为明确云南咖啡锈菌小种类型,采用国际通用的19个咖啡锈菌生理小种鉴定寄主,利用人工接种鉴定的方法,对采自云南咖啡主产区12县(市)的51份咖啡锈菌进行鉴定,鉴定出9个小种,分别为VIII(v2,3,5)、XXXIII(v5,7 or v5,7,9)、XXXIV(v2,5,7 or...为明确云南咖啡锈菌小种类型,采用国际通用的19个咖啡锈菌生理小种鉴定寄主,利用人工接种鉴定的方法,对采自云南咖啡主产区12县(市)的51份咖啡锈菌进行鉴定,鉴定出9个小种,分别为VIII(v2,3,5)、XXXIII(v5,7 or v5,7,9)、XXXIV(v2,5,7 or v2,5,7,9)、XXXVII(v2,5,6,7,9)、XLI(v2,5,8)、XLII(v2,5,7,8 or v2,5,7,8,9)、New race(v2,5,6,7)、New race(v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9)、New race(v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9),这9个小种均为国内首次鉴定,其中小种XXXIII、XXXIV、New race(v2,5,6,7)、New race(v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9)、New race(v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9)、XLI和XLII均侵染Catimor7963,小种XXXVII侵染CatimorT5175。展开更多
Sea cucumbers are highly used not only for the production of the bêche-de-mer, but also recent studies have been showing the high potential of these marine invertebrates on the pharmaceutical industry, as they ar...Sea cucumbers are highly used not only for the production of the bêche-de-mer, but also recent studies have been showing the high potential of these marine invertebrates on the pharmaceutical industry, as they are rich in bioactive compounds with important functions. Stichopus regalis extracts (1 mg·mL-1) were used in antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor assays. The lipid profile was also evaluated. No significant antioxidant activity was detected in both methanolic and dichloromethane extracts. The methanolic fraction showed the highest antimicrobial potential against Candida albicans with an IC50 of 475.4 μg·mL-1. In the antitumor assays, the dichloromethane fraction showed a high potential for both cell lines, as revealed by the MTT method. The total fat content was 3.63% ± 0.11% and the fatty acid profile revealed the highest amount in C16:0 (9.43% ± 0.77%), C18:0 (12.43% ± 0.83%), C18:1 ω7 (5.63% ± 0.33%), EPA (12.49% ± 0.15%), DHA (7.35% ± 0.02%), ARA (19.29% ± 0.14%) and a ω3/ω6 ratio of 1.078. These findings led us to suggest the potential use of S. regalis as a new source of bioactive compounds with pharmacological potential and its nutritional benefits for human health.展开更多
Coffee is one of the world most traded agricultural commodities. Currently, a lot of attention has been on Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) because it seems to evidence a greater tolerance to ex...Coffee is one of the world most traded agricultural commodities. Currently, a lot of attention has been on Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) because it seems to evidence a greater tolerance to extreme climatic events than Arabica coffee (C. arabica L.). Despite this, only a few works have been developed aimed at discriminating the climatic vulnerability in regions which prioritize robust coffee production. The aim of this work was to analyze historical climatic variables in space and time for the characterization of climatic vulnerability of micro-regions, in search of mitigation and adaptation, which might support the improvement of production systems of C. canephora coffee trees. The case study was carried out for one of the largest production regions of Robusta coffee of the world, in Brazil, geographically located between the 39°38' and 41°50' West longitude meridians and the 17°52' and 21°19' South latitude parallels. The vulnerability was characterized by the spatial and temporal variation of rainfall and rainfall seasonal pattern (based on 30 years of historical data), elements of climatic water balance, elevation and area planted with Robusta coffee. The choice of mitigation and adaptation were based on widely validated criteria. Overall, the results show that the vulnerability of Robusta coffee is related to low index of rainfall, the rainfall seasonability and the water deficiency. In the studied region, there is approximately 42% of some type of water vulnerability during the year, with a severe to medium scale;this vulnerability is very pronounced in regions farther away from the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, since for a year approximately 92% of them are water deficient. In addition, the data show that this distance from the ocean implies a reduction of 75% in the phases of water surplus not only. The strategies of greater potential for adaptation and mitigation are related to the planting of improved genotypes, utilization of polycultures systems, increasing plant density, the implementation of irrigation systems and the management of spontaneous plants.展开更多
Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological quality and safety of street food sold in the main streets and informal markets of Maputo,the capital of Mozambique.Materials and Methods:From 83 diff...Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological quality and safety of street food sold in the main streets and informal markets of Maputo,the capital of Mozambique.Materials and Methods:From 83 different vendors selling different types of foods,83 samples of ready-to-eat(RTE)street food were analyzed.Mesophiles,Escherichia coli and total coliforms were used as quality and hygiene indicators.Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)Salmonella and coagulase-positive staphylococc were used as food safety indicators.Results:High proportions of unsatisfactory food samples were found in both traditional hot(76.7%)and cold(75%)foods.L.monocytogenes and Salmonella were tested negative in this survey.However,when coagulase-positive staphylococci was used as a food safety indicator,approximately 25%(23/83)of the food samples analyzed were classified as unsatisfactory/potentially hazardous.Conclusions:These results,showing that street food sold in Maputo clearly requires adequate sanitary conditions for its preparation and sale,contribute to the development of good manufacturing practices(GMP)for street food in Maputo,Mozambique.This is the first report on the microbiological quality and safety of street food in Mozambique.展开更多
文摘为明确云南咖啡锈菌小种类型,采用国际通用的19个咖啡锈菌生理小种鉴定寄主,利用人工接种鉴定的方法,对采自云南咖啡主产区12县(市)的51份咖啡锈菌进行鉴定,鉴定出9个小种,分别为VIII(v2,3,5)、XXXIII(v5,7 or v5,7,9)、XXXIV(v2,5,7 or v2,5,7,9)、XXXVII(v2,5,6,7,9)、XLI(v2,5,8)、XLII(v2,5,7,8 or v2,5,7,8,9)、New race(v2,5,6,7)、New race(v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9)、New race(v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9),这9个小种均为国内首次鉴定,其中小种XXXIII、XXXIV、New race(v2,5,6,7)、New race(v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9)、New race(v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9)、XLI和XLII均侵染Catimor7963,小种XXXVII侵染CatimorT5175。
文摘Sea cucumbers are highly used not only for the production of the bêche-de-mer, but also recent studies have been showing the high potential of these marine invertebrates on the pharmaceutical industry, as they are rich in bioactive compounds with important functions. Stichopus regalis extracts (1 mg·mL-1) were used in antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor assays. The lipid profile was also evaluated. No significant antioxidant activity was detected in both methanolic and dichloromethane extracts. The methanolic fraction showed the highest antimicrobial potential against Candida albicans with an IC50 of 475.4 μg·mL-1. In the antitumor assays, the dichloromethane fraction showed a high potential for both cell lines, as revealed by the MTT method. The total fat content was 3.63% ± 0.11% and the fatty acid profile revealed the highest amount in C16:0 (9.43% ± 0.77%), C18:0 (12.43% ± 0.83%), C18:1 ω7 (5.63% ± 0.33%), EPA (12.49% ± 0.15%), DHA (7.35% ± 0.02%), ARA (19.29% ± 0.14%) and a ω3/ω6 ratio of 1.078. These findings led us to suggest the potential use of S. regalis as a new source of bioactive compounds with pharmacological potential and its nutritional benefits for human health.
基金supported by the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo,by the Portuguese national funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia,under the scope of the project PTDC/AGR-PRO/3386/2012(JCR)as well through the grants from CNPq(LDM,ARS and MAT),CAPES(LDM in PDSE/12226/12-2)FAPES(FCE,WNR and LDM-under the scope of the project FAPES/CNPq No.012/2014-DCR-No.71444289/15).
文摘Coffee is one of the world most traded agricultural commodities. Currently, a lot of attention has been on Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) because it seems to evidence a greater tolerance to extreme climatic events than Arabica coffee (C. arabica L.). Despite this, only a few works have been developed aimed at discriminating the climatic vulnerability in regions which prioritize robust coffee production. The aim of this work was to analyze historical climatic variables in space and time for the characterization of climatic vulnerability of micro-regions, in search of mitigation and adaptation, which might support the improvement of production systems of C. canephora coffee trees. The case study was carried out for one of the largest production regions of Robusta coffee of the world, in Brazil, geographically located between the 39°38' and 41°50' West longitude meridians and the 17°52' and 21°19' South latitude parallels. The vulnerability was characterized by the spatial and temporal variation of rainfall and rainfall seasonal pattern (based on 30 years of historical data), elements of climatic water balance, elevation and area planted with Robusta coffee. The choice of mitigation and adaptation were based on widely validated criteria. Overall, the results show that the vulnerability of Robusta coffee is related to low index of rainfall, the rainfall seasonability and the water deficiency. In the studied region, there is approximately 42% of some type of water vulnerability during the year, with a severe to medium scale;this vulnerability is very pronounced in regions farther away from the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, since for a year approximately 92% of them are water deficient. In addition, the data show that this distance from the ocean implies a reduction of 75% in the phases of water surplus not only. The strategies of greater potential for adaptation and mitigation are related to the planting of improved genotypes, utilization of polycultures systems, increasing plant density, the implementation of irrigation systems and the management of spontaneous plants.
基金supported by the national funds through FCT:Foundation for Science and Technology,Portugal,I.P.,under the project UID/AGR/04129/2020(LEAF).
文摘Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological quality and safety of street food sold in the main streets and informal markets of Maputo,the capital of Mozambique.Materials and Methods:From 83 different vendors selling different types of foods,83 samples of ready-to-eat(RTE)street food were analyzed.Mesophiles,Escherichia coli and total coliforms were used as quality and hygiene indicators.Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)Salmonella and coagulase-positive staphylococc were used as food safety indicators.Results:High proportions of unsatisfactory food samples were found in both traditional hot(76.7%)and cold(75%)foods.L.monocytogenes and Salmonella were tested negative in this survey.However,when coagulase-positive staphylococci was used as a food safety indicator,approximately 25%(23/83)of the food samples analyzed were classified as unsatisfactory/potentially hazardous.Conclusions:These results,showing that street food sold in Maputo clearly requires adequate sanitary conditions for its preparation and sale,contribute to the development of good manufacturing practices(GMP)for street food in Maputo,Mozambique.This is the first report on the microbiological quality and safety of street food in Mozambique.
