Fluorinated carbon is a prospective cathode material for lithium(Li)primary batteries,which are widely used as power sources for military applications,such as individual combat,spacecraft,and deep-sea detection.It off...Fluorinated carbon is a prospective cathode material for lithium(Li)primary batteries,which are widely used as power sources for military applications,such as individual combat,spacecraft,and deep-sea detection.It offers high gram-specific capacity but is hindered by its low intrinsic conductivity and large volume expansion.However,fluorinated Ketjen black(FKB),with enhanced conductivity and less volume expansion compared with other fluorinated analogs,has been the subject of extensive attention,with its discharge mechanism being unclear.Herein,the structural evolution and compositional changes of FKB at various depths of discharge are revealed through characterization and analysis:The three-dimensional(3D),chain-like aggregate structure of FKB has a high void ratio,which can provide a storage space for LiF formation,thereby inhibiting the volume deformation during discharge.The discharge reaction model is a synergistic mechanism of a surface uniform reaction and local structural reorganization.The surface and defect sites preferentially react with Li^(+)and the C-F bonds in the 3D,chain-like structure selectively break to form LiF.We anticipate that our study paves the way for implementing better Li/fluorinated carbon(Li/CF_(x))batteries.展开更多
MXene is a promising conductive nanofiller for hydrogels due to its excellent electricity conductivity and water dispersibility.However,MXene is prone to oxidize in the presence of air and water,resulting in a signifi...MXene is a promising conductive nanofiller for hydrogels due to its excellent electricity conductivity and water dispersibility.However,MXene is prone to oxidize in the presence of air and water,resulting in a significant loss of conductivity.Polydopamine(PDA)has been coated on MXene to enhance its antioxidation stability via the physical barrier and chemical reducing ability of PDA,which unavoidably causes severe aggregation and a significant decrease in conductivity due to the crosslinking and insulation of PDA.Herein,we propose a facile strategy to construct a highly conductive,stable,and self-healing MXene-based polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)hydrogel by a controlled assembly of PDA and cellulose nanocrystal(CNC).PDA is first formed by oxidation self-polymerization in PVA solution without the presence of CNC and MXene,which can effectively reduce the content of aggregation-inducing groups and avoid the formation of an insulating PDA layer on the surface of MXene.The addition of CNCs results in the easy dispersion of a high content of MXene via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions.The PVA-PDA hydrogel with MXene and CNC as conductive and reinforcing nanofillers(PP-CM)is cross-linked by dynamic borax covalent bonds and shows a conductivity of 7.14 S m^(-1).The introduction of PDA effectively protects MXene and results in only a 14%decrease in conductivity after 7 days,significantly improving antioxidant stability.This hydrogel also possesses rapid self-healing capabilities,achieving 90.5%self-healing efficiency within 10 min.This versatile approach opens new avenues for the preparation and application of MXene-based conductive hydrogels.展开更多
Pyrolyzed Fe-Nx/C materials derived from Fe-doped ZIF-8 are recently emerged as promising alternativesto noble metal platinum-based catalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） and elucidating the de-pendacne o...Pyrolyzed Fe-Nx/C materials derived from Fe-doped ZIF-8 are recently emerged as promising alternativesto noble metal platinum-based catalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） and elucidating the de-pendacne of Fe source on the active site structure and final ORR performance is highly desirbale for fur-ther development of these materials. Here, we designed and synthesized a series of Fe-N-C catalysts usingZIF-8 and various iron salts （Fe（acac）3, FeCI3, Fe（NO3）3） as precusors. We found that the iron precursors,mainly the molecular size, hydrolysis extent, do play a major role in determining the final morphology ofFe, namely forming the Fe-Nx coordination or Fe3C nanoparticles, as well as the site density, therefore,significantly affecting the ORR activity. Among the three iron sources, Fe（acac）3 is most advantageous tothe preferential formation of single-atom Fe-Nx active sites and the derived catalyst demonstrated bestORR performance.展开更多
The triple bond in N_(2)has an extremely high bond energy and is thus difficult to break.N_(2)is commonly converted into NH3 artificially via the Haber-Bosch process,and NH_(3)can be utilized to produce other nitrogen...The triple bond in N_(2)has an extremely high bond energy and is thus difficult to break.N_(2)is commonly converted into NH3 artificially via the Haber-Bosch process,and NH_(3)can be utilized to produce other nitrogen-containing chemicals.Here,we developed an electron catalyzed method to directly fix N_(2)into azos,by pushing and pulling the electron into and from the aromatic halide with the cyclic voltammetry method.The round-trip journey of electron can successfully weaken the triple bond in N_(2)through the electron pushing-induced aryl radical via a“brick trowel”transition state,and then produce the diazonium ions by pulling the electron out from the diazo radical intermediate.Different azos can be synthesized with this developed electron catalyzed approach.This approach provides a novel concept and practical route for the fixation of N_(2)at atmospheric pressure into chemical products valuable for industrial and commercial applications.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted significant attention in large-scale energy storage system because of their abundant sodium resource and cost-effectiveness.Layered oxide materials are particularly promising a...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted significant attention in large-scale energy storage system because of their abundant sodium resource and cost-effectiveness.Layered oxide materials are particularly promising as SIBs cathodes due to their high theoretical capacities and facile synthesis.However,their practical applications are hindered by the limitations in energy density and cycling stability.The comprehensive understanding of failure mechanisms within bulk structure and at the cathode/electrolyte interface of cathodes is still lacking.In this review,the issues related to bulk phase degradation and surface degradation,such as irreversible phase transitions,cation migration,transition metal dissolution,air/moisture instability,intergranular cracking,interfacial reactions,and reactive oxygen loss,are discussed.The latest advances and strategies to improve the stability of layered oxide cathodes and full cells are provided,as well as our perspectives on the future development of SIBs.展开更多
The unavailability of high-performance and cost-effective electrocatalysts has impeded the large-scale deployment of alkaline water electrolyzers.Professor Zidong Wei's group has focused on resolving critical chal...The unavailability of high-performance and cost-effective electrocatalysts has impeded the large-scale deployment of alkaline water electrolyzers.Professor Zidong Wei's group has focused on resolving critical challenges in industrial alkaline electrolysis,particularly elucidating hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction(HER/OER)mechanisms while addressing the persistent activity-stability trade-off.This review summarizes their decade-long progress in developing advanced electrodes,analyzing the origins of sluggish alkaline HER kinetics and OER stability limitations.Professor Wei proposes a unifying"12345 Principle"as an optimization framework.For HER electrocatalysts,they have identified that metal/metal oxide interfaces create synergistic"chimney effect"and"local electric field enhancement effect",enhancing selective intermediate adsorption,interfacial water enrichment/reorientation,and mass transport under industrial high-polarization conditions.Regarding OER,innovative strategies,including dual-ligand synergistic modulation,lattice oxygen suppression,and self-repairing surface construction,are demonstrated to balance oxygen species adsorption,optimize spin states,and dynamically reinforce metal-oxygen bonds for concurrent activity-stability enhancement.The review concludes by addressing remaining challenges in long-term industrial durability and suggesting future research priorities.展开更多
LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4(LNMO) was prepared by a high-temperature solid phase method,and then Al PO_(4)(AP) was coated on the polyhedral LNMO surface by the wet chemical method.The experimental results showed that the LN...LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4(LNMO) was prepared by a high-temperature solid phase method,and then Al PO_(4)(AP) was coated on the polyhedral LNMO surface by the wet chemical method.The experimental results showed that the LNMO-1%AP|Li cell prepared with a 1%mass ratio of Al PO_(4and) LNMO had better electrochemical performance;after 450 cycles at 1C,its discharge specific capacity maintained 108.78 m Ah·g^(-1),while that of the LNMO|Li cell was only 86.04 m Ah·g^(-1).Especially at the high rates of 5C and 10C,the electrochemical properties of the former were far superior to the latter.This was attributed to the fact that the AP coating made the surface of LNMO in contact with the electrolyte more stable,effectively promoted the Li~+transport,and reduced the polarization voltage of the electrode.展开更多
Solid-state lithium batteries have become a research hotspot in the field of large-scale energy storage due to their excellent safety performance.The development of high-voltage positive electrode materials matched wi...Solid-state lithium batteries have become a research hotspot in the field of large-scale energy storage due to their excellent safety performance.The development of high-voltage positive electrode materials matched with lithium metal anode have advanced the energy density of solid-state lithium batteries close to or even exceeding that of lithium batteries based on a liquid electrolyte,which is expected to be commercialized in the future.However,in high voltage conditions(>4.3 V),the decomposition of electrolyte components,structural degradation,and interface side reactions significantly reduce battery performance and hinder its further development.This review summarizes the latest research progress of inorganic electrolytes,polymer electrolytes,and composite electrolytes in high-voltage solid-state lithium batteries.At the same time,the designs of high-voltage polymer gel electrolyte and high-voltage quasi solid-state electrolyte are introduced in detail.In addition,interface engineering is crucial for improving the overall performance of high-voltage solid-state batteries.Finally,we highlight the challenges faced by high-voltage solid-state lithium batteries and put forward our own views on future research directions.This review offers instructive insights into the advancement of high-voltage solid-state lithium batteries for large-scale energy storage applications.展开更多
Electrocatalytic oxidation of surplus ethylene glycol(EG)to high-value glycolic acid(GA)represents a promising approach for sustainable resource utilization,though critical challenges persist in developing durable ele...Electrocatalytic oxidation of surplus ethylene glycol(EG)to high-value glycolic acid(GA)represents a promising approach for sustainable resource utilization,though critical challenges persist in developing durable electrocatalysts and achieving effective recovery of the free acid product from its salt derivatives in alkaline electrolytes.In this work,a PdNi/NF catalyst was rationally synthesized via a one-step electrodeposition method.Systematic characterization revealed that the electron transfer from Ni to Pd modulates *OH adsorption to accelerate EG oxidation reaction(EGOR)while preventing Pd deactivation through oxidation.The optimized system demonstrated exceptional alkaline performance with a glycolic acid Faraday efficiencyof 95%and a current density of 666 mA·cm^(-2).When implemented in an asymmetric EGOR||HER flowcell configuration where only the cathodic electrolyte contains alkaline,the system demonstrated exceptional operational stability by sustaining 70 mA·cm^(-2) current density at a low cell voltage of 0.9 V in neutral media for over 100 h,with product glycolic acid requiring no further acidification.This investigation provides a practical framework for designing efficientelectrocatalytic systems that simplifiesproduct separation steps.展开更多
LiNO_(3) is known to significantly enhance the reversibility of lithium metal batteries;however,the modification of solvation structures in various solvents and its further impact on the interface have not been fully ...LiNO_(3) is known to significantly enhance the reversibility of lithium metal batteries;however,the modification of solvation structures in various solvents and its further impact on the interface have not been fully revealed.Herein,we systematically studied the evolution of solvation structures with increasing LiNO_(3) concentration in both carbonate and ether electrolytes.The results from molecular dynamics simulations unveil that the Li^(+)solvation structure is less affected in carbonate electrolytes,while in ether electrolytes,there is a significant decrease of solvent molecules in Li^(+)coordination,and a larger average size of Li^(+)solvation structure emerges as LiNO_(3) concentration increases.Notably,the formation of large ion aggregates with size of several nanometers(nano-clusters),is observed in ether-based electrolytes at conventional Li^(+)concentration(1 M)with higher NO_(3)^(-) ratio,which is further proved by infrared spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments.The nano-clusters with abundant anions are endowed with a narrow energy gap of molecular orbitals,contributing to the formation of an inorganic rich electrode/electrolyte interphase that enhances the reversibility of lithium stripping/plating with Coulombic efficiency up to 99.71%.The discovery of nano-clusters elucidates the underlying mechanism linking ions/solvent aggregation states of electrolytes to interfacial stability in advanced battery systems.展开更多
Rare-earth ion-doped garnets with excellent luminescent properties show great potential for temperature sensing,displays,and nondestructive detection.However,their limited luminescent modes and low photoluminescence q...Rare-earth ion-doped garnets with excellent luminescent properties show great potential for temperature sensing,displays,and nondestructive detection.However,their limited luminescent modes and low photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)restrict further applications.In this study,we synthesized Al^(3+),Er^(3+)-co-doped Gd_(3)Ga_(5)O_(12) garnets with multimode luminescence via a high-temperature solid-state method.Notably,the preferential substitution of Al^(3+)ion at octahedral-coordinated GaI sites significantly enhanced the charge density and electron transition probability,achieving a PLQY enhancement of the downshifting luminescence from 35.1%to 68.5%.Al^(3+)ion also influences electron relaxation during up-conversion luminescence,resulting in a color shift from red to yellow to green.Additionally,Al^(3+)incorporation increased the photoelectric conversion efficiency of light-emitting diodes from 2.9%to 6.3%and improved temperature sensing sensitivity from 2.7%to 5.1%K⁻1.This work provides new insights into the photophysical mechanisms and underscores the key role of Al^(3+)ion in optimizing the optical properties of garnet-based materials.展开更多
Traditionally,the construction of stable interphases relies on solvent structures dominated by aggregated anionic structures(AGG/AGG+).Nonetheless,we find that the construction of stable interphases in hightemperature...Traditionally,the construction of stable interphases relies on solvent structures dominated by aggregated anionic structures(AGG/AGG+).Nonetheless,we find that the construction of stable interphases in hightemperature environments is based on contact ion pairs(CIPs)dominated solvation structure here.In detail,in the long-chain phosphate ester-based electrolyte,the spatial site-blocking effect enables the strong solvation co-solvent ether(diethylene glycol dimethyl ether,G2)to exhibit strong ion-dipole interactions,further multicomponent competitive coordination maintaining the CIP,balancing electrode kinetics,and optimizing the high-temperature interphases.High-temperature in-situ Raman spectroscopy monitors the changes in the stable solvent structure during charge/discharge processes for the first time,and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS)reveals the stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)with full-depth enrichment of the inorganic component.Benefiting from the high-temperature interfacial chemistry-dependent solvent structure,the advanced electrolyte enables stable cycling of 1.6 Ah 18650 batterie at 100-125℃and discharging with high current pulses(~1.83 A)at 150℃,which has rarely been reported so far.In addition,pin-pricking of 18650 batteries at100%state of charge(SoC)without fire or smoke and the moderate thermal runaway temperature(187℃)tested via the accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC)demonstrate the excellent safety of the optimized electrolyte.展开更多
In fulfillment of the national science-and-technology development agenda, the Department of Chemical Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) convened the Strategic Symposium on the Fifteent...In fulfillment of the national science-and-technology development agenda, the Department of Chemical Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) convened the Strategic Symposium on the Fifteenth FiveYear (20262030) Development Plan for Electrochemistry held in Xiamen on 29 August, 2025-the culminating year of the Fourteenth Five-Year (2021-2025) Development Plan. More than forty leading experts in the field of electrochemistry participated with spanning nine thematic fronts: Interfacial Electrocatalysis, Interfacial Electrochemistry for Energy Storage, Bioelectrochemistry, Electrochemistry of Hydrogen Energy, Electrochemical Micro-/Nano-Manufacturing, Operando Electrochemical Characterization, Electro-Thermal Coupling Catalysis, Theoretical and Computational Electrochemistry,and Electrochemical Synthesis. The forum assembled China's foremost electrochemical expertise to blueprint high-quality disciplinary growth for the coming five-year period, thereby serving overarching national strategic needs and sharpening the international competitiveness of Chinese electrochemistry.This paper is presented to highlight the strategic needs and priority areas for the next five years (2026-2030) based on this symposium. The development status of basic research and applied basic research in China's electrochemistry field is systematically reviewed. The in-depth analyses of the existing problems and key challenges in the research and development of electrochemistry related fields are outlined, and the frontier research areas and development trends in the next 5-10 years by integrating national major strategic needs are discussed, which will further promote the academic community to reach a clearer consensus. The proposed strategic roadmap is intended to accelerate a sharpened community consensus, propel the discipline toward high-quality advancement, and furnish a critical reference for building China into a world-leading science and technology power.展开更多
Metal halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising candidates for the emissive layer in next-generation light-emitting diodes(LEDs)due to their narrow emission linewidths,high photoluminescence quantum yields,a...Metal halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising candidates for the emissive layer in next-generation light-emitting diodes(LEDs)due to their narrow emission linewidths,high photoluminescence quantum yields,and tunable emission wavelengths.Achieving high-performance perovskite LEDs(Pe LEDs)requires the emissive layer to possess efficient radiative recombination,low defect density,minimal ion mobility,and effective carrier confinement.Perovskite/perovskite heterostructure(PPHS)offers a compelling approach for engineering emissive layers with these desired attributes,owing to their ability to passivate surface defects,tailor bandgaps,and suppress ion migration.Pe LEDs based on PPHS have demonstrated superior performance compared to single-phase devices,particularly in terms of external quantum efficiency and operational stability.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the typical PPHS architectures applied in Pe LEDs,including vertical,lateral,and bulk configurations.We discuss representative fabrication strategies and the associated optoelectronic properties of these heterostructures,highlighting the mechanisms by which they enhance device efficiency and stability.Finally,we explore the remaining challenges and prospects for the application of PPHS in Pe LEDs and other luminescent technologies.展开更多
Direct methanol fuel cells （DMFCs） are very promising power source for stationary and portable miniatureelectric appliances due to its high efficiency and low emissions of pollutants. As the key material, cata-lysts...Direct methanol fuel cells （DMFCs） are very promising power source for stationary and portable miniatureelectric appliances due to its high efficiency and low emissions of pollutants. As the key material, cata-lysts for both cathode and anode face several problems which hinder the commercialization of DMFCs.In this review, we mainly focus on anode catalysts of DMFCs. The process and mechanism of methanolelectrooxidation on Pt and Pt-based catalysts in acidic medium have been introduced. The influences ofsize effect and morphology on electrocatalytic activity are discussed though whether there is a size effectin MOP, catalyst is under debate. Besides, the non Pt catalysts are also listed to emphasize though Pt isstill deemed as the indispensable element in anode catalyst of DMFCs in acidic medium. Different cata-lyst systems are compared to illustrate the level of research at present. ome debates need to be verifiedwith experimental evidences.展开更多
With the rapid development of consumer electronics and electric vehicles(EV), a large number of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been generated worldwide. Thus, effective recycling technologies to recapture a si...With the rapid development of consumer electronics and electric vehicles(EV), a large number of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been generated worldwide. Thus, effective recycling technologies to recapture a significant amount of valuable metals contained in spent LIBs are highly desirable to prevent the environmental pollution and resource depletion. In this work, a novel recycling technology to regenerate a LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 cathode material from spent LIBs with different cathode chemistries has been developed. By dismantling, crushing,leaching and impurity removing, the LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2(selected as an example of LiNi_xCo_yMn_(1-x-y)O_2) powder can be directly prepared from the purified leaching solution via co-precipitation followed by solid-state synthesis. For comparison purposes, a fresh-synthesized sample with the same composition has also been prepared using the commercial raw materials via the same method. X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electrochemical measurements have been carried out to characterize these samples. The electrochemical test result suggests that the re-synthesized sample delivers cycle performance and low rate capability which are comparable to those of the freshsynthesized sample. This novel recycling technique can be of great value to the regeneration of a pure and marketable LiNi_xCo_yMn_(1-x-y)O_2 cathode material with low secondary pollution.展开更多
Rational regulation on pore structure and active site density plays critical roles in enhancing the performance of Fe-N-C catalysts. As the microporous structure of the carbon substrate is generally regarded as the ac...Rational regulation on pore structure and active site density plays critical roles in enhancing the performance of Fe-N-C catalysts. As the microporous structure of the carbon substrate is generally regarded as the active site hosts, its hostility to electron/mass transfer could lead to the incomplete fulfillment of the catalytic activity. Besides, the formation of inactive metallic Fe particles during the conventional catalyst synthesis could also decrease the active site density and complicate the identification of real active site. Herein, we developed a facial hydrogen etching methodology to yield single site Fe-N-C catalysts featured with micro/mesoporous hierarchical structure. The hydrogen concentration in pyrolysis process was designated to effectively regulate the pore structure and active site density of the resulted catalysts.The optimized sample achieves excellent ORR catalytic performance with an ultralow H2O2 yield(1%)and superb stability over 10,000 cycles. Our finding provides new thoughts for the rational design of hierarchically porous carbon-based materials and highly promising non-precious metal ORR catalysts.展开更多
The electrochemical methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) is of paramount importance for direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC) application, where efficient catalysts are required to facilitate the complicated multiple charge tra...The electrochemical methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) is of paramount importance for direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC) application, where efficient catalysts are required to facilitate the complicated multiple charge transfer process. The catalyst support not only determines the dispersion status of the catalysts particles, but also exerts great influence on the electronic structure of the catalysts, thereby altering its intrinsic activity. Herein, we demonstrated that nitrogen atoms, assisted by the pre-treatment of carbon matrix with oxidants, can be easily doped into carbon nanotubes at low temperature. The obtained nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes can effectively improve the dispersion of the supported platinum nanoparticles and facilitate the MOR by modifying the electronic structure of platinum atoms,through catalyst-support interaction.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur battery is desirable for the future potential electrochemical energy storage device with advantages of high theoretical energy density,low cost and environmental friendliness.However,some natural hindra...Lithium-sulfur battery is desirable for the future potential electrochemical energy storage device with advantages of high theoretical energy density,low cost and environmental friendliness.However,some natural hindrances,particularly fast capacity degradation resulting from the migration of dissolved polysulfide intermediates,remain to be significant challenges prior to the practical applications.In this work,a composite interlayer of carbon nanofibers(CNFs)which are enriched by Co-based metal organic frameworks(ZIF-67)growth in-situ is exploited.Notably,physical blocking and chemical trapping abilities are obtained synergistically from the ZIF/CNFs interlayer,which enables to restrain the dissolution of polysulfides and alleviate shuttle effect.Moreover,the three-dimensional fiber networks provide an interconnected conductive framework between each ZIF microreactor to promote fast electron transfer during cycling,thus contributing to excellent rate and cycling performance.As a result,Li-S cells with ZIF/CNFs interlayer show a high specific capacity of 1334 mAh g^(-1) at 1 C with an excellent cycling stability over 300 cycles.Besides,this scalable and affordable electrospinning fabrication method provides a promising approach for the design of MOFs-derived carbon materials for high performance Li-S batteries.展开更多
The development of novel anode materials,with superior rate capability,is of utmost significance for the successful realization of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).Herein,we present a nanocomposite of Nb_(2)O_(5)and reduced...The development of novel anode materials,with superior rate capability,is of utmost significance for the successful realization of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).Herein,we present a nanocomposite of Nb_(2)O_(5)and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)by using hydrothermal-assisted microemulsion route.The water-in-oil microemulsion formed nanoreactors,which restrained the particle size of Nb_(2)O_(5)and shortened the diffusion length of ions.Moreover,the rGO network prevented agglomeration of Nb_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles and improved electronic conductivity.Consequently,Nb_(2)O_(5)@rGO nanocomposite is employed as anode material in SIBs,delivering a capacity of 195 mAh/g after 200 charge/discharge cycles at 0.2 A/g.Moreover,owing to conductive rGO network,the Nb_(2)O_(5)@rGO electrode rende red a specific capacity of 76 mAh/g at high current density of 10 A/g and maintained 98 mAh/g after 1000 charge/discharge cycles at 2 A/g.The Nb_(2)O_(5)@rGO electrode material prepared by microemulsion method shows promising possibilities for application of SIBs.展开更多
基金supported by 2025 High-Quality Development Special Project(No.CEIEC-2025-ZM02-0008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52472233)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.23JCYBJC01870)the Seed Foundation of Tianjin University(Nos.2025XJ1-0005,2025XJ1-0011)。
文摘Fluorinated carbon is a prospective cathode material for lithium(Li)primary batteries,which are widely used as power sources for military applications,such as individual combat,spacecraft,and deep-sea detection.It offers high gram-specific capacity but is hindered by its low intrinsic conductivity and large volume expansion.However,fluorinated Ketjen black(FKB),with enhanced conductivity and less volume expansion compared with other fluorinated analogs,has been the subject of extensive attention,with its discharge mechanism being unclear.Herein,the structural evolution and compositional changes of FKB at various depths of discharge are revealed through characterization and analysis:The three-dimensional(3D),chain-like aggregate structure of FKB has a high void ratio,which can provide a storage space for LiF formation,thereby inhibiting the volume deformation during discharge.The discharge reaction model is a synergistic mechanism of a surface uniform reaction and local structural reorganization.The surface and defect sites preferentially react with Li^(+)and the C-F bonds in the 3D,chain-like structure selectively break to form LiF.We anticipate that our study paves the way for implementing better Li/fluorinated carbon(Li/CF_(x))batteries.
基金support from Youth Promotion of Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2024A1515030005)Guangdong Province Ordinary Universities Characteristic Innovation Project(2024KTSCX096)+4 种基金Guangdong Province University Key Field Special Program(2023ZDZX3002)Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education)Naikai University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology(No.2023B1212060065)Programs of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province(202301AT070217)MOE International Laboratory for Optical Information Technologies,the 111 Project,Science and Technology Bureau of Huzhou(2022GG24)ScienceK Ltd.
文摘MXene is a promising conductive nanofiller for hydrogels due to its excellent electricity conductivity and water dispersibility.However,MXene is prone to oxidize in the presence of air and water,resulting in a significant loss of conductivity.Polydopamine(PDA)has been coated on MXene to enhance its antioxidation stability via the physical barrier and chemical reducing ability of PDA,which unavoidably causes severe aggregation and a significant decrease in conductivity due to the crosslinking and insulation of PDA.Herein,we propose a facile strategy to construct a highly conductive,stable,and self-healing MXene-based polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)hydrogel by a controlled assembly of PDA and cellulose nanocrystal(CNC).PDA is first formed by oxidation self-polymerization in PVA solution without the presence of CNC and MXene,which can effectively reduce the content of aggregation-inducing groups and avoid the formation of an insulating PDA layer on the surface of MXene.The addition of CNCs results in the easy dispersion of a high content of MXene via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions.The PVA-PDA hydrogel with MXene and CNC as conductive and reinforcing nanofillers(PP-CM)is cross-linked by dynamic borax covalent bonds and shows a conductivity of 7.14 S m^(-1).The introduction of PDA effectively protects MXene and results in only a 14%decrease in conductivity after 7 days,significantly improving antioxidant stability.This hydrogel also possesses rapid self-healing capabilities,achieving 90.5%self-healing efficiency within 10 min.This versatile approach opens new avenues for the preparation and application of MXene-based conductive hydrogels.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21633008,21433003,U1601211,21733004)National Science and Technology Major Project(2016YFB0101202)+2 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program(20150101066JC,20160622037JC,20170203003SF,20170520150JH)Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Recruitment Program of Foreign Experts(WQ20122200077)
文摘Pyrolyzed Fe-Nx/C materials derived from Fe-doped ZIF-8 are recently emerged as promising alternativesto noble metal platinum-based catalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） and elucidating the de-pendacne of Fe source on the active site structure and final ORR performance is highly desirbale for fur-ther development of these materials. Here, we designed and synthesized a series of Fe-N-C catalysts usingZIF-8 and various iron salts （Fe（acac）3, FeCI3, Fe（NO3）3） as precusors. We found that the iron precursors,mainly the molecular size, hydrolysis extent, do play a major role in determining the final morphology ofFe, namely forming the Fe-Nx coordination or Fe3C nanoparticles, as well as the site density, therefore,significantly affecting the ORR activity. Among the three iron sources, Fe（acac）3 is most advantageous tothe preferential formation of single-atom Fe-Nx active sites and the derived catalyst demonstrated bestORR performance.
文摘The triple bond in N_(2)has an extremely high bond energy and is thus difficult to break.N_(2)is commonly converted into NH3 artificially via the Haber-Bosch process,and NH_(3)can be utilized to produce other nitrogen-containing chemicals.Here,we developed an electron catalyzed method to directly fix N_(2)into azos,by pushing and pulling the electron into and from the aromatic halide with the cyclic voltammetry method.The round-trip journey of electron can successfully weaken the triple bond in N_(2)through the electron pushing-induced aryl radical via a“brick trowel”transition state,and then produce the diazonium ions by pulling the electron out from the diazo radical intermediate.Different azos can be synthesized with this developed electron catalyzed approach.This approach provides a novel concept and practical route for the fixation of N_(2)at atmospheric pressure into chemical products valuable for industrial and commercial applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.W2412060,22325902 and 52171215)the State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization(Open Fund Project No.ZJUCEU2023002)。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted significant attention in large-scale energy storage system because of their abundant sodium resource and cost-effectiveness.Layered oxide materials are particularly promising as SIBs cathodes due to their high theoretical capacities and facile synthesis.However,their practical applications are hindered by the limitations in energy density and cycling stability.The comprehensive understanding of failure mechanisms within bulk structure and at the cathode/electrolyte interface of cathodes is still lacking.In this review,the issues related to bulk phase degradation and surface degradation,such as irreversible phase transitions,cation migration,transition metal dissolution,air/moisture instability,intergranular cracking,interfacial reactions,and reactive oxygen loss,are discussed.The latest advances and strategies to improve the stability of layered oxide cathodes and full cells are provided,as well as our perspectives on the future development of SIBs.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB4000300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21822803,22408030,22072009,91534205,51072239)National Program on Key Basic Research Project(973 Program,2012CB720303).
文摘The unavailability of high-performance and cost-effective electrocatalysts has impeded the large-scale deployment of alkaline water electrolyzers.Professor Zidong Wei's group has focused on resolving critical challenges in industrial alkaline electrolysis,particularly elucidating hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction(HER/OER)mechanisms while addressing the persistent activity-stability trade-off.This review summarizes their decade-long progress in developing advanced electrodes,analyzing the origins of sluggish alkaline HER kinetics and OER stability limitations.Professor Wei proposes a unifying"12345 Principle"as an optimization framework.For HER electrocatalysts,they have identified that metal/metal oxide interfaces create synergistic"chimney effect"and"local electric field enhancement effect",enhancing selective intermediate adsorption,interfacial water enrichment/reorientation,and mass transport under industrial high-polarization conditions.Regarding OER,innovative strategies,including dual-ligand synergistic modulation,lattice oxygen suppression,and self-repairing surface construction,are demonstrated to balance oxygen species adsorption,optimize spin states,and dynamically reinforce metal-oxygen bonds for concurrent activity-stability enhancement.The review concludes by addressing remaining challenges in long-term industrial durability and suggesting future research priorities.
文摘LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4(LNMO) was prepared by a high-temperature solid phase method,and then Al PO_(4)(AP) was coated on the polyhedral LNMO surface by the wet chemical method.The experimental results showed that the LNMO-1%AP|Li cell prepared with a 1%mass ratio of Al PO_(4and) LNMO had better electrochemical performance;after 450 cycles at 1C,its discharge specific capacity maintained 108.78 m Ah·g^(-1),while that of the LNMO|Li cell was only 86.04 m Ah·g^(-1).Especially at the high rates of 5C and 10C,the electrochemical properties of the former were far superior to the latter.This was attributed to the fact that the AP coating made the surface of LNMO in contact with the electrolyte more stable,effectively promoted the Li~+transport,and reduced the polarization voltage of the electrode.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFA1211100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301278,22479080,52202254,92372001,22393900,and 92372203)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230937,BK20220966)the Science and Technology Plans of Tianjin(23JCYBJC00170,24JCJQJC00220,and 24ZXZSSS00390)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(02063253167,30922010708)。
文摘Solid-state lithium batteries have become a research hotspot in the field of large-scale energy storage due to their excellent safety performance.The development of high-voltage positive electrode materials matched with lithium metal anode have advanced the energy density of solid-state lithium batteries close to or even exceeding that of lithium batteries based on a liquid electrolyte,which is expected to be commercialized in the future.However,in high voltage conditions(>4.3 V),the decomposition of electrolyte components,structural degradation,and interface side reactions significantly reduce battery performance and hinder its further development.This review summarizes the latest research progress of inorganic electrolytes,polymer electrolytes,and composite electrolytes in high-voltage solid-state lithium batteries.At the same time,the designs of high-voltage polymer gel electrolyte and high-voltage quasi solid-state electrolyte are introduced in detail.In addition,interface engineering is crucial for improving the overall performance of high-voltage solid-state batteries.Finally,we highlight the challenges faced by high-voltage solid-state lithium batteries and put forward our own views on future research directions.This review offers instructive insights into the advancement of high-voltage solid-state lithium batteries for large-scale energy storage applications.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1504200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178033 and 22090030)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024CDJXY010).
文摘Electrocatalytic oxidation of surplus ethylene glycol(EG)to high-value glycolic acid(GA)represents a promising approach for sustainable resource utilization,though critical challenges persist in developing durable electrocatalysts and achieving effective recovery of the free acid product from its salt derivatives in alkaline electrolytes.In this work,a PdNi/NF catalyst was rationally synthesized via a one-step electrodeposition method.Systematic characterization revealed that the electron transfer from Ni to Pd modulates *OH adsorption to accelerate EG oxidation reaction(EGOR)while preventing Pd deactivation through oxidation.The optimized system demonstrated exceptional alkaline performance with a glycolic acid Faraday efficiencyof 95%and a current density of 666 mA·cm^(-2).When implemented in an asymmetric EGOR||HER flowcell configuration where only the cathodic electrolyte contains alkaline,the system demonstrated exceptional operational stability by sustaining 70 mA·cm^(-2) current density at a low cell voltage of 0.9 V in neutral media for over 100 h,with product glycolic acid requiring no further acidification.This investigation provides a practical framework for designing efficientelectrocatalytic systems that simplifiesproduct separation steps.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22372083,52201259)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB2500300)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities:Nankai University(63241607)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.22JCZDJC00380)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST.
文摘LiNO_(3) is known to significantly enhance the reversibility of lithium metal batteries;however,the modification of solvation structures in various solvents and its further impact on the interface have not been fully revealed.Herein,we systematically studied the evolution of solvation structures with increasing LiNO_(3) concentration in both carbonate and ether electrolytes.The results from molecular dynamics simulations unveil that the Li^(+)solvation structure is less affected in carbonate electrolytes,while in ether electrolytes,there is a significant decrease of solvent molecules in Li^(+)coordination,and a larger average size of Li^(+)solvation structure emerges as LiNO_(3) concentration increases.Notably,the formation of large ion aggregates with size of several nanometers(nano-clusters),is observed in ether-based electrolytes at conventional Li^(+)concentration(1 M)with higher NO_(3)^(-) ratio,which is further proved by infrared spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments.The nano-clusters with abundant anions are endowed with a narrow energy gap of molecular orbitals,contributing to the formation of an inorganic rich electrode/electrolyte interphase that enhances the reversibility of lithium stripping/plating with Coulombic efficiency up to 99.71%.The discovery of nano-clusters elucidates the underlying mechanism linking ions/solvent aggregation states of electrolytes to interfacial stability in advanced battery systems.
基金supported by the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2025GXNSFDA069038)The Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project(Grant No.AA23073018)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22175043 and 52162021)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures(Grant No.MMCS2023OF05).
文摘Rare-earth ion-doped garnets with excellent luminescent properties show great potential for temperature sensing,displays,and nondestructive detection.However,their limited luminescent modes and low photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)restrict further applications.In this study,we synthesized Al^(3+),Er^(3+)-co-doped Gd_(3)Ga_(5)O_(12) garnets with multimode luminescence via a high-temperature solid-state method.Notably,the preferential substitution of Al^(3+)ion at octahedral-coordinated GaI sites significantly enhanced the charge density and electron transition probability,achieving a PLQY enhancement of the downshifting luminescence from 35.1%to 68.5%.Al^(3+)ion also influences electron relaxation during up-conversion luminescence,resulting in a color shift from red to yellow to green.Additionally,Al^(3+)incorporation increased the photoelectric conversion efficiency of light-emitting diodes from 2.9%to 6.3%and improved temperature sensing sensitivity from 2.7%to 5.1%K⁻1.This work provides new insights into the photophysical mechanisms and underscores the key role of Al^(3+)ion in optimizing the optical properties of garnet-based materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.52072322,52202235)the Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province(CN)(grant no.23GJHZ0147)the Research and Innovation Fund for Graduate Students of Southwest Petroleum University(No.:2022KYCX111)。
文摘Traditionally,the construction of stable interphases relies on solvent structures dominated by aggregated anionic structures(AGG/AGG+).Nonetheless,we find that the construction of stable interphases in hightemperature environments is based on contact ion pairs(CIPs)dominated solvation structure here.In detail,in the long-chain phosphate ester-based electrolyte,the spatial site-blocking effect enables the strong solvation co-solvent ether(diethylene glycol dimethyl ether,G2)to exhibit strong ion-dipole interactions,further multicomponent competitive coordination maintaining the CIP,balancing electrode kinetics,and optimizing the high-temperature interphases.High-temperature in-situ Raman spectroscopy monitors the changes in the stable solvent structure during charge/discharge processes for the first time,and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS)reveals the stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)with full-depth enrichment of the inorganic component.Benefiting from the high-temperature interfacial chemistry-dependent solvent structure,the advanced electrolyte enables stable cycling of 1.6 Ah 18650 batterie at 100-125℃and discharging with high current pulses(~1.83 A)at 150℃,which has rarely been reported so far.In addition,pin-pricking of 18650 batteries at100%state of charge(SoC)without fire or smoke and the moderate thermal runaway temperature(187℃)tested via the accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC)demonstrate the excellent safety of the optimized electrolyte.
文摘In fulfillment of the national science-and-technology development agenda, the Department of Chemical Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) convened the Strategic Symposium on the Fifteenth FiveYear (20262030) Development Plan for Electrochemistry held in Xiamen on 29 August, 2025-the culminating year of the Fourteenth Five-Year (2021-2025) Development Plan. More than forty leading experts in the field of electrochemistry participated with spanning nine thematic fronts: Interfacial Electrocatalysis, Interfacial Electrochemistry for Energy Storage, Bioelectrochemistry, Electrochemistry of Hydrogen Energy, Electrochemical Micro-/Nano-Manufacturing, Operando Electrochemical Characterization, Electro-Thermal Coupling Catalysis, Theoretical and Computational Electrochemistry,and Electrochemical Synthesis. The forum assembled China's foremost electrochemical expertise to blueprint high-quality disciplinary growth for the coming five-year period, thereby serving overarching national strategic needs and sharpening the international competitiveness of Chinese electrochemistry.This paper is presented to highlight the strategic needs and priority areas for the next five years (2026-2030) based on this symposium. The development status of basic research and applied basic research in China's electrochemistry field is systematically reviewed. The in-depth analyses of the existing problems and key challenges in the research and development of electrochemistry related fields are outlined, and the frontier research areas and development trends in the next 5-10 years by integrating national major strategic needs are discussed, which will further promote the academic community to reach a clearer consensus. The proposed strategic roadmap is intended to accelerate a sharpened community consensus, propel the discipline toward high-quality advancement, and furnish a critical reference for building China into a world-leading science and technology power.
基金supported by the Advanced Talents Incubation Program of Hebei University(No.521100224235)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52503363)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2025201009)。
文摘Metal halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising candidates for the emissive layer in next-generation light-emitting diodes(LEDs)due to their narrow emission linewidths,high photoluminescence quantum yields,and tunable emission wavelengths.Achieving high-performance perovskite LEDs(Pe LEDs)requires the emissive layer to possess efficient radiative recombination,low defect density,minimal ion mobility,and effective carrier confinement.Perovskite/perovskite heterostructure(PPHS)offers a compelling approach for engineering emissive layers with these desired attributes,owing to their ability to passivate surface defects,tailor bandgaps,and suppress ion migration.Pe LEDs based on PPHS have demonstrated superior performance compared to single-phase devices,particularly in terms of external quantum efficiency and operational stability.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the typical PPHS architectures applied in Pe LEDs,including vertical,lateral,and bulk configurations.We discuss representative fabrication strategies and the associated optoelectronic properties of these heterostructures,highlighting the mechanisms by which they enhance device efficiency and stability.Finally,we explore the remaining challenges and prospects for the application of PPHS in Pe LEDs and other luminescent technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21633008,21673221)the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program (20160622037JC,20170203003SF,and 20170520150JH)+1 种基金the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Recruitment Program of Foreign Experts (WQ20122200077)
文摘Direct methanol fuel cells （DMFCs） are very promising power source for stationary and portable miniatureelectric appliances due to its high efficiency and low emissions of pollutants. As the key material, cata-lysts for both cathode and anode face several problems which hinder the commercialization of DMFCs.In this review, we mainly focus on anode catalysts of DMFCs. The process and mechanism of methanolelectrooxidation on Pt and Pt-based catalysts in acidic medium have been introduced. The influences ofsize effect and morphology on electrocatalytic activity are discussed though whether there is a size effectin MOP, catalyst is under debate. Besides, the non Pt catalysts are also listed to emphasize though Pt isstill deemed as the indispensable element in anode catalyst of DMFCs in acidic medium. Different cata-lyst systems are compared to illustrate the level of research at present. ome debates need to be verifiedwith experimental evidences.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51274075)the National Environmental Technology Special Project(No.201009028)Guangdong Province-department University-industry Collaboration Project(Grant No.2012B091100315)
文摘With the rapid development of consumer electronics and electric vehicles(EV), a large number of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been generated worldwide. Thus, effective recycling technologies to recapture a significant amount of valuable metals contained in spent LIBs are highly desirable to prevent the environmental pollution and resource depletion. In this work, a novel recycling technology to regenerate a LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 cathode material from spent LIBs with different cathode chemistries has been developed. By dismantling, crushing,leaching and impurity removing, the LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2(selected as an example of LiNi_xCo_yMn_(1-x-y)O_2) powder can be directly prepared from the purified leaching solution via co-precipitation followed by solid-state synthesis. For comparison purposes, a fresh-synthesized sample with the same composition has also been prepared using the commercial raw materials via the same method. X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electrochemical measurements have been carried out to characterize these samples. The electrochemical test result suggests that the re-synthesized sample delivers cycle performance and low rate capability which are comparable to those of the freshsynthesized sample. This novel recycling technique can be of great value to the regeneration of a pure and marketable LiNi_xCo_yMn_(1-x-y)O_2 cathode material with low secondary pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21633008,21433003,U1601211,21733004)National Science and Technology Major Project(2016YFB0101202)+1 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program(20150101066JC,20160622037JC,20170203003SF,20170520150JH)Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Recruitment Program of Foreign Experts(WQ20122200077)
文摘Rational regulation on pore structure and active site density plays critical roles in enhancing the performance of Fe-N-C catalysts. As the microporous structure of the carbon substrate is generally regarded as the active site hosts, its hostility to electron/mass transfer could lead to the incomplete fulfillment of the catalytic activity. Besides, the formation of inactive metallic Fe particles during the conventional catalyst synthesis could also decrease the active site density and complicate the identification of real active site. Herein, we developed a facial hydrogen etching methodology to yield single site Fe-N-C catalysts featured with micro/mesoporous hierarchical structure. The hydrogen concentration in pyrolysis process was designated to effectively regulate the pore structure and active site density of the resulted catalysts.The optimized sample achieves excellent ORR catalytic performance with an ultralow H2O2 yield(1%)and superb stability over 10,000 cycles. Our finding provides new thoughts for the rational design of hierarchically porous carbon-based materials and highly promising non-precious metal ORR catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21433003, 21633008)the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program (20150101066JC, 20160622037JC, 20170203003SF, and 20170520150JH)the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Recruitment Program of Foreign Experts (WQ20122200077)
文摘The electrochemical methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) is of paramount importance for direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC) application, where efficient catalysts are required to facilitate the complicated multiple charge transfer process. The catalyst support not only determines the dispersion status of the catalysts particles, but also exerts great influence on the electronic structure of the catalysts, thereby altering its intrinsic activity. Herein, we demonstrated that nitrogen atoms, assisted by the pre-treatment of carbon matrix with oxidants, can be easily doped into carbon nanotubes at low temperature. The obtained nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes can effectively improve the dispersion of the supported platinum nanoparticles and facilitate the MOR by modifying the electronic structure of platinum atoms,through catalyst-support interaction.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51971080)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2018A030313182)+1 种基金Shenzhen Bureau of Science,Technology and Innovation Commission(JCYJ20170811154527927)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources。
文摘Lithium-sulfur battery is desirable for the future potential electrochemical energy storage device with advantages of high theoretical energy density,low cost and environmental friendliness.However,some natural hindrances,particularly fast capacity degradation resulting from the migration of dissolved polysulfide intermediates,remain to be significant challenges prior to the practical applications.In this work,a composite interlayer of carbon nanofibers(CNFs)which are enriched by Co-based metal organic frameworks(ZIF-67)growth in-situ is exploited.Notably,physical blocking and chemical trapping abilities are obtained synergistically from the ZIF/CNFs interlayer,which enables to restrain the dissolution of polysulfides and alleviate shuttle effect.Moreover,the three-dimensional fiber networks provide an interconnected conductive framework between each ZIF microreactor to promote fast electron transfer during cycling,thus contributing to excellent rate and cycling performance.As a result,Li-S cells with ZIF/CNFs interlayer show a high specific capacity of 1334 mAh g^(-1) at 1 C with an excellent cycling stability over 300 cycles.Besides,this scalable and affordable electrospinning fabrication method provides a promising approach for the design of MOFs-derived carbon materials for high performance Li-S batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21576028 and 21506012)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources(No.SKL-ACPS-C-19)。
文摘The development of novel anode materials,with superior rate capability,is of utmost significance for the successful realization of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).Herein,we present a nanocomposite of Nb_(2)O_(5)and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)by using hydrothermal-assisted microemulsion route.The water-in-oil microemulsion formed nanoreactors,which restrained the particle size of Nb_(2)O_(5)and shortened the diffusion length of ions.Moreover,the rGO network prevented agglomeration of Nb_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles and improved electronic conductivity.Consequently,Nb_(2)O_(5)@rGO nanocomposite is employed as anode material in SIBs,delivering a capacity of 195 mAh/g after 200 charge/discharge cycles at 0.2 A/g.Moreover,owing to conductive rGO network,the Nb_(2)O_(5)@rGO electrode rende red a specific capacity of 76 mAh/g at high current density of 10 A/g and maintained 98 mAh/g after 1000 charge/discharge cycles at 2 A/g.The Nb_(2)O_(5)@rGO electrode material prepared by microemulsion method shows promising possibilities for application of SIBs.
