通过一步溶剂热法,在泡沫镍衬底(NF)上成功地制备了一种多功能电极材料,即含锆掺杂的镍硫化物(命名为Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF).通过调节锆源加入量,以优化样品微观结构和催化活性,结果表明:在锆源加入量为1 mmol时,得到的Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF纳...通过一步溶剂热法,在泡沫镍衬底(NF)上成功地制备了一种多功能电极材料,即含锆掺杂的镍硫化物(命名为Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF).通过调节锆源加入量,以优化样品微观结构和催化活性,结果表明:在锆源加入量为1 mmol时,得到的Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF纳米材料展现出均匀的纳米颗粒涂层结构.在1 M KOH溶液中,该材料表现出优异的HER(hydrogen evolution reaction)活性,在10 mA cm^(-2)电流密度下,其析氢过电位仅为95 mV,并且具有超过30小时的良好循环稳定性.当使用Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF同时作为阴极和阳极进行全解水时,它能够在1.98 V电压下产生200 mA cm^(-2)的电流密度,并具有15小时以上的循环稳定性,优于当前大多数非贵金属的电催化剂.展开更多
Objective:To characterize the immunogenicity and the induction of cross-reactive responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis)of a proteoliposome(PL)from Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guerin(BC...Objective:To characterize the immunogenicity and the induction of cross-reactive responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis)of a proteoliposome(PL)from Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guerin(BCG)with and without alum hydroxide(AL)as adjuvant(PLBCG-AL and PLBCG,respectively)in BALB/c mice.Methods:BALB/c mice were inoculated with phosphate buffer solution,BCG,PLBCG and PLBCG-AL.The humoral immunogenicity was determined by ELISA[immunoglobulin G(Ig G),Ig G1 and Ig G2a]and the cellular immunogenicity was evaluated in vivo by delayed type hypersensitivity.The humoral cross-reactive response against M.tuberculosis was determined by Western blot.Results:Sera from animals immunized with PLBCG-AL and PLBCG showed significant increase in specific total Ig G and Ig G1 antibodies and the presence of cross-reactive antibodies against M.tuberculosis antigens,which were more intense with the use of alum as adjuvant.Mice immunized with PLBCG and PLBCG-AL also showed a specific cellular response in vivo.Conclusions:The cellular and humoral immunogenicity of PLBCG and the capacity to induce cross-reactive responses against M.tuberculosis is in agreement with the protective capacity previously demonstrated by this vaccine candidate and supports the continuation of its evaluation in further stages.展开更多
文摘通过一步溶剂热法,在泡沫镍衬底(NF)上成功地制备了一种多功能电极材料,即含锆掺杂的镍硫化物(命名为Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF).通过调节锆源加入量,以优化样品微观结构和催化活性,结果表明:在锆源加入量为1 mmol时,得到的Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF纳米材料展现出均匀的纳米颗粒涂层结构.在1 M KOH溶液中,该材料表现出优异的HER(hydrogen evolution reaction)活性,在10 mA cm^(-2)电流密度下,其析氢过电位仅为95 mV,并且具有超过30小时的良好循环稳定性.当使用Zr-Ni_(0.96)S/NF同时作为阴极和阳极进行全解水时,它能够在1.98 V电压下产生200 mA cm^(-2)的电流密度,并具有15小时以上的循环稳定性,优于当前大多数非贵金属的电催化剂.
基金Supported by the Long-Term Research Grant Scheme Grant,Department of Higher Education,Ministry of Education,Malaysia(Grant No.203.PPSK.67212002)as well as the Ministry of Science and Technology,Cuba
文摘Objective:To characterize the immunogenicity and the induction of cross-reactive responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis)of a proteoliposome(PL)from Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guerin(BCG)with and without alum hydroxide(AL)as adjuvant(PLBCG-AL and PLBCG,respectively)in BALB/c mice.Methods:BALB/c mice were inoculated with phosphate buffer solution,BCG,PLBCG and PLBCG-AL.The humoral immunogenicity was determined by ELISA[immunoglobulin G(Ig G),Ig G1 and Ig G2a]and the cellular immunogenicity was evaluated in vivo by delayed type hypersensitivity.The humoral cross-reactive response against M.tuberculosis was determined by Western blot.Results:Sera from animals immunized with PLBCG-AL and PLBCG showed significant increase in specific total Ig G and Ig G1 antibodies and the presence of cross-reactive antibodies against M.tuberculosis antigens,which were more intense with the use of alum as adjuvant.Mice immunized with PLBCG and PLBCG-AL also showed a specific cellular response in vivo.Conclusions:The cellular and humoral immunogenicity of PLBCG and the capacity to induce cross-reactive responses against M.tuberculosis is in agreement with the protective capacity previously demonstrated by this vaccine candidate and supports the continuation of its evaluation in further stages.
