To gain an in-depth understanding of China’s urban labor market,the Institute of Population and Labor Economics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(IPLE-CASS)conducted the fifth wave of the China Urban Labor Su...To gain an in-depth understanding of China’s urban labor market,the Institute of Population and Labor Economics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(IPLE-CASS)conducted the fifth wave of the China Urban Labor Survey in 2023,which covers eight major representative cities.The survey collected 9,122 household questionnaires and 26,145 individual questionnaires from 381 neighborhood committees.Based on this data,the report systematically analyzes employment,wages,educational attainment,and social security among China’s urban workforce.Key findings include an inverted U-shaped age pattern of labor force participation,with a widening gender gap after childbearing age.Additionally,job search methods combine market-based channels with traditional social networks.Notably,the gender wage gap persists and widens over the life cycle,while employed women now have higher average years of schooling than men.Rural-to-urban migrants show higher labor force participation rates but remain disadvantaged in wages,education,and social security coverage.Thus,this survey provides a comprehensive picture of the structural characteristics and challenges of China’s urban labor market,providing a solid data foundation for academic research and public policy design.展开更多
Based on the educational evaluation reform,this study explores the construction of an evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven,aiming to solve the limitations of traditional evaluation methods...Based on the educational evaluation reform,this study explores the construction of an evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven,aiming to solve the limitations of traditional evaluation methods.The research adopts the method of combining theoretical analysis and practical application,and designs the evidence-based value-added evaluation framework,which includes the core elements of a multi-source heterogeneous data acquisition and processing system,a value-added evaluation agent based on a large model,and an evaluation implementation and application mechanism.Through empirical research verification,the evaluation system has remarkable effects in improving learning participation,promoting ability development,and supporting teaching decision-making,and provides a theoretical reference and practical path for educational evaluation reform in the new era.The research shows that the evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven can reflect students’actual progress more fairly and objectively by accurately measuring the difference in starting point and development range of students,and provide strong support for the realization of high-quality education development.展开更多
The oral cavity is a complex physiological community encompassing a wide range of microorganisms.Dysbiosis of oral microbiota can lead to various oral infectious diseases,such as periodontitis and tooth decay,and even...The oral cavity is a complex physiological community encompassing a wide range of microorganisms.Dysbiosis of oral microbiota can lead to various oral infectious diseases,such as periodontitis and tooth decay,and even affect systemic health,including brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases.Recent studies have highlighted how oral microbes might be involved in brain aging and neurodegeneration,indicating potential avenues for intervention strategies.In this review,we summarize clinical evidence demonstrating a link between oral microbes/oral infectious diseases and brain aging/neurodegenerative diseases,and dissect potential mechanisms by which oral microbes contribute to brain aging and neurodegeneration.We also highlight advances in therapeutic development grounded in the realm of oral microbes,with the goal of advancing brain health and promoting healthy aging.展开更多
BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD)is a rare autoinflammatory disease charac-terized by nonspecific symptoms such as fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.This paper reports a clinical case of AOSD succes...BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD)is a rare autoinflammatory disease charac-terized by nonspecific symptoms such as fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.This paper reports a clinical case of AOSD successfully treated with Bo’s abdo-minal acupuncture(BAA).CASE SUMMARY We report a 20-year-old man who suffered from cold exposure,presenting with high fever,rash,sore throat,arthralgia,and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate,leukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance,elevated ferritin,elevated C-reactive protein,and negative rheumatoid factors.He was diagnosed with AOSD based on the Yamaguchi criteria.After treatment with traditional Chinese medi-cine(TCM)decoction and prednisone acetate tablets,there was some alleviation of sore throat,joint and muscle pain,and fever,but he still had persistent low-grade fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.He went to the TCM acupuncture outpatient department to receive BAA.Abdominal acupoints Zhongwan(CV12),Xiawan(CV10),0.5 cm below Xiawan(CV10),Qihai(CV6),Guanyuan(CV4),bilateral Qixue(KI13),bilateral Huaroumen(ST24),bilateral Shangfengshidian(AB1)and bilateral Daheng(SP15)were selected.After 3 months treatment,all symptoms disappeared,and the laboratory examination returned to normal levels.He did not take glucocorticoids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs afterwards,and no relapse was observed during the 3-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION BAA can be used as a complementary medical approach for treatment of AOSD.展开更多
With the full implementation and explosion of artificial intelligence big models such as DeepSeek,Doubao and Dream,the business of many traditional industries has been more or less affected.However,with its super data...With the full implementation and explosion of artificial intelligence big models such as DeepSeek,Doubao and Dream,the business of many traditional industries has been more or less affected.However,with its super data processing ability and intelligent analysis ability,it has been warmly welcomed and widely used in the industry,and has also given rise to some innovative changes in the development of various industries.In this wave of artificial intelligence,AI technology is also constantly infiltrating into the field of education and mental health work,and the mental health work of college students is also ushering in new development and opportunities.This study investigates the application of AI technology in college students’psychological work,and analyzes that the application of AI technology can promote the breadth coverage and accuracy of college students’psychological work,and effectively improve the quality and efficiency of college students’mental health work.However,due to the limitations of AI technology’s own data calculation and objective existing data security problems,the application of AI technology can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of college students’mental health work.There may be certain deviations in the actual work process.Based on the above analysis,this paper can be used as a discussion on the application of AI technology in college students’mental health work.展开更多
The management of architectural decoration and renovation technology encompasses multiple aspects,including the implementation of design standards,process flow control,and material quality monitoring.Housing construct...The management of architectural decoration and renovation technology encompasses multiple aspects,including the implementation of design standards,process flow control,and material quality monitoring.Housing construction projects have specific requirements,such as cross-construction,finishing treatment,and finished product protection.The text also introduces BIM deepening design and modular installation techniques.It emphasizes the importance of material management,quality control,and the PDCA cycle,as well as various specialized inspections,smart site management,and mobile terminal applications.Intelligent management is seen as the future direction.展开更多
The Guidelines for the Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Courses at Institutions of Higher Learning emphasizes that“the construction of ideological and political education in courses is an import...The Guidelines for the Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Courses at Institutions of Higher Learning emphasizes that“the construction of ideological and political education in courses is an important task for comprehensively improving the quality of talent cultivation”and“clarifying the target requirements and key content of the construction of ideological and political education in courses.”In vocational colleges,as an important discipline in the field of information technology,the construction of ideological and political education in software technology courses is of great significance for cultivating students’comprehensive qualities and establishing correct values.Based on sorting out the core literacy of the construction of ideological and political education in software technology courses,this article actively explores its construction path,hoping to provide references for relevant educators.展开更多
Value-added evaluation focuses on individual student growth by tracking changes in academic performance,skills,literacy,etc.,at different time points.It weakens horizontal comparisons and emphasizes vertical progress ...Value-added evaluation focuses on individual student growth by tracking changes in academic performance,skills,literacy,etc.,at different time points.It weakens horizontal comparisons and emphasizes vertical progress to more fairly reflect educational effectiveness.This evaluation method is particularly suitable for vocational education,effectively motivating students’learning enthusiasm and enhancing their self-confidence.Foreign research is represented by the Tennessee Value-Added Assessment System(TVAAS),widely used in evaluating school quality and teacher performance.Domestic research currently focuses on the theoretical construction,model establishment,optimization,and practical application of value-added evaluation,still facing significant challenges in data collection comprehensiveness and model adaptability.Aiming at current issues,this study focuses on exploring the application of artificial intelligence large models in student value-added evaluation from an evidence-based perspective,committed to constructing an innovative evidence-based value-added evaluation system.It aims to achieve precise assessment of students’learning effect“net value-added”through multi-source data collection,intelligent analysis,and personalized feedback.The system integrates outcome evaluation,process evaluation,value-added evaluation,and comprehensive evaluation to form a“four-in-one”dynamic evaluation framework,considering students’starting points,process performance,and final achievements.In the future,value-added evaluation needs to further expand the assessment of non-academic dimensions(such as professional literacy and social-emotional skills)and explore the application of non-linear models to promote the deepening and innovation of educational evaluation reform.展开更多
The weak adsorption energy of oxygen-containing intermediates on Co center leads to a considerable performance dis-parity between Co-N-C and costly Pt benchmark in catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).In this wor...The weak adsorption energy of oxygen-containing intermediates on Co center leads to a considerable performance dis-parity between Co-N-C and costly Pt benchmark in catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).In this work,we strategi-cally engineer the active site structure of Co-N-C via B substitution,which is accomplished by the pyrolysis of ammonium borate.During this process,the in-situ generated NH_(3)gas plays a critical role in creating surface defects and boron atoms substituting nitrogen atoms in the carbon structure.The well-designed CoB_(1)N_(3)active site endows Co with higher charge density and stronger adsorption energy toward oxygen species,potentially accelerating ORR kinetics.As expected,the resulting Co-B/N-C catalyst exhibited superior ORR performance over Co-N-C counterpart,with 40 mV,and fivefold en-hancement in half-wave potential and turnover frequency(TOF).More importantly,the excellent ORR performance could be translated into membrane electrode assembly(MEA)in a fuel cell test,delivering an impressive peak power density of 824 mW·cm^(-2),which is currently the best among Co-based catalysts under the same conditions.This work not only demon-strates an effective method for designing advanced catalysts,but also affords a highly promising non-precious metal ORR electrocatalyst for fuel cell applications.展开更多
In this study,we present a unified sparsity-driven framework that significantly enhances motion deblurring performance by integrating two key components:a custom-designed dataset and a low-rank module(LRM).This framew...In this study,we present a unified sparsity-driven framework that significantly enhances motion deblurring performance by integrating two key components:a custom-designed dataset and a low-rank module(LRM).This framework leverages the inherent sparsity of per-pixel blur kernels to bolster both deblurring accuracy and model interpretability.Firstly,we propose an adaptive-basis decomposition-based deblurring(ADD)approach,which constructs a tailored training dataset to enhance the generalization capacity of the deblurring network.The ADD framework adaptively decomposes motion blur into sparse basis elements,effectively addressing the intricacies associated with non-uniform blurs.Secondly,an LRM is proposed to improve the interpretability of deblurring models as a plug-and-play module,primarily designed to identify and harness the intrinsic sparse features in sharp images.A series of ablation studies have been conducted to substantiate the synergistic advantages of combining the proposed ADD with the LRM for overall improvement in deblurring efficacy.Subsequently,we empirically demonstrate through rigorous experimentation that incorporating the LRM into an existing Uformer network leads to substantial enhancement in reconstruction performance.This integration yields a sparsity-guided low-rank network(SGLRN).Operating under the overarching principle of sparsity,SGLRN consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across multiple standard deblurring benchmarks.Comprehensive experimental results,assessed through quantitative metrics and qualitative visual evaluations,provide compelling evidence of its effectiveness.The overall deblurring results are available at Google Drive.展开更多
This study examined the relationship between transformational leadership and employee bootleg innovation through the mediating role of creative self-efficacy and the moderating role of leader-member exchange(LMX).Data...This study examined the relationship between transformational leadership and employee bootleg innovation through the mediating role of creative self-efficacy and the moderating role of leader-member exchange(LMX).Data were collected from 279 employees and 56 matched supervisors within a large Chinese digital transformation group.A moderated mediation model analysis found that transformational leadership predicts higher employee bootleg innovation.Creative self-efficacy mediated the positive relationship between transformational leadership and employee bootleg.Additionally,leader-member exchange significantly moderated the relationship between transformational leadership and creative self-efficacy,for a further enhancement of bootleg innovation.Thesefindings underscore the importance of transformative leadership in fostering digital employee innovation.This study provides further evidence of the relevance of self-determination theory in explaining the leadership and employee innovation,relationship within the context of digital transformation.By implication,creative self-efficacy and leader-member exchange are modifiable factors by digital transformation entities seeking a competitive advantage.展开更多
Tuojiang River Basin is a first-class tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River—which is the longest river in China.As phytoplankton are sensitive indicators of trophic changes inwater bodies,characterizing...Tuojiang River Basin is a first-class tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River—which is the longest river in China.As phytoplankton are sensitive indicators of trophic changes inwater bodies,characterizing phytoplankton communities and their growth influencing factors in polluted urban rivers can provide new ideas for pollution control.Here,we used direct microscopic count and environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding methods to investigate phytoplankton community structure in Tuojiang River Basin(Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China).The association between phytoplankton community structure and water environmental factors was evaluated by Mantel analysis.Additional environmental monitoring data were used to pinpoint major factors that influenced phytoplankton growth based on structural equation modeling.At the phylum level,the dominant phytoplankton taxa identified by the conventional microscopic method mainly belonged to Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta,and Cyanophyta,in contrast with Chlorophyta,Dinophyceae,and Bacillariophyta identified by eDNA metabarcoding.Inα-diversity analysis,eDNA metabarcoding detected greater species diversity and achieved higher precision than the microscopic method.Phytoplankton growth was largely limited by phosphorus based on the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios>16:1 in all water samples.Redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling also confirmed that the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio was the principal factor influencing phytoplankton growth.The results could be useful for implementing comprehensive management of the river basin environment.It is recommended to control the discharge of point-and surface-source pollutants and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in areas with excessive nutrients(e.g.,Jianyang-Ziyang).Algae monitoring techniques and removal strategies should be improved in 201 Hospital,Hongrihe Bridge and Colmar Town areas.展开更多
In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defe...In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defect prediction methods based on software metric elements highly rely on software metric data.However,redundant software metric data is not conducive to efficient defect prediction,posing severe challenges to current software defect prediction tasks.To address these issues,this paper focuses on the rational clustering of software metric data.Firstly,multiple software projects are evaluated to determine the preset number of clusters for software metrics,and various clustering methods are employed to cluster the metric elements.Subsequently,a co-occurrence matrix is designed to comprehensively quantify the number of times that metrics appear in the same category.Based on the comprehensive results,the software metric data are divided into two semantic views containing different metrics,thereby analyzing the semantic information behind the software metrics.On this basis,this paper also conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of different semantic view of metrics on defect prediction results,as well as the performance of various classification models under these semantic views.Experiments show that the joint use of the two semantic views can significantly improve the performance of models in software defect prediction,providing a new understanding and approach at the semantic view level for defect prediction research based on software metrics.展开更多
Manipulating catalyst structures to control product selectivity while maintaining high activity presents a considerable challenge in CO_(2)hydrogenation.Combining density functional theory calculations and microkineti...Manipulating catalyst structures to control product selectivity while maintaining high activity presents a considerable challenge in CO_(2)hydrogenation.Combining density functional theory calculations and microkinetic analysis,we proposed that graphene-supported isolated Pt atoms(Pt1/graphene)and Pt_(2)dimers(Pt_(2)/graphene)exhibited distinct selectivity in CO_(2)hydrogenation.Pt_(1)/graphene facilitated the conversion of CO_(2)into formic acid,whereas Pt_(2)/graphene favored methanol generation.The variation in product selectivity arose from the synergistic interaction of Pt_(2)dimers,which facilitated the migration of H atoms between two Pt atoms and promoted the transformation from*COOH intermediates to*C(OH)_(2)intermediates,altering the reaction pathways compared to isolated Pt atoms.Additionally,an analysis of the catalytic activities of three Pt_(1)/graphene and three Pt_(2)/graphene structures revealed that the turnover frequencies for formic acid generation on Pt_(1ii)/graphene and methanol generation on Pt_(2i)/graphene were as high as 744.48 h-1and 789.48 h^(-1),respectively.These values rivaled or even surpassed those previously reported in the literature under identical conditions.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing catalyst structures to achieve desired products in CO_(2)hydrogenation.展开更多
Zn-air battery(ZAB)has garnered significant attention owing to its environmental friendliness and safety attributes.A critical challenge in advancing ZAB technology lies in the development of high-performance and cost...Zn-air battery(ZAB)has garnered significant attention owing to its environmental friendliness and safety attributes.A critical challenge in advancing ZAB technology lies in the development of high-performance and cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen redox reactions(OER and ORR).Herein,we report Co/Fe carbon-supported composites as efficient bifunctional catalyst encapsulated in oxidative ammonolysis modified lignin-derived N-doped biochar(Co Fe-Co_(x)N@NOALC).It exhibited exceptional electrochemical performance in aqueous ZAB owing to their uniform dispersed and small particle size,with a peak power density of 154 mW/cm^(2)and a specific capacity of 770 mAh/g.Most notably,it exhibited a long cycle stability,surpassing 1500 h at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2),with a mere 11.4%decrease in the chargedischarge efficiency of the battery.This study proposes a viable strategy for enhancing the performance and reducing the cost of Zn-air batteries through the utilization of biomass-derived materials.展开更多
Optical isolators,the photonic analogs of electronic diodes,are essential for ensuring the unidirectional flow of light in optical systems,thereby mitigating the destabilizing effects of back reflections.Thin-film lit...Optical isolators,the photonic analogs of electronic diodes,are essential for ensuring the unidirectional flow of light in optical systems,thereby mitigating the destabilizing effects of back reflections.Thin-film lithium niobate(TFLN),hailed as“the silicon of photonics,”has emerged as a pivotal material in the realm of chip-scale nonlinear optics,propelling the demand for compact optical isolators.We report a breakthrough in the development of a fully passive,integrated optical isolator on the TFLN platform,leveraging the Kerr effect to achieve an impressive 10.3 dB of isolation with a minimal insertion loss of 1.87 dB.Further theoretical simulations have demonstrated that our design,when applied to a microring resonator with a Q factor of 5×10^(6),can achieve 20 dB of isolation with an input power of merely 8 mW.This advancement underscores the immense potential of lithium niobate-based Kerr-effect isolators in propelling the integration and application of high-performance on-chip lasers,heralding a new era in integrated photonics.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a refractory autoimmune disease with limited treatment options.Plantderived exosomes-like nanovesicles(PDENs)have emerged as a novel nanomedical approach,with the inherent bioactive compound...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a refractory autoimmune disease with limited treatment options.Plantderived exosomes-like nanovesicles(PDENs)have emerged as a novel nanomedical approach,with the inherent bioactive compounds from their source plants.The roots of Morinda officinalis How.(MO),a Chinese herb,exhibit notable anti-inflammatory activities and hold promising therapeutic value.We engineered a joint-targe ting delivery system(termed MOE@EM)by masking MO-derived exosomes-like nanovesicles(MOE)with erythrocyte membrane(EM).This biomimetic strategy,using EM camouflage,is intended to improve the in vivo fate of MOE.We investigated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities,immunogenicity,drug accumulation in the joint,and therapeutic efficacy to ascertain its suitability for RA therapy.UV irradiation significantly increased the activities of catalase and peroxidase of MOE,and enhanced the anti-inflammatory effects via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Furthermore,MOE@EM markedly attenuated dendritic cell activation.MOE@EM exhibited joint-specific delivery,with substantial reduction in paw swelling,and favorable modulation of immune microenvironment.展开更多
Teleost peripheral blood contains a remarkably high proportion of B cells,accounting for 15%-50%of circulating lymphocytes.However,their immune responses to bacterial infection are yet to be elucidated.In the present ...Teleost peripheral blood contains a remarkably high proportion of B cells,accounting for 15%-50%of circulating lymphocytes.However,their immune responses to bacterial infection are yet to be elucidated.In the present study,10×Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was employed to characterize the transcriptomic landscape of peripheral blood IgM^(+)B cells in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)following challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila,a major aquatic pathogen.Six transcriptionally distinct IgM^(+)B cell subpopulations were identified,including(im)mature B cells,innate B cells,proliferating B cells,IgD^(high)B cells,and two infection-induced subsets denoted as infectionⅠandⅡB cells.Bacterial infection altered the cellular heterogeneity of IgM^(+)B cells,triggered metabolic reprogramming in(im)mature and innate B cell subpopulations,and enhanced the immunological activation of circulating B cells.Notably,infectionⅠB cells demonstrated robust induction of interferonφ1(IFNφ1),a type I IFN,following A.hydrophila exposure.This induction was further validated through in vitro bacterial stimulation,indicating that teleost B cells actively contribute to innate antibacterial responses through IFN signaling.Additionally,the IgD^(high)B cell subpopulation remained consistently present in peripheral blood across both infected and uninfected states,pointing to a constitutive and likely mature phenotype.These findings significantly advance our understanding of the heterogeneity of peripheral blood IgM^(+)B cells and provide new insights into IgM^(+)B cell-mediated immune responses in teleost fish.展开更多
Precision medicine has become a cornerstone in modern therapeutic strategies, with nucleic acid aptamers emerging aspivotal tools due to their unique properties. These oligonucleotide fragments, selected through the S...Precision medicine has become a cornerstone in modern therapeutic strategies, with nucleic acid aptamers emerging aspivotal tools due to their unique properties. These oligonucleotide fragments, selected through the Systematic Evolution ofLigands by Exponential Enrichment process, exhibit high affinity and specificity toward their targets, such as DNA, RNA,proteins, and other biomolecules. Nucleic acid aptamers offer significant advantages over traditional therapeutic agents,including superior biological stability, minimal immunogenicity, and the capacity for universal chemical modifications thatenhance their in vivo performance and targeting precision. In the realm of osseous tissue repair and regeneration, a complexphysiological process essential for maintaining skeletal integrity, aptamers have shown remarkable potential in influencingmolecular pathways crucial for bone regeneration, promoting osteogenic differentiation and supporting osteoblast survival. Byengineering aptamers to regulate inflammatory responses and facilitate the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts,these oligonucleotides can be integrated into advanced drug delivery systems, significantly improving bone repair efficacywhile minimizing adverse effects. Aptamer-mediated strategies, including the use of siRNA and miRNA mimics or inhibitors,have shown efficacy in enhancing bone mass and microstructure. These approaches hold transformative potential for treatinga range of orthopedic conditions like osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, and osteoarthritis. This review synthesizes the molecularmechanisms and biological roles of aptamers in orthopedic diseases, emphasizing their potential to drive innovative andeffective therapeutic interventions.展开更多
Developing nonprecious electrocatalysts with bifunctional performances for oxygen reduction(ORR)and evolution reactions(OER)remains a crucial challenge in rechargeable Zn-air batteries(RZABs).In this study,we report t...Developing nonprecious electrocatalysts with bifunctional performances for oxygen reduction(ORR)and evolution reactions(OER)remains a crucial challenge in rechargeable Zn-air batteries(RZABs).In this study,we report the synthesis of a three-dimensional(3D)porous N,P-doped carbon-wrapped cobalt phosphide composite(Co2P@3DNPC)via direct calcination of a novel organic/inorganic porous coordi-nation polymer by an in-situ phosphating strategy.DFT calculations demonstrate the intricate interac-tions occurring during the PEI-directed grinding self-assembly process among Co^(2+),phytic acid(PA),and polyethylenimine(PEI).Specifically,Co^(2+)ions initially adsorb onto PEI molecules before integrating with PA to form a 3D coordination polymer matrix.As-fabricated Co2P@3DNPC composite exhibits impressive ORR/OER bifunctional performances,with a half-wave potential of 0.78 V and an overpotential of 1.71 V,respectively.Its bifunctional activities enable a power density of 148.5 mW cm^(-2)in rechargeable ZABs,with remarkable stability(>480 h)during a discharge-charge cycle.The interconnected porous structure and embedded Co2P nanoparticles optimize the electrode-electrolyte interfacial contact,boosting energy density and cycle life of as-assembled ZABs.This innovative approach paves the way for efficient,cost-effective production of bifunctional electrocatalysts for RZABs.展开更多
基金supported by the Special Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)“The Uniqueness of China’s Demographic Transition,Its Economic Impact,and Policy Implications”(Grant No.72141310)the Major Economic and Social Survey Project of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS)“China Urban Labor Survey”(Grant No.GQDC2023022)the Comprehensive Grant of CASS Affiliated Institute Laboratories“Population Simulation and Employment Monitoring Laboratory”(Grant No.2024SYZH008).
文摘To gain an in-depth understanding of China’s urban labor market,the Institute of Population and Labor Economics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(IPLE-CASS)conducted the fifth wave of the China Urban Labor Survey in 2023,which covers eight major representative cities.The survey collected 9,122 household questionnaires and 26,145 individual questionnaires from 381 neighborhood committees.Based on this data,the report systematically analyzes employment,wages,educational attainment,and social security among China’s urban workforce.Key findings include an inverted U-shaped age pattern of labor force participation,with a widening gender gap after childbearing age.Additionally,job search methods combine market-based channels with traditional social networks.Notably,the gender wage gap persists and widens over the life cycle,while employed women now have higher average years of schooling than men.Rural-to-urban migrants show higher labor force participation rates but remain disadvantaged in wages,education,and social security coverage.Thus,this survey provides a comprehensive picture of the structural characteristics and challenges of China’s urban labor market,providing a solid data foundation for academic research and public policy design.
基金This paper is the research result of“Research on Innovation of Evidence-Based Teaching Paradigm in Vocational Education under the Background of New Quality Productivity”(2024JXQ176)the Shandong Province Artificial Intelligence Education Research Project(SDDJ202501035),which explores the application of artificial intelligence big models in student value-added evaluation from an evidence-based perspective。
文摘Based on the educational evaluation reform,this study explores the construction of an evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven,aiming to solve the limitations of traditional evaluation methods.The research adopts the method of combining theoretical analysis and practical application,and designs the evidence-based value-added evaluation framework,which includes the core elements of a multi-source heterogeneous data acquisition and processing system,a value-added evaluation agent based on a large model,and an evaluation implementation and application mechanism.Through empirical research verification,the evaluation system has remarkable effects in improving learning participation,promoting ability development,and supporting teaching decision-making,and provides a theoretical reference and practical path for educational evaluation reform in the new era.The research shows that the evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven can reflect students’actual progress more fairly and objectively by accurately measuring the difference in starting point and development range of students,and provide strong support for the realization of high-quality education development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81921006(to GHL)。
文摘The oral cavity is a complex physiological community encompassing a wide range of microorganisms.Dysbiosis of oral microbiota can lead to various oral infectious diseases,such as periodontitis and tooth decay,and even affect systemic health,including brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases.Recent studies have highlighted how oral microbes might be involved in brain aging and neurodegeneration,indicating potential avenues for intervention strategies.In this review,we summarize clinical evidence demonstrating a link between oral microbes/oral infectious diseases and brain aging/neurodegenerative diseases,and dissect potential mechanisms by which oral microbes contribute to brain aging and neurodegeneration.We also highlight advances in therapeutic development grounded in the realm of oral microbes,with the goal of advancing brain health and promoting healthy aging.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Commission of Education,No.SM202214075001。
文摘BACKGROUND Adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD)is a rare autoinflammatory disease charac-terized by nonspecific symptoms such as fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.This paper reports a clinical case of AOSD successfully treated with Bo’s abdo-minal acupuncture(BAA).CASE SUMMARY We report a 20-year-old man who suffered from cold exposure,presenting with high fever,rash,sore throat,arthralgia,and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate,leukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance,elevated ferritin,elevated C-reactive protein,and negative rheumatoid factors.He was diagnosed with AOSD based on the Yamaguchi criteria.After treatment with traditional Chinese medi-cine(TCM)decoction and prednisone acetate tablets,there was some alleviation of sore throat,joint and muscle pain,and fever,but he still had persistent low-grade fever,rash,sore throat and arthralgia.He went to the TCM acupuncture outpatient department to receive BAA.Abdominal acupoints Zhongwan(CV12),Xiawan(CV10),0.5 cm below Xiawan(CV10),Qihai(CV6),Guanyuan(CV4),bilateral Qixue(KI13),bilateral Huaroumen(ST24),bilateral Shangfengshidian(AB1)and bilateral Daheng(SP15)were selected.After 3 months treatment,all symptoms disappeared,and the laboratory examination returned to normal levels.He did not take glucocorticoids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs afterwards,and no relapse was observed during the 3-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION BAA can be used as a complementary medical approach for treatment of AOSD.
文摘With the full implementation and explosion of artificial intelligence big models such as DeepSeek,Doubao and Dream,the business of many traditional industries has been more or less affected.However,with its super data processing ability and intelligent analysis ability,it has been warmly welcomed and widely used in the industry,and has also given rise to some innovative changes in the development of various industries.In this wave of artificial intelligence,AI technology is also constantly infiltrating into the field of education and mental health work,and the mental health work of college students is also ushering in new development and opportunities.This study investigates the application of AI technology in college students’psychological work,and analyzes that the application of AI technology can promote the breadth coverage and accuracy of college students’psychological work,and effectively improve the quality and efficiency of college students’mental health work.However,due to the limitations of AI technology’s own data calculation and objective existing data security problems,the application of AI technology can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of college students’mental health work.There may be certain deviations in the actual work process.Based on the above analysis,this paper can be used as a discussion on the application of AI technology in college students’mental health work.
文摘The management of architectural decoration and renovation technology encompasses multiple aspects,including the implementation of design standards,process flow control,and material quality monitoring.Housing construction projects have specific requirements,such as cross-construction,finishing treatment,and finished product protection.The text also introduces BIM deepening design and modular installation techniques.It emphasizes the importance of material management,quality control,and the PDCA cycle,as well as various specialized inspections,smart site management,and mobile terminal applications.Intelligent management is seen as the future direction.
文摘The Guidelines for the Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Courses at Institutions of Higher Learning emphasizes that“the construction of ideological and political education in courses is an important task for comprehensively improving the quality of talent cultivation”and“clarifying the target requirements and key content of the construction of ideological and political education in courses.”In vocational colleges,as an important discipline in the field of information technology,the construction of ideological and political education in software technology courses is of great significance for cultivating students’comprehensive qualities and establishing correct values.Based on sorting out the core literacy of the construction of ideological and political education in software technology courses,this article actively explores its construction path,hoping to provide references for relevant educators.
基金Artificial Intelligence Education Research Project of Shandong Provincial Audio-Visual Education Center“Exploration of the Application of Large-scale AI Models in Student Value-added Evaluation from an Evidence-based Perspective”(SDDJ202501035)。
文摘Value-added evaluation focuses on individual student growth by tracking changes in academic performance,skills,literacy,etc.,at different time points.It weakens horizontal comparisons and emphasizes vertical progress to more fairly reflect educational effectiveness.This evaluation method is particularly suitable for vocational education,effectively motivating students’learning enthusiasm and enhancing their self-confidence.Foreign research is represented by the Tennessee Value-Added Assessment System(TVAAS),widely used in evaluating school quality and teacher performance.Domestic research currently focuses on the theoretical construction,model establishment,optimization,and practical application of value-added evaluation,still facing significant challenges in data collection comprehensiveness and model adaptability.Aiming at current issues,this study focuses on exploring the application of artificial intelligence large models in student value-added evaluation from an evidence-based perspective,committed to constructing an innovative evidence-based value-added evaluation system.It aims to achieve precise assessment of students’learning effect“net value-added”through multi-source data collection,intelligent analysis,and personalized feedback.The system integrates outcome evaluation,process evaluation,value-added evaluation,and comprehensive evaluation to form a“four-in-one”dynamic evaluation framework,considering students’starting points,process performance,and final achievements.In the future,value-added evaluation needs to further expand the assessment of non-academic dimensions(such as professional literacy and social-emotional skills)and explore the application of non-linear models to promote the deepening and innovation of educational evaluation reform.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4004100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272161,22179126)+1 种基金the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program(YDZJ202202CXJD011,20240101019JC)Jilin Province major science and technology project(222648GX0105103875)for financial supports.
文摘The weak adsorption energy of oxygen-containing intermediates on Co center leads to a considerable performance dis-parity between Co-N-C and costly Pt benchmark in catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).In this work,we strategi-cally engineer the active site structure of Co-N-C via B substitution,which is accomplished by the pyrolysis of ammonium borate.During this process,the in-situ generated NH_(3)gas plays a critical role in creating surface defects and boron atoms substituting nitrogen atoms in the carbon structure.The well-designed CoB_(1)N_(3)active site endows Co with higher charge density and stronger adsorption energy toward oxygen species,potentially accelerating ORR kinetics.As expected,the resulting Co-B/N-C catalyst exhibited superior ORR performance over Co-N-C counterpart,with 40 mV,and fivefold en-hancement in half-wave potential and turnover frequency(TOF).More importantly,the excellent ORR performance could be translated into membrane electrode assembly(MEA)in a fuel cell test,delivering an impressive peak power density of 824 mW·cm^(-2),which is currently the best among Co-based catalysts under the same conditions.This work not only demon-strates an effective method for designing advanced catalysts,but also affords a highly promising non-precious metal ORR electrocatalyst for fuel cell applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62206143)the Key Research and Development and Promotion Special Project in Henan Province(Nos.222102210141 and 232102211015)。
文摘In this study,we present a unified sparsity-driven framework that significantly enhances motion deblurring performance by integrating two key components:a custom-designed dataset and a low-rank module(LRM).This framework leverages the inherent sparsity of per-pixel blur kernels to bolster both deblurring accuracy and model interpretability.Firstly,we propose an adaptive-basis decomposition-based deblurring(ADD)approach,which constructs a tailored training dataset to enhance the generalization capacity of the deblurring network.The ADD framework adaptively decomposes motion blur into sparse basis elements,effectively addressing the intricacies associated with non-uniform blurs.Secondly,an LRM is proposed to improve the interpretability of deblurring models as a plug-and-play module,primarily designed to identify and harness the intrinsic sparse features in sharp images.A series of ablation studies have been conducted to substantiate the synergistic advantages of combining the proposed ADD with the LRM for overall improvement in deblurring efficacy.Subsequently,we empirically demonstrate through rigorous experimentation that incorporating the LRM into an existing Uformer network leads to substantial enhancement in reconstruction performance.This integration yields a sparsity-guided low-rank network(SGLRN).Operating under the overarching principle of sparsity,SGLRN consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across multiple standard deblurring benchmarks.Comprehensive experimental results,assessed through quantitative metrics and qualitative visual evaluations,provide compelling evidence of its effectiveness.The overall deblurring results are available at Google Drive.
基金supported by the China Association of Trade in Services(CATIS-PR-250225).
文摘This study examined the relationship between transformational leadership and employee bootleg innovation through the mediating role of creative self-efficacy and the moderating role of leader-member exchange(LMX).Data were collected from 279 employees and 56 matched supervisors within a large Chinese digital transformation group.A moderated mediation model analysis found that transformational leadership predicts higher employee bootleg innovation.Creative self-efficacy mediated the positive relationship between transformational leadership and employee bootleg.Additionally,leader-member exchange significantly moderated the relationship between transformational leadership and creative self-efficacy,for a further enhancement of bootleg innovation.Thesefindings underscore the importance of transformative leadership in fostering digital employee innovation.This study provides further evidence of the relevance of self-determination theory in explaining the leadership and employee innovation,relationship within the context of digital transformation.By implication,creative self-efficacy and leader-member exchange are modifiable factors by digital transformation entities seeking a competitive advantage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.72091511)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hebei Province (No.E2022402064).
文摘Tuojiang River Basin is a first-class tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River—which is the longest river in China.As phytoplankton are sensitive indicators of trophic changes inwater bodies,characterizing phytoplankton communities and their growth influencing factors in polluted urban rivers can provide new ideas for pollution control.Here,we used direct microscopic count and environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding methods to investigate phytoplankton community structure in Tuojiang River Basin(Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China).The association between phytoplankton community structure and water environmental factors was evaluated by Mantel analysis.Additional environmental monitoring data were used to pinpoint major factors that influenced phytoplankton growth based on structural equation modeling.At the phylum level,the dominant phytoplankton taxa identified by the conventional microscopic method mainly belonged to Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta,and Cyanophyta,in contrast with Chlorophyta,Dinophyceae,and Bacillariophyta identified by eDNA metabarcoding.Inα-diversity analysis,eDNA metabarcoding detected greater species diversity and achieved higher precision than the microscopic method.Phytoplankton growth was largely limited by phosphorus based on the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios>16:1 in all water samples.Redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling also confirmed that the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio was the principal factor influencing phytoplankton growth.The results could be useful for implementing comprehensive management of the river basin environment.It is recommended to control the discharge of point-and surface-source pollutants and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in areas with excessive nutrients(e.g.,Jianyang-Ziyang).Algae monitoring techniques and removal strategies should be improved in 201 Hospital,Hongrihe Bridge and Colmar Town areas.
基金supported by the CCF-NSFOCUS‘Kunpeng’Research Fund(CCF-NSFOCUS2024012).
文摘In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defect prediction methods based on software metric elements highly rely on software metric data.However,redundant software metric data is not conducive to efficient defect prediction,posing severe challenges to current software defect prediction tasks.To address these issues,this paper focuses on the rational clustering of software metric data.Firstly,multiple software projects are evaluated to determine the preset number of clusters for software metrics,and various clustering methods are employed to cluster the metric elements.Subsequently,a co-occurrence matrix is designed to comprehensively quantify the number of times that metrics appear in the same category.Based on the comprehensive results,the software metric data are divided into two semantic views containing different metrics,thereby analyzing the semantic information behind the software metrics.On this basis,this paper also conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of different semantic view of metrics on defect prediction results,as well as the performance of various classification models under these semantic views.Experiments show that the joint use of the two semantic views can significantly improve the performance of models in software defect prediction,providing a new understanding and approach at the semantic view level for defect prediction research based on software metrics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2022YFA1505800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22373092)+5 种基金CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-051)China Association for Science and Technology(No.YESS20200031)the Start-up Funding of Central South University(No.502045005)Industry-University-Research Cooperation Projects with Zhejiang NHU Co.,Ltd.Ningbo Fengcheng Advanced Energy Materials Research Institutesupported by USTC Tang Scholarship。
文摘Manipulating catalyst structures to control product selectivity while maintaining high activity presents a considerable challenge in CO_(2)hydrogenation.Combining density functional theory calculations and microkinetic analysis,we proposed that graphene-supported isolated Pt atoms(Pt1/graphene)and Pt_(2)dimers(Pt_(2)/graphene)exhibited distinct selectivity in CO_(2)hydrogenation.Pt_(1)/graphene facilitated the conversion of CO_(2)into formic acid,whereas Pt_(2)/graphene favored methanol generation.The variation in product selectivity arose from the synergistic interaction of Pt_(2)dimers,which facilitated the migration of H atoms between two Pt atoms and promoted the transformation from*COOH intermediates to*C(OH)_(2)intermediates,altering the reaction pathways compared to isolated Pt atoms.Additionally,an analysis of the catalytic activities of three Pt_(1)/graphene and three Pt_(2)/graphene structures revealed that the turnover frequencies for formic acid generation on Pt_(1ii)/graphene and methanol generation on Pt_(2i)/graphene were as high as 744.48 h-1and 789.48 h^(-1),respectively.These values rivaled or even surpassed those previously reported in the literature under identical conditions.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing catalyst structures to achieve desired products in CO_(2)hydrogenation.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A6005 and 22178069)。
文摘Zn-air battery(ZAB)has garnered significant attention owing to its environmental friendliness and safety attributes.A critical challenge in advancing ZAB technology lies in the development of high-performance and cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen redox reactions(OER and ORR).Herein,we report Co/Fe carbon-supported composites as efficient bifunctional catalyst encapsulated in oxidative ammonolysis modified lignin-derived N-doped biochar(Co Fe-Co_(x)N@NOALC).It exhibited exceptional electrochemical performance in aqueous ZAB owing to their uniform dispersed and small particle size,with a peak power density of 154 mW/cm^(2)and a specific capacity of 770 mAh/g.Most notably,it exhibited a long cycle stability,surpassing 1500 h at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2),with a mere 11.4%decrease in the chargedischarge efficiency of the battery.This study proposes a viable strategy for enhancing the performance and reducing the cost of Zn-air batteries through the utilization of biomass-derived materials.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFF0712800 and 2019YFA0308700)。
文摘Optical isolators,the photonic analogs of electronic diodes,are essential for ensuring the unidirectional flow of light in optical systems,thereby mitigating the destabilizing effects of back reflections.Thin-film lithium niobate(TFLN),hailed as“the silicon of photonics,”has emerged as a pivotal material in the realm of chip-scale nonlinear optics,propelling the demand for compact optical isolators.We report a breakthrough in the development of a fully passive,integrated optical isolator on the TFLN platform,leveraging the Kerr effect to achieve an impressive 10.3 dB of isolation with a minimal insertion loss of 1.87 dB.Further theoretical simulations have demonstrated that our design,when applied to a microring resonator with a Q factor of 5×10^(6),can achieve 20 dB of isolation with an input power of merely 8 mW.This advancement underscores the immense potential of lithium niobate-based Kerr-effect isolators in propelling the integration and application of high-performance on-chip lasers,heralding a new era in integrated photonics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2021YFC2400600,2022YFE0203600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81925035,82304842,82204628)+6 种基金High-level Innovative Research Institute(No.2021B0909050003)Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative(No.2024VBB0004)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects in Zhongshan City(Nos.LJ2021001,CXTD2022011)the Social Welfare and Basic Research Projects in Zhongshan(No.221014134359625)the Special Projects in Key Areas of Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province(No.2022ZDZX2015)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.2024A04J4899)Young Talent Project of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(No.A1–2601–24–414–110Z76)。
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a refractory autoimmune disease with limited treatment options.Plantderived exosomes-like nanovesicles(PDENs)have emerged as a novel nanomedical approach,with the inherent bioactive compounds from their source plants.The roots of Morinda officinalis How.(MO),a Chinese herb,exhibit notable anti-inflammatory activities and hold promising therapeutic value.We engineered a joint-targe ting delivery system(termed MOE@EM)by masking MO-derived exosomes-like nanovesicles(MOE)with erythrocyte membrane(EM).This biomimetic strategy,using EM camouflage,is intended to improve the in vivo fate of MOE.We investigated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities,immunogenicity,drug accumulation in the joint,and therapeutic efficacy to ascertain its suitability for RA therapy.UV irradiation significantly increased the activities of catalase and peroxidase of MOE,and enhanced the anti-inflammatory effects via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Furthermore,MOE@EM markedly attenuated dendritic cell activation.MOE@EM exhibited joint-specific delivery,with substantial reduction in paw swelling,and favorable modulation of immune microenvironment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32373162,31972824)Major Science and Technology Project of Hubei Province(2023BBA001),HZAU-AGIS Cooperation Fund(SZYJY2023006)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-46)。
文摘Teleost peripheral blood contains a remarkably high proportion of B cells,accounting for 15%-50%of circulating lymphocytes.However,their immune responses to bacterial infection are yet to be elucidated.In the present study,10×Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was employed to characterize the transcriptomic landscape of peripheral blood IgM^(+)B cells in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)following challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila,a major aquatic pathogen.Six transcriptionally distinct IgM^(+)B cell subpopulations were identified,including(im)mature B cells,innate B cells,proliferating B cells,IgD^(high)B cells,and two infection-induced subsets denoted as infectionⅠandⅡB cells.Bacterial infection altered the cellular heterogeneity of IgM^(+)B cells,triggered metabolic reprogramming in(im)mature and innate B cell subpopulations,and enhanced the immunological activation of circulating B cells.Notably,infectionⅠB cells demonstrated robust induction of interferonφ1(IFNφ1),a type I IFN,following A.hydrophila exposure.This induction was further validated through in vitro bacterial stimulation,indicating that teleost B cells actively contribute to innate antibacterial responses through IFN signaling.Additionally,the IgD^(high)B cell subpopulation remained consistently present in peripheral blood across both infected and uninfected states,pointing to a constitutive and likely mature phenotype.These findings significantly advance our understanding of the heterogeneity of peripheral blood IgM^(+)B cells and provide new insights into IgM^(+)B cell-mediated immune responses in teleost fish.
基金Key research and development projects of Sichuan Science and Technology Plan Project(2024YFFK0135)Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2024J011450).
文摘Precision medicine has become a cornerstone in modern therapeutic strategies, with nucleic acid aptamers emerging aspivotal tools due to their unique properties. These oligonucleotide fragments, selected through the Systematic Evolution ofLigands by Exponential Enrichment process, exhibit high affinity and specificity toward their targets, such as DNA, RNA,proteins, and other biomolecules. Nucleic acid aptamers offer significant advantages over traditional therapeutic agents,including superior biological stability, minimal immunogenicity, and the capacity for universal chemical modifications thatenhance their in vivo performance and targeting precision. In the realm of osseous tissue repair and regeneration, a complexphysiological process essential for maintaining skeletal integrity, aptamers have shown remarkable potential in influencingmolecular pathways crucial for bone regeneration, promoting osteogenic differentiation and supporting osteoblast survival. Byengineering aptamers to regulate inflammatory responses and facilitate the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts,these oligonucleotides can be integrated into advanced drug delivery systems, significantly improving bone repair efficacywhile minimizing adverse effects. Aptamer-mediated strategies, including the use of siRNA and miRNA mimics or inhibitors,have shown efficacy in enhancing bone mass and microstructure. These approaches hold transformative potential for treatinga range of orthopedic conditions like osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, and osteoarthritis. This review synthesizes the molecularmechanisms and biological roles of aptamers in orthopedic diseases, emphasizing their potential to drive innovative andeffective therapeutic interventions.
基金supported by the Research Project of the Hubei Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.Q20232503)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation and Huangshi of China(No.2022CFD039)+8 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075072 and 52301272)the Program for Innovative Teams of Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Researchers in the Higher Education Institutions of Hubei Province(No.T2021010)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2023AFB1010)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ23E020002)the Wenzhou Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Project(No.ZG2023053)the Wenzhou Natural Science Foundation(No.G20220019)the Cooperation between industry and education project of Ministry of Education(No.220601318235513)the Wenzhou Science and Technology Association Serves Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects(KJFW0201)The State Key Laboratory funding of Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact(No.LGD-SKL-202203).
文摘Developing nonprecious electrocatalysts with bifunctional performances for oxygen reduction(ORR)and evolution reactions(OER)remains a crucial challenge in rechargeable Zn-air batteries(RZABs).In this study,we report the synthesis of a three-dimensional(3D)porous N,P-doped carbon-wrapped cobalt phosphide composite(Co2P@3DNPC)via direct calcination of a novel organic/inorganic porous coordi-nation polymer by an in-situ phosphating strategy.DFT calculations demonstrate the intricate interac-tions occurring during the PEI-directed grinding self-assembly process among Co^(2+),phytic acid(PA),and polyethylenimine(PEI).Specifically,Co^(2+)ions initially adsorb onto PEI molecules before integrating with PA to form a 3D coordination polymer matrix.As-fabricated Co2P@3DNPC composite exhibits impressive ORR/OER bifunctional performances,with a half-wave potential of 0.78 V and an overpotential of 1.71 V,respectively.Its bifunctional activities enable a power density of 148.5 mW cm^(-2)in rechargeable ZABs,with remarkable stability(>480 h)during a discharge-charge cycle.The interconnected porous structure and embedded Co2P nanoparticles optimize the electrode-electrolyte interfacial contact,boosting energy density and cycle life of as-assembled ZABs.This innovative approach paves the way for efficient,cost-effective production of bifunctional electrocatalysts for RZABs.
