Brucellosis is an urgent infectious disease of livestock and wild animals and the commonest human zoonosis. Diagnosis of brucellosis is rather complicated and it has to be obligatorily confirmed by laboratory testing....Brucellosis is an urgent infectious disease of livestock and wild animals and the commonest human zoonosis. Diagnosis of brucellosis is rather complicated and it has to be obligatorily confirmed by laboratory testing. Direct bacteriological and molecular methods and indirect serological tests are used for brucellosis diagnostics. The choice of the diagnostic tools depends on the overall epidemiological situation in the region and the objectives of the study: validation of the diagnosis, screening (monitoring), cross-sectional studies or confirmation of brucellosis-free status of the region. The review describes current bacteriological, serological and molecular methods, routinely used for the diagnosis of brucellosis in humans and animals. The perspectives of brucellosis diagnostics are also discussed.展开更多
The alternative types of composite structure made of wood and cement based building materials needs to meet with the high demand for earthquake-resistant houses in Indonesia. In order to understand the mechanism of ea...The alternative types of composite structure made of wood and cement based building materials needs to meet with the high demand for earthquake-resistant houses in Indonesia. In order to understand the mechanism of earthquake resisting performance of shear wall, it is necessary to investigate not only elastic behavior of shear walls but also non-linear one. In this study, series of full-scale experiments on timber frame shear walls composed of Akasia wood (Acacia mangium) sheathed by Fiber Cement Board (FCB) were carried out. For predicting skeleton curve, a series of theoretical equations was derived, which cannot only solve arbitrary nail pattern shear wall but also nonlinear behavior after yielding. Further, for describing hysteresis loops of shear walls, so-called Normalized Cyclic Loop (NCL) model was adopted. By combining two theoretical approaches, weintended to predict whole cyclic shear wall behaviors tested. Good agreements were obtained from comparison between experiment and prediction. The information obtain by this study will be useful for practical engineers or structural designers to design the high performance earthquake resisting timber houses.展开更多
The shear wall with and without openings that served as a structural element or/and partition wall was utilized in a low-cost housing for the low-income people in Indonesia. The houses,however,should be withstoodfrom ...The shear wall with and without openings that served as a structural element or/and partition wall was utilized in a low-cost housing for the low-income people in Indonesia. The houses,however,should be withstoodfrom earthquake inertial force, so there must be no casualties when disaster struck. The alternative types of composite structure made of wood and cement based building materials needed to meet with the high demand for earthquake-resistant houses in Indonesia. In order to understand the mechanism of earthquake resisting performance of shear wall, we needs to investigate behavior of shear wallsnot only for cyclic static but alsofor dynamic loading. In this study, theseries of full-scale experiment on timber frame shear walls with and without openings,compose of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) engineered wood (Paraserianthes Falcatariaand Hevea Brasiliensis) and sheathed by Fiber Cement Board (FCB), was carried out.By analyzing testing result using theoretical approaches, we intended to predict static initial stiffness and yielding strength as well as basic dynamic properties shear walls. For static behavior, good agreements were obtain from comparison between experiment and theoretical prediction based on mechanical model. While, for dynamic behavior, agreement was not sufficient due tothe effect of bending and rocking of actual test specimens. The information obtain by this study will be useful for practical engineers or structural designers to design the high performance earthquake resisting timber houses with a low construction cost.展开更多
High dielectric-permittivity(Ca_(0.5)Cu_(0.5))TiO_(3)-based ceramics have been prepared by a sol-gel method combined with a solid state sintering process.The results indicate that the additives of H_(3)BO_(3)have a re...High dielectric-permittivity(Ca_(0.5)Cu_(0.5))TiO_(3)-based ceramics have been prepared by a sol-gel method combined with a solid state sintering process.The results indicate that the additives of H_(3)BO_(3)have a remarkable effect on the sintering temperature,microstructure and dielectric properties.High density(Ca_(0.5)Cu_(0.5))TiO_(3).bulk ceramics can be obtained after sintering at 930℃.The as-sintered ceramics show high dielectric constants(~1000),and low losses(~0.05).The dielectric properties are nearly independent of frequency and temperature in a wide range.The activation energy is calculated as about_(0.5)0 eV by impedance spectrum method.展开更多
文摘Brucellosis is an urgent infectious disease of livestock and wild animals and the commonest human zoonosis. Diagnosis of brucellosis is rather complicated and it has to be obligatorily confirmed by laboratory testing. Direct bacteriological and molecular methods and indirect serological tests are used for brucellosis diagnostics. The choice of the diagnostic tools depends on the overall epidemiological situation in the region and the objectives of the study: validation of the diagnosis, screening (monitoring), cross-sectional studies or confirmation of brucellosis-free status of the region. The review describes current bacteriological, serological and molecular methods, routinely used for the diagnosis of brucellosis in humans and animals. The perspectives of brucellosis diagnostics are also discussed.
文摘The alternative types of composite structure made of wood and cement based building materials needs to meet with the high demand for earthquake-resistant houses in Indonesia. In order to understand the mechanism of earthquake resisting performance of shear wall, it is necessary to investigate not only elastic behavior of shear walls but also non-linear one. In this study, series of full-scale experiments on timber frame shear walls composed of Akasia wood (Acacia mangium) sheathed by Fiber Cement Board (FCB) were carried out. For predicting skeleton curve, a series of theoretical equations was derived, which cannot only solve arbitrary nail pattern shear wall but also nonlinear behavior after yielding. Further, for describing hysteresis loops of shear walls, so-called Normalized Cyclic Loop (NCL) model was adopted. By combining two theoretical approaches, weintended to predict whole cyclic shear wall behaviors tested. Good agreements were obtained from comparison between experiment and prediction. The information obtain by this study will be useful for practical engineers or structural designers to design the high performance earthquake resisting timber houses.
文摘The shear wall with and without openings that served as a structural element or/and partition wall was utilized in a low-cost housing for the low-income people in Indonesia. The houses,however,should be withstoodfrom earthquake inertial force, so there must be no casualties when disaster struck. The alternative types of composite structure made of wood and cement based building materials needed to meet with the high demand for earthquake-resistant houses in Indonesia. In order to understand the mechanism of earthquake resisting performance of shear wall, we needs to investigate behavior of shear wallsnot only for cyclic static but alsofor dynamic loading. In this study, theseries of full-scale experiment on timber frame shear walls with and without openings,compose of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) engineered wood (Paraserianthes Falcatariaand Hevea Brasiliensis) and sheathed by Fiber Cement Board (FCB), was carried out.By analyzing testing result using theoretical approaches, we intended to predict static initial stiffness and yielding strength as well as basic dynamic properties shear walls. For static behavior, good agreements were obtain from comparison between experiment and theoretical prediction based on mechanical model. While, for dynamic behavior, agreement was not sufficient due tothe effect of bending and rocking of actual test specimens. The information obtain by this study will be useful for practical engineers or structural designers to design the high performance earthquake resisting timber houses with a low construction cost.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China through a 973-Project under Grant No.2009CB623303,NSF of China(50737001,50972068)NSF of Beijing 2092016 and Scientific Research Project of Tsinghua University No.2009THZ08063.
文摘High dielectric-permittivity(Ca_(0.5)Cu_(0.5))TiO_(3)-based ceramics have been prepared by a sol-gel method combined with a solid state sintering process.The results indicate that the additives of H_(3)BO_(3)have a remarkable effect on the sintering temperature,microstructure and dielectric properties.High density(Ca_(0.5)Cu_(0.5))TiO_(3).bulk ceramics can be obtained after sintering at 930℃.The as-sintered ceramics show high dielectric constants(~1000),and low losses(~0.05).The dielectric properties are nearly independent of frequency and temperature in a wide range.The activation energy is calculated as about_(0.5)0 eV by impedance spectrum method.
