Background:Infectious disease control has historically functioned as a critical intersection of biological survival and social organization.For centuries,humanity relied on empirical defenses such as quarantine and en...Background:Infectious disease control has historically functioned as a critical intersection of biological survival and social organization.For centuries,humanity relied on empirical defenses such as quarantine and environmental sanitation.However,the theoretical foundation of prevention has shifted significantly toward biomedical sciences,including microbiology,immunology,and molecular biology.Methods:Using a public health history framework,this review synthesizes data from academic archives,monographs,and policy documents.We examined key case studies-Plague,Cholera,Influenza,HIV/AIDS,and COVID-19-to map the technological and institutional evolution of disease management.Results:We locate the primary historical turning point in the 19th century.It was here that control strategies evolved from crude population mandates into precise biomedical interventions.The synthesis of sanitary reform and germ theory catalyzed this era of scientific progress.Following the standardization of vaccines and antibiotics,the focus shifted to chronic management during the HIV/AIDS crisis.Contemporary tools like mRNA platforms and genomic surveillance continue this lineage,yet their practical application remains uneven globally.Conclusion:We conclude that biomedical breakthroughs are necessary but insufficient for security.Effective defense requires coupling scientific tools with resilient infrastructure and global health coordination to resolve systemic inequities.展开更多
The significant variation in plant regeneration efficiency between indica and japonica rice poses a major challenge for crop improvement.However,the molecular basis for this divergence remains largely unclear.In this ...The significant variation in plant regeneration efficiency between indica and japonica rice poses a major challenge for crop improvement.However,the molecular basis for this divergence remains largely unclear.In this study,we investigated the role of Oryza sativa AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 13(OsARF13),a transcription factor involved in callus-related processes.We observed that OsARF13 expression is significantly higher in japonica rice callus than in indica rice callus.This differential expression might be associated with an allelic variation in the promoter region of OsARF13,where a deletion commonly found in indica rice corresponds to the loss of a conserved auxin-responsive element(AuxRE)motif.To functionally characterize OsARF13,we generated CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout mutants.These mutants exhibited a substantial reduction in callus fresh weight,demonstrating that OsARF13 is required for efficient callus induction.Transcriptome analysis of the osarf13 mutant further showed that OsARF13 influences the expression of genes involved in hormone signal transduction and stress responses.Our findings suggest that OsARF13 is a key component of the regulatory network governing callus induction and that natural variation in its promoter might provide a potential explanation for the differential regenerative capacity between japonica and indica rice subspecies.展开更多
DO we need a fundamental change in our professional culture and knowledge foundation for control and automation?If so,what are necessary and critical steps we must take to ensure such a change would take place effecti...DO we need a fundamental change in our professional culture and knowledge foundation for control and automation?If so,what are necessary and critical steps we must take to ensure such a change would take place effectively and efficiently,or more general,smoothly and sustainably?展开更多
A protective forest,including shelterbelt,windbreak,and shelter forest as its synonyms,is characterized by the protective functions of various forest types distributed or planted on ecologically fragile areas or nearb...A protective forest,including shelterbelt,windbreak,and shelter forest as its synonyms,is characterized by the protective functions of various forest types distributed or planted on ecologically fragile areas or nearby the objects that need to be protected using the ecological effects of forests.Ecological mechanisms for management practices of protective forests is one of the disciplinary orientations in forest ecology and management.Most protective forest studies are dependent on forestry eco-engineering,such as the Great Plains Shelterbelt Project in the United States,the Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature in the Soviet Union,and the Three-North Afforestation Program in China.The development of sustainable management of protective forests has been given increasing attention by governments,scientists,and media due to their impacts on environment conservation and global change.We introduce forestry ecoengineering and provide a review of their main ecological mechanisms for management practices of protective forests.Ecological mechanisms for management systems currently applied are emphasized,i.e.,the theory of protection maturity and phase-directional management;the relationship between structure and protective functions and structural optimization measures;and,the decline mechanism and ecological restoration strategies.In addition,several unresolved problems in management practices of protective forests are discussed as well as the prospects for ecological mechanisms for management practices of protective forests in the future,which include:(1)theories and technologies for management practices of protective forests at the landscape or regional scale;(2)the decline mechanisms and corresponding ecological restoration approaches across multiple scales;and,(3)the comprehensive assessment of forestry eco-engineering at large-scales based on ecosystem principles.展开更多
These days' smart buildings have high intensive information and massive operational parameters, not only extensive power consumption. With the development of computation capability and future 5 G, the ACP theory(i...These days' smart buildings have high intensive information and massive operational parameters, not only extensive power consumption. With the development of computation capability and future 5 G, the ACP theory(i.e., artificial systems,computational experiments, and parallel computing) will play a much more crucial role in modeling and control of complex systems like commercial and academic buildings. The necessity of making accurate predictions of energy consumption out of a large number of operational parameters has become a crucial problem in smart buildings. Previous attempts have been made to seek energy consumption predictions based on historical data in buildings. However, there are still questions about parallel building consumption prediction mechanism using a large number of operational parameters. This article proposes a novel hybrid deep learning prediction approach that utilizes long short-term memory as an encoder and gated recurrent unit as a decoder in conjunction with ACP theory. The proposed approach is tested and validated by real-world dataset, and the results outperformed traditional predictive models compared in this paper.展开更多
While presenting biological characteristics of vaccinia virus and laboratory-acquired infections during related research processes, this paper focuses on benefits and risks of vaccinia virus immunization in relation t...While presenting biological characteristics of vaccinia virus and laboratory-acquired infections during related research processes, this paper focuses on benefits and risks of vaccinia virus immunization in relation to laboratory-acquired infections, describes characteristics and the adaptation of vaccinia virus vaccine, analyses the role vaccinia virus immunization plays in the prevention and control of laboratory-acquired infections, and finally proposes solutions and countermeasures to further promote and implement immune control strategies. The problem related to immune strategy and laboratory- acquired infections which is being raised, analyzed and explored plays an active and instructive role in vaccinia virus related researches and laboratory- acquired infections, and also helps to recommend and develop relevant immune strategy for future vaccine control of such infections.展开更多
Based on ACP(artificial systems,computational experiments,and parallel execution)methodology,parallel control and management has become a popularly systematic and complete solution for the control and management of co...Based on ACP(artificial systems,computational experiments,and parallel execution)methodology,parallel control and management has become a popularly systematic and complete solution for the control and management of complex systems.This paper focuses on summarizing comprehensive review of the research literature of parallel control and management achieved in the recent years including the theoretical framework,core technologies,and the application demonstration.The future research,application directions,and suggestions are also discussed.展开更多
Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease that has significant negative impacts on humans and our companion animals,including dogs and cats.Obesity occurs with multiple comorbidities,such as diabetes,hypertension,heart d...Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease that has significant negative impacts on humans and our companion animals,including dogs and cats.Obesity occurs with multiple comorbidities,such as diabetes,hypertension,heart disease and osteoarthritis in dogs and cats.A direct link between lipid metabolism dysregulation and obesity-associated diseases has been implicated.However,the understanding of such pathophysiology in companion animals is lim-ited.This review aims to address the role of lipid metabolism in various metabolic disorders associated with obesity,emphasizing the involvement of the gut microbiota.Furthermore,we also discuss the management of obesity,including approaches like nutritional interventions,thus providing novel insights into obesity prevention and treatment for canines and felines.展开更多
Hyperuricemia,a metabolic disorder related to uric acid metabolism dysregulation,has become a common metabolic disease worldwide,due to changes in lifestyle and dietary structure.In recent years,owing to their high ac...Hyperuricemia,a metabolic disorder related to uric acid metabolism dysregulation,has become a common metabolic disease worldwide,due to changes in lifestyle and dietary structure.In recent years,owing to their high activity and few adverse effects,food-derived active peptides used as functional foods against hyperuricemia have attracted increasing attention.This article aims to focus on the challenge associated with peptide-specific preparation methods development,functional components identification,action mechanism(s)clarification,and bioavailability improvement.The current review proposed recent advances in producing the food-derived peptides with high anti-hyperuricemia activity by protein source screening and matched enzymatic hydrolysis condition adjusting,increased the knowledge about strategies to search antihyperuricemia peptides with definite structure,and emphasized the necessity of combining computer-aided approaches and activity evaluations.In addition,novel action mechanism mediated by gut microbiota was discussed,providing different insights from classical mechanism.Moreover,considering that little attention was paid previously on the structure-activity relationships of anti-hyperuricemia peptides,we collected the sequences from published studies and make a preliminary summary about the structure-activity relationships,which in turn provided guides for enzymatic hydrolysis optimization and bioavailability improvement.Hopefully,this article could promote the development,application and commercialization of food-derived anti-hyperuricemia peptides in the future.展开更多
Today's sophisticated biomedical research sometimes requires the use of laboratory animals raised in stable micronen vironments free from the microorganisms that may compromise the success of an experiment. Labora...Today's sophisticated biomedical research sometimes requires the use of laboratory animals raised in stable micronen vironments free from the microorganisms that may compromise the success of an experiment. Laboratory rodents can be obtained in one of several categories defined by the degree to which they harbour microflora, whether commensal, potentially pathogenic or pathogenic. It is now possible to specify the different species of organism that are tolerated and those that are not tolerated, In such model laboratory animals it is essential to raise and maintain them in circumstances under which microorganisms that would not be tolerated cannot enter the production system.展开更多
Venom plays several important roles in the life of the fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren.Laboratory rearing significantly affected the toxin component of S.invicta.However,the molecular mechanism of the change of veno...Venom plays several important roles in the life of the fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren.Laboratory rearing significantly affected the toxin component of S.invicta.However,the molecular mechanism of the change of venomous components when kept in the laboratory is unclear.In this study,RNA sequencing technique(RNA-Seq)was performed to explore differentially expressed genes in the venom gland of S.invicta at 0,10,and 60 days after laboratory rearing.The RNA-Seq results showed that the expression of a large number of genes changed.The DEGs were involved in multiple pathways,including proteolysis,serine-type endopeptidase,and allergen.Furthermore,RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR data revealed that the expression of some genes related to proteolysis and allergen significantly decreased.Thus,our data generated new data relating to toxin-component and the transcriptome dynamics in the venom gland of S.invicta during laboratory rearing.展开更多
This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signa...This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning accuracy.Managed by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude regions.Ina-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast Asia.We provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this network.We generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific research.Two preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are noteworthy.First,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther eastward.Second,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East Asia.We have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,2024.We observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities post-midnight.By sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionospheric research.展开更多
WITH the rapid development of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI),edge computing,and cloud intelligence,the medical field is undergoing a fundamental transformation[1].These technologies significantly enh...WITH the rapid development of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI),edge computing,and cloud intelligence,the medical field is undergoing a fundamental transformation[1].These technologies significantly enhance the medical system's capability to process complex data and also improve the real-time response rate to patient needs.In this wave of technological innovation,parallel intelligence,along with Artificial systems,Computational experiments,and Parallel execution(ACP)approach[2]will play a crucial role.Through parallel interactions between virtual and real systems,this approach optimizes the functionality of medical devices and instruments,enhancing the accuracy of diagnoses and treatments while enabling the autonomous evolution and adaptive adjustment of medical systems.展开更多
Viruses are significant pathogens causing severe plant infections and crop losses globally.The resistance mechanisms of rice to viral diseases,particularly Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus(SRBSDV),remain poorl...Viruses are significant pathogens causing severe plant infections and crop losses globally.The resistance mechanisms of rice to viral diseases,particularly Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus(SRBSDV),remain poorly understood.In this study,we assessed SRBSDV susceptibility in 20 Xian/indica(XI)and 20 Geng/japonica(GJ)rice varieties.XI-1B accessions in the Xian subgroup displayed higher resistance than GJ accessions.Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed changes in processes like oxidoreductase activity,jasmonic acid(JA)metabolism,and stress response.JA sensitivity assays further linked antiviral defense to the JA pathway.These findings highlight a JA-mediated resistance mechanism in rice and offer insights for breeding SRBSDV-resistant varieties.展开更多
Background The composition and relative abundances of intestinal microbiota are closely related to animal growth,development and health.This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution and temp...Background The composition and relative abundances of intestinal microbiota are closely related to animal growth,development and health.This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of intestinal fungi in pigs,with a focus on fungal alterations associated with diarrhea.Methods Intestinal digesta from duodenum,jejunum,ileum,cecum,colon and feces of 8 finishing pigs(180 days old)were collected.Fecal samples were also collected from 18 pigs across different growth stages,including lactation(3 d),nursery(26 d,35 d,49 d),growing(120 d)and finishing(180 d).Additionally,feces were collected from 32 diarrheal and 32 healthy piglets at 28 days old.Fungal community profiling in these samples was performed using internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequencing.Results A total of 9,224 amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)were detected in all of 220 samples.Intestinal fungal diversity exhibited clear biogeographic patterns,with significantly lower richness and Shannon index in the ileum(P<0.05)and significantly higher richness in the large intestine and feces(P<0.05).The fungal community structure also varied significantly across intestinal segments,with Kazachstania dominating in the ileum and Geotrichum in the duodenum and jejunum.Across growth stages,fecal fungal diversity increased after weaning.PCoA results revealed that fungal structure exhibited significant temporal changes(R=0.7313,P=0.001),with the core fungal taxa dominated by Diutina catenulata,Aspergillus restrictus and Tahromyces munnarensis.In addition,by comparing the fungal community of piglets with and without diarrhea,the richness and Shannon index were significantly higher in the diarrheal piglets than those in healthy piglets(P<0.05)with Kazachstania,Diutina and Aspergillus enriched in diarrheal piglets and Geotrichum,Tahromyces and Piromyces in healthy piglets.Conclusions The intestinal fungal community in pigs shows distinct spatial variation,with greater diversity in the large intestine.Fungal composition shifts dynamically with age,particularly around the weaning transition.This study highlights specific fungal taxa associated with diarrhea caused by weaning stress,offering new insights into the interplay between gut fungi and pig health.展开更多
High-concentration single-atom doping remains a formidable challenge due to the propensity for single atoms to form clusters or aggregate at elevated concentrations.Herein,high-concentration (10.8 wt%) Zn singleatom-d...High-concentration single-atom doping remains a formidable challenge due to the propensity for single atoms to form clusters or aggregate at elevated concentrations.Herein,high-concentration (10.8 wt%) Zn singleatom-doped porous tubular g-C_(3)N_(4)(ZCN) was successfully obtained via a template-free,one-step calcination method,exhibiting excellent photocatalytic performance.The confinement of the pore walls suppresses the Zn atom'smigration and aggregation,enhancing the Zn single-atom stability.ZCN exhibited excellent photodegradation performance against tetracycline with outstanding stability.Moreover,ZCN displayed remarkable sterilization performance,achieving a 100%inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus within 90 min of visible-light exposure.Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the Zn single-atom sites act as pivotal photocatalytic active sites,with the presence of Zn single atoms notably augmenting charge separation efficiency.This work provides a novel approach for managing photocatalytic efficiency through enlarging single-atom doping,offering an avenue for pollutant photodegradation and sterilization.展开更多
As Artificial Intelligence(AI)is moving fast from Large Language Models(LLMs)to AI Agents and Agentic Intelligence,the need to incorporate new AI into Decision Intelligence(DI)is becoming more and more urgent for both...As Artificial Intelligence(AI)is moving fast from Large Language Models(LLMs)to AI Agents and Agentic Intelligence,the need to incorporate new AI into Decision Intelligence(DI)is becoming more and more urgent for both practical and theoretic reasons:both decision and process complexities would be significantly increased due to the use of advanced AI tools and agents,and both traditional and recent thinking must be rethought and reconstructed accordingly.Our perspective would like to address this important issue based on some historical milestone developments in Computer-Aided Software Engineering(CASE)and recent efforts in digital theatrical technology[1].展开更多
A P-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar(PolSAR)sensor has deep penetration ability into and through the vegetation canopies in forested environments.Thus,the sensor is of great potential to accurately assess fo...A P-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar(PolSAR)sensor has deep penetration ability into and through the vegetation canopies in forested environments.Thus,the sensor is of great potential to accurately assess forest parameters such as coverage,stand density,and tree height.Unfortunately,the radar backscatter from complex terrain can adversely impact the backscatter from trees or forests,and forest parameters assessed can be erroneous.Thus,reducing the topographic impact is an urgent must.In this study,a topographic compensation algorithm has been studied.To assess the algorithm’s validity and effectiveness,we applied it to P-band PolSAR datasets in four forested areas in the US.Trees in the forest stands have diverse species,and the topographic conditions of the terrain differ.Significant topographic impact on the P-band PolSAR data exists before the topographic compensation algorithm.After the algorithm,the impact decreases noticeably qualitatively and quantitatively.The algorithm is valid and effective in reducing the topographic influence on the PolSAR data and,consequently,provides a better chance of retrieving accurate forest parameters.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2024YFA0917200)the Projects of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Grant No.BB2110240090)World Medical History under the Education Innovation Plan of the University of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2024YCHX07).
文摘Background:Infectious disease control has historically functioned as a critical intersection of biological survival and social organization.For centuries,humanity relied on empirical defenses such as quarantine and environmental sanitation.However,the theoretical foundation of prevention has shifted significantly toward biomedical sciences,including microbiology,immunology,and molecular biology.Methods:Using a public health history framework,this review synthesizes data from academic archives,monographs,and policy documents.We examined key case studies-Plague,Cholera,Influenza,HIV/AIDS,and COVID-19-to map the technological and institutional evolution of disease management.Results:We locate the primary historical turning point in the 19th century.It was here that control strategies evolved from crude population mandates into precise biomedical interventions.The synthesis of sanitary reform and germ theory catalyzed this era of scientific progress.Following the standardization of vaccines and antibiotics,the focus shifted to chronic management during the HIV/AIDS crisis.Contemporary tools like mRNA platforms and genomic surveillance continue this lineage,yet their practical application remains uneven globally.Conclusion:We conclude that biomedical breakthroughs are necessary but insufficient for security.Effective defense requires coupling scientific tools with resilient infrastructure and global health coordination to resolve systemic inequities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32201834 and 32201814)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.324RC530)+1 种基金the Hainan Provincial‘Nanhai NewStar’Science and Technology Innovation Platform Project,China(Grant No.NHXXRCXM-202362)the Research Startup Funding from Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University,China(Grant No.0201-6602-A12202).
文摘The significant variation in plant regeneration efficiency between indica and japonica rice poses a major challenge for crop improvement.However,the molecular basis for this divergence remains largely unclear.In this study,we investigated the role of Oryza sativa AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 13(OsARF13),a transcription factor involved in callus-related processes.We observed that OsARF13 expression is significantly higher in japonica rice callus than in indica rice callus.This differential expression might be associated with an allelic variation in the promoter region of OsARF13,where a deletion commonly found in indica rice corresponds to the loss of a conserved auxin-responsive element(AuxRE)motif.To functionally characterize OsARF13,we generated CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout mutants.These mutants exhibited a substantial reduction in callus fresh weight,demonstrating that OsARF13 is required for efficient callus induction.Transcriptome analysis of the osarf13 mutant further showed that OsARF13 influences the expression of genes involved in hormone signal transduction and stress responses.Our findings suggest that OsARF13 is a key component of the regulatory network governing callus induction and that natural variation in its promoter might provide a potential explanation for the differential regenerative capacity between japonica and indica rice subspecies.
基金partially supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SAR(0050/2020/A1)。
文摘DO we need a fundamental change in our professional culture and knowledge foundation for control and automation?If so,what are necessary and critical steps we must take to ensure such a change would take place effectively and efficiently,or more general,smoothly and sustainably?
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 program)of China(2012AA101906-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3140030594)
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61533017,61273140,61304079,61374105,61379099,61233001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-15-056A3)the Open Research Project from SKLMCCS(20150104)
基金supported by grants from the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(QYZDJSSW-DQC027)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31770757,31770758)+1 种基金the Consultation Project supported by Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019-ZW09-A-032)“Research on Development of Key Subjects in 2020−2021”from Ecological Society of China.
文摘A protective forest,including shelterbelt,windbreak,and shelter forest as its synonyms,is characterized by the protective functions of various forest types distributed or planted on ecologically fragile areas or nearby the objects that need to be protected using the ecological effects of forests.Ecological mechanisms for management practices of protective forests is one of the disciplinary orientations in forest ecology and management.Most protective forest studies are dependent on forestry eco-engineering,such as the Great Plains Shelterbelt Project in the United States,the Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature in the Soviet Union,and the Three-North Afforestation Program in China.The development of sustainable management of protective forests has been given increasing attention by governments,scientists,and media due to their impacts on environment conservation and global change.We introduce forestry ecoengineering and provide a review of their main ecological mechanisms for management practices of protective forests.Ecological mechanisms for management systems currently applied are emphasized,i.e.,the theory of protection maturity and phase-directional management;the relationship between structure and protective functions and structural optimization measures;and,the decline mechanism and ecological restoration strategies.In addition,several unresolved problems in management practices of protective forests are discussed as well as the prospects for ecological mechanisms for management practices of protective forests in the future,which include:(1)theories and technologies for management practices of protective forests at the landscape or regional scale;(2)the decline mechanisms and corresponding ecological restoration approaches across multiple scales;and,(3)the comprehensive assessment of forestry eco-engineering at large-scales based on ecosystem principles.
文摘These days' smart buildings have high intensive information and massive operational parameters, not only extensive power consumption. With the development of computation capability and future 5 G, the ACP theory(i.e., artificial systems,computational experiments, and parallel computing) will play a much more crucial role in modeling and control of complex systems like commercial and academic buildings. The necessity of making accurate predictions of energy consumption out of a large number of operational parameters has become a crucial problem in smart buildings. Previous attempts have been made to seek energy consumption predictions based on historical data in buildings. However, there are still questions about parallel building consumption prediction mechanism using a large number of operational parameters. This article proposes a novel hybrid deep learning prediction approach that utilizes long short-term memory as an encoder and gated recurrent unit as a decoder in conjunction with ACP theory. The proposed approach is tested and validated by real-world dataset, and the results outperformed traditional predictive models compared in this paper.
基金supported by the National Health and Family Planning Commission(201302006)
文摘While presenting biological characteristics of vaccinia virus and laboratory-acquired infections during related research processes, this paper focuses on benefits and risks of vaccinia virus immunization in relation to laboratory-acquired infections, describes characteristics and the adaptation of vaccinia virus vaccine, analyses the role vaccinia virus immunization plays in the prevention and control of laboratory-acquired infections, and finally proposes solutions and countermeasures to further promote and implement immune control strategies. The problem related to immune strategy and laboratory- acquired infections which is being raised, analyzed and explored plays an active and instructive role in vaccinia virus related researches and laboratory- acquired infections, and also helps to recommend and develop relevant immune strategy for future vaccine control of such infections.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1702701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61773381,61773382)+1 种基金Dongguan’s Innovation Talents Project(Gang Xiong)Chinese Guangdong’s Science and Technology Project(2017B090912001)
文摘Based on ACP(artificial systems,computational experiments,and parallel execution)methodology,parallel control and management has become a popularly systematic and complete solution for the control and management of complex systems.This paper focuses on summarizing comprehensive review of the research literature of parallel control and management achieved in the recent years including the theoretical framework,core technologies,and the application demonstration.The future research,application directions,and suggestions are also discussed.
基金funded by research grants from the Jiangsu Provincial Double-Innovation Team Program(JSSCTD202147)Nutrition and Care of Maternal and Child Research Fund Project of the Biostime Institute of Nutrition and Care(Grant No.2022BINCMCF006)+1 种基金the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX22_3527)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Obesity is a prevalent chronic disease that has significant negative impacts on humans and our companion animals,including dogs and cats.Obesity occurs with multiple comorbidities,such as diabetes,hypertension,heart disease and osteoarthritis in dogs and cats.A direct link between lipid metabolism dysregulation and obesity-associated diseases has been implicated.However,the understanding of such pathophysiology in companion animals is lim-ited.This review aims to address the role of lipid metabolism in various metabolic disorders associated with obesity,emphasizing the involvement of the gut microbiota.Furthermore,we also discuss the management of obesity,including approaches like nutritional interventions,thus providing novel insights into obesity prevention and treatment for canines and felines.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation China(32270115)National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0901102)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(SJLY2021015)K.C.Wong Magna Fund of Ningbo University。
文摘Hyperuricemia,a metabolic disorder related to uric acid metabolism dysregulation,has become a common metabolic disease worldwide,due to changes in lifestyle and dietary structure.In recent years,owing to their high activity and few adverse effects,food-derived active peptides used as functional foods against hyperuricemia have attracted increasing attention.This article aims to focus on the challenge associated with peptide-specific preparation methods development,functional components identification,action mechanism(s)clarification,and bioavailability improvement.The current review proposed recent advances in producing the food-derived peptides with high anti-hyperuricemia activity by protein source screening and matched enzymatic hydrolysis condition adjusting,increased the knowledge about strategies to search antihyperuricemia peptides with definite structure,and emphasized the necessity of combining computer-aided approaches and activity evaluations.In addition,novel action mechanism mediated by gut microbiota was discussed,providing different insights from classical mechanism.Moreover,considering that little attention was paid previously on the structure-activity relationships of anti-hyperuricemia peptides,we collected the sequences from published studies and make a preliminary summary about the structure-activity relationships,which in turn provided guides for enzymatic hydrolysis optimization and bioavailability improvement.Hopefully,this article could promote the development,application and commercialization of food-derived anti-hyperuricemia peptides in the future.
文摘Today's sophisticated biomedical research sometimes requires the use of laboratory animals raised in stable micronen vironments free from the microorganisms that may compromise the success of an experiment. Laboratory rodents can be obtained in one of several categories defined by the degree to which they harbour microflora, whether commensal, potentially pathogenic or pathogenic. It is now possible to specify the different species of organism that are tolerated and those that are not tolerated, In such model laboratory animals it is essential to raise and maintain them in circumstances under which microorganisms that would not be tolerated cannot enter the production system.
基金This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board(IRB)Institutional of Plant Protection and Microbiology,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The approval code is 2020AWE061801The approval date is June 19,2020.
文摘Venom plays several important roles in the life of the fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren.Laboratory rearing significantly affected the toxin component of S.invicta.However,the molecular mechanism of the change of venomous components when kept in the laboratory is unclear.In this study,RNA sequencing technique(RNA-Seq)was performed to explore differentially expressed genes in the venom gland of S.invicta at 0,10,and 60 days after laboratory rearing.The RNA-Seq results showed that the expression of a large number of genes changed.The DEGs were involved in multiple pathways,including proteolysis,serine-type endopeptidase,and allergen.Furthermore,RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR data revealed that the expression of some genes related to proteolysis and allergen significantly decreased.Thus,our data generated new data relating to toxin-component and the transcriptome dynamics in the venom gland of S.invicta during laboratory rearing.
基金JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number16H06286 supports global GNSS ionospheric maps (TEC,ROTI,and detrended TEC maps) developed by the Institute for SpaceEarth Environmental Research (ISEE) of Nagoya Universitysupport of the 2024 JASSO Follow-up Research Fellowship Program for a 90-day visiting research at the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE),Nagoya University+3 种基金the support received from Telkom University under the“Skema Penelitian Terapan Periode I Tahun Anggaran 2024”the Memorandum of Understanding for Research Collaboration on Regional Ionospheric Observation (No:092/SAM3/TE-DEK/2021)the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) International Exchange Program 2024-2025(No.2024-007)support for a one-year visiting research at Hokkaido University
文摘This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning accuracy.Managed by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude regions.Ina-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast Asia.We provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this network.We generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific research.Two preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are noteworthy.First,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther eastward.Second,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East Asia.We have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,2024.We observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities post-midnight.By sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionospheric research.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao Special Administrative Region(SAR)(0093/2023/RIA2,0145/2023/RIA3).
文摘WITH the rapid development of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI),edge computing,and cloud intelligence,the medical field is undergoing a fundamental transformation[1].These technologies significantly enhance the medical system's capability to process complex data and also improve the real-time response rate to patient needs.In this wave of technological innovation,parallel intelligence,along with Artificial systems,Computational experiments,and Parallel execution(ACP)approach[2]will play a crucial role.Through parallel interactions between virtual and real systems,this approach optimizes the functionality of medical devices and instruments,enhancing the accuracy of diagnoses and treatments while enabling the autonomous evolution and adaptive adjustment of medical systems.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2023YFD1400300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A6006,32270149,32272555)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LZ22C140001)the Ningbo Major Research and Development Plan Project(2023Z124).
文摘Viruses are significant pathogens causing severe plant infections and crop losses globally.The resistance mechanisms of rice to viral diseases,particularly Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus(SRBSDV),remain poorly understood.In this study,we assessed SRBSDV susceptibility in 20 Xian/indica(XI)and 20 Geng/japonica(GJ)rice varieties.XI-1B accessions in the Xian subgroup displayed higher resistance than GJ accessions.Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed changes in processes like oxidoreductase activity,jasmonic acid(JA)metabolism,and stress response.JA sensitivity assays further linked antiviral defense to the JA pathway.These findings highlight a JA-mediated resistance mechanism in rice and offer insights for breeding SRBSDV-resistant varieties.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372907)State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products(No.10417000023 CE0601G/004/002)。
文摘Background The composition and relative abundances of intestinal microbiota are closely related to animal growth,development and health.This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of intestinal fungi in pigs,with a focus on fungal alterations associated with diarrhea.Methods Intestinal digesta from duodenum,jejunum,ileum,cecum,colon and feces of 8 finishing pigs(180 days old)were collected.Fecal samples were also collected from 18 pigs across different growth stages,including lactation(3 d),nursery(26 d,35 d,49 d),growing(120 d)and finishing(180 d).Additionally,feces were collected from 32 diarrheal and 32 healthy piglets at 28 days old.Fungal community profiling in these samples was performed using internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequencing.Results A total of 9,224 amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)were detected in all of 220 samples.Intestinal fungal diversity exhibited clear biogeographic patterns,with significantly lower richness and Shannon index in the ileum(P<0.05)and significantly higher richness in the large intestine and feces(P<0.05).The fungal community structure also varied significantly across intestinal segments,with Kazachstania dominating in the ileum and Geotrichum in the duodenum and jejunum.Across growth stages,fecal fungal diversity increased after weaning.PCoA results revealed that fungal structure exhibited significant temporal changes(R=0.7313,P=0.001),with the core fungal taxa dominated by Diutina catenulata,Aspergillus restrictus and Tahromyces munnarensis.In addition,by comparing the fungal community of piglets with and without diarrhea,the richness and Shannon index were significantly higher in the diarrheal piglets than those in healthy piglets(P<0.05)with Kazachstania,Diutina and Aspergillus enriched in diarrheal piglets and Geotrichum,Tahromyces and Piromyces in healthy piglets.Conclusions The intestinal fungal community in pigs shows distinct spatial variation,with greater diversity in the large intestine.Fungal composition shifts dynamically with age,particularly around the weaning transition.This study highlights specific fungal taxa associated with diarrhea caused by weaning stress,offering new insights into the interplay between gut fungi and pig health.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFF0612601)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2023C02038)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo(No.2022Z178)China Construction Technology Research and Development Project(No.CSCEC-2021-Z-5)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ23B010003)
文摘High-concentration single-atom doping remains a formidable challenge due to the propensity for single atoms to form clusters or aggregate at elevated concentrations.Herein,high-concentration (10.8 wt%) Zn singleatom-doped porous tubular g-C_(3)N_(4)(ZCN) was successfully obtained via a template-free,one-step calcination method,exhibiting excellent photocatalytic performance.The confinement of the pore walls suppresses the Zn atom'smigration and aggregation,enhancing the Zn single-atom stability.ZCN exhibited excellent photodegradation performance against tetracycline with outstanding stability.Moreover,ZCN displayed remarkable sterilization performance,achieving a 100%inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus within 90 min of visible-light exposure.Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the Zn single-atom sites act as pivotal photocatalytic active sites,with the presence of Zn single atoms notably augmenting charge separation efficiency.This work provides a novel approach for managing photocatalytic efficiency through enlarging single-atom doping,offering an avenue for pollutant photodegradation and sterilization.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao Special Administrative Region(SAR)(0093/2023/RIA2,0157/2024/RIA2,0145/2023/RIA3)the Distinguished Program of Obuda University and the DeSci Center for Parallel Intelligence at the Obuda University,Hungary.This article is based on the report of“Digital Theaters and Theatrical Intelligence for Decision Science”Project(DeSCII-0017-1023-2023,PI:Qinghua Ni)initiated by DeSci International.
文摘As Artificial Intelligence(AI)is moving fast from Large Language Models(LLMs)to AI Agents and Agentic Intelligence,the need to incorporate new AI into Decision Intelligence(DI)is becoming more and more urgent for both practical and theoretic reasons:both decision and process complexities would be significantly increased due to the use of advanced AI tools and agents,and both traditional and recent thinking must be rethought and reconstructed accordingly.Our perspective would like to address this important issue based on some historical milestone developments in Computer-Aided Software Engineering(CASE)and recent efforts in digital theatrical technology[1].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.41771401 and No.42350710201.
文摘A P-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar(PolSAR)sensor has deep penetration ability into and through the vegetation canopies in forested environments.Thus,the sensor is of great potential to accurately assess forest parameters such as coverage,stand density,and tree height.Unfortunately,the radar backscatter from complex terrain can adversely impact the backscatter from trees or forests,and forest parameters assessed can be erroneous.Thus,reducing the topographic impact is an urgent must.In this study,a topographic compensation algorithm has been studied.To assess the algorithm’s validity and effectiveness,we applied it to P-band PolSAR datasets in four forested areas in the US.Trees in the forest stands have diverse species,and the topographic conditions of the terrain differ.Significant topographic impact on the P-band PolSAR data exists before the topographic compensation algorithm.After the algorithm,the impact decreases noticeably qualitatively and quantitatively.The algorithm is valid and effective in reducing the topographic influence on the PolSAR data and,consequently,provides a better chance of retrieving accurate forest parameters.
