The Southwest Maluku region in eastern Indonesia is considered a frontier,outermost and underdeveloped region.Its inhabitants live on isolated islands,including the residents of Mahaleta Village,where only 9.4%of the ...The Southwest Maluku region in eastern Indonesia is considered a frontier,outermost and underdeveloped region.Its inhabitants live on isolated islands,including the residents of Mahaleta Village,where only 9.4%of the community have limited access to electricity.This study aimed to design an economically feasible hybrid renewable energy(RE)system based on solar and wind energy to integrate with the productive activities of the village.The study developed conceptual schemes to meet the demand for electricity from the resi-dential,community,commercial and productive sectors of the village.The analysis was performed using a techno-economic approach.The hybrid system was designed using the HOMER Pro optimization function,and cold-storage and dryer systems were designed to support related productive activities.The optimized design of the hybrid RE system comprised 271.62 kW of solar photovoltaics,80 kW of wind turbines and a 1-MWh lead-acid battery.We found that the hybrid RE system would only be economically feasible with a full-grant incentive and an electricity tariff of$0.0808/kWh.However,the productive activity schemes were all economically feasible,with a cold-storage cost of$0.035/kg and a drying cost of$0.082/kg.Integrating the hybrid RE system with productive activities can improve the economic feasibility of the energy system and create more jobs as well as increase income for the local community.展开更多
Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage(BECCS)has the potential to produce negative emissions.This study assessed the overall energy efficiency and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))avoidance costs and emission footprint follow...Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage(BECCS)has the potential to produce negative emissions.This study assessed the overall energy efficiency and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))avoidance costs and emission footprint following the integration of BECCS with a polygeneration system(BECCS-PS)for the co-production of green electricity and methanol.The process was simulated in Aspen Plus and Aspen HYSYS v.11.Oil palm empty fruit bunches were used as the feed in a biomass integrated gasification combined cycle power plant.The flue gas,which contained CO_(2),was captured for methanol synthesis and carbon storage.Green hydrogen for use in methanol synthesis was produced through proton exchange membrane(PEM)electrolysis powered by solar PV(PV-PEM)and geothermal power with double-flash technology(GEO-PEM).The environmental impacts of the process were investigated by a life cycle assessment and the economic aspects were evaluated using the levelized cost method.The overall system efficiency was higher in the PV-PEM scenario than in the GEO-PEM scenario.For any production capacities,the green electricity generated from the BECCS-PS plant resulted in negative emissions.A biomass power plant with a low production capacity generated higher production and CO_(2)avoidance costs than that with a larger production capacity.The CO_(2−eq)emissions and costs for methanol production in the PV-PEM scenario were larger than those in the GEO-PEM scenario,with values of-0.83 to-0.70 kg CO_(2−eq)/kg MeOH and 1,191-1,237 USD/ton,respectively.The corresponding values were−1.65 to-1.52 kg CO_(2−eq)/kg MeOH and 918-961 USD/ton,respectively,for the GEO-PEM scenario.展开更多
This study proposes a conceptual design of green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane electrolysis powered by a floating solar photovoltaic system.The system contributes to industrial decarbonization in wh...This study proposes a conceptual design of green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane electrolysis powered by a floating solar photovoltaic system.The system contributes to industrial decarbonization in which hydrogen blending with natural gas is proposed as an approach to smooth the energy transition.The proposed design addresses the challenge of supplying a continuous flow-rate of green hydrogen,which is typically demanded by industrial end users.This study particularly considers a realistic area required for the installation of a floating solar photovoltaic system.To enable the green hydrogen production of 7.5 million standard cubic feet per day,the required structure includes the floating solar photovoltaic system and Li-ion batteries with the nominal capacities of 518.4 megawatts and 780.8 megawatt-hours.This is equivalent to the requirement for 1524765 photovoltaic modules and 3718 Li-ion batteries.The assessment confirms the technical viability of the proposed concept of green hydrogen production,transportation and blending.While the present commercialization is hindered by economics due to a high green hydrogen production cost of USD 26.95 per kg,this green hydrogen pathway is expected to be competitive with grey hydrogen produced via coal gasification and via natural gas steam reforming by 2043 and 2047,respectively.展开更多
基金The authors are grateful to the Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia for supporting this work financially under the Seed Grant Professor FTUI,Contract Number:NKB-1966/UN2.F4.D/PPM.00.00/2022.
文摘The Southwest Maluku region in eastern Indonesia is considered a frontier,outermost and underdeveloped region.Its inhabitants live on isolated islands,including the residents of Mahaleta Village,where only 9.4%of the community have limited access to electricity.This study aimed to design an economically feasible hybrid renewable energy(RE)system based on solar and wind energy to integrate with the productive activities of the village.The study developed conceptual schemes to meet the demand for electricity from the resi-dential,community,commercial and productive sectors of the village.The analysis was performed using a techno-economic approach.The hybrid system was designed using the HOMER Pro optimization function,and cold-storage and dryer systems were designed to support related productive activities.The optimized design of the hybrid RE system comprised 271.62 kW of solar photovoltaics,80 kW of wind turbines and a 1-MWh lead-acid battery.We found that the hybrid RE system would only be economically feasible with a full-grant incentive and an electricity tariff of$0.0808/kWh.However,the productive activity schemes were all economically feasible,with a cold-storage cost of$0.035/kg and a drying cost of$0.082/kg.Integrating the hybrid RE system with productive activities can improve the economic feasibility of the energy system and create more jobs as well as increase income for the local community.
文摘Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage(BECCS)has the potential to produce negative emissions.This study assessed the overall energy efficiency and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))avoidance costs and emission footprint following the integration of BECCS with a polygeneration system(BECCS-PS)for the co-production of green electricity and methanol.The process was simulated in Aspen Plus and Aspen HYSYS v.11.Oil palm empty fruit bunches were used as the feed in a biomass integrated gasification combined cycle power plant.The flue gas,which contained CO_(2),was captured for methanol synthesis and carbon storage.Green hydrogen for use in methanol synthesis was produced through proton exchange membrane(PEM)electrolysis powered by solar PV(PV-PEM)and geothermal power with double-flash technology(GEO-PEM).The environmental impacts of the process were investigated by a life cycle assessment and the economic aspects were evaluated using the levelized cost method.The overall system efficiency was higher in the PV-PEM scenario than in the GEO-PEM scenario.For any production capacities,the green electricity generated from the BECCS-PS plant resulted in negative emissions.A biomass power plant with a low production capacity generated higher production and CO_(2)avoidance costs than that with a larger production capacity.The CO_(2−eq)emissions and costs for methanol production in the PV-PEM scenario were larger than those in the GEO-PEM scenario,with values of-0.83 to-0.70 kg CO_(2−eq)/kg MeOH and 1,191-1,237 USD/ton,respectively.The corresponding values were−1.65 to-1.52 kg CO_(2−eq)/kg MeOH and 918-961 USD/ton,respectively,for the GEO-PEM scenario.
基金funded by the Osaka Gas Foundation of International Cultural Exchange Year 2022/2023(PKS-1813/UN2.F4.D/PPM.00.00/2022).
文摘This study proposes a conceptual design of green hydrogen production via proton exchange membrane electrolysis powered by a floating solar photovoltaic system.The system contributes to industrial decarbonization in which hydrogen blending with natural gas is proposed as an approach to smooth the energy transition.The proposed design addresses the challenge of supplying a continuous flow-rate of green hydrogen,which is typically demanded by industrial end users.This study particularly considers a realistic area required for the installation of a floating solar photovoltaic system.To enable the green hydrogen production of 7.5 million standard cubic feet per day,the required structure includes the floating solar photovoltaic system and Li-ion batteries with the nominal capacities of 518.4 megawatts and 780.8 megawatt-hours.This is equivalent to the requirement for 1524765 photovoltaic modules and 3718 Li-ion batteries.The assessment confirms the technical viability of the proposed concept of green hydrogen production,transportation and blending.While the present commercialization is hindered by economics due to a high green hydrogen production cost of USD 26.95 per kg,this green hydrogen pathway is expected to be competitive with grey hydrogen produced via coal gasification and via natural gas steam reforming by 2043 and 2047,respectively.
