In this paper,an analytic method is developed to address steady SH-wave scattering and perform dynamic analysis of multiple circular cavities in half space.The scattered wave function used for scattering of SH-waves b...In this paper,an analytic method is developed to address steady SH-wave scattering and perform dynamic analysis of multiple circular cavities in half space.The scattered wave function used for scattering of SH-waves by multiple circular cavities,which automatically satisfies the stress-free condition at the horizontal surface,is constructed by applying the symmetry of the SH-wave scattering and the method of multi-polar coordinates system.Applying this scattered wave function and method of moving coordinates,the original problem can be transformed to the problem of SH-wave scattering by multiple circular cavities in the full space.Finally,the solution of the problem can be reduced to a series of algebraic equations and solved numerically by truncating the infinite algebraic equations to the finite ones.Numerical examples are provided for case with two cavities to show the effect of wave number,and the distances between the centers of the cavities and from the centers to the ground surface on the dynamic stress concentration around the cavity impacted by incident steady SH-wave.展开更多
To assess the effect of the injection duration of subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin(LMWH)on pain and bruising in patients.Randomized controlled trials and quasiexperimental studies were searched for in four el...To assess the effect of the injection duration of subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin(LMWH)on pain and bruising in patients.Randomized controlled trials and quasiexperimental studies were searched for in four electronic databases.The pooled effect size was expressed as relative risk(RR)andmeandifference(MD)with95%confidence intervals(CI)for dichotomous and continuous data.Cochrane Q and p value were used to assess heterogeneity and the I2 statistic was adopted to quantify the level.Finally,eight studies involving a total of 532 participants met our inclusion criteria.The slow(30 second)injection was associated with a reduction in pain intensity and duration,and lower bruising occurrence at 48-72 hours and 48 hours post injection.The bruising area was also smaller at 48 hours and 60 hours post injection.Nodifferenceswere identified betweenthe slowand fast(10 second)injectionin bruising area and bruising occurrence at 24 hours and 60 hours post injection.With present evidences,slow injection of LMWH is beneficial to the patient's well being,but further studies to identify the feasibility and standardization of the technique is recommended.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) transvaginal oocyte retrieval using ultrasonography and explore its mechanism. METHODS: Ninety p...OBJECTIVE: To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) transvaginal oocyte retrieval using ultrasonography and explore its mechanism. METHODS: Ninety patients undergoing IVF-EF oocyte retrieval were randomly divided into three groups: an acupuncture group with needles inserted into bilateral Hegu (LI 4) points, a placebo group given placebo needles, and a control group with routine oocyte retrieval. Each group had an indometacin enema 30 min before the operation. We compared the pain-rated index (PRI), visual analogy scale (VAS), and present pain intensity (PPI) immediately after operation and 1 h after operation. We also determined the neuropeptide Y (NPY) level of the follicular fluid. RESULTS: PRI, VAS, and PPI after operation and 1 hafter operation in the acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P< 0.01). No obvious difference (P>0.05) was observed in PRI,VAS, and PPI after operation and 1 h after operation between the placebo group and the control group.The NPY level of the follicular fluid in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). No obvious difference (P>0.05) was observed in the NPY level of the follicular fluid between the placebo group and the control group. CONCLUSION: The analgesic effect of acupuncture at Hegu in transvaginal oocyte retrieval using ultrasonography may be related to the increase in the NPY level of the follicular fluid.展开更多
Background and Aim: Nurses experience the highest incidence of work-related back injuries, a serious and costly problem that affects their profession. The main aim of this review was to highlight the quality of life o...Background and Aim: Nurses experience the highest incidence of work-related back injuries, a serious and costly problem that affects their profession. The main aim of this review was to highlight the quality of life of nurses who suffer from low back pain. Methods: A review of previous literature review about the impact of LBP on the nurses has been reviewed. The database which was be used for this review included the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL®), Ovid MEDLINE, PuMed, Ovid OLDMEDLINE, Embase Classic + EMBASE (Ovid), The Web of Science (Thomson Reuters). Conclusion: Several studies revealed a significant decrease in the quality of life among nurses who have work-related LBP among nurses. This effect would have its significant magnitude on the nurses’ work and on the quality of healthcare as well. Recommendations: This review promoted the need to adopt an effective educational program with clinical training into basic nursing education and health care practices to maximize the quality of life among nurses in order to reduce the incidence of work-related LBP among nurses.展开更多
Firstly, this paper theoretically proves that with the development of open economy the effect of monetary policy will become poor. Secondly, the paper empirically analyzes the impact of open economy on our monetary po...Firstly, this paper theoretically proves that with the development of open economy the effect of monetary policy will become poor. Secondly, the paper empirically analyzes the impact of open economy on our monetary policy. We conclude that there no longer exists long stable relationship between money supply and economic growth. Finally, in four aspects the paper concretely points out that with the open of economy great changes will take place in the implementation of our monetary policy.展开更多
The paper states something about the characteristic of agricultural material, product and agricultural material market, and searches for the new agricultural material logistics model. In .addition, some proper strateg...The paper states something about the characteristic of agricultural material, product and agricultural material market, and searches for the new agricultural material logistics model. In .addition, some proper strategies are provided for logistic companies.展开更多
Over the years much has been written about the industry life cycle and corporate life cycle, yet there has been remarkably little attention given to the relation between them and M＆A, or why this relationship exists....Over the years much has been written about the industry life cycle and corporate life cycle, yet there has been remarkably little attention given to the relation between them and M＆A, or why this relationship exists. Based on reviewing the industry life cycle and the corporate life cycle, we find the relationship between M＆A and these life cycles, and then propose the life cycle of M＆A. At last, we use the M＆A life cycle to explain the characters of the merger waves over last 100 years.展开更多
Because of the massive expansion in enrollment, the number of graduates from law schools across the country is unprecedented, but the rate of unemployment is also unprecedented in comparison with the graduation. In st...Because of the massive expansion in enrollment, the number of graduates from law schools across the country is unprecedented, but the rate of unemployment is also unprecedented in comparison with the graduation. In stark contrast, many employees are finding it difficult to find graduates of talent fitting directly to working requirements. The traditional mode of education is to cultivate students with legal research abilities, but the main social need calls for graduates who are prepared to practice, which has caused the low employment. As a result, the graduates＇ failure to meet the social demand caused serious imbalance between supply and demand. The characteristic of legal practice skills is to solve practical problems through the practice of adapting legal knowledge, but practical skill training in law school education now is basically nonexistent. The training of legal practice skills must be conducted through aspects of course design, and therefore teaching methods necessitate comprehensive reformation. The practice skills of the legal profession, such as basic literacy, basic skills, and work skills, are indispensable to the education of students. Educating them to attain these skills will aid them directly in practical work after graduation, improve their work quality and employment rate, and consequently improve the whole overall quality of the legal profession.展开更多
It is one of those important aims in the new 5-year plan of the human genome researchproject to construct the STS with the resolution at 100kb. Thus it requires about 30000new STS to cover the whole genome. In 1989, O...It is one of those important aims in the new 5-year plan of the human genome researchproject to construct the STS with the resolution at 100kb. Thus it requires about 30000new STS to cover the whole genome. In 1989, Olson first proposed the concept of STSand STS mapping. Since then STS map has been considered to be one kind of展开更多
Background Interleukin 16 （IL-16） can be detected by ELISA in pleural effusion （PE） and its concentration is higher than in serum. This study investigated the cellular sources of IL-16 in PE. Methods The samples o...Background Interleukin 16 （IL-16） can be detected by ELISA in pleural effusion （PE） and its concentration is higher than in serum. This study investigated the cellular sources of IL-16 in PE. Methods The samples of PE were collected from 34 patients who were newly diagnosed having PE in the pleural cavity We performed cell culture to purify the pleural mesothelial cells （PMC）, Wright staining to count the purity and immunocytochemical stain to identify the cultured cells. The intracellular IL-16 expression was detected by flow cytometry （FCM）. The different cells in PE were first separated by magnetic cell sorting （MCAS） then the separated cells were cultured in RPMI1640 with 10% fetal calf serum （FCS）. We extracted the supernatant and detected IL-16 concentration by ELISA. The IL-16 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence staining. Results The percentages of cells which secreted IL-16 were： CD3^＋CD8^- cells （（74.27±15.56）%, n=34）; CD3^＋CD8^＋ cells （（69.86±18.55）%, n=34）; CD19^＋ cells （（45.30±18.77）%, n=15）; CD14^＋ cells （（16.91＋16.69）%, n=15）; and PMC （（2.05±1.85）%, n=7）. The concentrations of IL-16 in the supernatant from cultured cells were： CD4^＋ cells （（102.50±42.51） ng/L, n=5）; CD8^＋ cells （（92.58±18.34） ng/L, n=5）; CD19^＋ cells （（79.85±5.62） ng/L, n=5）; CD14^＋ cells （（58.51±25.38） ng/L, n=5）; and PMC （（18.14±8.37） ng/L, n=5）. In lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and PMC, we could observe the cells that expressed IL-16 protein. In paraffin-embedded sections, we also could observe by immunohistochemistry the CD4^＋I L-16^＋ cells, CD8^＋IL-16^＋ cells, CD19^＋IL-16^＋ cells, and CD14^＋IL-16^＋ cells. Conclusions IL-16 in PE is mainly secreted by T lymphocytes, including CD3^＋CD8^- cells and CD^3＋CD^8＋ cells. CD19^＋ cells and CD14^＋ cells can also secrete IL-16, but the percentage of PMC that can secrete IL-16 is very low.展开更多
文摘In this paper,an analytic method is developed to address steady SH-wave scattering and perform dynamic analysis of multiple circular cavities in half space.The scattered wave function used for scattering of SH-waves by multiple circular cavities,which automatically satisfies the stress-free condition at the horizontal surface,is constructed by applying the symmetry of the SH-wave scattering and the method of multi-polar coordinates system.Applying this scattered wave function and method of moving coordinates,the original problem can be transformed to the problem of SH-wave scattering by multiple circular cavities in the full space.Finally,the solution of the problem can be reduced to a series of algebraic equations and solved numerically by truncating the infinite algebraic equations to the finite ones.Numerical examples are provided for case with two cavities to show the effect of wave number,and the distances between the centers of the cavities and from the centers to the ground surface on the dynamic stress concentration around the cavity impacted by incident steady SH-wave.
文摘To assess the effect of the injection duration of subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin(LMWH)on pain and bruising in patients.Randomized controlled trials and quasiexperimental studies were searched for in four electronic databases.The pooled effect size was expressed as relative risk(RR)andmeandifference(MD)with95%confidence intervals(CI)for dichotomous and continuous data.Cochrane Q and p value were used to assess heterogeneity and the I2 statistic was adopted to quantify the level.Finally,eight studies involving a total of 532 participants met our inclusion criteria.The slow(30 second)injection was associated with a reduction in pain intensity and duration,and lower bruising occurrence at 48-72 hours and 48 hours post injection.The bruising area was also smaller at 48 hours and 60 hours post injection.Nodifferenceswere identified betweenthe slowand fast(10 second)injectionin bruising area and bruising occurrence at 24 hours and 60 hours post injection.With present evidences,slow injection of LMWH is beneficial to the patient's well being,but further studies to identify the feasibility and standardization of the technique is recommended.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) transvaginal oocyte retrieval using ultrasonography and explore its mechanism. METHODS: Ninety patients undergoing IVF-EF oocyte retrieval were randomly divided into three groups: an acupuncture group with needles inserted into bilateral Hegu (LI 4) points, a placebo group given placebo needles, and a control group with routine oocyte retrieval. Each group had an indometacin enema 30 min before the operation. We compared the pain-rated index (PRI), visual analogy scale (VAS), and present pain intensity (PPI) immediately after operation and 1 h after operation. We also determined the neuropeptide Y (NPY) level of the follicular fluid. RESULTS: PRI, VAS, and PPI after operation and 1 hafter operation in the acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P< 0.01). No obvious difference (P>0.05) was observed in PRI,VAS, and PPI after operation and 1 h after operation between the placebo group and the control group.The NPY level of the follicular fluid in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). No obvious difference (P>0.05) was observed in the NPY level of the follicular fluid between the placebo group and the control group. CONCLUSION: The analgesic effect of acupuncture at Hegu in transvaginal oocyte retrieval using ultrasonography may be related to the increase in the NPY level of the follicular fluid.
文摘Background and Aim: Nurses experience the highest incidence of work-related back injuries, a serious and costly problem that affects their profession. The main aim of this review was to highlight the quality of life of nurses who suffer from low back pain. Methods: A review of previous literature review about the impact of LBP on the nurses has been reviewed. The database which was be used for this review included the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL®), Ovid MEDLINE, PuMed, Ovid OLDMEDLINE, Embase Classic + EMBASE (Ovid), The Web of Science (Thomson Reuters). Conclusion: Several studies revealed a significant decrease in the quality of life among nurses who have work-related LBP among nurses. This effect would have its significant magnitude on the nurses’ work and on the quality of healthcare as well. Recommendations: This review promoted the need to adopt an effective educational program with clinical training into basic nursing education and health care practices to maximize the quality of life among nurses in order to reduce the incidence of work-related LBP among nurses.
文摘Firstly, this paper theoretically proves that with the development of open economy the effect of monetary policy will become poor. Secondly, the paper empirically analyzes the impact of open economy on our monetary policy. We conclude that there no longer exists long stable relationship between money supply and economic growth. Finally, in four aspects the paper concretely points out that with the open of economy great changes will take place in the implementation of our monetary policy.
文摘The paper states something about the characteristic of agricultural material, product and agricultural material market, and searches for the new agricultural material logistics model. In .addition, some proper strategies are provided for logistic companies.
文摘Over the years much has been written about the industry life cycle and corporate life cycle, yet there has been remarkably little attention given to the relation between them and M＆A, or why this relationship exists. Based on reviewing the industry life cycle and the corporate life cycle, we find the relationship between M＆A and these life cycles, and then propose the life cycle of M＆A. At last, we use the M＆A life cycle to explain the characters of the merger waves over last 100 years.
文摘Because of the massive expansion in enrollment, the number of graduates from law schools across the country is unprecedented, but the rate of unemployment is also unprecedented in comparison with the graduation. In stark contrast, many employees are finding it difficult to find graduates of talent fitting directly to working requirements. The traditional mode of education is to cultivate students with legal research abilities, but the main social need calls for graduates who are prepared to practice, which has caused the low employment. As a result, the graduates＇ failure to meet the social demand caused serious imbalance between supply and demand. The characteristic of legal practice skills is to solve practical problems through the practice of adapting legal knowledge, but practical skill training in law school education now is basically nonexistent. The training of legal practice skills must be conducted through aspects of course design, and therefore teaching methods necessitate comprehensive reformation. The practice skills of the legal profession, such as basic literacy, basic skills, and work skills, are indispensable to the education of students. Educating them to attain these skills will aid them directly in practical work after graduation, improve their work quality and employment rate, and consequently improve the whole overall quality of the legal profession.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘It is one of those important aims in the new 5-year plan of the human genome researchproject to construct the STS with the resolution at 100kb. Thus it requires about 30000new STS to cover the whole genome. In 1989, Olson first proposed the concept of STSand STS mapping. Since then STS map has been considered to be one kind of
文摘Background Interleukin 16 （IL-16） can be detected by ELISA in pleural effusion （PE） and its concentration is higher than in serum. This study investigated the cellular sources of IL-16 in PE. Methods The samples of PE were collected from 34 patients who were newly diagnosed having PE in the pleural cavity We performed cell culture to purify the pleural mesothelial cells （PMC）, Wright staining to count the purity and immunocytochemical stain to identify the cultured cells. The intracellular IL-16 expression was detected by flow cytometry （FCM）. The different cells in PE were first separated by magnetic cell sorting （MCAS） then the separated cells were cultured in RPMI1640 with 10% fetal calf serum （FCS）. We extracted the supernatant and detected IL-16 concentration by ELISA. The IL-16 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence staining. Results The percentages of cells which secreted IL-16 were： CD3^＋CD8^- cells （（74.27±15.56）%, n=34）; CD3^＋CD8^＋ cells （（69.86±18.55）%, n=34）; CD19^＋ cells （（45.30±18.77）%, n=15）; CD14^＋ cells （（16.91＋16.69）%, n=15）; and PMC （（2.05±1.85）%, n=7）. The concentrations of IL-16 in the supernatant from cultured cells were： CD4^＋ cells （（102.50±42.51） ng/L, n=5）; CD8^＋ cells （（92.58±18.34） ng/L, n=5）; CD19^＋ cells （（79.85±5.62） ng/L, n=5）; CD14^＋ cells （（58.51±25.38） ng/L, n=5）; and PMC （（18.14±8.37） ng/L, n=5）. In lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and PMC, we could observe the cells that expressed IL-16 protein. In paraffin-embedded sections, we also could observe by immunohistochemistry the CD4^＋I L-16^＋ cells, CD8^＋IL-16^＋ cells, CD19^＋IL-16^＋ cells, and CD14^＋IL-16^＋ cells. Conclusions IL-16 in PE is mainly secreted by T lymphocytes, including CD3^＋CD8^- cells and CD^3＋CD^8＋ cells. CD19^＋ cells and CD14^＋ cells can also secrete IL-16, but the percentage of PMC that can secrete IL-16 is very low.
