Improving mechanical quality factor Q_(m) is of great significance for high-power applications.Here,a new strategy of the[111]_(c) texture engineering was proposed to enhance the performances of high-power piezoelectr...Improving mechanical quality factor Q_(m) is of great significance for high-power applications.Here,a new strategy of the[111]_(c) texture engineering was proposed to enhance the performances of high-power piezoelectric ceramics.The 5 vol%BaTiO_(3)(BT)templates with the[111]c preferred orientation were in-troduced into matrix powders of 0.03 Pb(Mn_(1/3) Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.33Pb(Ni_(1/3) Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.28 PbZrO_(3)-0.36PbTiO_(3)(28PZ(R))to form the[111]c textured ceramics(28PZ(T)),possessing a texture degree of 74%.The mul-tiple of uniform density in EBSD increased from 0.63 in randomly oriented 28 PZ(R)to 6.63 in 28PZ(T).The good lattice matching between BT templates and textured grains was observed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,confirming the microscopic origin of the[111]c texture.The maximum phase angleθmax of 88.2°was quite near 90°in 28PZ(T),ensuring the optimal Qm value of 1275 and the great figure of merit of 255,000 pC/N.The increased Q_(m) in[111]c texture ceramics was confirmed due to the reduced intrinsic polarization directions rather than the pinning effect of the internal bias field.Larger grain sizes with larger domains restrained the movement of domain walls in 28 PZ(T),which was also favorable to higher Q_(m).This work may provide a new promising route for further high-power applications.展开更多
High-entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted considerable attention because of their excellent properties and broad compositional design space.However,traditional trial-and-error methods for screening HEAs are costly and i...High-entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted considerable attention because of their excellent properties and broad compositional design space.However,traditional trial-and-error methods for screening HEAs are costly and inefficient,thereby limiting the development of new materials.Although density functional theory(DFT),molecular dynamics(MD),and thermodynamic modeling have improved the design efficiency,their indirect connection to properties has led to limitations in calculation and prediction.With the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Physics and Chemistry to artificial intelligence(AI)related researchers,there has been a renewed enthusiasm for the application of machine learning(ML)in the field of alloy materials.In this study,common and advanced ML models and strategies in HEA design were introduced,and the mechanism by which ML can play a role in composition optimization and performance prediction was investigated through case studies.The general workflow of ML application in material design was also introduced from the programmer’s point of view,including data preprocessing,feature engineering,model training,evaluation,optimization,and interpretability.Furthermore,data scarcity,multi-model coupling,and other challenges and opportunities at the current stage were analyzed,and an outlook on future research directions was provided.展开更多
We improved the overall performance of fast-growing poplar by utilizing a low-cost, effective and simple method. The fast-growing poplar was modified by a vacuum-pressure impregnation method with three types of modifi...We improved the overall performance of fast-growing poplar by utilizing a low-cost, effective and simple method. The fast-growing poplar was modified by a vacuum-pressure impregnation method with three types of modification solutions composed of phe- nol-melamine-formaldehyde （PMF） co-condensed resin, diatomite, and 3-aminopropyl （diethoxy） methylsilane. We measured the weight percent gain （WPG）, bulking, leaching, anti-swelling efficiency （ASE）, wa- ter-repellent effectiveness （WRE）, and oxygen index of the modified specimens. All of the wood physical properties, which are beneficial for human uses, were significantly improved by the treatment. We improved various characteristics of wood and the oxygen index of poplar above 48.6% after the modification using diatomite and PMF co-condensed resin.展开更多
The α alloy Ti-2Al-2.5Zr and near α alloy Ti-4Al-2V were hydrogenated to various levels. The morphology, orientation relation （OR）, and habit plane of the hydrides were studied by means of transmission electron mi...The α alloy Ti-2Al-2.5Zr and near α alloy Ti-4Al-2V were hydrogenated to various levels. The morphology, orientation relation （OR）, and habit plane of the hydrides were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. It was found that in the two alloys most of the precipitates are δ-hydrides which have fcc structure with the lattice parameter a = 0.44 nm. Two basic orientation relationships and habit planes of the precipitates are determined. Twin structure was observed in both alloys.展开更多
The principle, design, construction and performance of the amperometric and potentiometric sensors for measuring the permeation rate of hydrogen through the wall of metal equipment were investigated in order to develo...The principle, design, construction and performance of the amperometric and potentiometric sensors for measuring the permeation rate of hydrogen through the wall of metal equipment were investigated in order to develop a new type of hydrogen sensor with high accuracy. The transient curves of hydrogen permeation under a given charging condition were employed to evaluate the performance of two types of hydrogen sensors. The relative deviation of the hydrogen concentration detected with two types of sensors under the same condition varied from 3.0% to 13%. The accuracy, response time, reproducibility, and installation were discussed and compared. Response time of the potentiometric sensor （E-sensor） was shorter than that of the amperometric sensor （I-sensor）. Both types of sensors exhibited good reproducibility. Development of I-sensor composed of a kind of proton conductor adhesives or non-fluid electrolytes which contain two functions of high electrical conductivity and a strong adhesion will be a promising prospect in order to measure hydrogen permeation at high temperature.展开更多
A two-dimensional（2D） coordination polymer {[Cd2（sdb）2（dpb）2]·3H2O}n（1） was prepared by solvothermal reaction of two types of V-shaped ligands： 1,3-dipyridyl benzene（dpb） and deprotonated 4,4＇-sulfony...A two-dimensional（2D） coordination polymer {[Cd2（sdb）2（dpb）2]·3H2O}n（1） was prepared by solvothermal reaction of two types of V-shaped ligands： 1,3-dipyridyl benzene（dpb） and deprotonated 4,4＇-sulfonyldibenzoic acid（H2sdb）. It was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group Fdd2 with a = 46.247（10）, b = 9.994（2）, c = 24.267（6） A, V = 11216（4） A3, C60H46Cd2N4O15S2, Mr = 1387.97, Dc = 1.559 g/cm^3, F（000） = 5296.0, μ = 0.902 mm^-1 and Z = 8. Each [Cd（COO）]2 cluster links four sdb2- anions to form infinitely ABAB stacked 2D wave-like sheets, in which each sheet contains the same helical chains, and the helical directions of sheets A and B are reversed. Dpb links the rest coordinated sites of [（COO）Cd]2 cluster to form a 2D network. In addition, the solid fluorescence of 1 and dpb is also studied.展开更多
Lithium rich layered oxide(LRLO) has been considered as one of the promising cathodes for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). The high voltage and large capacity of LRLO depend on Li2MnO_(3)phase. To ameliorate the electroch...Lithium rich layered oxide(LRLO) has been considered as one of the promising cathodes for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). The high voltage and large capacity of LRLO depend on Li2MnO_(3)phase. To ameliorate the electrochemical performance of Li2MnO_(3), also written as Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O_(2), we propose a strategy to substitute Mn4+and Li+in Mn/Li transition metal layer with Ti4+, which can stabilize the structure of Li2MnO_(3)by inhibiting the excessive oxidation of O_(2)-above 4.5 V. More significantly, the unequal-valent substitution brings about the emergence of interlayer Li vacancies, which can promote the Li-ion diffusion based on the enlarged interlayer and increase the capacity by activating the Mn3+/4+redox. We designed Li0.7[Li1/3Mn2/3]0.7Ti0.3O_(2)with high interlayer Li vacancies, which presents a high capacity(290 m Ah/g at 10 m A/g) and stable cycling performance(84% over 60 cycles at 50 m A/g). We predict that this strategy will be helpful to further improve the electrochemical performance of LRLOs.展开更多
Nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC)/poly(lactic acid)(PLLA) composite membranes were prepared by the solution casting method.Physical and chemical modifications were performed to improve the compatibility of NCC and PLLA.T...Nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC)/poly(lactic acid)(PLLA) composite membranes were prepared by the solution casting method.Physical and chemical modifications were performed to improve the compatibility of NCC and PLLA.The results indicated that the NCC dispersibility of the composite membranes with chemical modification were superior to that of the composite membranes with physical modification.Moreover,the chemical modification NCC not only had a large effect on the nucleation and growth of the crystals,but also affected the crystal forms of PLLA.This was because chemical reactions took place between the silicone of silane coupling agent(KH-570) and the hydroxyl groups of NCC during blending.The chemical modification NCC could be dispersed stably in the PLLA matrix,and it played the role of a nucleating agent.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries are widely recognized as prime candidates for energy storage devices.Ethylene carbonate(EC)has become a critical component in conventional commercial electrolytes due to its exceptional film-form...Lithium-ion batteries are widely recognized as prime candidates for energy storage devices.Ethylene carbonate(EC)has become a critical component in conventional commercial electrolytes due to its exceptional film-forming properties and high dielectric constant.However,the elevated freezing point,high viscosity,and strong solvation energy of EC significantly hinder the transport rate of Li^(+)and the desolvation process at low temperatures.This leads to substantial capacity loss and even lithium plating on graphite anodes.Herein,we have developed an efficient electrolyte system specifically designed for lowtemperature conditions,which consists of 1.0 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)in isoxazole(IZ)with fluorobenzene(FB)as an uncoordinated solvent and fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)as a filmforming co-solvent.This system effectively lowers the desolvation energy of Li^(+)through dipole-dipole interactions.The weak solvation capability allows more anions to enter the solvation sheath,promoting the formation of contact ion pairs(CIPs)and aggregates(AGGs)that enhance the transport rate of Li^(+)while maintaining high ionic conductivity across a broad temperature range.Moreover,the formation of inorganic-dominant interfacial phases on the graphite anode,induced by fluoroethylene carbonate,significantly enhances the kinetics of Li^(+)transport.At a low temperature of-20℃,this electrolyte system achieves an impressive reversible capacity of 200.9 mAh g^(-1)in graphite half-cell,which is nearly three times that observed with conventional EC-based electrolytes,demonstrating excellent stability throughout its operation.展开更多
The ability to predict tableting properties of a powder mixture from individual components is of both fundamental and practical importance to the efficient formulation development of tablet products. A common tabletin...The ability to predict tableting properties of a powder mixture from individual components is of both fundamental and practical importance to the efficient formulation development of tablet products. A common tableting classification system(TCS) of binary powder mixtures facilitates the systematic development of new knowledge in this direction. Based on the dependence of tablet tensile strength on weight fraction in a binary mixture,three main types of tableting behavior are identified. Each type is further divided to arrive at a total of 15 sub-classes. The proposed classification system lays a framework for a better understanding of powder interactions during compaction. Potential applications and limitations of this classification system are discussed.展开更多
A new preparation method of near-net-shape 6.5 wt% Si high silicon steel sheets was proposed by combining composite electrodeposition(CED) and diffusion annealing under magnetic field. The obtained sheets were charact...A new preparation method of near-net-shape 6.5 wt% Si high silicon steel sheets was proposed by combining composite electrodeposition(CED) and diffusion annealing under magnetic field. The obtained sheets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, analytical balance and a silicon steel material measurement system. The results show that the surface morphology,the elemental distribution, the cathode current efficiency and the silicon content of coatings were obviously influenced by the micro and macro magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) flows under magnetic field.With the effect of magnetic field, the silicon particles content of coatings showed an increasing trend and the diffusion process showed that an approximately uniform 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheet has been successfully obtained. The magnetism measurement showed that the high silicon steel sheet has the lower iron loss, and the iron loss further decreased under magnetic field. The new method proposed in this article,which is more environmentally friendly and low energy consumption, is feasible to prepare high silicon steel sheets.展开更多
Dry powder inhalers are often formulated by attaching micronized drug particles onto carrier particles, which are generally lactose. In this study, commercially available lactose was air jet milled to produce unique s...Dry powder inhalers are often formulated by attaching micronized drug particles onto carrier particles, which are generally lactose. In this study, commercially available lactose was air jet milled to produce unique slab-like coarse carrier particles, which have larger and rougher surfaces compared to other commercially available lactose. Two key processing factors, i.e.,classifier speed and jet milling pressure, were systematically investigated. The largest fraction of slab-like particles in the resulting powder was obtained at a classifier speed of 3000 rpm.The slab-like coarse carrier particles are expected to exhibit superior performance than commercial lactose due to their unique surface properties.展开更多
The development of stable and highly efficien multifunctional electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are essential for the efficient c...The development of stable and highly efficien multifunctional electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are essential for the efficient conversion and storage of renewable energy.The significant advantages of single-atom catalysts,such as strong metal slab interactions,unsaturated coordination and efficient atomic utilization,have opened new avenues for designing multifunctional catalysts.Herein,based on density functional theory,a single atom doped PdPX system was designed as a multifunctional electrocatalyst,which demonstrated the synergistic effect between defects and transition metal atoms and led to enhanced catalytic performance.The results showed that PdPS/PdPSe with P/X vacancy,PdPTe with P/Pd vacancy and Co/Rh/Ir@PdPX exhibited promising HER activity.Co@PdPS(Se),with an overpotential of 0.56(0.44)V,was predicted to be a promising OER catalyst.Moreover,Rh(Ir)@PdPS(Se)catalysts exhibited efficient catalytic properties for ORR Besides,Co@PdPS(Se),Rh(Ir)@PdPS~(V(S)),Co@PdP-Se~(V(Se))and Ir@PdPS~(V(S)-1)exihibited multifunctional catalytic performance with moderate overpotential.Next,the origin of catalytic activity was revealed by using the crystal orbital Hamilton populations theory.For a strong adsorption system,proper filling of the anti-bonding state can increase the energy of the system,weaken the adsorption strength,and facilitate the desorption of intermediates Conversely,augmenting bonding states can enhance its adsorption capacity.These findings provide theoretica guidance for the design and fabrication of novel multifunctional electrocatalysts in terms of filling of bondingstate.展开更多
We present numerical studies on the switching characteristics of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with modulation in the third order nonlinear index of refraction along it’s length. The FBG is operating in a continuous wa...We present numerical studies on the switching characteristics of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with modulation in the third order nonlinear index of refraction along it’s length. The FBG is operating in a continuous wave regime (CW). This study was done taking into account the possible asymmetry brought by the non harmonic modulation of the nonlinearity, leading to different reflection and transmission characteristics, that depend on the direction of propagation along the modulated nonlinear FBG. This phenomenon may be useful for applications like an optical isolator. It was found that for a set of values of the modulation parameter, the FBG can exhibit multistable states. The numerical studies were obtained starting from the coupled-mode equations solved from the coupled-mode theory and simulated using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.展开更多
BaTiO_(3) (BT)-based piezoceramics with large temperature-stable strains and low hysteresis are urgently needed for high-precision actuators because of increasing environmental problems. Here, tetragonal [001]c-textur...BaTiO_(3) (BT)-based piezoceramics with large temperature-stable strains and low hysteresis are urgently needed for high-precision actuators because of increasing environmental problems. Here, tetragonal [001]c-textured (Ba_(0.98)Ca_(0.02))(Ti_(0.96)Sn_(0.04))O_(3) (BCTS) ceramics with a texture degree (F_(001)) of ~98% were obtained via the templated grain growth (TGG) method. A large maximum unipolar strain (S_(max)) of ~0.24% with a low strain hysteresis (Hs) of ~3.8% and an optimized piezoelectric strain coefficient (d_(33)^(*)) of ~1124 pm·V^(−1) are simultaneously achieved in the textured BCTS ceramics. Moreover, the variation in the strain response is less than 20% from room temperature (RT) to 100℃ for the textured ceramics. The underlying mechanism for the optimized strain performance could be attributed to the synergetic effect of the polarization extension and a fine domain structure. This work provides new insight for achieving a balance of multiple strain properties (large strain, low hysteresis, and high-temperature stability) in BT-based ceramics, showing the widespread application prospects of lead-free ceramics in high-precision actuators.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2021E052)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52202131 and 52002093)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.HIT.NSRIF202313 and HIT.NSRIF202214)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3403902).
文摘Improving mechanical quality factor Q_(m) is of great significance for high-power applications.Here,a new strategy of the[111]_(c) texture engineering was proposed to enhance the performances of high-power piezoelectric ceramics.The 5 vol%BaTiO_(3)(BT)templates with the[111]c preferred orientation were in-troduced into matrix powders of 0.03 Pb(Mn_(1/3) Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.33Pb(Ni_(1/3) Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.28 PbZrO_(3)-0.36PbTiO_(3)(28PZ(R))to form the[111]c textured ceramics(28PZ(T)),possessing a texture degree of 74%.The mul-tiple of uniform density in EBSD increased from 0.63 in randomly oriented 28 PZ(R)to 6.63 in 28PZ(T).The good lattice matching between BT templates and textured grains was observed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,confirming the microscopic origin of the[111]c texture.The maximum phase angleθmax of 88.2°was quite near 90°in 28PZ(T),ensuring the optimal Qm value of 1275 and the great figure of merit of 255,000 pC/N.The increased Q_(m) in[111]c texture ceramics was confirmed due to the reduced intrinsic polarization directions rather than the pinning effect of the internal bias field.Larger grain sizes with larger domains restrained the movement of domain walls in 28 PZ(T),which was also favorable to higher Q_(m).This work may provide a new promising route for further high-power applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52161011)the Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(Guike ZY23055005,Guike ZY24212036 and GuikeAB25069457)+5 种基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Project(2023GXNSFDA026046 and Guike AB24010247)the Scientifc Research and Technology Development Program of Guilin(20220110-3 and 20230110-3)the Scientifc Research and Technology Development Program of Nanning Jiangnan district(20230715-02)the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superhard Material(2022-K-001)the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials(231003-Z,231033-K and 231013-Z)the Innovation Project of GUET Graduate Education(2025YCXS177)for the fnancial support given to this work.
文摘High-entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted considerable attention because of their excellent properties and broad compositional design space.However,traditional trial-and-error methods for screening HEAs are costly and inefficient,thereby limiting the development of new materials.Although density functional theory(DFT),molecular dynamics(MD),and thermodynamic modeling have improved the design efficiency,their indirect connection to properties has led to limitations in calculation and prediction.With the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Physics and Chemistry to artificial intelligence(AI)related researchers,there has been a renewed enthusiasm for the application of machine learning(ML)in the field of alloy materials.In this study,common and advanced ML models and strategies in HEA design were introduced,and the mechanism by which ML can play a role in composition optimization and performance prediction was investigated through case studies.The general workflow of ML application in material design was also introduced from the programmer’s point of view,including data preprocessing,feature engineering,model training,evaluation,optimization,and interpretability.Furthermore,data scarcity,multi-model coupling,and other challenges and opportunities at the current stage were analyzed,and an outlook on future research directions was provided.
基金supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-10-0311)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31000271)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DL11BB29)
文摘We improved the overall performance of fast-growing poplar by utilizing a low-cost, effective and simple method. The fast-growing poplar was modified by a vacuum-pressure impregnation method with three types of modification solutions composed of phe- nol-melamine-formaldehyde （PMF） co-condensed resin, diatomite, and 3-aminopropyl （diethoxy） methylsilane. We measured the weight percent gain （WPG）, bulking, leaching, anti-swelling efficiency （ASE）, wa- ter-repellent effectiveness （WRE）, and oxygen index of the modified specimens. All of the wood physical properties, which are beneficial for human uses, were significantly improved by the treatment. We improved various characteristics of wood and the oxygen index of poplar above 48.6% after the modification using diatomite and PMF co-condensed resin.
文摘The α alloy Ti-2Al-2.5Zr and near α alloy Ti-4Al-2V were hydrogenated to various levels. The morphology, orientation relation （OR）, and habit plane of the hydrides were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. It was found that in the two alloys most of the precipitates are δ-hydrides which have fcc structure with the lattice parameter a = 0.44 nm. Two basic orientation relationships and habit planes of the precipitates are determined. Twin structure was observed in both alloys.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21176061)China and Science and Technology Planning Project (2013FJ3023) of Hunan Province in China
文摘The principle, design, construction and performance of the amperometric and potentiometric sensors for measuring the permeation rate of hydrogen through the wall of metal equipment were investigated in order to develop a new type of hydrogen sensor with high accuracy. The transient curves of hydrogen permeation under a given charging condition were employed to evaluate the performance of two types of hydrogen sensors. The relative deviation of the hydrogen concentration detected with two types of sensors under the same condition varied from 3.0% to 13%. The accuracy, response time, reproducibility, and installation were discussed and compared. Response time of the potentiometric sensor （E-sensor） was shorter than that of the amperometric sensor （I-sensor）. Both types of sensors exhibited good reproducibility. Development of I-sensor composed of a kind of proton conductor adhesives or non-fluid electrolytes which contain two functions of high electrical conductivity and a strong adhesion will be a promising prospect in order to measure hydrogen permeation at high temperature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21301005)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1308085QB34,1408085QB31)
文摘A two-dimensional（2D） coordination polymer {[Cd2（sdb）2（dpb）2]·3H2O}n（1） was prepared by solvothermal reaction of two types of V-shaped ligands： 1,3-dipyridyl benzene（dpb） and deprotonated 4,4＇-sulfonyldibenzoic acid（H2sdb）. It was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group Fdd2 with a = 46.247（10）, b = 9.994（2）, c = 24.267（6） A, V = 11216（4） A3, C60H46Cd2N4O15S2, Mr = 1387.97, Dc = 1.559 g/cm^3, F（000） = 5296.0, μ = 0.902 mm^-1 and Z = 8. Each [Cd（COO）]2 cluster links four sdb2- anions to form infinitely ABAB stacked 2D wave-like sheets, in which each sheet contains the same helical chains, and the helical directions of sheets A and B are reversed. Dpb links the rest coordinated sites of [（COO）Cd]2 cluster to form a 2D network. In addition, the solid fluorescence of 1 and dpb is also studied.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51972258 and 22109186)Open Fund by Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology (No. 2021KF0021)supported by 21C Innovation Laboratory,Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd. by Project No. 21C-OP-202002。
文摘Lithium rich layered oxide(LRLO) has been considered as one of the promising cathodes for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). The high voltage and large capacity of LRLO depend on Li2MnO_(3)phase. To ameliorate the electrochemical performance of Li2MnO_(3), also written as Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O_(2), we propose a strategy to substitute Mn4+and Li+in Mn/Li transition metal layer with Ti4+, which can stabilize the structure of Li2MnO_(3)by inhibiting the excessive oxidation of O_(2)-above 4.5 V. More significantly, the unequal-valent substitution brings about the emergence of interlayer Li vacancies, which can promote the Li-ion diffusion based on the enlarged interlayer and increase the capacity by activating the Mn3+/4+redox. We designed Li0.7[Li1/3Mn2/3]0.7Ti0.3O_(2)with high interlayer Li vacancies, which presents a high capacity(290 m Ah/g at 10 m A/g) and stable cycling performance(84% over 60 cycles at 50 m A/g). We predict that this strategy will be helpful to further improve the electrochemical performance of LRLOs.
文摘Nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC)/poly(lactic acid)(PLLA) composite membranes were prepared by the solution casting method.Physical and chemical modifications were performed to improve the compatibility of NCC and PLLA.The results indicated that the NCC dispersibility of the composite membranes with chemical modification were superior to that of the composite membranes with physical modification.Moreover,the chemical modification NCC not only had a large effect on the nucleation and growth of the crystals,but also affected the crystal forms of PLLA.This was because chemical reactions took place between the silicone of silane coupling agent(KH-570) and the hydroxyl groups of NCC during blending.The chemical modification NCC could be dispersed stably in the PLLA matrix,and it played the role of a nucleating agent.
基金financial support from the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(20240304104SF,20240304103SF)the Research and Innovation Fund of the Beihua University for the Graduate Student(Major Project 2023012)。
文摘Lithium-ion batteries are widely recognized as prime candidates for energy storage devices.Ethylene carbonate(EC)has become a critical component in conventional commercial electrolytes due to its exceptional film-forming properties and high dielectric constant.However,the elevated freezing point,high viscosity,and strong solvation energy of EC significantly hinder the transport rate of Li^(+)and the desolvation process at low temperatures.This leads to substantial capacity loss and even lithium plating on graphite anodes.Herein,we have developed an efficient electrolyte system specifically designed for lowtemperature conditions,which consists of 1.0 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)in isoxazole(IZ)with fluorobenzene(FB)as an uncoordinated solvent and fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)as a filmforming co-solvent.This system effectively lowers the desolvation energy of Li^(+)through dipole-dipole interactions.The weak solvation capability allows more anions to enter the solvation sheath,promoting the formation of contact ion pairs(CIPs)and aggregates(AGGs)that enhance the transport rate of Li^(+)while maintaining high ionic conductivity across a broad temperature range.Moreover,the formation of inorganic-dominant interfacial phases on the graphite anode,induced by fluoroethylene carbonate,significantly enhances the kinetics of Li^(+)transport.At a low temperature of-20℃,this electrolyte system achieves an impressive reversible capacity of 200.9 mAh g^(-1)in graphite half-cell,which is nearly three times that observed with conventional EC-based electrolytes,demonstrating excellent stability throughout its operation.
文摘The ability to predict tableting properties of a powder mixture from individual components is of both fundamental and practical importance to the efficient formulation development of tablet products. A common tableting classification system(TCS) of binary powder mixtures facilitates the systematic development of new knowledge in this direction. Based on the dependence of tablet tensile strength on weight fraction in a binary mixture,three main types of tableting behavior are identified. Each type is further divided to arrive at a total of 15 sub-classes. The proposed classification system lays a framework for a better understanding of powder interactions during compaction. Potential applications and limitations of this classification system are discussed.
基金financial support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0300401)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Key Project No.13JC1402500,15520711000)the Independent Research and Development Project of State Key of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai University(Nos.SKLASS2015-Z021 and SELF-2014-02)
文摘A new preparation method of near-net-shape 6.5 wt% Si high silicon steel sheets was proposed by combining composite electrodeposition(CED) and diffusion annealing under magnetic field. The obtained sheets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, analytical balance and a silicon steel material measurement system. The results show that the surface morphology,the elemental distribution, the cathode current efficiency and the silicon content of coatings were obviously influenced by the micro and macro magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) flows under magnetic field.With the effect of magnetic field, the silicon particles content of coatings showed an increasing trend and the diffusion process showed that an approximately uniform 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheet has been successfully obtained. The magnetism measurement showed that the high silicon steel sheet has the lower iron loss, and the iron loss further decreased under magnetic field. The new method proposed in this article,which is more environmentally friendly and low energy consumption, is feasible to prepare high silicon steel sheets.
基金the funding support for this study from GEA-NUS PPRL (N-148-000-008-001)SERC Grant No. 102 169 0049 (R-148-000-157-305)partial support from the NSF through the NNIN program
文摘Dry powder inhalers are often formulated by attaching micronized drug particles onto carrier particles, which are generally lactose. In this study, commercially available lactose was air jet milled to produce unique slab-like coarse carrier particles, which have larger and rougher surfaces compared to other commercially available lactose. Two key processing factors, i.e.,classifier speed and jet milling pressure, were systematically investigated. The largest fraction of slab-like particles in the resulting powder was obtained at a classifier speed of 3000 rpm.The slab-like coarse carrier particles are expected to exhibit superior performance than commercial lactose due to their unique surface properties.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12204215)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Nos.ZR2022ME030 and ZR2021QA026)。
文摘The development of stable and highly efficien multifunctional electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are essential for the efficient conversion and storage of renewable energy.The significant advantages of single-atom catalysts,such as strong metal slab interactions,unsaturated coordination and efficient atomic utilization,have opened new avenues for designing multifunctional catalysts.Herein,based on density functional theory,a single atom doped PdPX system was designed as a multifunctional electrocatalyst,which demonstrated the synergistic effect between defects and transition metal atoms and led to enhanced catalytic performance.The results showed that PdPS/PdPSe with P/X vacancy,PdPTe with P/Pd vacancy and Co/Rh/Ir@PdPX exhibited promising HER activity.Co@PdPS(Se),with an overpotential of 0.56(0.44)V,was predicted to be a promising OER catalyst.Moreover,Rh(Ir)@PdPS(Se)catalysts exhibited efficient catalytic properties for ORR Besides,Co@PdPS(Se),Rh(Ir)@PdPS~(V(S)),Co@PdP-Se~(V(Se))and Ir@PdPS~(V(S)-1)exihibited multifunctional catalytic performance with moderate overpotential.Next,the origin of catalytic activity was revealed by using the crystal orbital Hamilton populations theory.For a strong adsorption system,proper filling of the anti-bonding state can increase the energy of the system,weaken the adsorption strength,and facilitate the desorption of intermediates Conversely,augmenting bonding states can enhance its adsorption capacity.These findings provide theoretica guidance for the design and fabrication of novel multifunctional electrocatalysts in terms of filling of bondingstate.
基金Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico CNPq,CAPES and FUNCAP
文摘We present numerical studies on the switching characteristics of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with modulation in the third order nonlinear index of refraction along it’s length. The FBG is operating in a continuous wave regime (CW). This study was done taking into account the possible asymmetry brought by the non harmonic modulation of the nonlinearity, leading to different reflection and transmission characteristics, that depend on the direction of propagation along the modulated nonlinear FBG. This phenomenon may be useful for applications like an optical isolator. It was found that for a set of values of the modulation parameter, the FBG can exhibit multistable states. The numerical studies were obtained starting from the coupled-mode equations solved from the coupled-mode theory and simulated using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52102132)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(Nos.ZR2024ME201 and ZR2021ME085)+1 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices(No.EFMD2023001M)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2022E049).
文摘BaTiO_(3) (BT)-based piezoceramics with large temperature-stable strains and low hysteresis are urgently needed for high-precision actuators because of increasing environmental problems. Here, tetragonal [001]c-textured (Ba_(0.98)Ca_(0.02))(Ti_(0.96)Sn_(0.04))O_(3) (BCTS) ceramics with a texture degree (F_(001)) of ~98% were obtained via the templated grain growth (TGG) method. A large maximum unipolar strain (S_(max)) of ~0.24% with a low strain hysteresis (Hs) of ~3.8% and an optimized piezoelectric strain coefficient (d_(33)^(*)) of ~1124 pm·V^(−1) are simultaneously achieved in the textured BCTS ceramics. Moreover, the variation in the strain response is less than 20% from room temperature (RT) to 100℃ for the textured ceramics. The underlying mechanism for the optimized strain performance could be attributed to the synergetic effect of the polarization extension and a fine domain structure. This work provides new insight for achieving a balance of multiple strain properties (large strain, low hysteresis, and high-temperature stability) in BT-based ceramics, showing the widespread application prospects of lead-free ceramics in high-precision actuators.
