The advancement of medical science has elevated medical English to a critical role in facilitating international medical exchange and scientific collaboration.However,traditional medical English pedagogy often suffers...The advancement of medical science has elevated medical English to a critical role in facilitating international medical exchange and scientific collaboration.However,traditional medical English pedagogy often suffers from an overemphasis on linguistic knowledge at the expense of practical application and a teacher-centered approach that neglects knowledge construction.These limitations hinder the cultivation of interdisciplinary talents required for clinical practice and scientific research.Guided by constructivist learning theory and utilizing the teaching case of the course“Emerging Pathogenic Fungal Infections,”this study explores reform pathways through reconstructing teaching objectives,redesigning instructional processes,and optimizing assessment systems.Specifically,targeted curriculum enhancements were implemented to strengthen students’international literature reading proficiency.The reform aims to holistically improve students’ability to utilize medical English for solving practical problems,offering valuable insights for medical English education.展开更多
Neutrophils are the first line of defense in nonspecific immunity(innate immunity)and interact with other immune cells to participate in specific defense mechanisms(adaptive immunity).Studies have shown that the tumor...Neutrophils are the first line of defense in nonspecific immunity(innate immunity)and interact with other immune cells to participate in specific defense mechanisms(adaptive immunity).Studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment(TME)mediates tumor development and recruits neutrophils into tumors to become tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs),an important part of TME,and achieve extended lifespan.TANs can be differentiated into the antitumor or protumor phenotype,and play an important role in tumor occurrence,proliferation and recurrence,invasion and metastasis,angiogenesis,cell necrosis,and so on.Here,we summarize the TAN origin and subtypes found through Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis in different types of tumors in recent literature,and the molecular mechanisms underlying their antitumor and protumor effects on tumors.We focus on the interaction between TANs and immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory TME,as well as signal pathways such as transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β)associated with TAN phenotype transition.Based on the summarized mechanisms,we focus on the potential application and latest strategies of TAN-based immunotherapy,chemotherapy,and combination therapy in the preclinical study and clinical trials of tumors.The discussion on promising therapy encompasses five key areas:inhibition of the tumorpromoting effect of TANs,enhancement of the antitumor effect of TANs,targeting the interaction between TANs and the TME,reprogramming of TANs,and drug delivery carriers.Finally,we discuss the potential of TANs and their related markers as emerging biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of cancer patients.展开更多
DearEditor,Klebsiella pneumoniae,a member of the Enterobacterales,is a common resident of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals and is also ubiquitous in the environment.Klebsiella pneumoniae is also a comm...DearEditor,Klebsiella pneumoniae,a member of the Enterobacterales,is a common resident of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals and is also ubiquitous in the environment.Klebsiella pneumoniae is also a common pathogen recovered from clinical samples and is able to cause a wide range of infections including life-threatening bacteremia,meningitis,and pneumonia[1].β-Lactams,especially third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems,are mainstay antimicrobial options for infections caused by the Enterobacterales such as K.pneumoniae.Worryingly,K.pneumoniae has emerged as a major carrier of antimicrobial resistance determinants including those encoding extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBL)and carbapenem-hydrolyzingβ-lactamases(carbapenemases).展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.:82302546)。
文摘The advancement of medical science has elevated medical English to a critical role in facilitating international medical exchange and scientific collaboration.However,traditional medical English pedagogy often suffers from an overemphasis on linguistic knowledge at the expense of practical application and a teacher-centered approach that neglects knowledge construction.These limitations hinder the cultivation of interdisciplinary talents required for clinical practice and scientific research.Guided by constructivist learning theory and utilizing the teaching case of the course“Emerging Pathogenic Fungal Infections,”this study explores reform pathways through reconstructing teaching objectives,redesigning instructional processes,and optimizing assessment systems.Specifically,targeted curriculum enhancements were implemented to strengthen students’international literature reading proficiency.The reform aims to holistically improve students’ability to utilize medical English for solving practical problems,offering valuable insights for medical English education.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82072999,82172285,82241049,82273320,81972665)1·3·5 project of excellent development of discipline of West China Hospital of Sichuan University(No.ZYYC24002).
文摘Neutrophils are the first line of defense in nonspecific immunity(innate immunity)and interact with other immune cells to participate in specific defense mechanisms(adaptive immunity).Studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment(TME)mediates tumor development and recruits neutrophils into tumors to become tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs),an important part of TME,and achieve extended lifespan.TANs can be differentiated into the antitumor or protumor phenotype,and play an important role in tumor occurrence,proliferation and recurrence,invasion and metastasis,angiogenesis,cell necrosis,and so on.Here,we summarize the TAN origin and subtypes found through Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis in different types of tumors in recent literature,and the molecular mechanisms underlying their antitumor and protumor effects on tumors.We focus on the interaction between TANs and immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory TME,as well as signal pathways such as transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β)associated with TAN phenotype transition.Based on the summarized mechanisms,we focus on the potential application and latest strategies of TAN-based immunotherapy,chemotherapy,and combination therapy in the preclinical study and clinical trials of tumors.The discussion on promising therapy encompasses five key areas:inhibition of the tumorpromoting effect of TANs,enhancement of the antitumor effect of TANs,targeting the interaction between TANs and the TME,reprogramming of TANs,and drug delivery carriers.Finally,we discuss the potential of TANs and their related markers as emerging biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of cancer patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC2308800)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2023NSFSC1697)the 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital of Sichuan University(Grant No.ZYGD22001).
文摘DearEditor,Klebsiella pneumoniae,a member of the Enterobacterales,is a common resident of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals and is also ubiquitous in the environment.Klebsiella pneumoniae is also a common pathogen recovered from clinical samples and is able to cause a wide range of infections including life-threatening bacteremia,meningitis,and pneumonia[1].β-Lactams,especially third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems,are mainstay antimicrobial options for infections caused by the Enterobacterales such as K.pneumoniae.Worryingly,K.pneumoniae has emerged as a major carrier of antimicrobial resistance determinants including those encoding extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBL)and carbapenem-hydrolyzingβ-lactamases(carbapenemases).
