Waste is the main problem for the environment.Handling waste for various useful applications has a benefit for the future.This work has been studied for handling pineapple peel waste to make composite film bacterial c...Waste is the main problem for the environment.Handling waste for various useful applications has a benefit for the future.This work has been studied for handling pineapple peel waste to make composite film bacterial cellulose nanocomposite membrane(BCNM)with addition graphite nanoplatelet(GNP).The concentration of GNP in the membrane influence the membrane properties.The bacterial cellulose(BC)pellicle was synthesized by using media from pineapple peel waste extract.BC pellicle is cleaned with water and NaOH solution to be free from impactors.BCNM is synthesized through the mechanical disintegration stage.The results of disintegration using high pressure homogenizer at 150 bar and five cycles.BCNM/GNP is synthesized with varying addition of GNP of 2.5,5.0,10 and 100 wt%of dry bacterial nanocellulose(BNC).The BC and GNP solution were dried in an oven for 14 h at 80℃.BCNM morphology was observed using SEM.GNP is dispersed and distributed in the BC matrix as reinforcement.FTIR analysis shows many peaks of BNC less pronounced with increasing of GNP.The higher concentration of GNP,the rougher of BCNM.The optimum tensile strength of BCNM was achieved after addition GNP of 2.5 wt%.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main contributor to greenhouse gases that affect global warming.The industrial sector is the third largest producer of CO_(2) and the cement industry is one of the industries that consiste...Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main contributor to greenhouse gases that affect global warming.The industrial sector is the third largest producer of CO_(2) and the cement industry is one of the industries that consistently produces the most significant CO_(2) emissions.The cement industry produces 5-8% of global CO_(2) emissions.Several methods for reducing specific CO_(2) emissions have been reported in the cement industry,including calcium looping,which uses the reversible reaction between calcination[calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))decomposition]and carbonation[CO_(2) capture by calcium oxide(CaO)].This work investigates calcium looping employing limestone obtained directly from several cement factories in Indonesia to observe the carbon-absorption characteristics of limestone from different mining locations.The experiment was carried out using a tube furnace equipped with a controlled atmospheric condition that functions as a calciner and a carbonator.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spec-troscopy characterization were conducted to analyse the changes in the experimental samples.The results demonstrated that the reactor configuration was capable of performing the calcination process,which converted CaCO_(3) to calcium hydroxide[Ca(OH)_(2)],as well as the carbonation process,which captured carbon and converted it back to CaCO_(3).Parametric analysis was performed on both reactions,including pressure,temperature,duration,particle size and reaction atmosphere.The results show that the limestone obtained from all sites can be used as the sorbents for the calcium-looping process with an average reactivity of 59.01%.Limestone from cement plants in various parts of Indonesia has the potential to be used as carbon sorbents in calcium-looping technology.With a similar CO_(2) concentration as the flue gas of 16.67%,the experimental results show that Bayah limestone has the maximum reactivity,as shown by the highest carbon-content addition of 12.15 wt% and has the highest CO_(2)-capture capability up to>75% per mole of Ca(OH)_(2) as a sorbent.Similar levels of the ability to capture CO_(2) per mole of Ca(OH)_(2) can be found in other limestones,ranging from 14.85% to 34.07%.The results show a promising performance of raw limestones from different mining sites,allowing further study and observation of the possibility of CO_(2) emission reduction in the sustainable cement-production process.展开更多
基金the Universitas Negeri Malang through the PNBP Research Grant 2021 with PUI/CAMRY scheme by Contract No.5.3.837/UN32.14.1/LT2021.
文摘Waste is the main problem for the environment.Handling waste for various useful applications has a benefit for the future.This work has been studied for handling pineapple peel waste to make composite film bacterial cellulose nanocomposite membrane(BCNM)with addition graphite nanoplatelet(GNP).The concentration of GNP in the membrane influence the membrane properties.The bacterial cellulose(BC)pellicle was synthesized by using media from pineapple peel waste extract.BC pellicle is cleaned with water and NaOH solution to be free from impactors.BCNM is synthesized through the mechanical disintegration stage.The results of disintegration using high pressure homogenizer at 150 bar and five cycles.BCNM/GNP is synthesized with varying addition of GNP of 2.5,5.0,10 and 100 wt%of dry bacterial nanocellulose(BNC).The BC and GNP solution were dried in an oven for 14 h at 80℃.BCNM morphology was observed using SEM.GNP is dispersed and distributed in the BC matrix as reinforcement.FTIR analysis shows many peaks of BNC less pronounced with increasing of GNP.The higher concentration of GNP,the rougher of BCNM.The optimum tensile strength of BCNM was achieved after addition GNP of 2.5 wt%.
基金supported by Research and Community Service Program(P2MI)ITB.
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main contributor to greenhouse gases that affect global warming.The industrial sector is the third largest producer of CO_(2) and the cement industry is one of the industries that consistently produces the most significant CO_(2) emissions.The cement industry produces 5-8% of global CO_(2) emissions.Several methods for reducing specific CO_(2) emissions have been reported in the cement industry,including calcium looping,which uses the reversible reaction between calcination[calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))decomposition]and carbonation[CO_(2) capture by calcium oxide(CaO)].This work investigates calcium looping employing limestone obtained directly from several cement factories in Indonesia to observe the carbon-absorption characteristics of limestone from different mining locations.The experiment was carried out using a tube furnace equipped with a controlled atmospheric condition that functions as a calciner and a carbonator.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spec-troscopy characterization were conducted to analyse the changes in the experimental samples.The results demonstrated that the reactor configuration was capable of performing the calcination process,which converted CaCO_(3) to calcium hydroxide[Ca(OH)_(2)],as well as the carbonation process,which captured carbon and converted it back to CaCO_(3).Parametric analysis was performed on both reactions,including pressure,temperature,duration,particle size and reaction atmosphere.The results show that the limestone obtained from all sites can be used as the sorbents for the calcium-looping process with an average reactivity of 59.01%.Limestone from cement plants in various parts of Indonesia has the potential to be used as carbon sorbents in calcium-looping technology.With a similar CO_(2) concentration as the flue gas of 16.67%,the experimental results show that Bayah limestone has the maximum reactivity,as shown by the highest carbon-content addition of 12.15 wt% and has the highest CO_(2)-capture capability up to>75% per mole of Ca(OH)_(2) as a sorbent.Similar levels of the ability to capture CO_(2) per mole of Ca(OH)_(2) can be found in other limestones,ranging from 14.85% to 34.07%.The results show a promising performance of raw limestones from different mining sites,allowing further study and observation of the possibility of CO_(2) emission reduction in the sustainable cement-production process.
