A study was carried out in Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Campus Aurangabad, Maharashtra State, India for analyzing the prevalence of Muscardine disease during rainy, winter and summer season in bivoltin...A study was carried out in Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Campus Aurangabad, Maharashtra State, India for analyzing the prevalence of Muscardine disease during rainy, winter and summer season in bivoltine x bivoltine hybrids viz. CSR2 × CSR4, CSR4 × CSR2 and multi × bivoltine hybrid PM × CSR2. Observation on Muscardine disease was recorded till the onset of spinning. Analysis of results shows that disease prevalence was more in bivoltine x bivoltine hybrids compare to multi × bivoltine hybrids. PM × CSR2 was found to be more resistant towards Muscardine disease compared to other hybrids under agro-climatic conditions of Aurangabad.展开更多
The age at which a woman enters natural menopause has also been associated to death from any cause.Menopause is a natural component of aging that happens between the ages of 45 and 55,with the average menopausal age b...The age at which a woman enters natural menopause has also been associated to death from any cause.Menopause is a natural component of aging that happens between the ages of 45 and 55,with the average menopausal age being 51.Previous research has revealed the age at which women reach menopause,but there is no evidence to support the link between menopause and longevity.We made a study in assessing the limits of maximum lifespan at menopausal age in our previous article.In this paper,we aim to predict the maximum lifespan of women at mean menopausal age.展开更多
The exponential growth of over-the-top(OTT)entertainment has fueled a surge in content consumption across diverse formats,especially in regional Indian languages.With the Indian film industry producing over 1500 films...The exponential growth of over-the-top(OTT)entertainment has fueled a surge in content consumption across diverse formats,especially in regional Indian languages.With the Indian film industry producing over 1500 films annually in more than 20 languages,personalized recommendations are essential to highlight relevant content.To overcome the limitations of traditional recommender systems-such as static latent vectors,poor handling of cold-start scenarios,and the absence of uncertainty modeling-we propose a deep Collaborative Neural Generative Embedding(C-NGE)model.C-NGE dynamically learns user and item representations by integrating rating information and metadata features in a unified neural framework.It uses metadata as sampled noise and applies the reparameterization trick to capture latent patterns better and support predictions for new users or items without retraining.We evaluate CNGE on the Indian Regional Movies(IRM)dataset,along with MovieLens 100 K and 1 M.Results show that our model consistently outperforms several existing methods,and its extensibility allows for incorporating additional signals like user reviews and multimodal data to enhance recommendation quality.展开更多
In the current study novel magnetic BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)heterojunction nanocomposites fabricated by chemical precipitation method for Acid Violet 7(AV 7)and Reactive Red 120(RR 120)dye degradation under su...In the current study novel magnetic BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)heterojunction nanocomposites fabricated by chemical precipitation method for Acid Violet 7(AV 7)and Reactive Red 120(RR 120)dye degradation under sunlight are presented.The samples were well characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDAX),UV-visible near infrared(NIR),photoluminescence(PL),TRF,EIS,Mott-Schottky,and BET analysis.X-ray diffractograms of BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)nanocomposites authenticate the formation of the composite composed of diffraction peaks of both BiOBr and Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)samples.Photoluminescence(PL),Time Resolved Fluorescence Spectrocopy(TRF)and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS)investigations were explored to examine the transfer efficiency of photoinduced charge carriers.Among the synthesized materials,the BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)-2 nanocomposite presents superior degradation capability for RR 120 of 87.34%and AV 7 dyes of 98.41%.The apparent rate constant(k)value of 0.1317 min^(-1)for AV 7 is sixteen times higher and RR 120(0.0135 min^(-1))is 2 times higher than pristine BiOBr.The radical trapping experiments also proved the role of photogenerated h^(+),O_(2)·^(-),and·OH radicals in the degradation mechanism.The superior performance of BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)-2 is ascribed to the formation of the heterostructure,the in-built electric field,and energy-band alignment,which thermodynamically and kinetically favors the photoactivity and stability of the heterojunction.展开更多
Modifying the surface structures of g-C_(3)N_(4) through interfacial coupling with other semiconductors has been spotlighted as an efficient approach for improving photocatalytic efficiency.With the surge of S-scheme ...Modifying the surface structures of g-C_(3)N_(4) through interfacial coupling with other semiconductors has been spotlighted as an efficient approach for improving photocatalytic efficiency.With the surge of S-scheme heterojunctions,the research is intensified towards designing this kind of composite for energy-environmental-related applications.In this context,a new approach involving surface modifications of g-C_(3)N_(4) through Gd species and integrating with monoclinic-WO_(3) via a wet chemical approach to form S-scheme heterojunctions is investigated.The characterization results attested that the adopted protocol promotes the better dispersion of Gd species over the g-C_(3)N_(4) surface and rigidly integrates with WO_(3).The optical response of the composite spanned a significant portion of the visible region in the solar spec-trum.The computational studies and the findings of the Mott-Schottky plot collectively suggested that the position of band edges qualifies for the formation of S-scheme heterojunction.The results derived from photocurrent response measurements and photoluminescence technique attribute to the effective charge carrier separation in the heterostructure.The rate constant of Gd-g-C_(3)N_(4)/WO_(3) was 1.48×10^(-2) min^(-1) which was approximately 4.35 and 2.27 times greater than that of WO_(3)(0.34×10^(-2) min^(-1))and g-C_(3)N_(4)/WO_(3)(0.65×10^(-2) min^(-1))respectively.Furthermore,RhB degradation in the presence of scav-engers validated the participation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in the degradation mechanisms.This was possible only when the conduction band electrons of WO_(3) recombined with the valence band holes of Gd-modified g-C_(3)N_(4).The present work helps to understand the S-scheme heterojunction forma-tion between surface-modified g-C_(3)N_(4) and metal oxides and retain the involvement of energetic charge carriers in the desired redox reactions.展开更多
A combination of hard(SiCP)and soft(fly ash)particulate reinforcements could be a strategy to enhance combination of multiple properties of Magnesium and its alloys which otherwise suffer from low stiffness,low wear r...A combination of hard(SiCP)and soft(fly ash)particulate reinforcements could be a strategy to enhance combination of multiple properties of Magnesium and its alloys which otherwise suffer from low stiffness,low wear resistance,and many other critical properties.However,at present a comprehensive and robust map correlating different properties in particle-reinforced composites is much lacking.In this work,an industrial grade AZ91 magnesium alloy reinforced with hard SiC and soft fly ash particles(with 3 vol.%each),has been prepared using stir casting followed by hot extrusion at 325℃with a ratio of 21.5.Microstructure of the hybrid composite was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopes.The composite exhibited a reduction in average grain size from 13.6 to 7.1μm,concomitantly an increase in Vickers hardness from 73 to 111 HV.The tension-compression yield asymmetry ratios of the unreinforced alloy and hybrid composite were 1.165 and 0.976,respectively indicating higher yield strength for the composite under compressive load.The composite exhibited 76%improvement in damping capacity under time sweep mode,and 28%improvement at 423 K under temperature sweep mode.The tribological characteristics of the composite under dry sliding conditions at sliding speeds and loads in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 m s^(-1)and 10 to 30 N,respectively showed higher wear resistance than the unreinforced alloy.The composite showed 23%improvement in sliding wear resistance at a load of 20 N and a speed of 1 m s^(-1).Finally,efforts have been made to understand the influence of one property on the other by developing statistical property correlation maps from the properties obtained in this study and from the literature.These maps are expected to help in the design of hybrid Metal Matrix Composites for a variety of targeted applications in different sectors.展开更多
Salinity tissue tolerance is a key trait that confers adaptive potential in halophytic species.The aim of this study was to understand the mechanistic basis of salinity tissue tolerance in the Oryza coarctata,a haloph...Salinity tissue tolerance is a key trait that confers adaptive potential in halophytic species.The aim of this study was to understand the mechanistic basis of salinity tissue tolerance in the Oryza coarctata,a halophytic wild relative of cultivated rice Oryza sativa,to be then used as novel targets for improving salinity stress tolerance of O.sativa.Salinity led to ~80% decline in mesophyll cell viability in cultivated rice,whereas only 15% reduction was observed in the wild rice.In response to NaCl treatments,mesophyll cells of O.coarctata showed less Na^(+) uptake and better K^(+) retention than cultivated rice.Pharmacological experiments suggested that salinity-induced Na^(+) uptake and K^(+) loss in O.coarctata were mediated by non-selective cation channels(NSCCs) while K^(+) loss in cultivated rice was mediated predominantly by GORK(guard cell outward-rectifying K^(+)) channels.Salt treatment resulted in a depolarization of the plasma membrane(PM) in O.sativa.In contrast,O.coarctata had NaCl dose-dependent hyperpolarization in the mesophyll cells,due to its higher preference for Cl^(-)uptake.This difference in plant ionic relations was partially attributable to differences in transcriptional expression levels of Potassium transporter 1(AKT1),Salt overly sensitive 1(SOS1),Sodium transporter OsHKT1;4,and Chloride channel(OsCLC1).It is concluded that O.coarctata possesses a strong ability to discriminate between Cl^(-)and Na^(+) uptake(a trait lacking in cultivated rice) and use it to maintain negative membrane potential(MP) values without activating H^(+)-ATPase,thus enabling more efficient K^(+) retention in mesophyll with low energy costs.The above traits should be considered as potential targets in the rice breeding program for salt tolerance enhancement.展开更多
The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, a...The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The combination approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and thermal characteristics of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, excluding the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity. These two properties are inferred by means of the interpolation method based on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) is adopted to solve the conundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those numerical simulation results, indicating that this research is reliable. The influence of diverse factors on the thermal overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furthermore, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the combination of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the combination of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The temperature at the fin tip increases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet number increases by 400%, while decreases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman number increases by 400%.展开更多
The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)holds significant promise as a sustainable alternative to the conventional large-scale Haber Bosch process,offering a carbon footprint-free approach for ammonia syn...The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)holds significant promise as a sustainable alternative to the conventional large-scale Haber Bosch process,offering a carbon footprint-free approach for ammonia synthesis.While the process is thermodynamically feasible at ambient temperature and pressure,challenges such as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction,low nitrogen solubility in electrolytes,and the activation of inert dinitrogen(N_(2))gas adversely affect the performance of ammonia production.These hurdles result in low Faradaic efficiency and low ammonia production rate,which pose obstacles to the commercialisation of the process.Researchers have been actively designing and proposing various electrocatalysts to address these issues,but challenges still need to be resolved.A key strategy in electrocatalyst design lies in understanding the underlying mechanisms that govern the success or failure of the electrocatalyst in driving the electrochemical reaction.Through mechanistic studies,we gain valuable insights into the factors affecting the reaction,enabling us to propose optimised designs to overcome the barriers.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various mechanisms involved in eNRR on the electrocatalyst surface.It delves into the various mechanisms such as dissociative,associative,Mars-van Krevelen,lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and surface hydrogenation mechanisms of nitrogen reduction.By unravelling the intricacies of eNRR mechanisms and exploring promising avenues,we can pave the way for more efficient and commercially viable ammonia synthesis through this sustainable electrochemical process by designing an efficient electrocatalyst.展开更多
The envisaged design and developme nt of individual mate rials to excavate a broader spectrum of desired properties and offer multiple applications are highly necessitating.Keeping this in mind,a series of forsterite-...The envisaged design and developme nt of individual mate rials to excavate a broader spectrum of desired properties and offer multiple applications are highly necessitating.Keeping this in mind,a series of forsterite-structured Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanophosphors was synthesized via a solution combustion method using oxalyl dihydrazide as a fuel.The X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the orthorhombic crystal system with a Puma space group.Morphological results clearly show irregularly shaped cluster-like structures with aggregation of the particles.Employing diffuse reflectance spectra,the optical energy band gap of the Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanophosphors was estimated and obtained to be~4.12-4.32 eV.The photoluminescence emission spectra exhibit intense peaks at^(5)79,589,610,661,and 707 nm,which are due to characteristic^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(0),^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1),^(5)Do→^(7)F_(2),^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(3)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(4)transitions of Eu^(3+)ions,respectively.The Commission International de L'Eclairage color coordinates are gradually tuned from pale red(0.5980,0.4012)to a pure red(0.6385,0.3611)region.Thermoluminescence glow peaks showcase excellent super-linear response at low doses ofγ-irradiations,indicating that the prepared phosphor can be used in thermoluminescent personal dosimetry which is a biological tissue equivalent.The aforementioned results demonstrate that the prepared Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanophosphors are considered an excellent candidate for dual applications,i.e.,red component in future generation white-light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)and personal dosimetric applications.展开更多
Hydrological modeling plays a crucial role in efficiently managing water resources and understanding the hydrologic behavior of watersheds. This study aims to simulate daily streamflow in the Godavari River Basin in M...Hydrological modeling plays a crucial role in efficiently managing water resources and understanding the hydrologic behavior of watersheds. This study aims to simulate daily streamflow in the Godavari River Basin in Maharashtra using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). SWAT is a process-based hydrological model used to predict water balance components, sediment levels, and nutrient contamination. In this research, we used integrated remote sensing and GIS data, including Digital Elevation Models (DEM), land use and land cover (LULC) maps, soil maps, and observed precipitation and temperature data, as input for developing the SWAT model to assess surface runoff in this large river basin. The Godavari River Basin under study was divided into 25 sub-basins, comprising 151 hydrological response units categorized by unique land cover, soil, and slope characteristics using the SWAT model. The model was calibrated and validated against observed runoff data for two time periods: 2003-2006 and 2007-2010 respectively. Model performance was assessed using the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and the coefficient of determination (R2). The results show the effectiveness of the SWAT2012 model, with R2 value of 0.84 during calibration and 0.86 during validation. NSE values also ranged from 0.84 during calibration to 0.85 during validation. These findings enhance our understanding of surface runoff dynamics in the Godavari River Basin under study and highlight the suit-ability of the SWAT model for this region.展开更多
The present study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of lanthanum(La^(3+))-doped calcium nanoferrites(CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4):x=0.025,0.050,0.075 and 0.100)using the sonochemical method.Various techniques wer...The present study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of lanthanum(La^(3+))-doped calcium nanoferrites(CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4):x=0.025,0.050,0.075 and 0.100)using the sonochemical method.Various techniques were employed to analyze the effect of La^(3+)infusion,Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of active A_(1g),T_(2g)and E_g modes in the CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)nanoferrite,indicating the formation of an active ferrite system.The introduction of La^(3+)doping results in a significant increase in the band gap energy,rendering the nanoferrites insulating(3.23-3,57 eV).At higher frequencies,the impedance studies reveal minimal losses and better AC conductivity,pointing to improved dielectric characteristics.At higher frequencies,the Q-factor of La-doped calcium nanoferrites shows lower electromagnetic losses.The M-H curve exhibits ferromagnetic behavior,with La^(3+)-doped calcium nano ferrites displaying a saturation magnetization ranging from 12.72 to 18.10 emu/g.The incorporation of La^(3+)also induces enhanced electrical polarization,leading to notable dielectric loss and increased absorption of electromagnetic waves.Consequently,these CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)nanoferrites demonstrate potential as effective microwave absorbers across a wide frequency range,with significant shielding absorption observed at 8.8-9.1 GHz.展开更多
Objective： To determine the clinical serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 （CA19-9）, individually and in combination, for the diagnosis of 50 healthy subjects and 150 cases ...Objective： To determine the clinical serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 （CA19-9）, individually and in combination, for the diagnosis of 50 healthy subjects and 150 cases of esophageal, gastric, and colon cancers. Methods： The sensitivities of the two markers were compared individually and in combination, with specificity set at 100%. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves were plotted. Results： Serum CEA levels were significantly higher in cancer patients than in the control group. The sensitivity of CEA was determined： in esophageal cancer, sensitivity=28%, negative predictive value （NPV）=61.72%, and AUC=0.742 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level of P〈0.0001; in gastric cancer, sensitivity=30%, NPV=58.82%, and AUC=0.734 （SE=0.0S）, with a significance level of P〈0.0001; in colon cancer, sensitivity=74%, NPV=79.36%, and AUC=0.856 （SE=0.04）, with a significance level of P〈0.0001. The sensitivity of CA19-9 was also evaluated： in esophageal cancer, sensitivity=18%, NPV=54.94%, and AUC=0.573 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level of P=0.2054. In gastric cancer, sensitivity=42%, NPV=63.29%, and AUC=0.679 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level of P〈0.0011. In colon cancer, sensitivity=26%, NPV=57.47%, and AUC=0.S80 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level ofP=0.1670. The following were the sensitivities of CEA/CA19-9 combined： in esophageal cancer, sensitivity=42%, NPV=63.29%, SE=0.078 （95% CI： 0.0159-0.322）; gastric cancer, sensitivity=S8%, NPV=70.42%, SE=0.072 （9$% CI： -0.0866-0.198）; and colon cancer, sensitivity=72%, NPV=78.12%, SE=0.070 （9S% CI： 0.137-0.415）. Conclusion： CEA exhibited the highest sensitivity for colon cancer, and CA19-9 exhibited the highest sensitivity for gastric cancer. Combined analysis indicated an increase in diagnostic sensitivity in esophageal and gastric cancer compared with that in colon cancer.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the cytotoxicity and hepatoprotective potentials of extracts,fractions or isolated compound from the leaves of Feronia limonia(F.limonia).Methods:Qualitative phytochemical analysis of extracts,fr...Objective:To evaluate the cytotoxicity and hepatoprotective potentials of extracts,fractions or isolated compound from the leaves of Feronia limonia(F.limonia).Methods:Qualitative phytochemical analysis of extracts,fractions or compound was performed by means of thin layer chromatography and spectroscopic assays.The%purity of compound was measured by analytical HPLC.Extracts,fractions or compound have been individually evaluated for their cytotoxicity effects(10,20,100,250,500,750 and 1 000 μg/mL).Based on the inhibitory concentration(IC_(50)) obtained from the cell viability assay,graded concentrations of extracts,fractions or isolated compound were assessed(10,20,50,100,200 μg/mL) for its hepatoprotective potential against CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity by monitoring activity levels of serum glutamatic pyruvatic transaminase(SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT).Results:Results indicated that the methanol extract of F.limonia was non-toxic and hepatoprotective in nature as compared with the petroleum ether extract.The acetone fraction of methanolic extract also showed similar properties but the subsequent two fractions were cytotoxic.However,the pure compound isolated from the penultimate fraction of methanolic extract was non-toxic and hepatoprotective in nature.Biochemical investigations(SCOT,SCPT) further corroborated these cytological observations.Conclusions:It can be concluded from this study that F.limonia methanol extract,some fractions and pure isolated compound herein exhibit hepatoprotective activity.However,cytotoxicity recorded in the penultimate fraction and investigation of structural details of pure compound warrants further study.展开更多
AIM: Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis and inflammation. Primary PSCs can be subcultured only several times because of their limited growth pote...AIM: Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis and inflammation. Primary PSCs can be subcultured only several times because of their limited growth potential. A continuous cell line may therefore be valuable in studying molecular mechanisms of these pancreatic disorders. The aim of this study was to establish a cell line of rat PSCs by spontaneous immortalization.METHODS: PSCs were isolated from the pancreas of male Wistar rats, and conventional subcultivation was performed repeatedly. Telomerase activity was measured using the telomere repeat amplification protocol. Activation of transcription factors was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases was examined by Western blotting using anti-phosphospecific antibodies. Expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 was determined by enzyme immunoassay.RESULTS: Conventional subcultivation yielded actively growing cells. One clone was obtained after limiting dilution,and designated as SIPS. This cell line has been passaged repeatedly more than 2 years, and is thus likely immortalized.SIPS cells retained morphological characteristics of primary,culture-activated PSCs. SIPS expressed α-smooth muscle actin, glial acidic fibrillary protein, vimentin, desmin, type Ⅰ collagen, fibronectin, and prolyl hydroxylases. Telomerase activity and p53 expression were negative. Proliferation of SIPS cells was serum-dependent, and stimulated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB through the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Interleukin-1β activated nuclear factor-κB, activator protein-1, and MAP kinases.Interleukin-1β induced cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 expression through the activation of nuclear factor-κB and MAP kinases.CONCLUSION: SIPS cells can be useful for in vitro studies of cell biology and signal transduction of PSCs.展开更多
A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of lisinopril(LIS) and hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) in human plasma using their...A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of lisinopril(LIS) and hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) in human plasma using their labeled internal standards(ISs). Sample pre-treatment involved solid phase extraction on Waters Oasis HLB cartridges using 100 μL of plasma, followed by liquid chromatography on Hypersil Gold C_(18)(50 mm×3.0 mm, 5 μm) column. The analytes were eluted within 2.0 min using acetonitrile-5.0 m M ammonium formate, p H 4.5(85:15, v/v) as the mobile phase. The analytes and ISs were analyzed in the negative ionization mode and quantified using multiple reaction monitoring. The method showed excellent linearity over the concentration range of 0.50–250.0 ng/m L for both the analytes. The intra-batch and inter-batch precision(% CV) was ≤5.26% and their extraction recoveries were in the range of 96.6%–103.1%. Matrix effect evaluated in terms of IS-normalized matrix factors ranged from 0.97 to 1.03 for both the analytes. The validated method was successfully applied to determine the plasma concentration of the drugs using 10 mg lisinopril and 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide fixed dose formulation in 18 healthy Indian volunteers.展开更多
Lithium calcium borate （LiCaBO3） polycrystalline thermoluminescence （TL） phosphor doped with rare earth （Tb3＋ and Dy3＋） elements was synthesized by novel solution combustion synthesis. The reaction produced ve...Lithium calcium borate （LiCaBO3） polycrystalline thermoluminescence （TL） phosphor doped with rare earth （Tb3＋ and Dy3＋） elements was synthesized by novel solution combustion synthesis. The reaction produced very stable crystalline LiCaBO3：D（D=Tb3＋ and Dy3＋） phosphors. These rare earth doped phosphors material showed maximum TL sensitivity with favorable glow curve shape. TL glow curve of X-ray irradiated that LiCaBO3：Tb3＋ and LiCaBO3：Dy3＋ samples showed two major well-separated glow peaks. The TL sensitivity of these phosphors to X-ray radiation was comparable with that of TLD-100（Harshaw）. Photoluminescence spectra of LiCaBO3：Tb3＋ and LiCaBO3：Dy3＋ showed the characteristic Tb3＋ and Dy3＋ peaks respectively. TL response to X-ray radiation dose was linear up to 25 Gy.展开更多
Nanotechnology deals with particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm in size called as nanoparticles.These nano particles exhibit unique properties which find an application in many industries and medical fields.A growing bod...Nanotechnology deals with particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm in size called as nanoparticles.These nano particles exhibit unique properties which find an application in many industries and medical fields.A growing body of evidence points out the newer developing technologies adopted in the field of medicine in terms of target therapies,imaging systems,drug deliveries,etc.is through the incorporation of nanoparticles.Cerium oxide nanoparticles have gained attention in the last decade due to exceptional properties such as redox activity,biofilm inhibition,antibacterial activity,anti-inflammatory activity,etc.The method of synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles plays a pivotal role in its application.It exhibits redox properties and catalytic activity and thus has found its use in biomedical applications.Nanoparticles are incorporated into dental materials such as restorative cements/sealants,adhesives,and denture systems to improve their properties.Among the various metal oxide nanoparticles,ce rium oxide nanoparticles(CeO_(2)NPs)are known to exhibit lower toxicity to mammalian cells and possess unique antibacterial mechanism.In addition,they exhibit potent properties such as antitumor,antiinflammatory,antibacterial activities,and functions as an immunosensor.CeO_(2)NPs have excellent scavenging properties for reactive oxygen species,which is why they are being considered for therapeutic purposes.In this review,various methods of synthesis of CeO_(2)NPs are discussed.Several factors that determine the particle size and morphology of these materials are important for biomedical and dental applications.Emphasis is given to preparation methods and variables such as calcination temperature,which have a profound effect on particle size and morphology.This article also presents various applications of CeO_(2)NPs in the biomedical and dental fields.展开更多
Mg alloys are emerging as potential and very promising alternatives for replacing permanent metallic implant materials such as steels and titanium in applications where the implants need to be removed following healin...Mg alloys are emerging as potential and very promising alternatives for replacing permanent metallic implant materials such as steels and titanium in applications where the implants need to be removed following healing through revision surgery.Use of Mg alloys for implant application is seen as a game changer and Mg alloys are almost perfect materials for the future in both engineering and biomedical applications.Present review therefore focuses on highlighting significance of Mg alloys in biomedical field and risks of using permanent metallic implants particularly when the implants are no longer required after the injury is healed.In this review,importance of orthopedic implants in present scenario,serious concern related to accidents that are causing permanent disabilities,demand in orthopedic implant market worldwide,potential applications of Mg based materials and their compatibility in biological environment is presented and discussed.In addition,degradation rate,major reactions associated with Mg based materials and effect of alloying elements on implant performance are also discussed based on in-vivo results.Recent advances in development of Mg alloys through various techniques and their performance in in-vitro conditions are also outlined.Possible ways to eliminate the limitations of Mg alloys include alloying,melt purification,surface alterations,surface modifications,chemical treatment,secondary processing etc.are discussed.Challenges and opportunities for Mg alloys to become ideal implant material is also addressed.展开更多
文摘A study was carried out in Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Campus Aurangabad, Maharashtra State, India for analyzing the prevalence of Muscardine disease during rainy, winter and summer season in bivoltine x bivoltine hybrids viz. CSR2 × CSR4, CSR4 × CSR2 and multi × bivoltine hybrid PM × CSR2. Observation on Muscardine disease was recorded till the onset of spinning. Analysis of results shows that disease prevalence was more in bivoltine x bivoltine hybrids compare to multi × bivoltine hybrids. PM × CSR2 was found to be more resistant towards Muscardine disease compared to other hybrids under agro-climatic conditions of Aurangabad.
文摘The age at which a woman enters natural menopause has also been associated to death from any cause.Menopause is a natural component of aging that happens between the ages of 45 and 55,with the average menopausal age being 51.Previous research has revealed the age at which women reach menopause,but there is no evidence to support the link between menopause and longevity.We made a study in assessing the limits of maximum lifespan at menopausal age in our previous article.In this paper,we aim to predict the maximum lifespan of women at mean menopausal age.
文摘The exponential growth of over-the-top(OTT)entertainment has fueled a surge in content consumption across diverse formats,especially in regional Indian languages.With the Indian film industry producing over 1500 films annually in more than 20 languages,personalized recommendations are essential to highlight relevant content.To overcome the limitations of traditional recommender systems-such as static latent vectors,poor handling of cold-start scenarios,and the absence of uncertainty modeling-we propose a deep Collaborative Neural Generative Embedding(C-NGE)model.C-NGE dynamically learns user and item representations by integrating rating information and metadata features in a unified neural framework.It uses metadata as sampled noise and applies the reparameterization trick to capture latent patterns better and support predictions for new users or items without retraining.We evaluate CNGE on the Indian Regional Movies(IRM)dataset,along with MovieLens 100 K and 1 M.Results show that our model consistently outperforms several existing methods,and its extensibility allows for incorporating additional signals like user reviews and multimodal data to enhance recommendation quality.
文摘In the current study novel magnetic BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)heterojunction nanocomposites fabricated by chemical precipitation method for Acid Violet 7(AV 7)and Reactive Red 120(RR 120)dye degradation under sunlight are presented.The samples were well characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDAX),UV-visible near infrared(NIR),photoluminescence(PL),TRF,EIS,Mott-Schottky,and BET analysis.X-ray diffractograms of BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)nanocomposites authenticate the formation of the composite composed of diffraction peaks of both BiOBr and Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)samples.Photoluminescence(PL),Time Resolved Fluorescence Spectrocopy(TRF)and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS)investigations were explored to examine the transfer efficiency of photoinduced charge carriers.Among the synthesized materials,the BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)-2 nanocomposite presents superior degradation capability for RR 120 of 87.34%and AV 7 dyes of 98.41%.The apparent rate constant(k)value of 0.1317 min^(-1)for AV 7 is sixteen times higher and RR 120(0.0135 min^(-1))is 2 times higher than pristine BiOBr.The radical trapping experiments also proved the role of photogenerated h^(+),O_(2)·^(-),and·OH radicals in the degradation mechanism.The superior performance of BiOBr-Gd^(3+)doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)-2 is ascribed to the formation of the heterostructure,the in-built electric field,and energy-band alignment,which thermodynamically and kinetically favors the photoactivity and stability of the heterojunction.
基金Department of Chemistry,School of Applied Sciences,REVA University,Bangalore for providing seed money(RU:EST:CH:2022/20).
文摘Modifying the surface structures of g-C_(3)N_(4) through interfacial coupling with other semiconductors has been spotlighted as an efficient approach for improving photocatalytic efficiency.With the surge of S-scheme heterojunctions,the research is intensified towards designing this kind of composite for energy-environmental-related applications.In this context,a new approach involving surface modifications of g-C_(3)N_(4) through Gd species and integrating with monoclinic-WO_(3) via a wet chemical approach to form S-scheme heterojunctions is investigated.The characterization results attested that the adopted protocol promotes the better dispersion of Gd species over the g-C_(3)N_(4) surface and rigidly integrates with WO_(3).The optical response of the composite spanned a significant portion of the visible region in the solar spec-trum.The computational studies and the findings of the Mott-Schottky plot collectively suggested that the position of band edges qualifies for the formation of S-scheme heterojunction.The results derived from photocurrent response measurements and photoluminescence technique attribute to the effective charge carrier separation in the heterostructure.The rate constant of Gd-g-C_(3)N_(4)/WO_(3) was 1.48×10^(-2) min^(-1) which was approximately 4.35 and 2.27 times greater than that of WO_(3)(0.34×10^(-2) min^(-1))and g-C_(3)N_(4)/WO_(3)(0.65×10^(-2) min^(-1))respectively.Furthermore,RhB degradation in the presence of scav-engers validated the participation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in the degradation mechanisms.This was possible only when the conduction band electrons of WO_(3) recombined with the valence band holes of Gd-modified g-C_(3)N_(4).The present work helps to understand the S-scheme heterojunction forma-tion between surface-modified g-C_(3)N_(4) and metal oxides and retain the involvement of energetic charge carriers in the desired redox reactions.
文摘A combination of hard(SiCP)and soft(fly ash)particulate reinforcements could be a strategy to enhance combination of multiple properties of Magnesium and its alloys which otherwise suffer from low stiffness,low wear resistance,and many other critical properties.However,at present a comprehensive and robust map correlating different properties in particle-reinforced composites is much lacking.In this work,an industrial grade AZ91 magnesium alloy reinforced with hard SiC and soft fly ash particles(with 3 vol.%each),has been prepared using stir casting followed by hot extrusion at 325℃with a ratio of 21.5.Microstructure of the hybrid composite was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopes.The composite exhibited a reduction in average grain size from 13.6 to 7.1μm,concomitantly an increase in Vickers hardness from 73 to 111 HV.The tension-compression yield asymmetry ratios of the unreinforced alloy and hybrid composite were 1.165 and 0.976,respectively indicating higher yield strength for the composite under compressive load.The composite exhibited 76%improvement in damping capacity under time sweep mode,and 28%improvement at 423 K under temperature sweep mode.The tribological characteristics of the composite under dry sliding conditions at sliding speeds and loads in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 m s^(-1)and 10 to 30 N,respectively showed higher wear resistance than the unreinforced alloy.The composite showed 23%improvement in sliding wear resistance at a load of 20 N and a speed of 1 m s^(-1).Finally,efforts have been made to understand the influence of one property on the other by developing statistical property correlation maps from the properties obtained in this study and from the literature.These maps are expected to help in the design of hybrid Metal Matrix Composites for a variety of targeted applications in different sectors.
基金supported by the Australian Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (Project AISRF48490) grantIndo-Australian Biotechnology Fund (BT/Indo-Aus/09/03/2015) provided by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India。
文摘Salinity tissue tolerance is a key trait that confers adaptive potential in halophytic species.The aim of this study was to understand the mechanistic basis of salinity tissue tolerance in the Oryza coarctata,a halophytic wild relative of cultivated rice Oryza sativa,to be then used as novel targets for improving salinity stress tolerance of O.sativa.Salinity led to ~80% decline in mesophyll cell viability in cultivated rice,whereas only 15% reduction was observed in the wild rice.In response to NaCl treatments,mesophyll cells of O.coarctata showed less Na^(+) uptake and better K^(+) retention than cultivated rice.Pharmacological experiments suggested that salinity-induced Na^(+) uptake and K^(+) loss in O.coarctata were mediated by non-selective cation channels(NSCCs) while K^(+) loss in cultivated rice was mediated predominantly by GORK(guard cell outward-rectifying K^(+)) channels.Salt treatment resulted in a depolarization of the plasma membrane(PM) in O.sativa.In contrast,O.coarctata had NaCl dose-dependent hyperpolarization in the mesophyll cells,due to its higher preference for Cl^(-)uptake.This difference in plant ionic relations was partially attributable to differences in transcriptional expression levels of Potassium transporter 1(AKT1),Salt overly sensitive 1(SOS1),Sodium transporter OsHKT1;4,and Chloride channel(OsCLC1).It is concluded that O.coarctata possesses a strong ability to discriminate between Cl^(-)and Na^(+) uptake(a trait lacking in cultivated rice) and use it to maintain negative membrane potential(MP) values without activating H^(+)-ATPase,thus enabling more efficient K^(+) retention in mesophyll with low energy costs.The above traits should be considered as potential targets in the rice breeding program for salt tolerance enhancement.
基金Project supported by the DST-FIST Program for Higher Education Institutions of India(No. SR/FST/MS-I/2018/23(C))。
文摘The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The combination approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and thermal characteristics of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, excluding the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity. These two properties are inferred by means of the interpolation method based on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) is adopted to solve the conundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those numerical simulation results, indicating that this research is reliable. The influence of diverse factors on the thermal overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furthermore, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the combination of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the combination of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The temperature at the fin tip increases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet number increases by 400%, while decreases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman number increases by 400%.
基金the Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB),Government of India for funding this work(Sanction No.EEQ/2021/001116)。
文摘The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)holds significant promise as a sustainable alternative to the conventional large-scale Haber Bosch process,offering a carbon footprint-free approach for ammonia synthesis.While the process is thermodynamically feasible at ambient temperature and pressure,challenges such as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction,low nitrogen solubility in electrolytes,and the activation of inert dinitrogen(N_(2))gas adversely affect the performance of ammonia production.These hurdles result in low Faradaic efficiency and low ammonia production rate,which pose obstacles to the commercialisation of the process.Researchers have been actively designing and proposing various electrocatalysts to address these issues,but challenges still need to be resolved.A key strategy in electrocatalyst design lies in understanding the underlying mechanisms that govern the success or failure of the electrocatalyst in driving the electrochemical reaction.Through mechanistic studies,we gain valuable insights into the factors affecting the reaction,enabling us to propose optimised designs to overcome the barriers.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various mechanisms involved in eNRR on the electrocatalyst surface.It delves into the various mechanisms such as dissociative,associative,Mars-van Krevelen,lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and surface hydrogenation mechanisms of nitrogen reduction.By unravelling the intricacies of eNRR mechanisms and exploring promising avenues,we can pave the way for more efficient and commercially viable ammonia synthesis through this sustainable electrochemical process by designing an efficient electrocatalyst.
基金Project supported by the Department of Science&Technology(DST)(Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB)-Core Research Grant(CRG))Government of India(CRG/2020/006446)。
文摘The envisaged design and developme nt of individual mate rials to excavate a broader spectrum of desired properties and offer multiple applications are highly necessitating.Keeping this in mind,a series of forsterite-structured Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanophosphors was synthesized via a solution combustion method using oxalyl dihydrazide as a fuel.The X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the orthorhombic crystal system with a Puma space group.Morphological results clearly show irregularly shaped cluster-like structures with aggregation of the particles.Employing diffuse reflectance spectra,the optical energy band gap of the Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanophosphors was estimated and obtained to be~4.12-4.32 eV.The photoluminescence emission spectra exhibit intense peaks at^(5)79,589,610,661,and 707 nm,which are due to characteristic^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(0),^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1),^(5)Do→^(7)F_(2),^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(3)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(4)transitions of Eu^(3+)ions,respectively.The Commission International de L'Eclairage color coordinates are gradually tuned from pale red(0.5980,0.4012)to a pure red(0.6385,0.3611)region.Thermoluminescence glow peaks showcase excellent super-linear response at low doses ofγ-irradiations,indicating that the prepared phosphor can be used in thermoluminescent personal dosimetry which is a biological tissue equivalent.The aforementioned results demonstrate that the prepared Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanophosphors are considered an excellent candidate for dual applications,i.e.,red component in future generation white-light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)and personal dosimetric applications.
文摘Hydrological modeling plays a crucial role in efficiently managing water resources and understanding the hydrologic behavior of watersheds. This study aims to simulate daily streamflow in the Godavari River Basin in Maharashtra using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). SWAT is a process-based hydrological model used to predict water balance components, sediment levels, and nutrient contamination. In this research, we used integrated remote sensing and GIS data, including Digital Elevation Models (DEM), land use and land cover (LULC) maps, soil maps, and observed precipitation and temperature data, as input for developing the SWAT model to assess surface runoff in this large river basin. The Godavari River Basin under study was divided into 25 sub-basins, comprising 151 hydrological response units categorized by unique land cover, soil, and slope characteristics using the SWAT model. The model was calibrated and validated against observed runoff data for two time periods: 2003-2006 and 2007-2010 respectively. Model performance was assessed using the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and the coefficient of determination (R2). The results show the effectiveness of the SWAT2012 model, with R2 value of 0.84 during calibration and 0.86 during validation. NSE values also ranged from 0.84 during calibration to 0.85 during validation. These findings enhance our understanding of surface runoff dynamics in the Godavari River Basin under study and highlight the suit-ability of the SWAT model for this region.
基金Project supported by the Strategic Academic Leadership Program of the Southern Federal University(Priority 2030)。
文摘The present study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of lanthanum(La^(3+))-doped calcium nanoferrites(CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4):x=0.025,0.050,0.075 and 0.100)using the sonochemical method.Various techniques were employed to analyze the effect of La^(3+)infusion,Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of active A_(1g),T_(2g)and E_g modes in the CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)nanoferrite,indicating the formation of an active ferrite system.The introduction of La^(3+)doping results in a significant increase in the band gap energy,rendering the nanoferrites insulating(3.23-3,57 eV).At higher frequencies,the impedance studies reveal minimal losses and better AC conductivity,pointing to improved dielectric characteristics.At higher frequencies,the Q-factor of La-doped calcium nanoferrites shows lower electromagnetic losses.The M-H curve exhibits ferromagnetic behavior,with La^(3+)-doped calcium nano ferrites displaying a saturation magnetization ranging from 12.72 to 18.10 emu/g.The incorporation of La^(3+)also induces enhanced electrical polarization,leading to notable dielectric loss and increased absorption of electromagnetic waves.Consequently,these CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)nanoferrites demonstrate potential as effective microwave absorbers across a wide frequency range,with significant shielding absorption observed at 8.8-9.1 GHz.
基金the financial support provided by the Biotechnology Information Service–Sub-Distributed Information Centre(supported by the Department of Biotechnology,Government of India)Advanced Bioinformatics Centre(supported by the Government of Rajasthan)at Birla Institute of Scientific Research for the infrastructure and facilities for conducting statistical work
文摘Objective： To determine the clinical serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 （CA19-9）, individually and in combination, for the diagnosis of 50 healthy subjects and 150 cases of esophageal, gastric, and colon cancers. Methods： The sensitivities of the two markers were compared individually and in combination, with specificity set at 100%. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves were plotted. Results： Serum CEA levels were significantly higher in cancer patients than in the control group. The sensitivity of CEA was determined： in esophageal cancer, sensitivity=28%, negative predictive value （NPV）=61.72%, and AUC=0.742 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level of P〈0.0001; in gastric cancer, sensitivity=30%, NPV=58.82%, and AUC=0.734 （SE=0.0S）, with a significance level of P〈0.0001; in colon cancer, sensitivity=74%, NPV=79.36%, and AUC=0.856 （SE=0.04）, with a significance level of P〈0.0001. The sensitivity of CA19-9 was also evaluated： in esophageal cancer, sensitivity=18%, NPV=54.94%, and AUC=0.573 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level of P=0.2054. In gastric cancer, sensitivity=42%, NPV=63.29%, and AUC=0.679 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level of P〈0.0011. In colon cancer, sensitivity=26%, NPV=57.47%, and AUC=0.S80 （SE=0.05）, with a significance level ofP=0.1670. The following were the sensitivities of CEA/CA19-9 combined： in esophageal cancer, sensitivity=42%, NPV=63.29%, SE=0.078 （95% CI： 0.0159-0.322）; gastric cancer, sensitivity=S8%, NPV=70.42%, SE=0.072 （9$% CI： -0.0866-0.198）; and colon cancer, sensitivity=72%, NPV=78.12%, SE=0.070 （9S% CI： 0.137-0.415）. Conclusion： CEA exhibited the highest sensitivity for colon cancer, and CA19-9 exhibited the highest sensitivity for gastric cancer. Combined analysis indicated an increase in diagnostic sensitivity in esophageal and gastric cancer compared with that in colon cancer.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the cytotoxicity and hepatoprotective potentials of extracts,fractions or isolated compound from the leaves of Feronia limonia(F.limonia).Methods:Qualitative phytochemical analysis of extracts,fractions or compound was performed by means of thin layer chromatography and spectroscopic assays.The%purity of compound was measured by analytical HPLC.Extracts,fractions or compound have been individually evaluated for their cytotoxicity effects(10,20,100,250,500,750 and 1 000 μg/mL).Based on the inhibitory concentration(IC_(50)) obtained from the cell viability assay,graded concentrations of extracts,fractions or isolated compound were assessed(10,20,50,100,200 μg/mL) for its hepatoprotective potential against CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity by monitoring activity levels of serum glutamatic pyruvatic transaminase(SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT).Results:Results indicated that the methanol extract of F.limonia was non-toxic and hepatoprotective in nature as compared with the petroleum ether extract.The acetone fraction of methanolic extract also showed similar properties but the subsequent two fractions were cytotoxic.However,the pure compound isolated from the penultimate fraction of methanolic extract was non-toxic and hepatoprotective in nature.Biochemical investigations(SCOT,SCPT) further corroborated these cytological observations.Conclusions:It can be concluded from this study that F.limonia methanol extract,some fractions and pure isolated compound herein exhibit hepatoprotective activity.However,cytotoxicity recorded in the penultimate fraction and investigation of structural details of pure compound warrants further study.
基金Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(to A.M.)Pancreas Research Foundation of Japan(to A.M.)
文摘AIM: Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis and inflammation. Primary PSCs can be subcultured only several times because of their limited growth potential. A continuous cell line may therefore be valuable in studying molecular mechanisms of these pancreatic disorders. The aim of this study was to establish a cell line of rat PSCs by spontaneous immortalization.METHODS: PSCs were isolated from the pancreas of male Wistar rats, and conventional subcultivation was performed repeatedly. Telomerase activity was measured using the telomere repeat amplification protocol. Activation of transcription factors was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases was examined by Western blotting using anti-phosphospecific antibodies. Expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 was determined by enzyme immunoassay.RESULTS: Conventional subcultivation yielded actively growing cells. One clone was obtained after limiting dilution,and designated as SIPS. This cell line has been passaged repeatedly more than 2 years, and is thus likely immortalized.SIPS cells retained morphological characteristics of primary,culture-activated PSCs. SIPS expressed α-smooth muscle actin, glial acidic fibrillary protein, vimentin, desmin, type Ⅰ collagen, fibronectin, and prolyl hydroxylases. Telomerase activity and p53 expression were negative. Proliferation of SIPS cells was serum-dependent, and stimulated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB through the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Interleukin-1β activated nuclear factor-κB, activator protein-1, and MAP kinases.Interleukin-1β induced cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 expression through the activation of nuclear factor-κB and MAP kinases.CONCLUSION: SIPS cells can be useful for in vitro studies of cell biology and signal transduction of PSCs.
基金University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India for BSR fellowship F 4-1/2009 (BSR)/7-74/2007the Department of Chemistry, Gujarat University
文摘A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of lisinopril(LIS) and hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) in human plasma using their labeled internal standards(ISs). Sample pre-treatment involved solid phase extraction on Waters Oasis HLB cartridges using 100 μL of plasma, followed by liquid chromatography on Hypersil Gold C_(18)(50 mm×3.0 mm, 5 μm) column. The analytes were eluted within 2.0 min using acetonitrile-5.0 m M ammonium formate, p H 4.5(85:15, v/v) as the mobile phase. The analytes and ISs were analyzed in the negative ionization mode and quantified using multiple reaction monitoring. The method showed excellent linearity over the concentration range of 0.50–250.0 ng/m L for both the analytes. The intra-batch and inter-batch precision(% CV) was ≤5.26% and their extraction recoveries were in the range of 96.6%–103.1%. Matrix effect evaluated in terms of IS-normalized matrix factors ranged from 0.97 to 1.03 for both the analytes. The validated method was successfully applied to determine the plasma concentration of the drugs using 10 mg lisinopril and 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide fixed dose formulation in 18 healthy Indian volunteers.
基金Project supported by University Grant Commission, New Delhi (UGC/F.1/37-332/2009(SR))
文摘Lithium calcium borate （LiCaBO3） polycrystalline thermoluminescence （TL） phosphor doped with rare earth （Tb3＋ and Dy3＋） elements was synthesized by novel solution combustion synthesis. The reaction produced very stable crystalline LiCaBO3：D（D=Tb3＋ and Dy3＋） phosphors. These rare earth doped phosphors material showed maximum TL sensitivity with favorable glow curve shape. TL glow curve of X-ray irradiated that LiCaBO3：Tb3＋ and LiCaBO3：Dy3＋ samples showed two major well-separated glow peaks. The TL sensitivity of these phosphors to X-ray radiation was comparable with that of TLD-100（Harshaw）. Photoluminescence spectra of LiCaBO3：Tb3＋ and LiCaBO3：Dy3＋ showed the characteristic Tb3＋ and Dy3＋ peaks respectively. TL response to X-ray radiation dose was linear up to 25 Gy.
基金Project supported by the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry (ISPPD/2022/111)。
文摘Nanotechnology deals with particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm in size called as nanoparticles.These nano particles exhibit unique properties which find an application in many industries and medical fields.A growing body of evidence points out the newer developing technologies adopted in the field of medicine in terms of target therapies,imaging systems,drug deliveries,etc.is through the incorporation of nanoparticles.Cerium oxide nanoparticles have gained attention in the last decade due to exceptional properties such as redox activity,biofilm inhibition,antibacterial activity,anti-inflammatory activity,etc.The method of synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles plays a pivotal role in its application.It exhibits redox properties and catalytic activity and thus has found its use in biomedical applications.Nanoparticles are incorporated into dental materials such as restorative cements/sealants,adhesives,and denture systems to improve their properties.Among the various metal oxide nanoparticles,ce rium oxide nanoparticles(CeO_(2)NPs)are known to exhibit lower toxicity to mammalian cells and possess unique antibacterial mechanism.In addition,they exhibit potent properties such as antitumor,antiinflammatory,antibacterial activities,and functions as an immunosensor.CeO_(2)NPs have excellent scavenging properties for reactive oxygen species,which is why they are being considered for therapeutic purposes.In this review,various methods of synthesis of CeO_(2)NPs are discussed.Several factors that determine the particle size and morphology of these materials are important for biomedical and dental applications.Emphasis is given to preparation methods and variables such as calcination temperature,which have a profound effect on particle size and morphology.This article also presents various applications of CeO_(2)NPs in the biomedical and dental fields.
文摘Mg alloys are emerging as potential and very promising alternatives for replacing permanent metallic implant materials such as steels and titanium in applications where the implants need to be removed following healing through revision surgery.Use of Mg alloys for implant application is seen as a game changer and Mg alloys are almost perfect materials for the future in both engineering and biomedical applications.Present review therefore focuses on highlighting significance of Mg alloys in biomedical field and risks of using permanent metallic implants particularly when the implants are no longer required after the injury is healed.In this review,importance of orthopedic implants in present scenario,serious concern related to accidents that are causing permanent disabilities,demand in orthopedic implant market worldwide,potential applications of Mg based materials and their compatibility in biological environment is presented and discussed.In addition,degradation rate,major reactions associated with Mg based materials and effect of alloying elements on implant performance are also discussed based on in-vivo results.Recent advances in development of Mg alloys through various techniques and their performance in in-vitro conditions are also outlined.Possible ways to eliminate the limitations of Mg alloys include alloying,melt purification,surface alterations,surface modifications,chemical treatment,secondary processing etc.are discussed.Challenges and opportunities for Mg alloys to become ideal implant material is also addressed.
