当进入过敏季节我们可能并不太会拿出手帕或者打喷嚏来预防过敏。日前，一项刊登在国际杂志The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition上的研究报告中。来自佛罗里达大学的研究人员通过研究发现。一种益生菌组合或许能够帮助减轻花粉...当进入过敏季节我们可能并不太会拿出手帕或者打喷嚏来预防过敏。日前，一项刊登在国际杂志The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition上的研究报告中。来自佛罗里达大学的研究人员通过研究发现。一种益生菌组合或许能够帮助减轻花粉症的症状。展开更多
AIM To assess the effects of probiotic Medilac-S^(®)as adjunctive therapy for the induction of remission of ulcerative colitis(UC)in a Chinese population through a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A sy...AIM To assess the effects of probiotic Medilac-S^(®)as adjunctive therapy for the induction of remission of ulcerative colitis(UC)in a Chinese population through a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to find randomized,controlled trials in a Chinese population with at least two study arms-a control arm which receives a conventional,oral aminosalicylate drug,and a treatment arm,which administers the same conventional drug in conjunction with the probiotic Medilac-S^(®)per os.Both English and Chinese databases were searched,including Pub Med,EMBASE,Google Scholar,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,and VIP Search,and study data was extracted onto standardized abstraction sheets.Meta-analyses were conducted for primary and secondary outcomes of interest using a fixed or random effects model.The primary outcome was the induction of clinical remission and the secondary outcomes included changes in Sutherland index,endoscopic and histological scores,proportion of reported clinical symptoms and adverse events(AEs).For outcomes with sufficient data,the type of conventional drug therapy was also assessed to determine if the effects of combination therapy with Medilac-S^(®)was influenced by drug type.All tests were conducted using a typeⅠerror rate of 0.05 and all confidence intervals(CI)were based on a 95%confidence level.Review protocol was uploaded to PROSPERO(CRD42018085658 upon completion).RESULTS Fifty-three clinical trials with a total of 3984 participants were identified and included in the review.Medilac-S^(®)adjunctive therapy significantly improved induction of clinical remission(RR=1.21;95%CI:1.18-1.24;P<0.0001)with the estimated likelihood of effective treatment,on average,21%higher for those consuming the probiotic.Sutherland index scores showed the control mean was on average 3.10(CI:2.41-3.78;P=0.0428)units greater than the treatment mean,thereby demonstrating significant improvement in participants taking the probiotic.Similarly,a significant difference was seen between the overall reduction of endoscopic and histological scores of control and treatment arm participants,with score decreases in the control groups 0.71(CI:0.3537-1.0742)and 1.1(CI:0.9189-1.2300)units smaller than treatment group score decreases.The proportion of participants reporting clinical symptoms,(abdominal pain,tenesmus,blood and mucous in stool,and diarrhea)was significantly reduced after combination therapy with Medilac-S~(P<0.0001)and estimated to be on average 44%(RR=0.44,CI:0.32-0.59),53%(RR=0.53,CI:0.38-74),40%(RR=0.40,CI:0.28-0.58)and 47%(RR=0.47 CI:0.36-0.42)respectively,of the proportion of individuals reporting the aforementioned symptoms after conventional therapy alone.The risk of AEs was also significantly reduced with adjunctive Medilac-S~therapy.The proportion of individuals in the treatment groups reporting AEs was an estimated 72%of the proportion of individuals in the control groups reporting AEs(RR=0.72,CI:0.55-0.94,P=0.0175).Upon comparing effect means for different drug types in conjunction with Medilac-S^(®),evidence of significant variability(P<0.0001)was observed,and sulfasalazine was found to be the most effective drug in both primary and secondary outcomes.CONCLUSION Evidence suggests Medilac-S~adjunctive therapy should be considered standard care for UC in a Chinese population because it aids in the induction of clinical remission,improves symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces risk of AEs.展开更多
Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per ...Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per year to manage citrus canker warrants an investigation into the effects of copper on growth of isolates of G. citricarpa from citrus in Florida. Guignardia citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolates, confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing of ribosomal DNA and DNA homology, were inoculated on non-amended media and media amended with 50 and 500 μg·ml-1 copper sulfate. Radial colony growth was assessed over a 26 to 59 day period. Copper reduced the growth of G. citricarpa isolates in media amended with 500 μg·ml-1 copper but had variable effects on radial growth in media amended with 50 μg·ml-1 copper. There was little effect of copper on the in vitro growth of G. mangiferae isolates. Field application of copper with and without an adjuvant for the control of citrus black spot was undertaken in a commercial grove in Florida in 2011. Spray applications were made on a 23.3 ± 4.7 day interval and fruit accessed between December 2011 and March 2012 for black spot symptoms. Copper failed to reduce the proportion of fruit exhibiting symptoms compared to that of the controls.展开更多
文摘AIM To assess the effects of probiotic Medilac-S^(®)as adjunctive therapy for the induction of remission of ulcerative colitis(UC)in a Chinese population through a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to find randomized,controlled trials in a Chinese population with at least two study arms-a control arm which receives a conventional,oral aminosalicylate drug,and a treatment arm,which administers the same conventional drug in conjunction with the probiotic Medilac-S^(®)per os.Both English and Chinese databases were searched,including Pub Med,EMBASE,Google Scholar,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,and VIP Search,and study data was extracted onto standardized abstraction sheets.Meta-analyses were conducted for primary and secondary outcomes of interest using a fixed or random effects model.The primary outcome was the induction of clinical remission and the secondary outcomes included changes in Sutherland index,endoscopic and histological scores,proportion of reported clinical symptoms and adverse events(AEs).For outcomes with sufficient data,the type of conventional drug therapy was also assessed to determine if the effects of combination therapy with Medilac-S^(®)was influenced by drug type.All tests were conducted using a typeⅠerror rate of 0.05 and all confidence intervals(CI)were based on a 95%confidence level.Review protocol was uploaded to PROSPERO(CRD42018085658 upon completion).RESULTS Fifty-three clinical trials with a total of 3984 participants were identified and included in the review.Medilac-S^(®)adjunctive therapy significantly improved induction of clinical remission(RR=1.21;95%CI:1.18-1.24;P<0.0001)with the estimated likelihood of effective treatment,on average,21%higher for those consuming the probiotic.Sutherland index scores showed the control mean was on average 3.10(CI:2.41-3.78;P=0.0428)units greater than the treatment mean,thereby demonstrating significant improvement in participants taking the probiotic.Similarly,a significant difference was seen between the overall reduction of endoscopic and histological scores of control and treatment arm participants,with score decreases in the control groups 0.71(CI:0.3537-1.0742)and 1.1(CI:0.9189-1.2300)units smaller than treatment group score decreases.The proportion of participants reporting clinical symptoms,(abdominal pain,tenesmus,blood and mucous in stool,and diarrhea)was significantly reduced after combination therapy with Medilac-S~(P<0.0001)and estimated to be on average 44%(RR=0.44,CI:0.32-0.59),53%(RR=0.53,CI:0.38-74),40%(RR=0.40,CI:0.28-0.58)and 47%(RR=0.47 CI:0.36-0.42)respectively,of the proportion of individuals reporting the aforementioned symptoms after conventional therapy alone.The risk of AEs was also significantly reduced with adjunctive Medilac-S~therapy.The proportion of individuals in the treatment groups reporting AEs was an estimated 72%of the proportion of individuals in the control groups reporting AEs(RR=0.72,CI:0.55-0.94,P=0.0175).Upon comparing effect means for different drug types in conjunction with Medilac-S^(®),evidence of significant variability(P<0.0001)was observed,and sulfasalazine was found to be the most effective drug in both primary and secondary outcomes.CONCLUSION Evidence suggests Medilac-S~adjunctive therapy should be considered standard care for UC in a Chinese population because it aids in the induction of clinical remission,improves symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces risk of AEs.
文摘Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per year to manage citrus canker warrants an investigation into the effects of copper on growth of isolates of G. citricarpa from citrus in Florida. Guignardia citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolates, confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing of ribosomal DNA and DNA homology, were inoculated on non-amended media and media amended with 50 and 500 μg·ml-1 copper sulfate. Radial colony growth was assessed over a 26 to 59 day period. Copper reduced the growth of G. citricarpa isolates in media amended with 500 μg·ml-1 copper but had variable effects on radial growth in media amended with 50 μg·ml-1 copper. There was little effect of copper on the in vitro growth of G. mangiferae isolates. Field application of copper with and without an adjuvant for the control of citrus black spot was undertaken in a commercial grove in Florida in 2011. Spray applications were made on a 23.3 ± 4.7 day interval and fruit accessed between December 2011 and March 2012 for black spot symptoms. Copper failed to reduce the proportion of fruit exhibiting symptoms compared to that of the controls.
