometry is investigated,incorporating the effects of thermal rad...The unsteady magnetohydrodynamical(MHD)free convection flow of an incompressible,electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid within a vertical cylindrical geometry is investigated,incorporating the effects of thermal radiation,viscous dissipation,and internal heat generation.The system is subjected to a time-periodic boundary temperature condition.The Laplace and finite Hankel transforms are used to derive the exact solutions for the velocity and temperature distributions.The effects of various key physical parameters,including the Richardson number,the Eckert number,the radiation parameter,the heat source parameter,and the nanoparticle volume fraction,are considered.The numerical results reveal that increasing the volume fraction significantly enhances the thermal conductivity and temperature,while the magnetic field intensity and viscous dissipation strongly influence the fluid motion and heat transport.Additionally,the pulsating boundary conditions produce distinct oscillatory behaviors in both the velocity and temperature fields.These findings provide important insights into optimizing the heat transfer performance in cylindrical systems such as electronic cooling modules and energy storage devices operating under dynamic thermal conditions.展开更多
Understanding the complex interaction between heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian microflows is essential for the development and optimization of efficient microfluidic and thermal management systems.This study in...Understanding the complex interaction between heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian microflows is essential for the development and optimization of efficient microfluidic and thermal management systems.This study investigates the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)thermosolutal convection of a Casson fluid within an inclined,porous microchannel subjected to convective boundary conditions.The nonlinear,coupled equations governing momentum,energy,and species transport are solved numerically using the MATLAB bvp4c solver,ensuring high numerical accuracy and stability.To identify the dominant parameters influencing flow behavior and to optimize transport performance,a comprehensive hybrid optimization framework—combining a modified Taguchi design,Grey Relational Analysis(GRA),and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)—is proposed.This integrated strategy enables the simultaneous assessment of skin friction,Nusselt number,and Sherwood number,providing a rigorous multi-objective evaluation of system performance.Comparative validation with benchmark results from the literature confirms the accuracy and reliability of the present formulation and its numerical implementation.The results highlight the intricate coupling among flow slip,buoyancy effects,and convective transport mechanisms.Increased slip flow enhances axial velocity,while a higher solutal Biot number intensifies concentration gradients near the channel walls.Conversely,a lower thermal Biot number diminishes the temperature field,indicating weaker heat transfer across the boundaries.PCA results reveal that the first principal component(PC1)accounts for most of the system variance,demonstrating the dominant influence of coupled flow and transport parameters on overall system performance.展开更多
In a world where supply chains are increasingly complex and unpredictable,finding the optimal way to move goods through transshipment networks is more important and challenging than ever.In addition to addressing the ...In a world where supply chains are increasingly complex and unpredictable,finding the optimal way to move goods through transshipment networks is more important and challenging than ever.In addition to addressing the complexity of transportation costs and demand,this study presents a novel method that offers flexible routing alternatives to manage these complexities.When real-world variables such as fluctuating costs,variable capacity,and unpredictable demand are considered,traditional transshipment models often prove inadequate.To overcome these challenges,we propose an innovative fully fuzzy-based framework using LR flat fuzzy numbers.This framework allows for more adaptable and flexible decision-making in multi-objective transshipment situations by effectively capturing uncertain parameters.To overcome these challenges,we develop an innovative,fully fuzzy-based framework using LR flat fuzzy numbers to effectively capture uncertainty in key parameters,offering more flexible and adaptive decision-making in multi-objective transshipment problems.The proposed model also presents alternative route options,giving decisionmakers a range of choices to satisfy multiple requirements,including reducing costs,improving service quality,and expediting delivery.Through extensive numerical experiments,we demonstrate that the model can achieve greater adaptability,efficiency,and flexibility than standard approaches.This multi-path structure provides additional flexibility to adapt to dynamic network conditions.Using ranking strategies,we compared our multi-objective transshipment model with existing methods.The results indicate that,while traditional methods such as goal and fuzzy programming generate results close to the anti-ideal value,thus reducing their efficiency,our model produces solutions close to the ideal value,thereby facilitating better decision making.By combining dynamic routing alternatives with a fully fuzzybased approach,this study offers an effective tool to improve decision-making and optimize complex networks under real-world conditions in practical settings.In this paper,we utilize LINGO 18 software to solve the provided numerical example,demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
The Rössler attractor model is an important model that provides valuable insights into the behavior of chaotic systems in real life and is applicable in understanding weather patterns,biological systems,and secur...The Rössler attractor model is an important model that provides valuable insights into the behavior of chaotic systems in real life and is applicable in understanding weather patterns,biological systems,and secure communications.So,this work aims to present the numerical performances of the nonlinear fractional Rössler attractor system under Caputo derivatives by designing the numerical framework based on Ultraspherical wavelets.The Caputo fractional Rössler attractor model is simulated into two categories,(i)Asymmetric and(ii)Symmetric.The Ultraspherical wavelets basis with suitable collocation grids is implemented for comprehensive error analysis in the solutions of the Caputo fractional Rössler attractor model,depicting each computation in graphs and tables to analyze how fractional order affects the model’s dynamics.Approximate solutions obtained through the proposed scheme for integer order are well comparable with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.Also,the stability analyses of the considered model are discussed for different equilibrium points.Various fractional orders are considered while performing numerical simulations for the Caputo fractional Rössler attractor model by using Mathematica.The suggested approach can solve another non-linear fractional model due to its straightforward implementation.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia,FCT,under the project https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04674/2020(accessed on 1 January 2025).
文摘In 2022,Leukemia is the 13th most common diagnosis of cancer globally as per the source of the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC).Leukemia is still a threat and challenge for all regions because of 46.6%infection in Asia,and 22.1%and 14.7%infection rates in Europe and North America,respectively.To study the dynamics of Leukemia,the population of cells has been divided into three subpopulations of cells susceptible cells,infected cells,and immune cells.To investigate the memory effects and uncertainty in disease progression,leukemia modeling is developed using stochastic fractional delay differential equations(SFDDEs).The feasible properties of positivity,boundedness,and equilibria(i.e.,Leukemia Free Equilibrium(LFE)and Leukemia Present Equilibrium(LPE))of the model were studied rigorously.The local and global stabilities and sensitivity of the parameters around the equilibria under the assumption of reproduction numbers were investigated.To support the theoretical analysis of the model,the Grunwald Letnikov Nonstandard Finite Difference(GL-NSFD)method was used to simulate the results of each subpopulation with memory effect.Also,the positivity and boundedness of the proposed method were studied.Our results show how different methods can help control the cell population and give useful advice to decision-makers on ways to lower leukemia rates in communities.
文摘Dengue disease is the most common vector borne infectious disease transmitted to humans by infected adult female Aedes mosquitoes. Over the past several years the disease has been increasing remarkably and it has become a major public health concern. Dengue viruses have increased their geographic range into new human population due to travel of humans from one place to the other. In the present paper, we have proposed a multi patch SIR-SI model to study the host-vector dynamics of dengue disease in different patches including the travel of human population among the patches. We have considered different disease prevalences in different patches and different travel rates of humans. The dimensionless number, basic reproduction number R0 which shows that the disease dies out if R0 < 1 and the disease takes hold if R0 ≥ 1, is calculated. Local and global stability of the disease free equilibrium are analyzed. Simulations are observed considering the two patches only. The results show that controlling the travel of infectious hosts from high disease dominant patch to low disease dominant patch can help in controlling the disease in low disease dominant patch while high disease dominant becomes even more disease dominant. The understanding of the effect of travel of humans on the spatial spread of the disease among the patches can be helpful in improving disease control and prevention measures. In the present study, a patch may represent a city, a village or some biological habitat.
文摘In this study, we constructed and analysed a mathematical model of COVID-19 in order to comprehend the transmission dynamics of the disease. The reproduction number (R<sub>C</sub>) was calculated via the next generation matrix method. We also used the Lyaponuv method to show the global stability of both the disease free and endemic equilibrium points. The results showed that the disease-free equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable if R<sub>C</sub> R<sub>C</sub> > 1. We further used the Adomian decomposition method and the modified Adomian decomposition method to obtain the solutions of the model. Numerical analysis of the model was done using Sagemath 9.0 software.
文摘In this paper, we are interested in looking for Hopf bifurcation solutions for mathematical model of plasma glucose and insulin during physical activity. The mathematical model is governed by a system of delay differential equations. The algorithm for determining the critical delays that are appropriate for Hopf bifurcation is used. The illustrative example is taken for a 30 years old woman who practices regular three types of physical activity: walking, jogging and running fast.
文摘Mathematical modelling of glucose-insulin system is very important in medicine as a necessary tool to understand the homeostatic control of human body. It can also be used to design clinical trials and in the evaluation of the diabetes prevention. In the last three decades so much work has been done in this direction. One of the most notable models is the global six compartment-mathematical model with 22 ordinary differential equations due to John Thomas Sorensen. This paper proposes a more simplified three compartment-mathematical model with only 6 ordinary differential equations by introducing a tissue compartment comprising kidney, gut, brain and periphery. For model parameter identification, we use inverse problems technique to solve a specific optimal control problem where data are obtained by solving the global model of John Thomas Sorensen. Numerical results show that the proposed model is adaptable to data and can be used to adjust diabetes mellitus type I or type II for diabetic patients.
文摘In this article,mathematical modeling for the evaluation of reliability is studied using two methods.One of the methods,is developed based on possibility theory.The performance of the reliability of the system is of prime concern.In view of this,the outcomes for the failure are required to evaluate with utmost care.In possibility theory,the reliability information data determined from decision-making experts are subjective.The samemethod is also related to the survival possibilities as against the survival probabilities.The other method is the one that is developed using the concept of approximation of closed interval including the piecewise quadratic fuzzy numbers.In this method,a decision-making expert is not sure of his/her estimates of the reliability parameters.Numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the efficiency of the suggested methods in this research.In the end,the paper is concluded with some future research directions to be explored for the proposed approach.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3001704)NSFC for Young Scientists Fund(No.62402266)NSFC for Distinguished Young Scholar(No.62225206).
文摘Large models have been widely used in the field of neural language processing,information retrieving,etc.With the development of the large models,not only is the parameter scale increased,but the model architecture has also become more complex.For example,the multi-modal transformer-based model mainly has concurrent branches,which we denoted as the concurrent branch model(CBM).Many CBMs have enlarged to tens of billions of parameters,and require distributed resources to train this kind of model.Existing distributed training systems cannot fully handle this type of model architecture because there are interactions between branches.Inspired by the unbalanced resource usage of pipeline parallelism,we prefer to organize different branches with a fine-grained bidirectional pipeline schedule of communication and computation.However,improper coordination between branches leads to idle time for computation and low training efficiency.In this paper,we present Flexpipe,a pipeline engine for c3oncurrent-branch models.We first introduce a branch-aware pipeline parallelism(BAPP)to make full use of the concurrent characteristic of the model architecture.Then,based on a multi-branch pipeline simulator,we propose an adaptive interaction coordinator,which facilitates the low-overhead branch interactions during the distributed model training.We evaluate our approach on popular concurrent branch models combined with modern training systems.Compared with the Chimera,the experiential results show that our method improves the end-to-end training throughput by 20%on average.
基金partially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1005801)NSFC(Grant Nos.12171348,12325106,ZXL2024386)+2 种基金partially supported by NSFC(Grant Nos.12090012,12031019,11731003)partially supported by NSFC(Grant Nos.12031019,11801538,11871188)Jiangsu Specially Appointed Professorship。
文摘We prove that there exists an open and dense subset U in the space of C^(2) expanding self-maps of the circle T such that the Lyapunov minimizing measures of any T∈U are uniquely supported on a periodic orbit.This answers a conjecture of Jenkinson-Morris in the C^(2) topology.
基金supported by Vellore Institute of Technology,Vellore,under a SEED grant(Sanction Order No.SG20230081)。
文摘This study investigates the performance of dual curved-leg pontoon floating breakwaters in finite water depth under the assumption of linear wave theory. The analysis is carried out for four different models of curvedleg geometries, which are combinations of convex and concave shapes. The models are classified as follows. Model-1: Seaside and leeside face concave, Model-2: Seaside and leeside face convex, Model-3: Seaside face convex and leeside face concave, and Model-4: Seaside face concave and leeside face convex. The Boundary Element Method is utilized in order to find a solution to the associated boundary value problem. The numerical results are validated against existing analytical and experimental data. Further, the study examines the wave reflection, wave transmission, and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the structure for different values of waves and structural parameters. Overall, the different dual curved-leg pontoon breakwaters are more effective, reducing wave transmission by over 15% and increasing wave reflection by more than 5% compared to traditional models. The study shows that the wave reflected by Model 1 significantly increased and attenuated the wave transmission relative to other models. The study found that the height of the curved-leg of Model 1 plays a critical role in blocking waves and redirecting the flow. More precisely, the present analysis concludes that the hydrodynamic performance of Model-1 presents an optimized breakwater design that outperforms the proposed models.
基金the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Research Project under grant number RGP2/308/46。
文摘Fins are extensively utilized in heat exchangers and various industrial applications as they are lightweight and can benefit in various systems,including electronic cooling devices and automotive components,owing to their adaptable design.Furthermore,spine fins are introduced to improve performance in applications such as automotive radiators.They can be shaped in different ways and constructed from a collection of materials.Inspired by this,the present model examines the effects of internal heat generation and radiation-convection on the thermal distribution in a wetted convex-shaped spine fin.Using dimensionless terms,the proposed fin model involving a governing nonlinear ordinary differential equation(ODE)is transformed into a dimensionless form.The study uses the operational matrix with the Charlier polynomial collocation method(OMCCM)to ensure precise and computationally efficient numerical solutions for the dimensionless equation.In order to aid in the analysis of thermal performance,the importance of major parameters on the temperature profile is graphically illustrated.The main outcome of the study reveals that as the radiation-conductive,wet,and convective-conductive parameters increase,the heat transfer rate progressively improves.Conversely,the ambient temperature and internal heat generation parameters show an inverse relationship.
文摘The present study investigates the influence of thermal dispersion on the natural convective flow of a Casson fluid along an inclined plate embedded in a non-Darcy porous medium.The governing equations,representing momentum and energy conservations,are transformed into non-dimensional form using similarity transformations.To address the complexity of the resulting equations,a bivariate spectral quasilinearisation method is employed.The effects of relevant parameters—including thermal dispersion,Casson parameter,Biot number,Forchheimer number,inclination angle and nonlinear thermal convection parameter—are thoroughly examined.The results show that the drag coefficient and heat transfer rate increase with the nonlinear thermal convection parameter,Casson parameter and Biot number.In contrast,they decrease as the Forchheimer number and inclination angle increase.The velocity near the surface of the inclined plate increases with the Biot number,Casson parameter and nonlinear thermal convection parameter.However,it decreases farther from the plate.Additionally,the temperature of the Casson fluid increases with most parameters,except the Casson and nonlinear thermal convection parameters.
文摘For the new subclass B of the bi-univalent functions constructed with the help of the(u,v)-Chebyshev polynomials of the second type,we get estimates for the first two initial coefficients and upper bounds of the Fekete-Szeg o functional.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12275190,12105201)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(Grant No.2024ZB723)。
文摘Rational design of porous metal oxide films that serve as not only the scaffolds for light absorbers but also the transfer layer of photo generated charges is essential for fabricating highly efficient photoanodes for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen generation.In this work,w report a facile one-step pyrolysis method which can convert Zn-based MOF to porous ZnO(m-ZnO)with rough surface and abundant oxygen vacancies(O_(v)).When incorporating core-shell quantum dots(QDs)as the light absorbers,the obtained photoanodes(m-ZnO@QDs)achieved outstanding PEC performance for hydrogen generation,exhibiting 1.6 times and 5.8 times higher saturated photocurrent density(J_(sc))than thos of conventional TiO_(2)@QDs and ZnO@QDs photoanodes,respectively.Comprehensive optical and electrochemical measurements reveal tha the rough surface of m-ZnO can significantly improve the light-harvesting capacity of corresponding photoanodes through surface-enhanced light scattering.Moreover,the O_(v)in m-ZnO facilitate the interfacial transfer of photogenerated electrons.Our findings indicate that the MOF are valuable precursors for the preparation of porous films,offering a promising route to develop high-performance QDs-based PEC devices.
文摘In this manuscript,a class of multi-term delay fractional differential equations(FDEs)under the Hilfer derivative is considered.Some newly updated results are established under boundary conditions.For the required results,we utilize the fixed point theory and tools of the nonlinear functional analysis.Further keeping in mind the importance of stability results,we develop some adequate results about the said aspect.The Hyers-Ulam(H-U)-type concept is used to derive the required stability for the solution of the considered problem.Finally,by appropriate test problems,we justify our findings.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.KVJBMC23001536)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing(No.20240518)+2 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers(Fudan University)(No.K2024-15)the Central Universities support from Beijing Jiaotong University(No.KVYJS24011536)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62175012).
文摘Due to the rapid development and potential applications of iron(Ⅲ)-alginate(Fe-Alg)microgels in biomedical as well as environmental engineering,this study explores the preparation and characterization of spherical Fe-Alg microgels using droplet microfluidics combined with an external ionic crosslinking method.This study focused on the role of Fe^(3+)and examined its effects on the physical/chemical properties of microgels under different ionic conditions and reduced or oxidized states.The pH-dependent release behavior of Fe^(3+)from these microgels demonstrates their potential biomedical and environmental applications.Furthermore,the microgels can exhibit magnetism simply by utilizing in situ oxidation,which can be further used for targeted drug delivery and magnetic separation technologies.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12250410244)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent of China(No.2023ZB884)+2 种基金the Foreign Expert Project funding of China(No.WGXZ2023017L)the Shuang-Chuang(SC)Doctor Program of Jiangsu Provincethe Longshan Scholar Program of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology。
文摘The unsteady magnetohydrodynamical(MHD)free convection flow of an incompressible,electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid within a vertical cylindrical geometry is investigated,incorporating the effects of thermal radiation,viscous dissipation,and internal heat generation.The system is subjected to a time-periodic boundary temperature condition.The Laplace and finite Hankel transforms are used to derive the exact solutions for the velocity and temperature distributions.The effects of various key physical parameters,including the Richardson number,the Eckert number,the radiation parameter,the heat source parameter,and the nanoparticle volume fraction,are considered.The numerical results reveal that increasing the volume fraction significantly enhances the thermal conductivity and temperature,while the magnetic field intensity and viscous dissipation strongly influence the fluid motion and heat transport.Additionally,the pulsating boundary conditions produce distinct oscillatory behaviors in both the velocity and temperature fields.These findings provide important insights into optimizing the heat transfer performance in cylindrical systems such as electronic cooling modules and energy storage devices operating under dynamic thermal conditions.
文摘Understanding the complex interaction between heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian microflows is essential for the development and optimization of efficient microfluidic and thermal management systems.This study investigates the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)thermosolutal convection of a Casson fluid within an inclined,porous microchannel subjected to convective boundary conditions.The nonlinear,coupled equations governing momentum,energy,and species transport are solved numerically using the MATLAB bvp4c solver,ensuring high numerical accuracy and stability.To identify the dominant parameters influencing flow behavior and to optimize transport performance,a comprehensive hybrid optimization framework—combining a modified Taguchi design,Grey Relational Analysis(GRA),and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)—is proposed.This integrated strategy enables the simultaneous assessment of skin friction,Nusselt number,and Sherwood number,providing a rigorous multi-objective evaluation of system performance.Comparative validation with benchmark results from the literature confirms the accuracy and reliability of the present formulation and its numerical implementation.The results highlight the intricate coupling among flow slip,buoyancy effects,and convective transport mechanisms.Increased slip flow enhances axial velocity,while a higher solutal Biot number intensifies concentration gradients near the channel walls.Conversely,a lower thermal Biot number diminishes the temperature field,indicating weaker heat transfer across the boundaries.PCA results reveal that the first principal component(PC1)accounts for most of the system variance,demonstrating the dominant influence of coupled flow and transport parameters on overall system performance.
基金the financial support of the European Union under the REFRESH-Research Excellence for Region Sustainability and High-tech Industries project number CZ.10.03.01/00/22_003/0000048 via the Operational Programme Just Transition and has been done in connection with project Students Grant Competition SP2025/062"specific research on progressive and sustainable production technologies"and SP2025/063"specific research on innovative and progressive manufacturing technologies"financed by the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports and Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VSB-TUOThe authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to Researchers Supporting Project number(RSP2025R472)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘In a world where supply chains are increasingly complex and unpredictable,finding the optimal way to move goods through transshipment networks is more important and challenging than ever.In addition to addressing the complexity of transportation costs and demand,this study presents a novel method that offers flexible routing alternatives to manage these complexities.When real-world variables such as fluctuating costs,variable capacity,and unpredictable demand are considered,traditional transshipment models often prove inadequate.To overcome these challenges,we propose an innovative fully fuzzy-based framework using LR flat fuzzy numbers.This framework allows for more adaptable and flexible decision-making in multi-objective transshipment situations by effectively capturing uncertain parameters.To overcome these challenges,we develop an innovative,fully fuzzy-based framework using LR flat fuzzy numbers to effectively capture uncertainty in key parameters,offering more flexible and adaptive decision-making in multi-objective transshipment problems.The proposed model also presents alternative route options,giving decisionmakers a range of choices to satisfy multiple requirements,including reducing costs,improving service quality,and expediting delivery.Through extensive numerical experiments,we demonstrate that the model can achieve greater adaptability,efficiency,and flexibility than standard approaches.This multi-path structure provides additional flexibility to adapt to dynamic network conditions.Using ranking strategies,we compared our multi-objective transshipment model with existing methods.The results indicate that,while traditional methods such as goal and fuzzy programming generate results close to the anti-ideal value,thus reducing their efficiency,our model produces solutions close to the ideal value,thereby facilitating better decision making.By combining dynamic routing alternatives with a fully fuzzybased approach,this study offers an effective tool to improve decision-making and optimize complex networks under real-world conditions in practical settings.In this paper,we utilize LINGO 18 software to solve the provided numerical example,demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金"La derivada fraccional generalizada,nuevos resultados y aplicaciones a desigualdades integrales"Cod UIO-077-2024supported via funding from Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University project number(PSAU/2025/R/1446).
文摘The Rössler attractor model is an important model that provides valuable insights into the behavior of chaotic systems in real life and is applicable in understanding weather patterns,biological systems,and secure communications.So,this work aims to present the numerical performances of the nonlinear fractional Rössler attractor system under Caputo derivatives by designing the numerical framework based on Ultraspherical wavelets.The Caputo fractional Rössler attractor model is simulated into two categories,(i)Asymmetric and(ii)Symmetric.The Ultraspherical wavelets basis with suitable collocation grids is implemented for comprehensive error analysis in the solutions of the Caputo fractional Rössler attractor model,depicting each computation in graphs and tables to analyze how fractional order affects the model’s dynamics.Approximate solutions obtained through the proposed scheme for integer order are well comparable with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.Also,the stability analyses of the considered model are discussed for different equilibrium points.Various fractional orders are considered while performing numerical simulations for the Caputo fractional Rössler attractor model by using Mathematica.The suggested approach can solve another non-linear fractional model due to its straightforward implementation.
