This article aims to analyze the development and shortcomings in women’s education in Asia during the past two decades.Asian women students have been subjected to numerous forms of discrimination and unequal treatmen...This article aims to analyze the development and shortcomings in women’s education in Asia during the past two decades.Asian women students have been subjected to numerous forms of discrimination and unequal treatment in school and the global labor market,despite the efforts of educators,politicians,and many related stakeholders.The article first critically examines several theories of globalization and education from the perspective of equity.It then analyzes several typical pieces of study on the obstacles that Asian women students encounter both before and after graduation to draw implications for future research.展开更多
Language is the best means of communication with the people in your surroundings.People create or find word to name and describe new things which they never saw,examining the role of the speaker’s native language in ...Language is the best means of communication with the people in your surroundings.People create or find word to name and describe new things which they never saw,examining the role of the speaker’s native language in loanword adaptation.This study aimed to investigate how the English loanwords into Taif Arabic(TA)are phonologically adapted.The study adopted a qualitative and descriptive approach.The study collected 190 English loanwords from national TA speakers of various ages,genders,and educational levels.These loanwords were transcribed using IPA symbols.Online Cambridge Dictionary is used to compare the pronunciation of the loanwords in DL and RL.The outcomes of this paper discovered that substitution was the most common adaptive process and deletion was the rarest.It can be concluded that the determinant of the adaptation process is the phonological rules of the speaker’s native language.The results of this study are of great benefit to learners of Arabic English.展开更多
As an English Language Fellow with the U.S.Department of State(DOS)and Georgetown University,I am honored with the opportunity to represent my country;especially,when it means traveling and visiting the most scholarly...As an English Language Fellow with the U.S.Department of State(DOS)and Georgetown University,I am honored with the opportunity to represent my country;especially,when it means traveling and visiting the most scholarly people throughout the world.As I travel the globe,sharing the best practices and pedagogy with teachers,I recognize the daunting task teachers face each and every day.展开更多
A stable and homogeneous well-aligned air microplasma device for application at atmospheric pressure is designed and its electrical and optical characteristics are investigated. Current-voltage measurements and intens...A stable and homogeneous well-aligned air microplasma device for application at atmospheric pressure is designed and its electrical and optical characteristics are investigated. Current-voltage measurements and intensified charge coupled device （ICCD） images show that the well-aligned air microplasma device is able to generate a large-area and homogeneous discharge at the applied voltages ranging from 12 kV to 14 kV, with a repetition frequency of 5 kHz, which is attributed to the diffusion effect of plasma on dielectric surface. Moreover, this well-aligned microplasma device may result in the uniform and large-area surface modification of heat-sensitive PET polymers without damage, such as optimization in hydrophobicity and biocompatibility. In the biomedical field, the utility of this well-aligned microplasma device is further testified. It proves to be very efficient for the large-area and uniform inactivation of E. coli cells with a density of 103/cm2 on LB agar plate culture medium, and inactivation efficiency can reach up to 99% for 2-min treatment.展开更多
We presented a quantity judgment task that involved comparing two sequentially presented sets of items to preschoolers and chimpanzees using nearly identical procedures that excluded verbal instructions to children. T...We presented a quantity judgment task that involved comparing two sequentially presented sets of items to preschoolers and chimpanzees using nearly identical procedures that excluded verbal instructions to children. Trial difficulty in this task reflected the ratio difference between sets of discrete items where larger ratios （e.g., 0.80 as from comparing 4 to 5） were more difficult than smaller ones （e.g., 0.50 as from comparing 4 to 8）. Children also completed verbal-based tasks probing the relationskip between counting proficiency and performance on the quantity judgment task of sequentially presented identical sized items. Both species＇ performance was best when ratios between comparison sets were small regardless of set size in all types of tasks. Generally, chimpanzees and older children performed better than younger children except at larger ratios. Children＇s counting proficiency was not related to success in choosing the larger of two quantities of identical-sized items. These results indicate that chimpanzees and children share an approximate number sense that is reflected through analog magnitude estimation when comparing quantities [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 419-428, 2011].展开更多
Teaching writing to Arab EFL learners in general, and to students who have never been exposed to an Anglo-Saxon foreign language in particular in institutions of higher education, through incorporating culturally mean...Teaching writing to Arab EFL learners in general, and to students who have never been exposed to an Anglo-Saxon foreign language in particular in institutions of higher education, through incorporating culturally meaningful learning materials, can actually be enjoyable and fruitful. However, it can also be very challenging given the sociocultural and linguistic background of the learners as well as other factors related to the nature of the imported teaching materials from overseas. The challenge then is identifying and selecting materials for each particular class, as well as how to get students motivated and successfully engaged in the process of writing. This paper enlightens educators and language programs managers and planners about the mechanism of the writing process while incorporating the cultural components relevant to the learner, as well as drawing their attention to the benefits of engaging students in the actual process of writing and boosting their motivation via a meaningful socioculturally based approach.展开更多
Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitā(Compendium of the Essence of the Eight Branches)is one of the most important works on Ayurvedic medicine from ancient India.It provides a comprehensive overview and synthesis of Ayurvedic theor...Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitā(Compendium of the Essence of the Eight Branches)is one of the most important works on Ayurvedic medicine from ancient India.It provides a comprehensive overview and synthesis of Ayurvedic theories from different schools of thought.With concise and clear contents,it was an essential textbook for Ayurvedic medicine in India and many other regions at the time it was written.This article summarizes the main contents of the book,reviews the current status of research,and finds that the modern research on Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitāfocuses on religious philosophy,the theory of bodily humors,discussion of drug use,and its relationship with Chinese medicine.The book was widely disseminated in the areas surrounding India and influenced Tibetan and Arabic medicine,as well as multiethnic medicine along the Silk Road.展开更多
Introduction Health preservation plays a vital role in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and it is dealt with several times in the TCM classic Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》Huangdi’s Internal Classic)compiled thousan...Introduction Health preservation plays a vital role in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and it is dealt with several times in the TCM classic Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》Huangdi’s Internal Classic)compiled thousands of years ago.For example,the chapter Discourse on the True Qi Endowed by Heaven in High Antiquity contains the following description:The sages in ancient times who knew the tenets for cultivating health followed the rules of yin and yang and adjusted the ways to cultivate health.展开更多
Domestication and foreignization as translation strategies are used to achieve the purpose so as to fulfil the expectations and needs of target audience in target text. The research question is'how does skopos the...Domestication and foreignization as translation strategies are used to achieve the purpose so as to fulfil the expectations and needs of target audience in target text. The research question is'how does skopos theory lead the text in choosing the translation strategies as domestication and foreignization?'In this essay the movie of Mulan was chosen and analyzed in terms of movie Titles, Names and Forms of Address, Proverbs and Idioms. The analysis of the translation shows how foreignization and domestication co-exist as co-strategies in order to convey the meaning clearer for the target audience.展开更多
Stylistics studies the style of a text and the particular effect generated by the particular language choice. As a recreation of the original text, translation should not only presents the original literal meanings, b...Stylistics studies the style of a text and the particular effect generated by the particular language choice. As a recreation of the original text, translation should not only presents the original literal meanings, but also conveys the original style and language effects. Therefore, through the stylistic analysis of two Chinese versions of Lolita, this paper focuses on the necessity and significance of taking style into consideration in translation.展开更多
This study is aimed to discover the explicitation and implicitation of connectives in literature translation. Based on parallel corpus, two Chinese versions of Jane Eyre are studied from three aspects, Intra-language ...This study is aimed to discover the explicitation and implicitation of connectives in literature translation. Based on parallel corpus, two Chinese versions of Jane Eyre are studied from three aspects, Intra-language comparison, inter-language comparison and case study. The findings in the study prove the reliability of Blum-Kulka's(1986) famous explicitation hypothesis, and its possible motivations are fully explored as well.展开更多
In 2011,a court near Milan,Italy,reduced the sentence of a convicted murderer from life to 20years in jail,after considering results from neuroimaging and genetic tests.These tests had been used to convince the judge ...In 2011,a court near Milan,Italy,reduced the sentence of a convicted murderer from life to 20years in jail,after considering results from neuroimaging and genetic tests.These tests had been used to convince the judge that the trial's female defendant,Stefania Albertani,was suffering from partial mental illness (http:// blogs.nature.com/news/2011/09]italian_court_reduces_murde_s. html).The structural MRI images showed that Albertani's grey matter volume was different from the average volume of a randomly-selected group -10healthy women with no history of mental or neurological disorders -in brain areas including the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC)and insula.The expert testimony concluded that "these alterations (of brain structures)have to be considered in causal relation to the psychiatric symptomatology of the murderer."展开更多
This article presents a finite-time robust control(FTRC)of a transformerless STATCOM based on a cascaded multilevel H-bridge converter(CMHC)with star configuration.The FTRC is first proposed for the current loop contr...This article presents a finite-time robust control(FTRC)of a transformerless STATCOM based on a cascaded multilevel H-bridge converter(CMHC)with star configuration.The FTRC is first proposed for the current loop control of a CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM by using the finite time robust control theory.Taking the parameters,perturbations and external disturbances into account and using coordinate transformation method,the nonlinear dynamic model of the CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM is transformed into a standard nonlinear port-controlled dissipative Hamiltonian(PCDH)structure.Based on the PCDH structure,an FTRC is designed for the CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM to improve the transient stability and oscillation damping of power system.Finally,the simulation results demonstrate that the FTRC has better dynamic performance and strong robustness in comparison with the passivity-based control of the CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM.展开更多
Based on the port-controlled dissipative Hamiltonian(PCDH)system,a novel nonlinear(NN)H∞control is designed for the wind farm side(WFS)voltage source converter(VSC)of VSC-based high-voltage direct current(VSC-HVDC)tr...Based on the port-controlled dissipative Hamiltonian(PCDH)system,a novel nonlinear(NN)H∞control is designed for the wind farm side(WFS)voltage source converter(VSC)of VSC-based high-voltage direct current(VSC-HVDC)transmission system connected large wind farm.Firstly,the uncertain nonlinear dynamical model of WFS VSC in the VSC-HVDC is established by taking external disturbances and parameter variations into account.Then,the dissipative Hamiltonian structure of the WFS VSC system is constructed by means of variable transformation.Thirdly,on the basis of the obtained dissipative Hamiltonian structure,a NN H∞control is put forward.Finally,the simulation results show that the proposed NN H∞control gains the advantage over the interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based(IDA-PB)control.展开更多
Let Kdenote the complete graph consisting of n vertices,every pair of which forms an edge.We want to know the least possible number of the intersections,when we draw the graph Kon the plane or on the sphere using cont...Let Kdenote the complete graph consisting of n vertices,every pair of which forms an edge.We want to know the least possible number of the intersections,when we draw the graph Kon the plane or on the sphere using continuous arcs for edges.In a paper published in 1960,Richard K.Guy conjectured that the least possible number of the intersections is 1/64(n-1)^(2)(n-3)^(2) if n is odd,or 1/64 n(n-2)^(2)(n-4)if n is even.A virgin road V_(n)is a drawing of a Hamiltonian cycle in Kconsisting of n vertices and n edges such that no other edge-representing arcs cross V.A drawing of Kis called virginal if it contains a virgin road.All drawings considered in this paper will be virginal with respect to a fixed virgin road V.We will present a certain drawing of a subgraph of K,for each n(≥5),which is"characteristic"in the sense that any minimal virginal drawing of Kcontaining this subdrawing satisfies Guy’s conjecture.展开更多
文摘This article aims to analyze the development and shortcomings in women’s education in Asia during the past two decades.Asian women students have been subjected to numerous forms of discrimination and unequal treatment in school and the global labor market,despite the efforts of educators,politicians,and many related stakeholders.The article first critically examines several theories of globalization and education from the perspective of equity.It then analyzes several typical pieces of study on the obstacles that Asian women students encounter both before and after graduation to draw implications for future research.
文摘Language is the best means of communication with the people in your surroundings.People create or find word to name and describe new things which they never saw,examining the role of the speaker’s native language in loanword adaptation.This study aimed to investigate how the English loanwords into Taif Arabic(TA)are phonologically adapted.The study adopted a qualitative and descriptive approach.The study collected 190 English loanwords from national TA speakers of various ages,genders,and educational levels.These loanwords were transcribed using IPA symbols.Online Cambridge Dictionary is used to compare the pronunciation of the loanwords in DL and RL.The outcomes of this paper discovered that substitution was the most common adaptive process and deletion was the rarest.It can be concluded that the determinant of the adaptation process is the phonological rules of the speaker’s native language.The results of this study are of great benefit to learners of Arabic English.
文摘As an English Language Fellow with the U.S.Department of State(DOS)and Georgetown University,I am honored with the opportunity to represent my country;especially,when it means traveling and visiting the most scholarly people throughout the world.As I travel the globe,sharing the best practices and pedagogy with teachers,I recognize the daunting task teachers face each and every day.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(Grant No.2014J01025)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11275261)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2015A030313005)the Fund from the Fujian Provincia Key Laboratory for Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,China
文摘A stable and homogeneous well-aligned air microplasma device for application at atmospheric pressure is designed and its electrical and optical characteristics are investigated. Current-voltage measurements and intensified charge coupled device （ICCD） images show that the well-aligned air microplasma device is able to generate a large-area and homogeneous discharge at the applied voltages ranging from 12 kV to 14 kV, with a repetition frequency of 5 kHz, which is attributed to the diffusion effect of plasma on dielectric surface. Moreover, this well-aligned microplasma device may result in the uniform and large-area surface modification of heat-sensitive PET polymers without damage, such as optimization in hydrophobicity and biocompatibility. In the biomedical field, the utility of this well-aligned microplasma device is further testified. It proves to be very efficient for the large-area and uniform inactivation of E. coli cells with a density of 103/cm2 on LB agar plate culture medium, and inactivation efficiency can reach up to 99% for 2-min treatment.
基金We wish to acknowledge the staff at the Berry College Child Development Center and Georgia State University Language Research Center for their support in data collection. Research with chimpanzees was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health （HD 38051 and HD 060563） and the National Science Foundation （BCS 0924811）. The authors thank Mary Beran and John Kelley for their assistance in conducting experimental sessions with chimpanzees, and the staff at the Berry College Child Development Center for data collection with preschoolers. We thank Carla Moldavan for helpful comments pertaining to early childhood mathematical curricula.
文摘We presented a quantity judgment task that involved comparing two sequentially presented sets of items to preschoolers and chimpanzees using nearly identical procedures that excluded verbal instructions to children. Trial difficulty in this task reflected the ratio difference between sets of discrete items where larger ratios （e.g., 0.80 as from comparing 4 to 5） were more difficult than smaller ones （e.g., 0.50 as from comparing 4 to 8）. Children also completed verbal-based tasks probing the relationskip between counting proficiency and performance on the quantity judgment task of sequentially presented identical sized items. Both species＇ performance was best when ratios between comparison sets were small regardless of set size in all types of tasks. Generally, chimpanzees and older children performed better than younger children except at larger ratios. Children＇s counting proficiency was not related to success in choosing the larger of two quantities of identical-sized items. These results indicate that chimpanzees and children share an approximate number sense that is reflected through analog magnitude estimation when comparing quantities [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 419-428, 2011].
文摘Teaching writing to Arab EFL learners in general, and to students who have never been exposed to an Anglo-Saxon foreign language in particular in institutions of higher education, through incorporating culturally meaningful learning materials, can actually be enjoyable and fruitful. However, it can also be very challenging given the sociocultural and linguistic background of the learners as well as other factors related to the nature of the imported teaching materials from overseas. The challenge then is identifying and selecting materials for each particular class, as well as how to get students motivated and successfully engaged in the process of writing. This paper enlightens educators and language programs managers and planners about the mechanism of the writing process while incorporating the cultural components relevant to the learner, as well as drawing their attention to the benefits of engaging students in the actual process of writing and boosting their motivation via a meaningful socioculturally based approach.
基金This study was financed by grants from the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.19VJX165)Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of China(No.2021ELS005).
文摘Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitā(Compendium of the Essence of the Eight Branches)is one of the most important works on Ayurvedic medicine from ancient India.It provides a comprehensive overview and synthesis of Ayurvedic theories from different schools of thought.With concise and clear contents,it was an essential textbook for Ayurvedic medicine in India and many other regions at the time it was written.This article summarizes the main contents of the book,reviews the current status of research,and finds that the modern research on Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitāfocuses on religious philosophy,the theory of bodily humors,discussion of drug use,and its relationship with Chinese medicine.The book was widely disseminated in the areas surrounding India and influenced Tibetan and Arabic medicine,as well as multiethnic medicine along the Silk Road.
基金This study was financially supported by the International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Chinese Medicine of China(No.E2-ED19012).
文摘Introduction Health preservation plays a vital role in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and it is dealt with several times in the TCM classic Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》Huangdi’s Internal Classic)compiled thousands of years ago.For example,the chapter Discourse on the True Qi Endowed by Heaven in High Antiquity contains the following description:The sages in ancient times who knew the tenets for cultivating health followed the rules of yin and yang and adjusted the ways to cultivate health.
文摘Domestication and foreignization as translation strategies are used to achieve the purpose so as to fulfil the expectations and needs of target audience in target text. The research question is'how does skopos theory lead the text in choosing the translation strategies as domestication and foreignization?'In this essay the movie of Mulan was chosen and analyzed in terms of movie Titles, Names and Forms of Address, Proverbs and Idioms. The analysis of the translation shows how foreignization and domestication co-exist as co-strategies in order to convey the meaning clearer for the target audience.
文摘Stylistics studies the style of a text and the particular effect generated by the particular language choice. As a recreation of the original text, translation should not only presents the original literal meanings, but also conveys the original style and language effects. Therefore, through the stylistic analysis of two Chinese versions of Lolita, this paper focuses on the necessity and significance of taking style into consideration in translation.
文摘This study is aimed to discover the explicitation and implicitation of connectives in literature translation. Based on parallel corpus, two Chinese versions of Jane Eyre are studied from three aspects, Intra-language comparison, inter-language comparison and case study. The findings in the study prove the reliability of Blum-Kulka's(1986) famous explicitation hypothesis, and its possible motivations are fully explored as well.
文摘In 2011,a court near Milan,Italy,reduced the sentence of a convicted murderer from life to 20years in jail,after considering results from neuroimaging and genetic tests.These tests had been used to convince the judge that the trial's female defendant,Stefania Albertani,was suffering from partial mental illness (http:// blogs.nature.com/news/2011/09]italian_court_reduces_murde_s. html).The structural MRI images showed that Albertani's grey matter volume was different from the average volume of a randomly-selected group -10healthy women with no history of mental or neurological disorders -in brain areas including the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC)and insula.The expert testimony concluded that "these alterations (of brain structures)have to be considered in causal relation to the psychiatric symptomatology of the murderer."
基金supported by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Foundation(No.QiankeheJzi[2015]2070,Qiankehejichu[2016]1064,Qiankehejichu[2017]1074,Qiankehejichu[2018]1068,Qiankehezhicheng[2018]2164)the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.61563011the Ph.D research fund of Guizhou Normal University under Grant No.11904-0514170High level talent research project of Guizhou Institute of Technology(No.XJGC20150405).
文摘This article presents a finite-time robust control(FTRC)of a transformerless STATCOM based on a cascaded multilevel H-bridge converter(CMHC)with star configuration.The FTRC is first proposed for the current loop control of a CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM by using the finite time robust control theory.Taking the parameters,perturbations and external disturbances into account and using coordinate transformation method,the nonlinear dynamic model of the CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM is transformed into a standard nonlinear port-controlled dissipative Hamiltonian(PCDH)structure.Based on the PCDH structure,an FTRC is designed for the CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM to improve the transient stability and oscillation damping of power system.Finally,the simulation results demonstrate that the FTRC has better dynamic performance and strong robustness in comparison with the passivity-based control of the CMHC-based transformerless STATCOM.
基金supported by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Foundation[Grant numbers QiankeheJzi[2015]2070,Qiankehejichu[2016]1064,Qiankehejichu[2017]1074,Qiankehejichu[2018]1068,Qiankehezhicheng[2018]2164]the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation[grant number 61563011]+1 种基金the Ph.D research fund of Guizhou Normal University[grant number 11904-0514170]High level talent research project of Guizhou Institute of Technology[grant number XJGC20150405].
文摘Based on the port-controlled dissipative Hamiltonian(PCDH)system,a novel nonlinear(NN)H∞control is designed for the wind farm side(WFS)voltage source converter(VSC)of VSC-based high-voltage direct current(VSC-HVDC)transmission system connected large wind farm.Firstly,the uncertain nonlinear dynamical model of WFS VSC in the VSC-HVDC is established by taking external disturbances and parameter variations into account.Then,the dissipative Hamiltonian structure of the WFS VSC system is constructed by means of variable transformation.Thirdly,on the basis of the obtained dissipative Hamiltonian structure,a NN H∞control is put forward.Finally,the simulation results show that the proposed NN H∞control gains the advantage over the interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based(IDA-PB)control.
文摘Let Kdenote the complete graph consisting of n vertices,every pair of which forms an edge.We want to know the least possible number of the intersections,when we draw the graph Kon the plane or on the sphere using continuous arcs for edges.In a paper published in 1960,Richard K.Guy conjectured that the least possible number of the intersections is 1/64(n-1)^(2)(n-3)^(2) if n is odd,or 1/64 n(n-2)^(2)(n-4)if n is even.A virgin road V_(n)is a drawing of a Hamiltonian cycle in Kconsisting of n vertices and n edges such that no other edge-representing arcs cross V.A drawing of Kis called virginal if it contains a virgin road.All drawings considered in this paper will be virginal with respect to a fixed virgin road V.We will present a certain drawing of a subgraph of K,for each n(≥5),which is"characteristic"in the sense that any minimal virginal drawing of Kcontaining this subdrawing satisfies Guy’s conjecture.
