The convergence of organoid technology and artificial intelligence(AI)is poised to revolutionise oral healthcare.Organoids-three-dimensional structures derived from human tissues-offer invaluable insights into the com...The convergence of organoid technology and artificial intelligence(AI)is poised to revolutionise oral healthcare.Organoids-three-dimensional structures derived from human tissues-offer invaluable insights into the complex biology of diseases,allowing researchers to effectively study disease mechanisms and test therapeutic interventions in environments that closely mimic in vivo conditions.In this review,we first present the historical development of organoids and delve into the current types of oral organoids,focusing on their use in disease models,regeneration and microbiome intervention.We then compare single-source and multi-lineage oral organoids and assess the latest progress in bioprinted,vascularised and neural-integrated organoids.In the next part of the review,we highlight significant advancements in AI,emphasising how AI algorithms may potentially promote organoid development for early disease detection and diagnosis,personalised treatment,disease prediction and drug screening.However,our main finding is the identification of remaining challenges,such as data integration and the critical need for rigorous validation of AI algorithms to ensure their clinical reliability.Our main viewpoint is that current AI-enabled oral organoids are still limited in applications but,as we look to the future,we offer insights into the potential transformation of AI-integrated oral organoids in oral disease diagnosis,oral microbial interactions and drug discoveries.By synthesising these components,this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current state and future implications of AI-enabled oral organoids,emphasising their role in advancing oral healthcare and improving patient outcomes.展开更多
Dental and orthopedic titanium implants are successfully and widely used but still face challenges due to complications leading to high treatment cost,morbidity,and even mortality.This review focuses on the hybrid coa...Dental and orthopedic titanium implants are successfully and widely used but still face challenges due to complications leading to high treatment cost,morbidity,and even mortality.This review focuses on the hybrid coatings designed to prevent and mitigate implant failure by integrating multiple strategies and materials.The forms of manufacturing and synthesizing hybrid coatings were first discussed.We then categorize these coatings based on their biological functions:antibacterial coatings,which are essential for preventing difficult-to-treat infection;coatings designed to promote osseointegration,crucial for the mechanical stability of implants;coatings that encourage soft tissue attachment,contributing to the overall success and esthetics of implant.We summarize the state of the art in multifunctional coatings that integrate multiple biological functions as an alternative,holistic approach for reducing implant complications.The review culminates in a discussion on future di-rections in the field,emphasizing the potential and notable challenges these biofunctional hybrid coatings face toward obtaining commercial success in patients.Together,our article provides a comprehensive overview of current developments and a glimpse into the future of hybrid coatings for potentially revolutionizing dental and orthopedic implants.展开更多
基金supported by the IADR Innovation in Oral Care Awards,the Innovation and Technology Fund(No.ITS/307/22)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Young Scientist Fund(No.82401187).
文摘The convergence of organoid technology and artificial intelligence(AI)is poised to revolutionise oral healthcare.Organoids-three-dimensional structures derived from human tissues-offer invaluable insights into the complex biology of diseases,allowing researchers to effectively study disease mechanisms and test therapeutic interventions in environments that closely mimic in vivo conditions.In this review,we first present the historical development of organoids and delve into the current types of oral organoids,focusing on their use in disease models,regeneration and microbiome intervention.We then compare single-source and multi-lineage oral organoids and assess the latest progress in bioprinted,vascularised and neural-integrated organoids.In the next part of the review,we highlight significant advancements in AI,emphasising how AI algorithms may potentially promote organoid development for early disease detection and diagnosis,personalised treatment,disease prediction and drug screening.However,our main finding is the identification of remaining challenges,such as data integration and the critical need for rigorous validation of AI algorithms to ensure their clinical reliability.Our main viewpoint is that current AI-enabled oral organoids are still limited in applications but,as we look to the future,we offer insights into the potential transformation of AI-integrated oral organoids in oral disease diagnosis,oral microbial interactions and drug discoveries.By synthesising these components,this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current state and future implications of AI-enabled oral organoids,emphasising their role in advancing oral healthcare and improving patient outcomes.
基金This study was supported by the IADR Innovation in Oral Care Awards to Z.Y.,the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 82160190 to T.S.]the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology,China[grant number 20203BBGL73156 to T.S.].
文摘Dental and orthopedic titanium implants are successfully and widely used but still face challenges due to complications leading to high treatment cost,morbidity,and even mortality.This review focuses on the hybrid coatings designed to prevent and mitigate implant failure by integrating multiple strategies and materials.The forms of manufacturing and synthesizing hybrid coatings were first discussed.We then categorize these coatings based on their biological functions:antibacterial coatings,which are essential for preventing difficult-to-treat infection;coatings designed to promote osseointegration,crucial for the mechanical stability of implants;coatings that encourage soft tissue attachment,contributing to the overall success and esthetics of implant.We summarize the state of the art in multifunctional coatings that integrate multiple biological functions as an alternative,holistic approach for reducing implant complications.The review culminates in a discussion on future di-rections in the field,emphasizing the potential and notable challenges these biofunctional hybrid coatings face toward obtaining commercial success in patients.Together,our article provides a comprehensive overview of current developments and a glimpse into the future of hybrid coatings for potentially revolutionizing dental and orthopedic implants.
