The concentration of development projects near protected areas can undermine their conservation objectives.This study examines the impact of such projects on wildlife abundance in Campo-Ma’an National Park(CMNP).Info...The concentration of development projects near protected areas can undermine their conservation objectives.This study examines the impact of such projects on wildlife abundance in Campo-Ma’an National Park(CMNP).Information from the CMNP Conservation Department was analysed to investigate the link between development projects around the park and changes in wildlife populations,and analysis was conducted using statistical tools,including Excel 2020 and SPSS.Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed to assess the relationship between wildlife abundance indicators and the number of development projects surrounding the park.The findings reveal a significant decline in the abundance of key species,including elephants,great apes(such as gorillas and chimpanzees),and mandrills,over the past decade.Although a brief period of improvement was observed in the early 2010s,these gains were quickly reversed.Overall,the pattern shows that as development activities increased,wildlife numbers tended to decrease.These results underscore the urgent need for stricter regulation of development near the park and for comprehensive environmental and social impact assessments to be conducted before projects commencement.This process must receive greater attention from authorities and stakeholders to regulate activities around national parks and foster conservation efforts.Strengthening this oversight will help to maintain the park’s ecological integrity and promote sustainable conservation.展开更多
Ultrafine-grained Al_(2)O_(3)–rare earth:yttrium aluminium garnet(Al_(2)O_(3)–RE:YAG)(RE=Ce;Ce+Gd)composite ceramics were obtained for the first time by reactive spark plasma sintering(SPS)using commercially availab...Ultrafine-grained Al_(2)O_(3)–rare earth:yttrium aluminium garnet(Al_(2)O_(3)–RE:YAG)(RE=Ce;Ce+Gd)composite ceramics were obtained for the first time by reactive spark plasma sintering(SPS)using commercially available initial oxide powders.The effect of key sintering parameters(temperature,dwell time,and external pressure(P_(load)))on densification peculiarities,structural-phase states,and luminescent properties of composites was studied comprehensively.Differences in phase formation and densification between Ce-doped and Ce,Gd-codoped systems were shown.Parameters of reactive SPS,at which there is partial melting with the formation of near-eutectic zones of the Al_(2)O_(3)–YAG system/coexistence of several variations of the YAG-type phase,were established.Pure corundum–garnet biphasic ceramics with an optimal balance between microstructural and luminescence performance were synthesized at 1425℃/30 min/30–60 MPa.The external quantum efficiency(EQE)of the phosphor converters reached 80.7%and 72%with close lifetime of~63.8 ns,similar to those of commercial Ce:YAG materials,which is promising for further applications in the field of high-power white light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)and laser diodes(LDs).展开更多
文摘The concentration of development projects near protected areas can undermine their conservation objectives.This study examines the impact of such projects on wildlife abundance in Campo-Ma’an National Park(CMNP).Information from the CMNP Conservation Department was analysed to investigate the link between development projects around the park and changes in wildlife populations,and analysis was conducted using statistical tools,including Excel 2020 and SPSS.Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed to assess the relationship between wildlife abundance indicators and the number of development projects surrounding the park.The findings reveal a significant decline in the abundance of key species,including elephants,great apes(such as gorillas and chimpanzees),and mandrills,over the past decade.Although a brief period of improvement was observed in the early 2010s,these gains were quickly reversed.Overall,the pattern shows that as development activities increased,wildlife numbers tended to decrease.These results underscore the urgent need for stricter regulation of development near the park and for comprehensive environmental and social impact assessments to be conducted before projects commencement.This process must receive greater attention from authorities and stakeholders to regulate activities around national parks and foster conservation efforts.Strengthening this oversight will help to maintain the park’s ecological integrity and promote sustainable conservation.
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation(No.20-73-10242)Also,this work was partially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA22010301)+3 种基金the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.121631KYSB20200039)the International Cooperation Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(No.20520750200)Denis Yu.Kosyanov is grateful to the Council on grants of the President of the Russian Federation(No.SP-3221.2022.1)for supporting the studies devoted to obtaining advanced ceramic materialsThe SR XRD measurements were done at the shared research center SSTRC on the basis of the VEPP-4-VEPP-2000 complex at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS.
文摘Ultrafine-grained Al_(2)O_(3)–rare earth:yttrium aluminium garnet(Al_(2)O_(3)–RE:YAG)(RE=Ce;Ce+Gd)composite ceramics were obtained for the first time by reactive spark plasma sintering(SPS)using commercially available initial oxide powders.The effect of key sintering parameters(temperature,dwell time,and external pressure(P_(load)))on densification peculiarities,structural-phase states,and luminescent properties of composites was studied comprehensively.Differences in phase formation and densification between Ce-doped and Ce,Gd-codoped systems were shown.Parameters of reactive SPS,at which there is partial melting with the formation of near-eutectic zones of the Al_(2)O_(3)–YAG system/coexistence of several variations of the YAG-type phase,were established.Pure corundum–garnet biphasic ceramics with an optimal balance between microstructural and luminescence performance were synthesized at 1425℃/30 min/30–60 MPa.The external quantum efficiency(EQE)of the phosphor converters reached 80.7%and 72%with close lifetime of~63.8 ns,similar to those of commercial Ce:YAG materials,which is promising for further applications in the field of high-power white light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)and laser diodes(LDs).
