To achieve high performance and reliability in video streaming over wireless local area networks （WLANs）, one must jointly consider both optimized association to access points （APs） and handover management based o...To achieve high performance and reliability in video streaming over wireless local area networks （WLANs）, one must jointly consider both optimized association to access points （APs） and handover management based on dynamic scanning of alternate APs. In this article, we propose a new architecture within the software-defined networking （SDN） framework, which allows stations to be connected to several APs simultaneously and to switch fast between them. We evaluate our system in a real-time testbed and demonstrate that our SDN-based handover mechanism significantly reduces the number and duration of video freeze events and allows for smaller playout buffers.展开更多
Just as the regional economy and city economy, the industrial economy is the economic aggregation lying in between the macroeconomy and microeconomy. Mesoeconomic management is the extension of the macroeconomic manag...Just as the regional economy and city economy, the industrial economy is the economic aggregation lying in between the macroeconomy and microeconomy. Mesoeconomic management is the extension of the macroeconomic management and has its own operation rules. The relationship between the macroeconomic and the mesoeconomic management is just like between the general department and the specialized department of the government while reflecting on the subject of the management. Establishment of the mesoeconomic management system is a model of the reform in the specialized economic departments of Chinese government.展开更多
We present a gain adaptive tuning method for fiber Raman amplifier(FRA) using two-stage neural networks(NNs) and double weights updates. After training the connection weights of two-stage NNs separately in training ph...We present a gain adaptive tuning method for fiber Raman amplifier(FRA) using two-stage neural networks(NNs) and double weights updates. After training the connection weights of two-stage NNs separately in training phase, the connection weights of the unified NN are updated again in verification phase according to error between the predicted and target gains to eliminate the inherent error of the NNs. The simulation results show that the mean of root mean square error(RMSE) and maximum error of gains are 0.131 d B and 0.281 d B, respectively. It shows that the method can realize adaptive adjustment function of FRA gain with high accuracy.展开更多
Rainfall-induced landslides are often highly destructive.Reviewing and analyzing the causes,processes,impacts,and deficiencies in emergency response is critical for improving disaster prevention and management.From th...Rainfall-induced landslides are often highly destructive.Reviewing and analyzing the causes,processes,impacts,and deficiencies in emergency response is critical for improving disaster prevention and management.From the night of July 21 to the morning of July 22,2024,the Kencho Shacha Gozdi Village in Gezei Gofa,Southern Nations,Nationalities,and Peoples'Region,Ethiopia,suffered heavy rainfall that triggered two landslides.By July25,this event had claimed at least 257 lives.This study presents a detailed characterization of the landslides using multi-source data.By analyzing the landslide disaster process,this study summarizes key lessons and provides suggestions for preventing rainfall-induced geological hazards.The results indicate that rainfall has the greatest impact on the occurrence of landslides,while lithology and human activities have promoted and strengthened the landslide disaster.Despite the active disaster response in the local area,many problems were still exposed in the emergency response work.This analysis offers valuable insights for mitigating rainfall-induced geological hazards and enhancing emergency response capabilities.展开更多
Positive emotional experiences can improve learning efficiency and cognitive ability,stimulate students’interest in learning,and improve teacher-student relationships.However,positive emotions in the classroom are pr...Positive emotional experiences can improve learning efficiency and cognitive ability,stimulate students’interest in learning,and improve teacher-student relationships.However,positive emotions in the classroom are primarily identified through teachers’observations and postclass questionnaires or interviews.The expression intensity of students,which is extremely important for fine-grained emotion analysis,is not considered.Hence,a novel method based on smile intensity estimation using sequence-relative key-frame labeling is presented.This method aims to recognize the positive emotion levels of a student in an end-to-end framework.First,the intensity label is generated robustly for each frame in the expression sequence based on the relative key frames to address the lack of annotations for smile intensity.Then,a deep-asymmetric convolutional neural network learns the expression model through dual neural networks,to enhance the stability of the network model and avoid the extreme attention region learned.Further,dual neural networks and the dual attention mechanism are integrated using the intensity label based on the relative key frames as the supervised information.Thus,diverse features are effectively extracted and subtle appearance differences between different smiles are perceived based on different perspectives.Finally,comparative experiments for the convergence speed,model-training parameters,confusion matrix,and classification probability are performed.The proposed method was applied to a real classroom scene to analyze the emotions of students.Numerous experiments validated that the proposed method is promising for analyzing the differences in the positive emotion of students while learning in a classroom.展开更多
We proposes an AI-assisted framework for integrated natural disaster prevention and emergency response,leveraging the DeepSeek large language model(LLM)to advance intelligent decision-making in geohazard management.We...We proposes an AI-assisted framework for integrated natural disaster prevention and emergency response,leveraging the DeepSeek large language model(LLM)to advance intelligent decision-making in geohazard management.We systematically analyze the technical pathways for deploying LLMs in disaster scenarios,emphasizing three breakthrough directions:(1)knowledge graph-driven dynamic risk modeling,(2)reinforcement learning-optimized emergency decision systems,and(3)secure local deployment architectures.The DeepSeek model demonstrates unique advantages through its hybrid reasoning mechanism combining semantic analysis with geospatial pattern recognition,enabling cost-effective processing of multi-source data spanning historical disaster records,real-time IoT sensor feeds,and socio-environmental parameters.A modular system architecture is designed to achieve three critical objectives:(a)automated construction of domain-specific knowledge graphs through unsupervised learning of disaster physics relationships,(b)scenario-adaptive resource allocation using risk simulations,and(c)preserving emergency coordination via federated learning across distributed response nodes.The proposed local deployment paradigm addresses critical data security concerns in cross-border disaster management while complying with the FAIR principles(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,Reusable)for geoscientific data governance.This work establishes a methodological foundation for next-generation AI-earth science convergence in disaster mitigation.展开更多
CO_(2)enhanced oil recovery plays an important role in carbon storage and utilization.However,the incomplete understanding of the underlying microscopic convection–diffusion mechanisms in complex pore structures has ...CO_(2)enhanced oil recovery plays an important role in carbon storage and utilization.However,the incomplete understanding of the underlying microscopic convection–diffusion mechanisms in complex pore structures has constrained the broader industrial application of CO_(2)geo-sequestration.This work develops a pore-scale numerical model considering molecular convection–diffusion to investigate CO_(2)-oil miscible displacement in two-and three-dimensional porous structures of conglomerate rocks.The effects of CO_(2)injection rates and pore structure properties on convection–diffusion are analyzed.By reconstructing the distribution of unexploited pores,the CO_(2)sweep efficiency is quantitatively evaluated.Furthermore,a sequestration factor is proposed to evaluate the CO_(2)storage capacity during miscible displacement.Convection significantly enhances the CO_(2)mass fraction in fractures with high flow rates.Subsequently,CO_(2)gradually diffuses into matrix pores without velocity distribution.Both convection and diffusion contribute to improving CO_(2)displacement efficiency.Diffusion facilitates the dissolution of CO_(2)into oil within small-diameter pores,and convection effectively mobilizes oil in large pore bodies.Developed and homogeneous pore structures enhance CO_(2)displacement efficiency,whereas CO_(2)flows along the main flow channels in heterogeneous pore structures,resulting in lower displacement efficiency.Diffusion plays a crucial role in CO_(2)storage within porous media.At low injection rates,dissolved CO_(2)is trapped in poorly connected and blind-end pores.The injection rate is negatively correlated with the sequestration factor.展开更多
An international consensus is emerging around the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) proposed by the Chinese government, with a growing number of countries seeing it as a way of jointly exploring new international economic...An international consensus is emerging around the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) proposed by the Chinese government, with a growing number of countries seeing it as a way of jointly exploring new international economic governance mechanisms. Meanwhile, with the crisis of neo-liberalism, economic globalization has arrived at a crossroad. In particular, incessant voices speak out against globalization, making the quest for a new way of promoting global development a major challenge. In this context, more and more political elites and scholars consider that the BRI opens up a possible new globalization path, amongst which inclusive globalization warrants exploration. On the basis of a brief analysis of the course and mechanism of global economic expansion and the limitations of neo-liberal globalization, along with the putting into practice of the BRI, this paper outlines some of the core features of inclusive globalization, i.e., inclusive growth with effective and efficient government regulation; inclusive infrastructure development; inclusive development paths chosen nationally that suit national conditions; inclusive participation; and cultural inclusiveness. Although these features are not sufficient to characterize fully inclusive globalization, they do identify some directions for future research, and provide elements of a discursive construction of the BRI.展开更多
Due to people’s increasing dependence on social networks,it is essential to develop a consensus model considering not only their own factors but also the interaction between people.Both external trust relationship am...Due to people’s increasing dependence on social networks,it is essential to develop a consensus model considering not only their own factors but also the interaction between people.Both external trust relationship among experts and the internal reliability of experts are important factors in decision-making.This paper focuses on improving the scientificity and effectiveness of decision-making and presents a consensus model combining trust relationship among experts and expert reliability in social network group decision-making(SN-GDM).A concept named matching degree is proposed to measure expert reliability.Meanwhile,linguistic information is applied to manage the imprecise and vague information.Matching degree is expressed by a 2-tuple linguistic model,and experts’preferences are measured by a probabilistic linguistic term set(PLTS).Subsequently,a hybrid weight is explored to weigh experts’importance in a group.Then a consensus measure is introduced and a feedback mechanism is developed to produce some personalized recommendations with higher group consensus.Finally,a comparative example is provided to prove the scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed consensus model.展开更多
Landslide hazard mapping is essential for regional landslide hazard management.The main objective of this study is to construct a rainfall-induced landslide hazard map of Luhe County,China based on an automated machin...Landslide hazard mapping is essential for regional landslide hazard management.The main objective of this study is to construct a rainfall-induced landslide hazard map of Luhe County,China based on an automated machine learning framework(AutoGluon).A total of 2241 landslides were identified from satellite images before and after the rainfall event,and 10 impact factors including elevation,slope,aspect,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),topographic wetness index(TWI),lithology,land cover,distance to roads,distance to rivers,and rainfall were selected as indicators.The WeightedEnsemble model,which is an ensemble of 13 basic machine learning models weighted together,was used to output the landslide hazard assessment results.The results indicate that landslides mainly occurred in the central part of the study area,especially in Hetian and Shanghu.Totally 102.44 s were spent to train all the models,and the ensemble model WeightedEnsemble has an Area Under the Curve(AUC)value of92.36%in the test set.In addition,14.95%of the study area was determined to be at very high hazard,with a landslide density of 12.02 per square kilometer.This study serves as a significant reference for the prevention and mitigation of geological hazards and land use planning in Luhe County.展开更多
This study constructs a preliminary inventory of landslides triggered by the M_(S) 6.8 Luding earthquake based on field investigation and human-computer interaction visual interpretation on optical satellite images.Th...This study constructs a preliminary inventory of landslides triggered by the M_(S) 6.8 Luding earthquake based on field investigation and human-computer interaction visual interpretation on optical satellite images.The results show that this earthquake triggered at least 5007 landslides,with a total landslide area of 17.36 km^(2),of which the smallest landslide area is 65 m^(2)and the largest landslide area reaches 120747 m^(2),with an average landslide area of about 3500 m^(2).The obtained landslides are concentrated in the IX intensity zone and the northeast side of the seismogenic fault,and the area density and point density of landslides are 13.8%,and 35.73 km^(-2) peaks with 2 km as the search radius.It should be noted that the number of landslides obtained in this paper will be lower than the actual situation because some areas are covered by clouds and there are no available post-earthquake remote sensing images.Based on the available post-earthquake remote sensing images,the number of landslides triggered by this earthquake is roughly estimated to be up to 10000.This study can be used to support further research on the distribution pattern and risk evaluation of the coseismic landslides in the region,and the prevention and control of landslide hazards in the seismic area.展开更多
Predicting rock cracking is important for assessing the stability of underground engineering.The effects of the intersecting angle a and the distribution orientation angleβof intersecting fissures on the uniaxial com...Predicting rock cracking is important for assessing the stability of underground engineering.The effects of the intersecting angle a and the distribution orientation angleβof intersecting fissures on the uniaxial compressive strength and the failure characteristics of sandstone containing intersecting fissures are investigated through laboratory experiments and two-dimensional particle flow code(PFC2D).The relationship between the mechanical properties of sandstone and the intersecting angle a and the distribution orientation angleβis analysed.Crack initiation forms and the final failure modes are then categorised and determined via empirical methods.In addition,the cracking processes of intersecting fissures with different a andβvalues are discussed.The results show that variations in the peak stress,peak strain,average modulus,and crack initiation stress of sandstone containing intersecting fissures show a“moth”shape in the space of the a-β-mechanical parameters.Two crack initiation forms are identified:inner tip cracking(usually accompanied by one outer tip cracking)and only outer tips cracking.Two failure modes are observed:(1)the main fracture planes are created at the inner tip and one outer tip,and(2)the main fracture planes are formed at the two outer tips.Two main crack evolution processes of sandstone containing intersecting fissures under uniaxial compression are found.Approaches for quickly determining the crack initiation form and the failure mode are proposed.The combination of the determination equations for the crack initiation form and the failure mode can be used to predict the crack evolution.The approach for determining the crack evolution processes is hence proposed with acceptable precision.展开更多
International oil and gas projects feature high capital-intensity, high risks and contract diversity. Therefore, in order to help decision makers make more reasonable decisions under uncertainty, it is necessary to me...International oil and gas projects feature high capital-intensity, high risks and contract diversity. Therefore, in order to help decision makers make more reasonable decisions under uncertainty, it is necessary to measure the risks of international oil and gas projects. For this purpose, this paper constructs a probabilistic model that is based on the traditional economic evaluation model, and introduces value at risk(VaR) which is a valuable risk measure tool in finance, and applies Va R to measure the risks of royalty contracts, production share contracts and service contracts of an international oil and gas project. Besides, this paper compares the influences of different risk factors on the net present value(NPV) of the project by using the simulation results. The results indicate:(1) risks have great impacts on the project's NPV, therefore, if risks are overlooked, the decision may be wrong.(2) A simulation method is applied to simulate the stochastic distribution of risk factors in the probabilistic model. Therefore, the probability is related to the project's NPV, overcoming the inherent limitation of the traditional economic evaluation method.(3) VaR is a straightforward risk measure tool, and can be applied to evaluate the risks of international oil and gas projects. It is helpful for decision making.展开更多
Pythagorean fuzzy set(PFS) can provide more flexibility than intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) for handling uncertain information, and PFS has been increasingly used in multi-attribute decision making problems. This paper...Pythagorean fuzzy set(PFS) can provide more flexibility than intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) for handling uncertain information, and PFS has been increasingly used in multi-attribute decision making problems. This paper proposes a new multiattribute group decision making method based on Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable Hamy mean(PULVHM) operator and VIKOR method. Firstly, we define operation rules and a new aggregation operator of Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable(PULV) and explore some properties of the operator.Secondly, taking the decision makers' hesitation degree into account, a new score function is defined, and we further develop a new group decision making approach integrated with VIKOR method. Finally, an investment example is demonstrated to elaborate the validity of the proposed method. Sensibility analysis and comprehensive comparisons with another two methods are performed to show the stability and advantage of our method.展开更多
This article primarily discusses the issue of realizing sustainable development in Shandong Province,China through transformation.It compares the global energy structure to China's,as well as among regions and pro...This article primarily discusses the issue of realizing sustainable development in Shandong Province,China through transformation.It compares the global energy structure to China's,as well as among regions and provinces within China.The article takes six cities in Shandong Province as typical objectives,and then using principal component analysis it calculates their flexibility in regard to city shift and restructuring.The main purpose was to quantify the impact of economic activities triggered by the coal industry,a.k.a the energy economic nexus,and to assess the flexibility and sustainability in transformation among the observed coal-based cities.展开更多
Suitable rescue path selection is very important to rescue lives and reduce the loss of disasters, and has been a key issue in the field of disaster response management. In this paper, we present a path selection algo...Suitable rescue path selection is very important to rescue lives and reduce the loss of disasters, and has been a key issue in the field of disaster response management. In this paper, we present a path selection algorithm based on Q-learning for disaster response applications. We assume that a rescue team is an agent, which is operating in a dynamic and dangerous environment and needs to find a safe and short path in the least time. We first propose a path selection model for disaster response management, and deduce that path selection based on our model is a Markov decision process. Then, we introduce Q-learning and design strategies for action selection and to avoid cyclic path. Finally, experimental results show that our algorithm can find a safe and short path in the dynamic and dangerous environment, which can provide a specific and significant reference for practical management in disaster response applications.展开更多
An integrated evaluation system under randomness and fuzziness was developed in this work to systematically assess the risk of groundwater contamination in a little town, Central China. In this system, randomness of t...An integrated evaluation system under randomness and fuzziness was developed in this work to systematically assess the risk of groundwater contamination in a little town, Central China. In this system, randomness of the parameters and the fuzziness of the risk were considered simultaneously, and the exceeding standard probability of contamination and human health risk due to the contamination were integrated. The contamination risk was defined as a combination of "vulnerability" and "hazard". To calculate the value of "vulnerability", pollutant concentration was simulated by MODFLOW with random input variables and a new modified health risk assessment(MRA) model was established to analyze the level of "hazard". The limit concentration based on environmental-guideline and health risk due to manganese were systematically examined to obtain the general risk levels through a fuzzy rule base. The "vulnerability" and "hazard" were divided into five categories of "high", "medium-high", "medium", "low-medium" and "low", respectively. Then, "vulnerability" and "hazard" were firstly combined by integrated evaluation. Compared with the other two scenarios under deterministic methods, the risk obtained in the proposed system is higher. This research illustrated that ignoring of uncertainties in evaluation process might underestimate the risk level.展开更多
This article contributes to a small but growing body of multi-sited and multi-scalar research on the Belt and Road Initiative.We focus on relations at the national,regional and international scales,and present origina...This article contributes to a small but growing body of multi-sited and multi-scalar research on the Belt and Road Initiative.We focus on relations at the national,regional and international scales,and present original research from China and Turkey,to show how the Istanbul-Ankara high-speed railway has served as a testing ground for China's Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).Its construction was initially funded by the European Investment Bank,but it is now part of the backbone of the Turkish Government's Middle Corridor plan which enhances west-east connectivity and integration with the Caucasus and Central Asia.We show that in contrast to multinational corporations from the OECD that seek to remain footloose,Chinese state-owned enterprises(SOEs)seek to adapt to,apprehend and ultimately shape local institutions.In the case of Turkey this proved difficult given its institutional alignment with the European Union.Thus,while the railway project was completed successfully by a consortium led by a Chinese SOE,Turkey's dynamic and complex regulatory environment discourages Chinese SOEs in the infrastructure sector.We conclude that the Turkish and Chinese governments are currently pursuing complementary territorial visions yet their cooperation is project-based and pragmatic.展开更多
The properties of exotic nuclei are the focus of the present research.Two-neutron halo structures of neutron-rich17,19B were experimentally confirmed.We studied the formation mechanism of halo phenomena in17,19B using...The properties of exotic nuclei are the focus of the present research.Two-neutron halo structures of neutron-rich17,19B were experimentally confirmed.We studied the formation mechanism of halo phenomena in17,19B using the complex momentum representation method applied to deformation and continuum coupling.By examining the evolution of the weakly bound and resonant levels near the Fermi surface,s–d orbital reversals and certain prolate deformations were observed.In addition,by analyzing the evolution of the occupation probabilities and density distributions occupied by valence neutrons,we found that the ground state of15B did not exhibit a halo and the ground states of17B and19B exhibited halos at 0.6≤β2≤0.7 and0.3≤β2≤0.7,respectively.The low-l components in the valence levels that are weakly bound or embedded in the continuous spectrum lead to halo formation.展开更多
文摘To achieve high performance and reliability in video streaming over wireless local area networks （WLANs）, one must jointly consider both optimized association to access points （APs） and handover management based on dynamic scanning of alternate APs. In this article, we propose a new architecture within the software-defined networking （SDN） framework, which allows stations to be connected to several APs simultaneously and to switch fast between them. We evaluate our system in a real-time testbed and demonstrate that our SDN-based handover mechanism significantly reduces the number and duration of video freeze events and allows for smaller playout buffers.
文摘Just as the regional economy and city economy, the industrial economy is the economic aggregation lying in between the macroeconomy and microeconomy. Mesoeconomic management is the extension of the macroeconomic management and has its own operation rules. The relationship between the macroeconomic and the mesoeconomic management is just like between the general department and the specialized department of the government while reflecting on the subject of the management. Establishment of the mesoeconomic management system is a model of the reform in the specialized economic departments of Chinese government.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province (No.KJ2021A0479)the Science Research Program of Anhui University of Finance and Economics (No.ACKYC22082)。
文摘We present a gain adaptive tuning method for fiber Raman amplifier(FRA) using two-stage neural networks(NNs) and double weights updates. After training the connection weights of two-stage NNs separately in training phase, the connection weights of the unified NN are updated again in verification phase according to error between the predicted and target gains to eliminate the inherent error of the NNs. The simulation results show that the mean of root mean square error(RMSE) and maximum error of gains are 0.131 d B and 0.281 d B, respectively. It shows that the method can realize adaptive adjustment function of FRA gain with high accuracy.
基金supported by the National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(2023-JBKY-57)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42077259)。
文摘Rainfall-induced landslides are often highly destructive.Reviewing and analyzing the causes,processes,impacts,and deficiencies in emergency response is critical for improving disaster prevention and management.From the night of July 21 to the morning of July 22,2024,the Kencho Shacha Gozdi Village in Gezei Gofa,Southern Nations,Nationalities,and Peoples'Region,Ethiopia,suffered heavy rainfall that triggered two landslides.By July25,this event had claimed at least 257 lives.This study presents a detailed characterization of the landslides using multi-source data.By analyzing the landslide disaster process,this study summarizes key lessons and provides suggestions for preventing rainfall-induced geological hazards.The results indicate that rainfall has the greatest impact on the occurrence of landslides,while lithology and human activities have promoted and strengthened the landslide disaster.Despite the active disaster response in the local area,many problems were still exposed in the emergency response work.This analysis offers valuable insights for mitigating rainfall-induced geological hazards and enhancing emergency response capabilities.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62067003,61967010,62262030)Key Project of Science and Technology Research of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(GJJ210309)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation Youth Foundation(2024BAB20047).
文摘Positive emotional experiences can improve learning efficiency and cognitive ability,stimulate students’interest in learning,and improve teacher-student relationships.However,positive emotions in the classroom are primarily identified through teachers’observations and postclass questionnaires or interviews.The expression intensity of students,which is extremely important for fine-grained emotion analysis,is not considered.Hence,a novel method based on smile intensity estimation using sequence-relative key-frame labeling is presented.This method aims to recognize the positive emotion levels of a student in an end-to-end framework.First,the intensity label is generated robustly for each frame in the expression sequence based on the relative key frames to address the lack of annotations for smile intensity.Then,a deep-asymmetric convolutional neural network learns the expression model through dual neural networks,to enhance the stability of the network model and avoid the extreme attention region learned.Further,dual neural networks and the dual attention mechanism are integrated using the intensity label based on the relative key frames as the supervised information.Thus,diverse features are effectively extracted and subtle appearance differences between different smiles are perceived based on different perspectives.Finally,comparative experiments for the convergence speed,model-training parameters,confusion matrix,and classification probability are performed.The proposed method was applied to a real classroom scene to analyze the emotions of students.Numerous experiments validated that the proposed method is promising for analyzing the differences in the positive emotion of students while learning in a classroom.
基金funded by the Chongqing Water Resources Bureau,China(Project No.CQS24C00836).
文摘We proposes an AI-assisted framework for integrated natural disaster prevention and emergency response,leveraging the DeepSeek large language model(LLM)to advance intelligent decision-making in geohazard management.We systematically analyze the technical pathways for deploying LLMs in disaster scenarios,emphasizing three breakthrough directions:(1)knowledge graph-driven dynamic risk modeling,(2)reinforcement learning-optimized emergency decision systems,and(3)secure local deployment architectures.The DeepSeek model demonstrates unique advantages through its hybrid reasoning mechanism combining semantic analysis with geospatial pattern recognition,enabling cost-effective processing of multi-source data spanning historical disaster records,real-time IoT sensor feeds,and socio-environmental parameters.A modular system architecture is designed to achieve three critical objectives:(a)automated construction of domain-specific knowledge graphs through unsupervised learning of disaster physics relationships,(b)scenario-adaptive resource allocation using risk simulations,and(c)preserving emergency coordination via federated learning across distributed response nodes.The proposed local deployment paradigm addresses critical data security concerns in cross-border disaster management while complying with the FAIR principles(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,Reusable)for geoscientific data governance.This work establishes a methodological foundation for next-generation AI-earth science convergence in disaster mitigation.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(42172159,52404048)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M743870)+1 种基金Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZB20230864)Frontier Interdisciplinary Exploration Research Program of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(2462024XKQY002).
文摘CO_(2)enhanced oil recovery plays an important role in carbon storage and utilization.However,the incomplete understanding of the underlying microscopic convection–diffusion mechanisms in complex pore structures has constrained the broader industrial application of CO_(2)geo-sequestration.This work develops a pore-scale numerical model considering molecular convection–diffusion to investigate CO_(2)-oil miscible displacement in two-and three-dimensional porous structures of conglomerate rocks.The effects of CO_(2)injection rates and pore structure properties on convection–diffusion are analyzed.By reconstructing the distribution of unexploited pores,the CO_(2)sweep efficiency is quantitatively evaluated.Furthermore,a sequestration factor is proposed to evaluate the CO_(2)storage capacity during miscible displacement.Convection significantly enhances the CO_(2)mass fraction in fractures with high flow rates.Subsequently,CO_(2)gradually diffuses into matrix pores without velocity distribution.Both convection and diffusion contribute to improving CO_(2)displacement efficiency.Diffusion facilitates the dissolution of CO_(2)into oil within small-diameter pores,and convection effectively mobilizes oil in large pore bodies.Developed and homogeneous pore structures enhance CO_(2)displacement efficiency,whereas CO_(2)flows along the main flow channels in heterogeneous pore structures,resulting in lower displacement efficiency.Diffusion plays a crucial role in CO_(2)storage within porous media.At low injection rates,dissolved CO_(2)is trapped in poorly connected and blind-end pores.The injection rate is negatively correlated with the sequestration factor.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41530751National Social Science Foundation of China,No.17VDL008The Project of Bureau of International Cooperation of the CAS,No.131A11KYSB20170014
文摘An international consensus is emerging around the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) proposed by the Chinese government, with a growing number of countries seeing it as a way of jointly exploring new international economic governance mechanisms. Meanwhile, with the crisis of neo-liberalism, economic globalization has arrived at a crossroad. In particular, incessant voices speak out against globalization, making the quest for a new way of promoting global development a major challenge. In this context, more and more political elites and scholars consider that the BRI opens up a possible new globalization path, amongst which inclusive globalization warrants exploration. On the basis of a brief analysis of the course and mechanism of global economic expansion and the limitations of neo-liberal globalization, along with the putting into practice of the BRI, this paper outlines some of the core features of inclusive globalization, i.e., inclusive growth with effective and efficient government regulation; inclusive infrastructure development; inclusive development paths chosen nationally that suit national conditions; inclusive participation; and cultural inclusiveness. Although these features are not sufficient to characterize fully inclusive globalization, they do identify some directions for future research, and provide elements of a discursive construction of the BRI.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71871121).
文摘Due to people’s increasing dependence on social networks,it is essential to develop a consensus model considering not only their own factors but also the interaction between people.Both external trust relationship among experts and the internal reliability of experts are important factors in decision-making.This paper focuses on improving the scientificity and effectiveness of decision-making and presents a consensus model combining trust relationship among experts and expert reliability in social network group decision-making(SN-GDM).A concept named matching degree is proposed to measure expert reliability.Meanwhile,linguistic information is applied to manage the imprecise and vague information.Matching degree is expressed by a 2-tuple linguistic model,and experts’preferences are measured by a probabilistic linguistic term set(PLTS).Subsequently,a hybrid weight is explored to weigh experts’importance in a group.Then a consensus measure is introduced and a feedback mechanism is developed to produce some personalized recommendations with higher group consensus.Finally,a comparative example is provided to prove the scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed consensus model.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（61473176,61105077,61402260,61074149） the Excellent Young and Middle-Aged Scientist Award Grant of Shandong Province of China（BS2012DX026,BS2013DX043） the Open Program from theState Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems（20140102）
基金supported by the State Administration of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defence,PRC(KJSP2020020303)the National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(ZDJ2021-12)。
文摘Landslide hazard mapping is essential for regional landslide hazard management.The main objective of this study is to construct a rainfall-induced landslide hazard map of Luhe County,China based on an automated machine learning framework(AutoGluon).A total of 2241 landslides were identified from satellite images before and after the rainfall event,and 10 impact factors including elevation,slope,aspect,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),topographic wetness index(TWI),lithology,land cover,distance to roads,distance to rivers,and rainfall were selected as indicators.The WeightedEnsemble model,which is an ensemble of 13 basic machine learning models weighted together,was used to output the landslide hazard assessment results.The results indicate that landslides mainly occurred in the central part of the study area,especially in Hetian and Shanghu.Totally 102.44 s were spent to train all the models,and the ensemble model WeightedEnsemble has an Area Under the Curve(AUC)value of92.36%in the test set.In addition,14.95%of the study area was determined to be at very high hazard,with a landslide density of 12.02 per square kilometer.This study serves as a significant reference for the prevention and mitigation of geological hazards and land use planning in Luhe County.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42077259).
文摘This study constructs a preliminary inventory of landslides triggered by the M_(S) 6.8 Luding earthquake based on field investigation and human-computer interaction visual interpretation on optical satellite images.The results show that this earthquake triggered at least 5007 landslides,with a total landslide area of 17.36 km^(2),of which the smallest landslide area is 65 m^(2)and the largest landslide area reaches 120747 m^(2),with an average landslide area of about 3500 m^(2).The obtained landslides are concentrated in the IX intensity zone and the northeast side of the seismogenic fault,and the area density and point density of landslides are 13.8%,and 35.73 km^(-2) peaks with 2 km as the search radius.It should be noted that the number of landslides obtained in this paper will be lower than the actual situation because some areas are covered by clouds and there are no available post-earthquake remote sensing images.Based on the available post-earthquake remote sensing images,the number of landslides triggered by this earthquake is roughly estimated to be up to 10000.This study can be used to support further research on the distribution pattern and risk evaluation of the coseismic landslides in the region,and the prevention and control of landslide hazards in the seismic area.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC1504802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52074042)the Basic Research and Frontier Exploration Project of Chongqing,China in 2018(Grant No.cstc2018jcyj AX0453)。
文摘Predicting rock cracking is important for assessing the stability of underground engineering.The effects of the intersecting angle a and the distribution orientation angleβof intersecting fissures on the uniaxial compressive strength and the failure characteristics of sandstone containing intersecting fissures are investigated through laboratory experiments and two-dimensional particle flow code(PFC2D).The relationship between the mechanical properties of sandstone and the intersecting angle a and the distribution orientation angleβis analysed.Crack initiation forms and the final failure modes are then categorised and determined via empirical methods.In addition,the cracking processes of intersecting fissures with different a andβvalues are discussed.The results show that variations in the peak stress,peak strain,average modulus,and crack initiation stress of sandstone containing intersecting fissures show a“moth”shape in the space of the a-β-mechanical parameters.Two crack initiation forms are identified:inner tip cracking(usually accompanied by one outer tip cracking)and only outer tips cracking.Two failure modes are observed:(1)the main fracture planes are created at the inner tip and one outer tip,and(2)the main fracture planes are formed at the two outer tips.Two main crack evolution processes of sandstone containing intersecting fissures under uniaxial compression are found.Approaches for quickly determining the crack initiation form and the failure mode are proposed.The combination of the determination equations for the crack initiation form and the failure mode can be used to predict the crack evolution.The approach for determining the crack evolution processes is hence proposed with acceptable precision.
基金supported by the Young Fund of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics(No.QN-2018002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71774105)the Fund for Shanxi Key Subjects Construction(FSKSC)and Shanxi Repatriate Study Abroad Foundation(No.2016-3)
文摘International oil and gas projects feature high capital-intensity, high risks and contract diversity. Therefore, in order to help decision makers make more reasonable decisions under uncertainty, it is necessary to measure the risks of international oil and gas projects. For this purpose, this paper constructs a probabilistic model that is based on the traditional economic evaluation model, and introduces value at risk(VaR) which is a valuable risk measure tool in finance, and applies Va R to measure the risks of royalty contracts, production share contracts and service contracts of an international oil and gas project. Besides, this paper compares the influences of different risk factors on the net present value(NPV) of the project by using the simulation results. The results indicate:(1) risks have great impacts on the project's NPV, therefore, if risks are overlooked, the decision may be wrong.(2) A simulation method is applied to simulate the stochastic distribution of risk factors in the probabilistic model. Therefore, the probability is related to the project's NPV, overcoming the inherent limitation of the traditional economic evaluation method.(3) VaR is a straightforward risk measure tool, and can be applied to evaluate the risks of international oil and gas projects. It is helpful for decision making.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61402260,61473176)Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(TSQN201812092)
文摘Pythagorean fuzzy set(PFS) can provide more flexibility than intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) for handling uncertain information, and PFS has been increasingly used in multi-attribute decision making problems. This paper proposes a new multiattribute group decision making method based on Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable Hamy mean(PULVHM) operator and VIKOR method. Firstly, we define operation rules and a new aggregation operator of Pythagorean uncertain linguistic variable(PULV) and explore some properties of the operator.Secondly, taking the decision makers' hesitation degree into account, a new score function is defined, and we further develop a new group decision making approach integrated with VIKOR method. Finally, an investment example is demonstrated to elaborate the validity of the proposed method. Sensibility analysis and comprehensive comparisons with another two methods are performed to show the stability and advantage of our method.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 61472231]the Social Science University Humanity Foundation of China[grant number 12YJA630152]+1 种基金the Social Science Foundation of Shandong Province[grant number BS2013DX037]the Scientific Research Reward Outstanding Young Scientists Foundation of Shandong Province[grant number BS2013DX037]
文摘This article primarily discusses the issue of realizing sustainable development in Shandong Province,China through transformation.It compares the global energy structure to China's,as well as among regions and provinces within China.The article takes six cities in Shandong Province as typical objectives,and then using principal component analysis it calculates their flexibility in regard to city shift and restructuring.The main purpose was to quantify the impact of economic activities triggered by the coal industry,a.k.a the energy economic nexus,and to assess the flexibility and sustainability in transformation among the observed coal-based cities.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2009CB326203)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61004103)+5 种基金the National Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20100111110005)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20090460742)National Engineering Research Center of Special Display Technology (No. 2008HGXJ0350)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (No. 090412058, No. 070412035)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China (No. 11040606Q44, No. 090412058)Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Scholars of Hefei University of Technology (No. GDBJ2009-003, No. GDBJ2009-067)
文摘Suitable rescue path selection is very important to rescue lives and reduce the loss of disasters, and has been a key issue in the field of disaster response management. In this paper, we present a path selection algorithm based on Q-learning for disaster response applications. We assume that a rescue team is an agent, which is operating in a dynamic and dangerous environment and needs to find a safe and short path in the least time. We first propose a path selection model for disaster response management, and deduce that path selection based on our model is a Markov decision process. Then, we introduce Q-learning and design strategies for action selection and to avoid cyclic path. Finally, experimental results show that our algorithm can find a safe and short path in the dynamic and dangerous environment, which can provide a specific and significant reference for practical management in disaster response applications.
基金Projects(51039001,51009063) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(SX2010-026) supported by State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee Executive Office,China+1 种基金Project(2012BS046) supported by Henan University of Technology,ChinaProject(BYHGLC-2010-02) supported by the Guangzhou Water Authority,China
文摘An integrated evaluation system under randomness and fuzziness was developed in this work to systematically assess the risk of groundwater contamination in a little town, Central China. In this system, randomness of the parameters and the fuzziness of the risk were considered simultaneously, and the exceeding standard probability of contamination and human health risk due to the contamination were integrated. The contamination risk was defined as a combination of "vulnerability" and "hazard". To calculate the value of "vulnerability", pollutant concentration was simulated by MODFLOW with random input variables and a new modified health risk assessment(MRA) model was established to analyze the level of "hazard". The limit concentration based on environmental-guideline and health risk due to manganese were systematically examined to obtain the general risk levels through a fuzzy rule base. The "vulnerability" and "hazard" were divided into five categories of "high", "medium-high", "medium", "low-medium" and "low", respectively. Then, "vulnerability" and "hazard" were firstly combined by integrated evaluation. Compared with the other two scenarios under deterministic methods, the risk obtained in the proposed system is higher. This research illustrated that ignoring of uncertainties in evaluation process might underestimate the risk level.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA20010102National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41871115,No.41530751British Academy Newton Advanced Fellowship,No.NAF2R2/100172。
文摘This article contributes to a small but growing body of multi-sited and multi-scalar research on the Belt and Road Initiative.We focus on relations at the national,regional and international scales,and present original research from China and Turkey,to show how the Istanbul-Ankara high-speed railway has served as a testing ground for China's Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).Its construction was initially funded by the European Investment Bank,but it is now part of the backbone of the Turkish Government's Middle Corridor plan which enhances west-east connectivity and integration with the Caucasus and Central Asia.We show that in contrast to multinational corporations from the OECD that seek to remain footloose,Chinese state-owned enterprises(SOEs)seek to adapt to,apprehend and ultimately shape local institutions.In the case of Turkey this proved difficult given its institutional alignment with the European Union.Thus,while the railway project was completed successfully by a consortium led by a Chinese SOE,Turkey's dynamic and complex regulatory environment discourages Chinese SOEs in the infrastructure sector.We conclude that the Turkish and Chinese governments are currently pursuing complementary territorial visions yet their cooperation is project-based and pragmatic.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12205001,11935001,and 12204001)the Scientific Research program of Anhui University of Finance and Economics(Nos.ACKYC22080 and ACKYC220801).
文摘The properties of exotic nuclei are the focus of the present research.Two-neutron halo structures of neutron-rich17,19B were experimentally confirmed.We studied the formation mechanism of halo phenomena in17,19B using the complex momentum representation method applied to deformation and continuum coupling.By examining the evolution of the weakly bound and resonant levels near the Fermi surface,s–d orbital reversals and certain prolate deformations were observed.In addition,by analyzing the evolution of the occupation probabilities and density distributions occupied by valence neutrons,we found that the ground state of15B did not exhibit a halo and the ground states of17B and19B exhibited halos at 0.6≤β2≤0.7 and0.3≤β2≤0.7,respectively.The low-l components in the valence levels that are weakly bound or embedded in the continuous spectrum lead to halo formation.
