Through an overview of developments in finance and in the energy sector, this work represents an analysis of the relationship of their trends. It is carried out through an interdisciplinary approach. From the original...Through an overview of developments in finance and in the energy sector, this work represents an analysis of the relationship of their trends. It is carried out through an interdisciplinary approach. From the original physical currency to electronic payment methods, digital currency is becoming a new concept. It’s still a fiat money which is only as good as the organization that issues it. Because Bitcoin is not issued by any central bank, there is no centralized management of the country;there is a great risk of losing control. Finance is not entirely a virtual economy. So, currency development trends must return to intrinsic value. There is the possibility for the energy currency alsofor its stability. As an energy currency, it is not necessary to print, not to apply the exchange rate, no corresponding pollution, and even better it will help to alleviate the existing environmental problem facing the challenges of global environmental degradation. The international unit of energy can be seen as the unit of energy money because of its intrinsic value. As stated by Scott, there are good reasons to consider energy as a potential currency. If the future integrates energy into the financial system and becomes a means of payment, it will not only eliminate the risk of currency depreciation, but also optimize energy saving and use to achieve environmental protection. The emphasis is given to the integration of the financial sector with the energy one. The aim is to develop a parametric numerical model able toforesee the possibility of combining finance and energy, allowing a sustainable development. This allows us to analyze the pros and cons of the existing energy cryptocurrencies. The last step consists in identifying the main characteristics that this cryptocurrency must have in order to achieve the desired results.展开更多
This paper presents a brief literature review of previous studies methodologies,models,and contexts in studying firms’upgrading in Global Value Chains(GVCs).The key context of this paper is set within Fourth Industri...This paper presents a brief literature review of previous studies methodologies,models,and contexts in studying firms’upgrading in Global Value Chains(GVCs).The key context of this paper is set within Fourth Industrial Revolution(4IR).Through the literature review,this paper offers to identify the opportunities of theoretical novelty and ways to elaborate on understanding firm dynamics in Global Value Chains in the context of 4IR.The approach based on Business Model(BM)innovations and new forms of organizing for business(such as platforms)is used to synthesize from previous research findings and build on to newer explanations of firms’entry,learning,and upgrading within GVCs.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the associations between ocular parameters-mean keratometry(Km),spherical equivalent(SE),central corneal thickness(CCT),axial length(AL),corneal hysteresis(CH),and corneal resistance factor(CR...Objective:To investigate the associations between ocular parameters-mean keratometry(Km),spherical equivalent(SE),central corneal thickness(CCT),axial length(AL),corneal hysteresis(CH),and corneal resistance factor(CRF)-and intraocular pressure(IOP)measurements obtained by non-contact tonometry(IOP NCT),Schiøtz tonometry(IOP_(Schiøtz)),dynamic contour tonometry(IOP_(DCT)),corneal-compensated(IOP_(cc)),and Goldmann-correlated IOP(IOP_(g))in a myopic population.Correlation and regression analyses were performed to identify the IOP measurement method least affected by ocular parameters.An optimized prediction model was then constructed based on conventional tonometry.Methods:This study included 64 patients(128 eyes).All participants underwent comprehensive ocular examinations(CCT,AL,SE,Km,CH,and CRF)and IOP measurements using multiple tonometers.Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify key influencers on IOP readings.An optimized prediction model was subsequently developed using NCT,CCT,CH,and CRF as independent variables,and its goodness-of-fit was evaluated.Results:Age,AL,Km,IOP_(Schiøtz),IOP_(DCT),IOP_(cc),and IOP_(g)showed statistically significant differences between sexes.Multiple regression identified CRF as the strongest positive predictor for all IOP measurements(P<0.001),while CH was a consistent negative predictor(P<0.01).Notably,dynamic contour tonometry(DCT)demonstrated the smallest regression coefficients for CH(B=-0.745)and CRF(B=0.812),indicating minimal influence from corneal parameters.An optimized prediction model was developed:DCTpred=18.657+0.394×NCT-0.008×CCT-0.415×CH+0.107×CRF(MSE=3.30).Conclusions:DCT measurements were less influenced by CCT,CH,and CRF,supporting their potential reliability for IOP assessment in patients with myopia.The optimized prediction model based on multiple regression analysis was able to predict DCT values to some extent,thereby reducing the influence of corneal biomechanical properties on IOP measurement.However,the model requires further validation and refinement in studies with larger sample sizes.展开更多
文摘Through an overview of developments in finance and in the energy sector, this work represents an analysis of the relationship of their trends. It is carried out through an interdisciplinary approach. From the original physical currency to electronic payment methods, digital currency is becoming a new concept. It’s still a fiat money which is only as good as the organization that issues it. Because Bitcoin is not issued by any central bank, there is no centralized management of the country;there is a great risk of losing control. Finance is not entirely a virtual economy. So, currency development trends must return to intrinsic value. There is the possibility for the energy currency alsofor its stability. As an energy currency, it is not necessary to print, not to apply the exchange rate, no corresponding pollution, and even better it will help to alleviate the existing environmental problem facing the challenges of global environmental degradation. The international unit of energy can be seen as the unit of energy money because of its intrinsic value. As stated by Scott, there are good reasons to consider energy as a potential currency. If the future integrates energy into the financial system and becomes a means of payment, it will not only eliminate the risk of currency depreciation, but also optimize energy saving and use to achieve environmental protection. The emphasis is given to the integration of the financial sector with the energy one. The aim is to develop a parametric numerical model able toforesee the possibility of combining finance and energy, allowing a sustainable development. This allows us to analyze the pros and cons of the existing energy cryptocurrencies. The last step consists in identifying the main characteristics that this cryptocurrency must have in order to achieve the desired results.
基金Acknowledgement:This research has been funded by the CatChain project under grant agreement No.778398—Marie Skłodowska Curie Action H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017.
文摘This paper presents a brief literature review of previous studies methodologies,models,and contexts in studying firms’upgrading in Global Value Chains(GVCs).The key context of this paper is set within Fourth Industrial Revolution(4IR).Through the literature review,this paper offers to identify the opportunities of theoretical novelty and ways to elaborate on understanding firm dynamics in Global Value Chains in the context of 4IR.The approach based on Business Model(BM)innovations and new forms of organizing for business(such as platforms)is used to synthesize from previous research findings and build on to newer explanations of firms’entry,learning,and upgrading within GVCs.
文摘Objective:To investigate the associations between ocular parameters-mean keratometry(Km),spherical equivalent(SE),central corneal thickness(CCT),axial length(AL),corneal hysteresis(CH),and corneal resistance factor(CRF)-and intraocular pressure(IOP)measurements obtained by non-contact tonometry(IOP NCT),Schiøtz tonometry(IOP_(Schiøtz)),dynamic contour tonometry(IOP_(DCT)),corneal-compensated(IOP_(cc)),and Goldmann-correlated IOP(IOP_(g))in a myopic population.Correlation and regression analyses were performed to identify the IOP measurement method least affected by ocular parameters.An optimized prediction model was then constructed based on conventional tonometry.Methods:This study included 64 patients(128 eyes).All participants underwent comprehensive ocular examinations(CCT,AL,SE,Km,CH,and CRF)and IOP measurements using multiple tonometers.Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify key influencers on IOP readings.An optimized prediction model was subsequently developed using NCT,CCT,CH,and CRF as independent variables,and its goodness-of-fit was evaluated.Results:Age,AL,Km,IOP_(Schiøtz),IOP_(DCT),IOP_(cc),and IOP_(g)showed statistically significant differences between sexes.Multiple regression identified CRF as the strongest positive predictor for all IOP measurements(P<0.001),while CH was a consistent negative predictor(P<0.01).Notably,dynamic contour tonometry(DCT)demonstrated the smallest regression coefficients for CH(B=-0.745)and CRF(B=0.812),indicating minimal influence from corneal parameters.An optimized prediction model was developed:DCTpred=18.657+0.394×NCT-0.008×CCT-0.415×CH+0.107×CRF(MSE=3.30).Conclusions:DCT measurements were less influenced by CCT,CH,and CRF,supporting their potential reliability for IOP assessment in patients with myopia.The optimized prediction model based on multiple regression analysis was able to predict DCT values to some extent,thereby reducing the influence of corneal biomechanical properties on IOP measurement.However,the model requires further validation and refinement in studies with larger sample sizes.
