New complexes of europium,gadolinium and terbium trinitrates with N,N,N’,N’-tetraalkyl substituted phenanthroline diamides were synthesized.The europium complexes were found to be highly efficient in terms of lumine...New complexes of europium,gadolinium and terbium trinitrates with N,N,N’,N’-tetraalkyl substituted phenanthroline diamides were synthesized.The europium complexes were found to be highly efficient in terms of luminescence properties(max quantum yield=67%).The significant influence of the structure of the ligands on the photophysical characteristics of their complexes was demonstrated.Thus,the incorporation of various substituents(Cl,F,O,OH)into the phenanthroline core causes significant changes in the luminescent behavior of the obtained coordination compounds.We observed significant differences in the energy gap between the excited states S_(1)and T_(1),especially in the L2H.Eu(NO_(3))_(3)and L2FOH.Eu(NO_(3))_(3)complexes,which both demonstrated high overall quantum yields(66%and 67%,respectively).Study of the diffuse reflection spectra of terbium complexes suggested the phenomenon of charge transfer,potentially ligand-to-ligand(LLCT)or intra-ligand(ILCT),rather than ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT).These results highlight the complicated relationship between ligand structure,energy transfer mechanisms and quantum yield in rare earth element complexes,shedding light on ways to optimize their luminescent properties.展开更多
We describe a new species of the genus Tylototriton from Ingyin Taung Mt.,Mohnyin Township,Kachin State,Myanmar,based on morphological and molecular evidence.The new species is assigned to the subgenus Tylototriton s....We describe a new species of the genus Tylototriton from Ingyin Taung Mt.,Mohnyin Township,Kachin State,Myanmar,based on morphological and molecular evidence.The new species is assigned to the subgenus Tylototriton s.str.and is clearly distinct from all known congeners by the following characters:medium body size;thin,long tail,lacking lateral grooves;rough skin;truncate snout;wide,protruding supratemporal bony ridges on head,beginning at anterior corner of orbit;weak,almost indistinct sagittal ridge;long,thin limbs,broadly overlapping when adpressed along body;distinct,wide,non-segmented vertebral ridge;13 or 14 rib nodules;brown to darkbrown background coloration with dull orange-brown to yellowish-brown markings on labial regions,parotoids,rib nodules,whole limbs,vent,and ventral tail ridge.We also briefly discuss biogeography and species diversity of the genus Tylototriton in Myanmar.展开更多
The work deals with the epitaxial PbSe layers grown on the KCl substrates by the method of “hot-wall” molecular epitaxy over the range of layer thicknesses of 20 - 2000 nm. Special emphasis is put on the values of e...The work deals with the epitaxial PbSe layers grown on the KCl substrates by the method of “hot-wall” molecular epitaxy over the range of layer thicknesses of 20 - 2000 nm. Special emphasis is put on the values of elastic deformations that could be generated and frozen in epitaxial layers with the aim of influencing their energy spectra and optical properties. The maximum deformation at layers tension made up 57% of the initial mismatch between the layer and the substrate (ε = Δa/a = 0.015). In such a solid-state structure effective “negative” pressure is realized, which is justified by increase in the tangential lattice constant and the forbidden gap width. This width correlates with the tangential lattice constant (deformation) and corresponds to certain values of definite frequencies of direct electron transitions across the forbidden gap.展开更多
Electron spin resonance （ESR） in polycrystalline diamond films grown by dc arc-jet and microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition is studied. The films with nitrogen impurity concentration up to 8 × 10^18 cm^-...Electron spin resonance （ESR） in polycrystalline diamond films grown by dc arc-jet and microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition is studied. The films with nitrogen impurity concentration up to 8 × 10^18 cm^-3 are also characterized by Raman, cathodoluminescence and optical absorption spectra. The ESR signal from P1 centre with g-factor of 2.0024 （nitrogen impurity atom occupying C site in diamond lattice） is found to exhibit an inversion with increasing the microwave power in an H102 resonator. The spin inversion effect could be of interest for further consideration of N-doped diamonds as a medium for masers operated at room temperature.展开更多
In the territory of the Voronezh region of Russia in ordinary middle loam chernozem the elevated concentration of endogenous hydrogen streams up to 0.65% at the depth of 100 - 120 cm was detected. This phenomenon is o...In the territory of the Voronezh region of Russia in ordinary middle loam chernozem the elevated concentration of endogenous hydrogen streams up to 0.65% at the depth of 100 - 120 cm was detected. This phenomenon is observed in the center of depressions. The soils differ in morphological, chemical and physical properties. The top humus horizon is markedly bleached comparing to the soil outside the depression: The lightness L readings increase for 16% - 30%. The soil acidity (up to pH 4.5 - 5.0) and organic carbon content are elevated comparing to the sample for reference. The proportion of fulvic acids increases on average thrice as compared with the soils outside the hydrogen fluids influence zone. Despite the high humus content the mechanical strength of aggregates decreases 3 - 4 times. Under conditions of hydrogen fluids, changes occur at the aggregate structural level in the direction of decreasing their mechanical strength. In the center of the depressions strength of aggregates is reduced by 2 - 3 times in comparison with the control. The opposite regularity was observed in the absence of hydrogen flows, where the strength of aggregates was 3 times higher than in comparison with the control.展开更多
Nickel-rich LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811) cathode material has been widely concerned due to its high voltage,high specific capacity and excellent rate performance,which is considered as one of the most promi...Nickel-rich LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811) cathode material has been widely concerned due to its high voltage,high specific capacity and excellent rate performance,which is considered as one of the most promising cathode materials for the next generation of high-energy-density solid-state lithium batteries.However,serious electro-chemo-mechanical degradation of Nickel-rich cathode during cycling,especially at a high voltage(over 4.5 V),constrains their large-scale application.Here,using the multiphysical simulation,highly-conductive polymer matrix with spontaneous stress-buffering effect was uncovered theoretically for reinforcing the electrochemical performance of composited NCM81 1 cathode through the visualization of uniform concentration distribution of Li-ion coupled with improved stress field inside NCM811 cathode.Thereupon,polyacrylonitrile(PAN) and soft polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) were selected as the polymer matrix to fabricate the composited NCM811 cathode(PVDFPAN@NCM811) for improving the electrochemical performance of the solid-state NMC811|Li full cells,which can maintain high capacity over 146.2 mA h g^(-1)after 200 cycles at a high voltage of 4.5 V.Suggestively,designing a multifunctional polymer matrix with high ionic conductivity and mechanical property can buffer the stress and maintain the integrity of the structure,which can be regarded as the door-opening avenue to realize the high electrochemical performance of Ni-rich cathode for solidstate batteries.展开更多
We aim to evaluate the incidence of incontinence following laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)comparing en-bloc(Group 1)versus 2-lobe/3-lobe techniques(Group 2).We performed a retrospective review of pat...We aim to evaluate the incidence of incontinence following laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)comparing en-bloc(Group 1)versus 2-lobe/3-lobe techniques(Group 2).We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing EEP for benign prostaticenlargement in 12 centers between January 2020 and January 2022.Data were presented as median and interquartile range(IQR).Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate factors associated with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI).There were 1711 patients in Group 1 and 3357 patients in Group 2.Patients in Group 2were significantly younger(68[62–73]years vs 69[63–74]years,P=0.002).Median(interquartile range)prostate volume(PV)wassimilar between the groups(70[52–92]ml in Group 1 vs 70[54–90]ml in Group 2,P=0.774).There was no difference in preoperativeInternational Prostate Symptom Score,quality of life,or maximum flow rate.Enucleation,morcellation,and total surgical time weresignificantly shorter in Group 1.Within 1 month,overall incontinence rate was 6.3%in Group 1 versus 5.3%in Group 2(P=0.12),and urge incontinence was significantly higher in Group 1(55.1%vs 37.3%in Group 2,P<0.001).After 3 months,the overall rate ofincontinence was 1.7%in Group 1 versus 2.3%in Group 2(P=0.06),and SUI was significantly higher in Group 2(55.6%vs 24.1%in Group 1,P=0.002).At multivariable analysis,PV and IPSS were factors significantly associated with higher odds of transient SUI/MUI.PV,surgical time,and no early apical release technique were factors associated with higher odds of persistent SUI/MUI.展开更多
Algal-cyanobacterial communities, soil nano- and microfauna, and mycelium of micromycetes were studied in soils of an administrative district of Moscow. To characterize the habitat conditions of microbiota in the soil...Algal-cyanobacterial communities, soil nano- and microfauna, and mycelium of micromycetes were studied in soils of an administrative district of Moscow. To characterize the habitat conditions of microbiota in the soils of different functional zones of the city, the acid-base conditions and the contents of exchangeable and water-soluble nitrogen, mobile heavy metals, and soluble salts were determined. The diversity of species of algal-cyanobacterial communities, the composition of the dominant species, the proportions of different ecological groups of diatom algae, the diversity of soil nano- and microfauna, and the abundance of colorless and colored mycelium in the urban soils were characterized. The analysis of these parameters showed that the degree of technogenic impact on soil microbiota decreases in the following sequence of functional zones of the city: industrial > traffic > residential > recreation.展开更多
At present, there is no method for identifying meat frozen in a thermal state acceptable for production control. The role of free nucleotides in the processes of refrigeration and storage of meat, affecting the struct...At present, there is no method for identifying meat frozen in a thermal state acceptable for production control. The role of free nucleotides in the processes of refrigeration and storage of meat, affecting the structural and mechanical properties of muscle tissue, the formation of taste and its biological value is known. In this article we compared methods for identifying the thermal state of meat based on the determination of the composition and content of free nucleotides by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometry [SF]. High-purity reference substances were used: free nucleotides—ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP and nucleosides-inosine and hypoxanthine. It has been experimentally established that the characteristic peaks of the absorption spectra for extracts of free nucleotides of meat frozen depended from thermal state of meat. The content of ATP is 21.8 times higher in meat frozen in a fresh state, and the amount of IMF is 12.3 times lower than in meat frozen after cooling. The results of studies of meat frozen using the HPLC method and the developed SF method show the adequacy of the data obtained by both methods. SF-method based on the determination of the optical density of the extracts of free nucleotides is recommended to justify the choice of technological process meat defrost modes.展开更多
The paper deals the popular news-talk radio station ＂Echo of Moscow＂ which is one of the most interesting and successful one in Moscow FM range. It provides thorough analysis of different previous and nowadays progr...The paper deals the popular news-talk radio station ＂Echo of Moscow＂ which is one of the most interesting and successful one in Moscow FM range. It provides thorough analysis of different previous and nowadays programs and web projects in comparison with main multimedia sphere trends. A particular attention is paid to ＂Echo of Moscow＂ web page as multimedia portal strongly packed with different functions such as its integration with social nets.展开更多
The typology of Ptolemaic royal sculpture has served as a theme of research for a number of scholars who have managed to achieve impressive results:two fundamental works must be mentioned.The earlier is Bildnisse der ...The typology of Ptolemaic royal sculpture has served as a theme of research for a number of scholars who have managed to achieve impressive results:two fundamental works must be mentioned.The earlier is Bildnisse der Ptolemaer by H.Kyrieleis,which established a convincing correspondence between the well-attributed images of the Ptolemaic kings on their coins and their mostly uninscribed sculpted images.'The history of the research reveals that although the corpus of Ptolemaic sculpture gradually expanded,due to new finds and new publications,challenges to specific attributions proposed by Kyrieleis often proved to be a failure?A later work deserving a special mention is Portraits of the Ptolemies by P.E.Stanwick,which proposed a well-founded scheme for the evolution of the Ptolemaic royal sculpture dividing it into nine groups(Groups A-E,G making a chronological sequence,Groups F,H-J uncertain and miscellaneous)'Quite expectedly,a problematic issue is the ultimate motive and final result of shifting from one such group to another:a grouping of objects is largely a formal task,and a scholar performing it is unlikely to concentrate simultaneously on the variety of political,ideological,and religious factors that could lie behind the emergence of the groups indicated.The present article aims to offer a tentative explanation for the shift in the style of Ptolemaic sculpture that took place at the cusp of the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC,i.e.,the transition between Stanwick's "Group A"and "Group B."展开更多
A series of solid solutions with high content of Tb_(2)O_(3)-(Tb_(x)Ti_(1−x))4O_(8−2x)(x=0.667-0.830)are synthesized in the Tb_(2)O_(3)-TiO_(2)system via co-precipitation and/or mechanical activation.This is followed ...A series of solid solutions with high content of Tb_(2)O_(3)-(Tb_(x)Ti_(1−x))4O_(8−2x)(x=0.667-0.830)are synthesized in the Tb_(2)O_(3)-TiO_(2)system via co-precipitation and/or mechanical activation.This is followed by high-temperature annealing for 4-22 h.The X-ray diffrac-tion method showed that the fluorite structure was realized for(Tb_(x)Ti_(1−x))4O_(8−2x)(x=0.75-0.817).The solid solution Tb_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44)(64mol%Tb_(2)O_(3)(x=0.78))with a fluorite structure exhibited a maximum hole conductivity of~22 S/cm at 600℃.To separate the ionic component of the conductivity in the electronic conductor Tb_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44),its high entropy analogue,(La_(0.2)Gd_(0.2)Tm_(0.2)Lu_(0.2)Y_(0.2))_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44),was synthesized in which all rare-earth elements(REE)cations exhibited valency of+3.Consequently,the contribution of ionic(proton)conductivity(~7×10^(−6)S/cm at 600℃)was revealed with respect to the background of dominant hole conductivity.The proton conduct-ivity of high-entropy oxide(HEО)(La_(0.2)Gd_(0.2)Tm_(0.2)Lu_(0.2)Y_(0.2))_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44)was confirmed by the detection of the isotope effect,where the mobility of the heavier O-D ions was lower than that of the O-H hydroxyls,resulting in lower conductivity in D_(2)O vapors when com-pared to H_(2)O.展开更多
Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have stood out in recent years for their great potential in offering low-temperature compatibility,long-term stability and tandem cell suitability.However,challenges persist,partic...Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have stood out in recent years for their great potential in offering low-temperature compatibility,long-term stability and tandem cell suitability.However,challenges persist,particularly concerning the use of nickel oxide nanoparticles(NiO_(x)NPs)as the hole transport material,where issues such as low conductivity,impurity-induced aggregation and interface redox reactions significantly hinder device performance.In response,this study presents a novel synthesis method for NiO_(x)NPs,leveraging the introduction of ammonium salt dopants(NH_(4)Cl and NH_(4)SCN),and the solar cell utilizing the doped NiO_(x)substrate exhibits much enhanced device performance.Furthermore,doped solar cells reach 23.27%power conversion efficiency(PCE)when a self-assembled monolayer(SAM)is further employed.This study provides critical insights into the synthesis and growth pathways of NiO_(x)NPs,propelling the development of efficient hole transport materials for high-performance PSCs.展开更多
Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Resveratrol is a promising compound for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases,including AD.Aims:...Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Resveratrol is a promising compound for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases,including AD.Aims:To investigate mitochondrial damage and the effects of resveratrol on inflammation,cognitive function,and mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice.Methods:Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)damage was conducted between 10-month-old APP/PS1 mice and age-matched C57BL/6 mice.Assessments included measurement of amyloid-βlevels,inflammatory markers,swimming distance in the Morris water maze,and gut microbiome composition.Resveratrol’s effects on cytokine expression,mtDNA levels in plasma,and activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Antioxidant response element(Nrf2/ARE)and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(also known as Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(PI3K/Akt/mTORC1)signaling pathways were also evaluated.Results:APP/PS1 mice exhibited significantly increased mtDNA damage in the prefrontal cortex,midbrain,and cerebellum,alongside higher amyloid-βlevels and inflammatory markers.Resveratrol treatment led to reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,a decrease in Proteobacteria levels,and lower cell-free mtDNA in plasma.Partial improvement in long-term spatial memory was observed in APP/PS1 mice following resveratrol treatment,likely due to its anti-inflammatory properties.Activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and markers of PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 axis activation were noted,with the latter regulating long-term potentiation.Conclusion:Resveratrol demonstrates potential in mitigating inflammation and improving mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice,but it does not reduce amyloid-βlevels,highlighting the complexity of AD pathology and the need for further research.展开更多
Precast concrete structures have gained popularity due to their advantages.However,the seismic performance of their connection joints remains an area of ongoing research and improvement.Grouted Sleeve Connection(GSC)o...Precast concrete structures have gained popularity due to their advantages.However,the seismic performance of their connection joints remains an area of ongoing research and improvement.Grouted Sleeve Connection(GSC)offers a solution for connecting reinforcements in precast components,but their vulnerability to internal defects,such as construction errors and material variability,can significantly impact performance.This article presents a finite element analysis(FEA)to evaluate the impact of internal grouting defects in GSC on the structural performance of precast reinforced concrete columns.Four finite elementmodels representing GSC with varying degrees of defects were used to investigate the effects on mechanical properties,including bearing capacity,stress-deformation behavior,and stiffness degradation.The study highlights the significant impact of internal grouting defects on the mechanical performance of GSC,with findings indicating a decrease in stiffness,increased plastic deformation,and reduced energy dissipation as the proportion of internal defects rises.The analysis reveals that the internal defects in GSC act as stress concentration points,leading to early crack formation and accelerated damage under cyclic loading.By improving construction quality and reducing the prevalence of grouting defects,the adverse effects on the performance of GSC can be mitigated.Compared to defect-free specimens,those with defects of 30%exhibited a 31.23%reduction in horizontal bearing capacity,highlighting the importance of minimizing defects in practical engineering applications.展开更多
This paper presents a standardised workflow for conducting hazard assessments of mass wasting processes in remote mountain areas with limited data.The methodology integrates geomorphological mapping and remote sensing...This paper presents a standardised workflow for conducting hazard assessments of mass wasting processes in remote mountain areas with limited data.The methodology integrates geomorphological mapping and remote sensing techniques and is adaptable to different national standards,thus ensuring its applicability in a variety of contexts.The principal objective is to guarantee the safety of mountainous regions,particularly in the vicinity of essential infrastructure,where the scope for implementing structural measures is restricted.The framework commences with comprehensive geomorphological mapping,which facilitates the identification of past hazardous processes and potential future hazards.New technologies,such as uncrewed aerial vehicles(UAVs),are employed to create high-resolution DEMs,which are particularly beneficial in regions with limited data availability.These models facilitate the assessment of potential hazards and inform decisions regarding protective measures.The utilisation of UAVs enhances the accuracy and efficiency of data collection,particularly in remote mountainous regions where alternative remotely sensed information may be unavailable.The integration of modern approaches into traditional hazard assessment methods allows for a comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution of factors driving mass wasting processes.This workflow provides valuable insights that assist in the prioritisation of interventions and the optimisation of risk reduction in high mountainous areas.展开更多
The mini-review explores the potential use of alginates produced biotechnologically by bacteria for the development of various implantable biomaterials intended for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration in orthopedic...The mini-review explores the potential use of alginates produced biotechnologically by bacteria for the development of various implantable biomaterials intended for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration in orthopedics:the recent studies on the use of algal alginate-based biomaterials in the form of hydrogels,scaffolds,and microparticles for medical applications are considered as a potential opportunity to use bacterial alginate for these applications,taking into account the advantages of biotechnological production of a polymer with desired properties.The methods of producing different alginate-based biomaterials,the manufacturing of implantable medical devices using them,and the surgical techniques for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration using these materials for orthopedic purposes are discussed.展开更多
A new experimental method is developed to investigate the effect of dissolved substances on the evaporation rate of small water droplets suspended in the atmosphere.The laboratory setup is based on converting a genera...A new experimental method is developed to investigate the effect of dissolved substances on the evaporation rate of small water droplets suspended in the atmosphere.The laboratory setup is based on converting a generated droplet jet of complex structure into a directed flow of evaporating droplets falling in a vertical tube.Images of falling droplets captured by a high-speed camera through a window in the vertical channel wall are used to determine the sizes and velocities of individual droplets.The computational modeling of droplet motion and evaporation proved useful at all stages of the experimental work:from selecting the position of the vertical channel to processing the experimental data.It was found that even a 0.1%mass concentration of the dissolved ionic salt KCl has a considerable effect on decreasing the evaporation rate of the droplets.In contrast,a typical fungicide with a mass concentration of 2.5%has only a slight impact on the evaporation rate.The laboratory results enabled the authors to refine the evaporation model of water droplets to account for the presence of dissolved substances.Modified models of this type are expected to be useful in controling crop spraying and also in other potential applications.展开更多
In this work,we studied the persistent photoconductivity(PPC)spectra in single HgTe/CdHgTe quantum wells with different growth parameters and different types of dark conductivity.The studies were performed in a wide r...In this work,we studied the persistent photoconductivity(PPC)spectra in single HgTe/CdHgTe quantum wells with different growth parameters and different types of dark conductivity.The studies were performed in a wide radiation quantum energy range of 0.62–3.1 eV both at T=4.2 K and at T=77 K.Common features of the PPC spectra for all structures were revealed,and their relation to the presence of a CdTe cap layer in all structures and the appropriate cadmium fraction in the CdHgTe barrier layers was shown.One of the features was associated with the presence of a deep level in the CdTe layer.In addition,the oscillatory behavior of the PPC spectra in the region from 0.8–1.1 eV to 1.2–1.5 eV was observed.It is associated with the cascade emission of longitudinal optical phonons in CdHgTe barrier.展开更多
基金support from M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University Program of Development。
文摘New complexes of europium,gadolinium and terbium trinitrates with N,N,N’,N’-tetraalkyl substituted phenanthroline diamides were synthesized.The europium complexes were found to be highly efficient in terms of luminescence properties(max quantum yield=67%).The significant influence of the structure of the ligands on the photophysical characteristics of their complexes was demonstrated.Thus,the incorporation of various substituents(Cl,F,O,OH)into the phenanthroline core causes significant changes in the luminescent behavior of the obtained coordination compounds.We observed significant differences in the energy gap between the excited states S_(1)and T_(1),especially in the L2H.Eu(NO_(3))_(3)and L2FOH.Eu(NO_(3))_(3)complexes,which both demonstrated high overall quantum yields(66%and 67%,respectively).Study of the diffuse reflection spectra of terbium complexes suggested the phenomenon of charge transfer,potentially ligand-to-ligand(LLCT)or intra-ligand(ILCT),rather than ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT).These results highlight the complicated relationship between ligand structure,energy transfer mechanisms and quantum yield in rare earth element complexes,shedding light on ways to optimize their luminescent properties.
基金partially supported by the Russian Science Foundation(19-14-00050)
文摘We describe a new species of the genus Tylototriton from Ingyin Taung Mt.,Mohnyin Township,Kachin State,Myanmar,based on morphological and molecular evidence.The new species is assigned to the subgenus Tylototriton s.str.and is clearly distinct from all known congeners by the following characters:medium body size;thin,long tail,lacking lateral grooves;rough skin;truncate snout;wide,protruding supratemporal bony ridges on head,beginning at anterior corner of orbit;weak,almost indistinct sagittal ridge;long,thin limbs,broadly overlapping when adpressed along body;distinct,wide,non-segmented vertebral ridge;13 or 14 rib nodules;brown to darkbrown background coloration with dull orange-brown to yellowish-brown markings on labial regions,parotoids,rib nodules,whole limbs,vent,and ventral tail ridge.We also briefly discuss biogeography and species diversity of the genus Tylototriton in Myanmar.
文摘The work deals with the epitaxial PbSe layers grown on the KCl substrates by the method of “hot-wall” molecular epitaxy over the range of layer thicknesses of 20 - 2000 nm. Special emphasis is put on the values of elastic deformations that could be generated and frozen in epitaxial layers with the aim of influencing their energy spectra and optical properties. The maximum deformation at layers tension made up 57% of the initial mismatch between the layer and the substrate (ε = Δa/a = 0.015). In such a solid-state structure effective “negative” pressure is realized, which is justified by increase in the tangential lattice constant and the forbidden gap width. This width correlates with the tangential lattice constant (deformation) and corresponds to certain values of definite frequencies of direct electron transitions across the forbidden gap.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 50372007 and 50572007, Russian Fund for Basic Research under Grant Nos 06-02-39031 and 07-03-00956, and Belarus Republic Foundation for Basic Research under Grant No F05-281.
文摘Electron spin resonance （ESR） in polycrystalline diamond films grown by dc arc-jet and microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition is studied. The films with nitrogen impurity concentration up to 8 × 10^18 cm^-3 are also characterized by Raman, cathodoluminescence and optical absorption spectra. The ESR signal from P1 centre with g-factor of 2.0024 （nitrogen impurity atom occupying C site in diamond lattice） is found to exhibit an inversion with increasing the microwave power in an H102 resonator. The spin inversion effect could be of interest for further consideration of N-doped diamonds as a medium for masers operated at room temperature.
文摘In the territory of the Voronezh region of Russia in ordinary middle loam chernozem the elevated concentration of endogenous hydrogen streams up to 0.65% at the depth of 100 - 120 cm was detected. This phenomenon is observed in the center of depressions. The soils differ in morphological, chemical and physical properties. The top humus horizon is markedly bleached comparing to the soil outside the depression: The lightness L readings increase for 16% - 30%. The soil acidity (up to pH 4.5 - 5.0) and organic carbon content are elevated comparing to the sample for reference. The proportion of fulvic acids increases on average thrice as compared with the soils outside the hydrogen fluids influence zone. Despite the high humus content the mechanical strength of aggregates decreases 3 - 4 times. Under conditions of hydrogen fluids, changes occur at the aggregate structural level in the direction of decreasing their mechanical strength. In the center of the depressions strength of aggregates is reduced by 2 - 3 times in comparison with the control. The opposite regularity was observed in the absence of hydrogen flows, where the strength of aggregates was 3 times higher than in comparison with the control.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2020JJ5653)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875282,22102212)+1 种基金the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(07515-2022-1150)the National University of Defense Technology Scientific Research Project(ZK20-44)。
文摘Nickel-rich LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811) cathode material has been widely concerned due to its high voltage,high specific capacity and excellent rate performance,which is considered as one of the most promising cathode materials for the next generation of high-energy-density solid-state lithium batteries.However,serious electro-chemo-mechanical degradation of Nickel-rich cathode during cycling,especially at a high voltage(over 4.5 V),constrains their large-scale application.Here,using the multiphysical simulation,highly-conductive polymer matrix with spontaneous stress-buffering effect was uncovered theoretically for reinforcing the electrochemical performance of composited NCM81 1 cathode through the visualization of uniform concentration distribution of Li-ion coupled with improved stress field inside NCM811 cathode.Thereupon,polyacrylonitrile(PAN) and soft polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) were selected as the polymer matrix to fabricate the composited NCM811 cathode(PVDFPAN@NCM811) for improving the electrochemical performance of the solid-state NMC811|Li full cells,which can maintain high capacity over 146.2 mA h g^(-1)after 200 cycles at a high voltage of 4.5 V.Suggestively,designing a multifunctional polymer matrix with high ionic conductivity and mechanical property can buffer the stress and maintain the integrity of the structure,which can be regarded as the door-opening avenue to realize the high electrochemical performance of Ni-rich cathode for solidstate batteries.
文摘We aim to evaluate the incidence of incontinence following laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)comparing en-bloc(Group 1)versus 2-lobe/3-lobe techniques(Group 2).We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing EEP for benign prostaticenlargement in 12 centers between January 2020 and January 2022.Data were presented as median and interquartile range(IQR).Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate factors associated with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI).There were 1711 patients in Group 1 and 3357 patients in Group 2.Patients in Group 2were significantly younger(68[62–73]years vs 69[63–74]years,P=0.002).Median(interquartile range)prostate volume(PV)wassimilar between the groups(70[52–92]ml in Group 1 vs 70[54–90]ml in Group 2,P=0.774).There was no difference in preoperativeInternational Prostate Symptom Score,quality of life,or maximum flow rate.Enucleation,morcellation,and total surgical time weresignificantly shorter in Group 1.Within 1 month,overall incontinence rate was 6.3%in Group 1 versus 5.3%in Group 2(P=0.12),and urge incontinence was significantly higher in Group 1(55.1%vs 37.3%in Group 2,P<0.001).After 3 months,the overall rate ofincontinence was 1.7%in Group 1 versus 2.3%in Group 2(P=0.06),and SUI was significantly higher in Group 2(55.6%vs 24.1%in Group 1,P=0.002).At multivariable analysis,PV and IPSS were factors significantly associated with higher odds of transient SUI/MUI.PV,surgical time,and no early apical release technique were factors associated with higher odds of persistent SUI/MUI.
文摘Algal-cyanobacterial communities, soil nano- and microfauna, and mycelium of micromycetes were studied in soils of an administrative district of Moscow. To characterize the habitat conditions of microbiota in the soils of different functional zones of the city, the acid-base conditions and the contents of exchangeable and water-soluble nitrogen, mobile heavy metals, and soluble salts were determined. The diversity of species of algal-cyanobacterial communities, the composition of the dominant species, the proportions of different ecological groups of diatom algae, the diversity of soil nano- and microfauna, and the abundance of colorless and colored mycelium in the urban soils were characterized. The analysis of these parameters showed that the degree of technogenic impact on soil microbiota decreases in the following sequence of functional zones of the city: industrial > traffic > residential > recreation.
文摘At present, there is no method for identifying meat frozen in a thermal state acceptable for production control. The role of free nucleotides in the processes of refrigeration and storage of meat, affecting the structural and mechanical properties of muscle tissue, the formation of taste and its biological value is known. In this article we compared methods for identifying the thermal state of meat based on the determination of the composition and content of free nucleotides by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometry [SF]. High-purity reference substances were used: free nucleotides—ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP and nucleosides-inosine and hypoxanthine. It has been experimentally established that the characteristic peaks of the absorption spectra for extracts of free nucleotides of meat frozen depended from thermal state of meat. The content of ATP is 21.8 times higher in meat frozen in a fresh state, and the amount of IMF is 12.3 times lower than in meat frozen after cooling. The results of studies of meat frozen using the HPLC method and the developed SF method show the adequacy of the data obtained by both methods. SF-method based on the determination of the optical density of the extracts of free nucleotides is recommended to justify the choice of technological process meat defrost modes.
文摘The paper deals the popular news-talk radio station ＂Echo of Moscow＂ which is one of the most interesting and successful one in Moscow FM range. It provides thorough analysis of different previous and nowadays programs and web projects in comparison with main multimedia sphere trends. A particular attention is paid to ＂Echo of Moscow＂ web page as multimedia portal strongly packed with different functions such as its integration with social nets.
基金sponsored by the Russian Science Foundation,project no.19-18-00369,The Classical Orient:culture,world-view,tradition of research in Russia(based on the monuments in the collection of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and archive sources)."。
文摘The typology of Ptolemaic royal sculpture has served as a theme of research for a number of scholars who have managed to achieve impressive results:two fundamental works must be mentioned.The earlier is Bildnisse der Ptolemaer by H.Kyrieleis,which established a convincing correspondence between the well-attributed images of the Ptolemaic kings on their coins and their mostly uninscribed sculpted images.'The history of the research reveals that although the corpus of Ptolemaic sculpture gradually expanded,due to new finds and new publications,challenges to specific attributions proposed by Kyrieleis often proved to be a failure?A later work deserving a special mention is Portraits of the Ptolemies by P.E.Stanwick,which proposed a well-founded scheme for the evolution of the Ptolemaic royal sculpture dividing it into nine groups(Groups A-E,G making a chronological sequence,Groups F,H-J uncertain and miscellaneous)'Quite expectedly,a problematic issue is the ultimate motive and final result of shifting from one such group to another:a grouping of objects is largely a formal task,and a scholar performing it is unlikely to concentrate simultaneously on the variety of political,ideological,and religious factors that could lie behind the emergence of the groups indicated.The present article aims to offer a tentative explanation for the shift in the style of Ptolemaic sculpture that took place at the cusp of the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC,i.e.,the transition between Stanwick's "Group A"and "Group B."
基金the state assignment on the topic“Interdisciplinary approaches to the creation and study of micro-/nanostructured systems”(No.125012200595-8)Conductivity measurements of the samples were performed in accordance with the state task for FRC PCP and MC RAS(No.124013000692-4).
文摘A series of solid solutions with high content of Tb_(2)O_(3)-(Tb_(x)Ti_(1−x))4O_(8−2x)(x=0.667-0.830)are synthesized in the Tb_(2)O_(3)-TiO_(2)system via co-precipitation and/or mechanical activation.This is followed by high-temperature annealing for 4-22 h.The X-ray diffrac-tion method showed that the fluorite structure was realized for(Tb_(x)Ti_(1−x))4O_(8−2x)(x=0.75-0.817).The solid solution Tb_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44)(64mol%Tb_(2)O_(3)(x=0.78))with a fluorite structure exhibited a maximum hole conductivity of~22 S/cm at 600℃.To separate the ionic component of the conductivity in the electronic conductor Tb_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44),its high entropy analogue,(La_(0.2)Gd_(0.2)Tm_(0.2)Lu_(0.2)Y_(0.2))_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44),was synthesized in which all rare-earth elements(REE)cations exhibited valency of+3.Consequently,the contribution of ionic(proton)conductivity(~7×10^(−6)S/cm at 600℃)was revealed with respect to the background of dominant hole conductivity.The proton conduct-ivity of high-entropy oxide(HEО)(La_(0.2)Gd_(0.2)Tm_(0.2)Lu_(0.2)Y_(0.2))_(3.12)Ti_(0.88)O_(6.44)was confirmed by the detection of the isotope effect,where the mobility of the heavier O-D ions was lower than that of the O-H hydroxyls,resulting in lower conductivity in D_(2)O vapors when com-pared to H_(2)O.
基金supported by the Open Research Fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(No.2021SLABFK09)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22109093)+1 种基金the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning and the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.19QA1403800)the Project of Innovative Development Agency of Republic of Uzbekistan(No.FZ-20200929177)and Shanghai Technical Service Computing Center of Science and Engineering,Shanghai University.
文摘Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have stood out in recent years for their great potential in offering low-temperature compatibility,long-term stability and tandem cell suitability.However,challenges persist,particularly concerning the use of nickel oxide nanoparticles(NiO_(x)NPs)as the hole transport material,where issues such as low conductivity,impurity-induced aggregation and interface redox reactions significantly hinder device performance.In response,this study presents a novel synthesis method for NiO_(x)NPs,leveraging the introduction of ammonium salt dopants(NH_(4)Cl and NH_(4)SCN),and the solar cell utilizing the doped NiO_(x)substrate exhibits much enhanced device performance.Furthermore,doped solar cells reach 23.27%power conversion efficiency(PCE)when a self-assembled monolayer(SAM)is further employed.This study provides critical insights into the synthesis and growth pathways of NiO_(x)NPs,propelling the development of efficient hole transport materials for high-performance PSCs.
基金supported by the Russian science foundation(grant#22-74-00115 to A.P.G.).
文摘Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Resveratrol is a promising compound for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases,including AD.Aims:To investigate mitochondrial damage and the effects of resveratrol on inflammation,cognitive function,and mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice.Methods:Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)damage was conducted between 10-month-old APP/PS1 mice and age-matched C57BL/6 mice.Assessments included measurement of amyloid-βlevels,inflammatory markers,swimming distance in the Morris water maze,and gut microbiome composition.Resveratrol’s effects on cytokine expression,mtDNA levels in plasma,and activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Antioxidant response element(Nrf2/ARE)and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(also known as Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(PI3K/Akt/mTORC1)signaling pathways were also evaluated.Results:APP/PS1 mice exhibited significantly increased mtDNA damage in the prefrontal cortex,midbrain,and cerebellum,alongside higher amyloid-βlevels and inflammatory markers.Resveratrol treatment led to reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,a decrease in Proteobacteria levels,and lower cell-free mtDNA in plasma.Partial improvement in long-term spatial memory was observed in APP/PS1 mice following resveratrol treatment,likely due to its anti-inflammatory properties.Activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and markers of PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 axis activation were noted,with the latter regulating long-term potentiation.Conclusion:Resveratrol demonstrates potential in mitigating inflammation and improving mitochondrial quality control in APP/PS1 mice,but it does not reduce amyloid-βlevels,highlighting the complexity of AD pathology and the need for further research.
文摘Precast concrete structures have gained popularity due to their advantages.However,the seismic performance of their connection joints remains an area of ongoing research and improvement.Grouted Sleeve Connection(GSC)offers a solution for connecting reinforcements in precast components,but their vulnerability to internal defects,such as construction errors and material variability,can significantly impact performance.This article presents a finite element analysis(FEA)to evaluate the impact of internal grouting defects in GSC on the structural performance of precast reinforced concrete columns.Four finite elementmodels representing GSC with varying degrees of defects were used to investigate the effects on mechanical properties,including bearing capacity,stress-deformation behavior,and stiffness degradation.The study highlights the significant impact of internal grouting defects on the mechanical performance of GSC,with findings indicating a decrease in stiffness,increased plastic deformation,and reduced energy dissipation as the proportion of internal defects rises.The analysis reveals that the internal defects in GSC act as stress concentration points,leading to early crack formation and accelerated damage under cyclic loading.By improving construction quality and reducing the prevalence of grouting defects,the adverse effects on the performance of GSC can be mitigated.Compared to defect-free specimens,those with defects of 30%exhibited a 31.23%reduction in horizontal bearing capacity,highlighting the importance of minimizing defects in practical engineering applications.
基金Open access funding provided by University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna(BOKU).
文摘This paper presents a standardised workflow for conducting hazard assessments of mass wasting processes in remote mountain areas with limited data.The methodology integrates geomorphological mapping and remote sensing techniques and is adaptable to different national standards,thus ensuring its applicability in a variety of contexts.The principal objective is to guarantee the safety of mountainous regions,particularly in the vicinity of essential infrastructure,where the scope for implementing structural measures is restricted.The framework commences with comprehensive geomorphological mapping,which facilitates the identification of past hazardous processes and potential future hazards.New technologies,such as uncrewed aerial vehicles(UAVs),are employed to create high-resolution DEMs,which are particularly beneficial in regions with limited data availability.These models facilitate the assessment of potential hazards and inform decisions regarding protective measures.The utilisation of UAVs enhances the accuracy and efficiency of data collection,particularly in remote mountainous regions where alternative remotely sensed information may be unavailable.The integration of modern approaches into traditional hazard assessment methods allows for a comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution of factors driving mass wasting processes.This workflow provides valuable insights that assist in the prioritisation of interventions and the optimisation of risk reduction in high mountainous areas.
基金Supported by Russian Science Foundation,No.23-74-10027.
文摘The mini-review explores the potential use of alginates produced biotechnologically by bacteria for the development of various implantable biomaterials intended for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration in orthopedics:the recent studies on the use of algal alginate-based biomaterials in the form of hydrogels,scaffolds,and microparticles for medical applications are considered as a potential opportunity to use bacterial alginate for these applications,taking into account the advantages of biotechnological production of a polymer with desired properties.The methods of producing different alginate-based biomaterials,the manufacturing of implantable medical devices using them,and the surgical techniques for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration using these materials for orthopedic purposes are discussed.
基金financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation(project No.24-29-00303:https://rscf.ru/project/24-29-00303/,accessed on 01 July 2025).
文摘A new experimental method is developed to investigate the effect of dissolved substances on the evaporation rate of small water droplets suspended in the atmosphere.The laboratory setup is based on converting a generated droplet jet of complex structure into a directed flow of evaporating droplets falling in a vertical tube.Images of falling droplets captured by a high-speed camera through a window in the vertical channel wall are used to determine the sizes and velocities of individual droplets.The computational modeling of droplet motion and evaporation proved useful at all stages of the experimental work:from selecting the position of the vertical channel to processing the experimental data.It was found that even a 0.1%mass concentration of the dissolved ionic salt KCl has a considerable effect on decreasing the evaporation rate of the droplets.In contrast,a typical fungicide with a mass concentration of 2.5%has only a slight impact on the evaporation rate.The laboratory results enabled the authors to refine the evaporation model of water droplets to account for the presence of dissolved substances.Modified models of this type are expected to be useful in controling crop spraying and also in other potential applications.
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 22-12-00298)supported by the Center of Excellence "Center of Photonics" funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Contract #075-15-2022-316the Theoretical Physics and Mathematics Advancement Foundation "BASIS" scholarship for the support.
文摘In this work,we studied the persistent photoconductivity(PPC)spectra in single HgTe/CdHgTe quantum wells with different growth parameters and different types of dark conductivity.The studies were performed in a wide radiation quantum energy range of 0.62–3.1 eV both at T=4.2 K and at T=77 K.Common features of the PPC spectra for all structures were revealed,and their relation to the presence of a CdTe cap layer in all structures and the appropriate cadmium fraction in the CdHgTe barrier layers was shown.One of the features was associated with the presence of a deep level in the CdTe layer.In addition,the oscillatory behavior of the PPC spectra in the region from 0.8–1.1 eV to 1.2–1.5 eV was observed.It is associated with the cascade emission of longitudinal optical phonons in CdHgTe barrier.
