Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Metho...Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Methods This was an ambispective cohort study. A total of 85 older adults participating in the Chronic Heart Failure Program at Guillermo Almenara National Hospital were included. Each had an initial frailty assessment, forming two cohorts: frail and non-frail older adults. Medical records were reviewed, and patients were followed for one year to track events of interest(hospitalization and mortality). Overall survival and risk factors for hospitalization and death were determined.Results During follow-up, 15.3% of the older adults died, and frailty was identified in 58.8% of the patients. Overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method was 96.5% at 3 months after entering the Chronic Heart Failure Program;92.9% at 6 months;and85.9% at one year. Multivariate analysis using Poisson regression found that frailty was not a risk factor for hospitalization(a RR =0.92;95% CI: 0.42–2.03). Survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that frailty was also not a risk factor for mortality after one year of follow-up(a HR = 1.32;95% CI: 0.27–6.53).Conclusions Our research does not confirm frailty as a risk factor for hospitalization or mortality in older adults enrolled in the“Chronic Heart Failure Program” after one year of follow-up.展开更多
Physician well-being is vital to delivering high-quality emergency care.A supported and healthy emergency medicine workforce leads to better patient outcomes,fewer medical errors,and greater job satisfaction and staff...Physician well-being is vital to delivering high-quality emergency care.A supported and healthy emergency medicine workforce leads to better patient outcomes,fewer medical errors,and greater job satisfaction and staff retention.[1,2]Emergency physicians(EPs)face unique pressures,including shift work,high patient volumes and acuities,overcrowding,and systemic inefficiencies that escalate their risk of burnout.As a result,EPs have reported the highest rates of burnout among physician specialties.展开更多
The use of Cu_(2)O-based photocathodes has demonstrated the promising activity of these earth-abundant materials for the photoelectrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),particularly in producing methanol.Howev...The use of Cu_(2)O-based photocathodes has demonstrated the promising activity of these earth-abundant materials for the photoelectrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),particularly in producing methanol.However,their application in long-term devices is hindered by severe photocorrosion.To address this limitation,photocathode designs incorporating Schottky barriers,heterojunctions,and scaffolding layers have been explored.In this work,a CuBi_(2)O_(4)/CuO thin layer was employed as a scaffold to support Cu_(2)O films with either seeded or grown morphologies for enhanced photoelectrochemical CO_(2)RR.Photoelectrochemical testing in CO_(2)-saturated electrolyte revealed that 0.55 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)yielded the highest activity and stability for methanol(CH_(3)OH)production,outperforming more negative potentials.Furthermore,the present work highlighted that electrolyte engineering can be used to promote the generation of alternative products such as methyl acetate(CH_(3)COOCH_(3)).The presence of CuBi_(2)O_(4)/CuO scaffold was critical for allowing this pathway,providing both enhanced stability and improved charge transfer on the Cu_(2)O surface.The generation of CH_(3)COOCH_(3)is attributed to locally modified microenvironments that facilitate the esterification reaction when acetate is present in solution.These findings highlight the role of scaffold engineering in improving photocathode performance and electrolyte tuning in steering product selectivity toward scarcely explored,added-value compounds such as methyl acetate.展开更多
In Lima(the capital of Peru),archaeological sites are constantly being threatened by accelerated urban expansion.This study examines Independencia(a district in northern Lima),where 95%of archaeological areas have bee...In Lima(the capital of Peru),archaeological sites are constantly being threatened by accelerated urban expansion.This study examines Independencia(a district in northern Lima),where 95%of archaeological areas have been encroached upon due to inadequate planning and conservation policies.Focusing on four key archaeological sites(Cerro La Cruz,Cerro San Jerónimo,Pampa de Cueva,and San Jerónimo),this study employed a comprehensive pathological analysis to assess the extent and causes of deterioration.Data were gathered through field observation sheets based on the Ministry of Culture’s Conservation Guide,alongside historical photographs,aerial imagery,and urban mapping.The results indicate that human agents(27.1%)are the primary drivers of damage,supplemented by fortuitous(4.07%)and biological(2.89%)agents.The pronounced deterioration,particularly from human agents,underscores the urgent need for a holistic conservation strategy that integrates community participation with technical heritage management,ensuring that Lima’s pre-Hispanic legacy is preserved amidst ongoing urban pressure.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of primary liver cancer,the sixth most common cancer worldwide,and the third leading cause of cancer-related death.Cirrhosis is the predominant risk factor for HCC,...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of primary liver cancer,the sixth most common cancer worldwide,and the third leading cause of cancer-related death.Cirrhosis is the predominant risk factor for HCC,driven by major etiologies including hepatitis B and C,excessive alcohol consumption,and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).While approximately 80%of HCC cases occur in patients with cirrhosis,its incidence among individuals without cirrhosis has significantly increased,particularly in developed countries,driven by the rising prevalence of MASLD.The prevalence of patients with non-cirrhotic HCC varies geographically,yet data on this subgroup remain limited.Consequently,screening and clinical management guidelines for patients with non-cirrhotic HCC are underdeveloped.Current surveillance is typically not recommended for non-cirrhotic populations,except for individuals with hepatitis B,and diagnostic criteria like Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System are designed explicitly for cirrhotic or hepatitis B-associated HCC.Furthermore,treatment strategies for non-cirrhotic HCC are often extrapolated from studies focused on patients with cirrhosis,leading to gaps in knowledge regarding treatment efficacy,survival outcomes,and etiological variability in noncirrhotic cohorts.Thus,emerging evidence must be reviewed to guide the development of enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with non-cirrhotic HCC.To address these gaps,we comprehensively reviewed the epidemiology,clinical and genetic characteristics,diagnostic modalities,and therapeutic approaches for patients with non-cirrhotic HCC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Well-differentiated rectal neuroendocrine tumors(rNETs)represent approximately 28%of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors,with a rising incidence over recent decades.However,data from Perúremains lim...BACKGROUND Well-differentiated rectal neuroendocrine tumors(rNETs)represent approximately 28%of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors,with a rising incidence over recent decades.However,data from Perúremains limited.AIM To assess overall survival(OS)in patients with rNETs and describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of the study population.METHODS This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with rNETs at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas between 2009 and 2024.Qualitative variables were evaluated using theχ^(2)test through contingency tables.OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and differences between groups were assessed with the log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate variables associated with OS.All statistical analyses were conducted using R software.RESULTS A total of 52 patients were included,with a mean age of 51.9 years(range:27-74 years)and composed of 65.4%females.The most common stage at diagnosis was stage I(48.1%),followed by stage IV(36.5%).The median OS within the study population was 76 months.The 5-year OS for grade 1 tumors was 92.9%compared to 32.6%for grade 2 tumors(P=0.00032).The median OS was 48 months for tumors exceeding 20 mm in size,whereas it was not reached for tumors measuring 20 mm or less(P=0.0056).Similarly,the median OS for patients classified as lymph node involvement 1 was 46 months,while it was estimated at 112 months for those classified as lymph node involvement 0(P=0.0063).CONCLUSION rNETs exceeding 2 cm in size,classified as grade 2,or presenting with lymph node involvement 1 status were correlated with advanced disease stages and diminished survival outcomes.展开更多
This article presents the optical evaluation of the vibrational behavior of a steel bar,by a non-conventional optoacoustic procedure,the LPD(laser photo deflection)method.On this occasion the bar is located horizontal...This article presents the optical evaluation of the vibrational behavior of a steel bar,by a non-conventional optoacoustic procedure,the LPD(laser photo deflection)method.On this occasion the bar is located horizontal and fixed at both ends.Through our procedure we experimentally find the first 9 Eigen frequencies(21 Hz,60 Hz,116 Hz...)and correlate them using the cantilever theory.展开更多
Obesity is a major driver of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and its progressive form,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH).As the global prevalence of obesity continues...Obesity is a major driver of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and its progressive form,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH).As the global prevalence of obesity continues to rise,the burden of MASLD/MASH is increasing,posing significant challenges to healthcare systems.The use of anti-obesity medications(AOMs)in this population is complex due to altered hepatic metabolism,safety concerns,and potential hepatotoxicity.Recent advances in pharmacologic agents,such as glucagon-like peptide1(GLP-1)receptor agonists(GLP-1 RAs),dual GLP-1/glucose-gastric inhibitory polypeptide(GIP)agonists,and triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonists,have shown promising metabolic effects in the general population.Among these,GLP-1 RAs(e.g.,liraglutide and semaglutide)consistently demonstrate hepatic benefits,including reductions in hepatic steatosis,improvements in liver enzyme profiles,and attenuation of fibrosis progression.Tirzepatide,a dual GLP-1/GIP agonist,has shown superior weight loss effects compared to GLP-1 receptor agonist monotherapy,with emerging but still limited data on hepatic outcomes in MASLD/MASH.Retatrutide,a triple agonist,has produced the most pronounced metabolic effects to date,although its impact on liver histology remains underexplored.Other AOMs,such as bupropion-naltrexone and phentermine-topiramate,require cautious use due to potential hepatotoxicity.Importantly,advanced MASLD may alter drug pharmacokinetics,underscoring the need for individualized therapy and close monitoring.This review provides an updated synthesis of the efficacy and safety of current and emerging AOMs in patients with MASLD/MASH and highlights the urgent need for further research to define optimal pharmacological strategies in this high-risk population.展开更多
BACKGROUND The location of gastric neoplasms can influence the level of technical difficulty and performance of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).There are few studies that analyze the influence of tumor location ...BACKGROUND The location of gastric neoplasms can influence the level of technical difficulty and performance of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).There are few studies that analyze the influence of tumor location in the stomach on ESD outcomes.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of ESD in the proximal vs distal stomach.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients admitted in chronological order who received gastric ESD between 2009 and 2024.Patients were stratified into two groups based on tumor location:Group 1 included patients with tumors in the lower third of the stomach,while Group 2 included those with tumors in the middle or upper third.The following parameters were evaluated for each group:procedure duration,curative resection rate,en bloc resection rate,complete resection rate,incidence of complications,and depth of neoplastic invasion.RESULTS The mean procedure time was 97.07 minutes for lesions located in the distal stomach and 129.08 minutes for those in the proximal stomach(P=0.0011).En bloc resection rates for ESD in the distal and proximal stomach were 97.9%and 85.7%,respectively(P=0.0016),while complete resection rates were 93.9%and 73.4%,respectively(P=0.0002).Curative resection was achieved in 90.9%of distal lesions compared to 65.3%of proximal lesions(P=0.0001).Submucosal invasion was identified in 4.0%of distal lesions and 14.2%of proximal lesions(P=0.013).CONCLUSION ESD performed in the proximal stomach requires a longer procedural time compared to ESD in the distal stomach,independent of lesion size and histopathological characteristics.Additionally,proximal gastric ESD is associated with reduced clinical efficacy and increased incidence of submucosal invasion.展开更多
Endocrine disorders are increasingly recognized as potentially reversible causes of secondary cardiomyopathies,yet they often remain underdiagnosed in clinical practice.These conditions-including thyroid dysfunction,a...Endocrine disorders are increasingly recognized as potentially reversible causes of secondary cardiomyopathies,yet they often remain underdiagnosed in clinical practice.These conditions-including thyroid dysfunction,acromegaly,pheochromocytoma,diabetes mellitus,adrenal disorders,among others-can significantly alter cardiac structure and function through hormonal excess,metabolic remodeling,and neurohumoral activation.Hyperthyroidism may lead to high-output heart failure(HF)and atrial fibrillation,while hypothyroidism is associated with diastolic dysfunction,pericardial effusion,and accelerated atherosclerosis.Acromegaly promotes biventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis via insulin-like growth factor 1 overproduction.Pheochromocytoma triggers catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy,resembling Takotsubo syndrome and carrying a high risk of mortality if left untreated.Diabetes induces a distinct phenotype of cardiomyopathy,affecting both systolic and diastolic function through microvascular injury and oxidative stress.Recognizing these endocrine etiologies is crucial,as targeted hormonal therapies-such as antithyroid agents,somatostatin analogs,or adrenalectomy-can reverse or significantly mitigate cardiac dysfunction.Comprehensive endocrine screening in patients with unexplained cardiomyopathy is therefore essential.This review synthesizes current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms,clinical manifestations,and therapeutic strategies for endocrine cardiomyopathies and proposes a diagnostic algorithm for early recognition.Emerging biomarkers,such as galectin-3 in diabetic heart disease,may further enhance diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification.The interplay between endocrine and cardiovascular systems offers a unique opportunity for early intervention,potentially preventing progression to irreversible HF.展开更多
The bowel preparation is a crucial step to achieve an optimal quality in colonoscopy.The major clinical impact of an adequate colonic cleansing is to allow a more detailed and thorough inspection reducing the rates of...The bowel preparation is a crucial step to achieve an optimal quality in colonoscopy.The major clinical impact of an adequate colonic cleansing is to allow a more detailed and thorough inspection reducing the rates of missing lesions during the procedure and consequently reducing the incidence of interval colorectal carcinomas.Currently there are different colonoscopic preparation schemes,being the polyethylene glycol(PEG)based regimen one of the most used and recommended by the main international clinical guidelines.Nevertheless,PEG preparation requires the ingestion of considerably large volumes to achieve an optimal colonic cleansing,leading to poor tolerability in may patients,particularly in an elderly population.Other aspects that make accessibility to most colonoscopy preparation regimens difficult is their high cost and low availability.New options of colonoscopic preparation schemes based on oral lactulose are emerging with promising results,showing excellent efficacy-safety profiles and high tolerability indexes.Lactulose regimens present other benefits such as low cost and wide availability.The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific evidence to date and the current status of colonoscopy bowel preparation utilizing lactulose-based regimens,in order to consolidate this agent as a feasible“new player”in the field of colonoscopic preparation.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a metabolic disorder marked by chronic hyperglycemia and low-grade inflammation,contributing to various complications.Natural agents with immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties ha...Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a metabolic disorder marked by chronic hyperglycemia and low-grade inflammation,contributing to various complications.Natural agents with immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties have gained attention as adjunct therapies.To review the effects of Allium sativum on inflammatory pathways and metabolic alterations associated with T2DM.A narrative review was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Scielo databases.The search included terms such as“allium sativum”,“inflammation",“oxidative stress”,and“diabetes mellitus”.Studies in English and Spanish-ranging from clinical trials to meta-analyses-were selected based on relevance.Bioactive compounds such as allicin,S-allyl cysteine,and diallyl disulfide exhibit anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,hypoglycemic,and lipid-lowering actions.Preclinical studies show improved glucose metabolism,insulin sensitivity,and organ function.Moreover,clinical evidence supports reductions in fasting glucose,hemoglobin A1c,blood pressure,and oxidative stress,with good safety profiles.Allium sativum appears to be a promising adjuvant in T2DM management,offering metabolic and anti-inflammatory benefits.Nonetheless,further high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm its long-term efficacy and standardize its therapeutic use.展开更多
Angiosperms experienced one of the most remarkable radiations of land plants and are now the dominant autotrophs in terrestrial ecosystems.Recent phylogenomic studies based on large-scale data from plastid,mitochondri...Angiosperms experienced one of the most remarkable radiations of land plants and are now the dominant autotrophs in terrestrial ecosystems.Recent phylogenomic studies based on large-scale data from plastid,mitochondrial,or nuclear transcriptomes/genomes and increased taxon sampling have provided unprecedent resolution into the phylogeny of flowering plants.However,owing to ancient rapid radiations,the interrelationships among the five lineages of Mesangiospermae,the vast majority of angiosperms,remain contentious.Here we show that,although plastid and mitochondrial genomes lack sufficient phylogenetic signal for resolving deeper phylogeny,the relationships among five mesangiosperm lineages can be confidently resolved under better-fitting models using genome-scale data.According to our Bayesian cross-validation and model test in a maximum likelihood framework,siteheterogeneous models(e.g.,CAT-GTR+G4,LG+C20+F+G)outperform site-homogeneous or partition models often used in previous studies.Under site-heterogeneous models,the approximately unbiased test favored our preferred tree recovered from various datasets:Ceratophyllales(coontails)are robustly recovered as sister to monocots,and they together are sister to the clade comprising magnoliids,Chloranthales,and eudicots.Our phylogenomic analyses resolve the last enigma of the deeper phylogeny of angiosperms and emphasize the efficacy of modeling compositional heterogeneity in resolving rapid radiations of plants.展开更多
Different habitat types exert particular challenges to ecological performance,ultimately having a strong influence on the evolution of morphology.Although it is well known that external morphology can evolve under the...Different habitat types exert particular challenges to ecological performance,ultimately having a strong influence on the evolution of morphology.Although it is well known that external morphology can evolve under the selective pressure of habitat structure,the evolutionary response of internal morphological traits remains vastly unexplored.Here,we test for morphological divergence between arenicolous and nonarenicolous species in a clade of tropidurid lizards,considering external morphological proportions and limb muscle dimensions.We found that arenicolous species seem to have evolved internal and external morphological adaptations that separate them from other habitat specialists.Moreover,comparative analyses suggested that the traits that differed the most between arenicolous and nonarenicolous lizards might have evolved divergently towards different optima.Additionally,the axis of higher morphological divergence between arenicolous and nonarenicolous species represented an important proportion of the morphological diversity within our sample,indicating that the hypothetical adaptive divergence of internal and external traits has contributed significantly to phenotypic diversity.Our results show that evolutionary associations between morphology and habitat use can be detected on both external body proportions and muscle morphology.Moreover,they highlight the emergent importance of internal anatomical traits in ecomorphological studies,especially when such traits are directly involved in determining functional performance.展开更多
Self-Explaining Autonomous Systems(SEAS)have emerged as a strategic frontier within Artificial Intelligence(AI),responding to growing demands for transparency and interpretability in autonomous decisionmaking.This stu...Self-Explaining Autonomous Systems(SEAS)have emerged as a strategic frontier within Artificial Intelligence(AI),responding to growing demands for transparency and interpretability in autonomous decisionmaking.This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of SEAS research published between 2020 and February 2025,drawing upon 1380 documents indexed in Scopus.The analysis applies co-citation mapping,keyword co-occurrence,and author collaboration networks using VOSviewer,MASHA,and Python to examine scientific production,intellectual structure,and global collaboration patterns.The results indicate a sustained annual growth rate of 41.38%,with an h-index of 57 and an average of 21.97 citations per document.A normalized citation rate was computed to address temporal bias,enabling balanced evaluation across publication cohorts.Thematic analysis reveals four consolidated research fronts:interpretability in machine learning,explainability in deep neural networks,transparency in generative models,and optimization strategies in autonomous control.Author co-citation analysis identifies four distinct research communities,and keyword evolution shows growing interdisciplinary links with medicine,cybersecurity,and industrial automation.The United States leads in scientific output and citation impact at the geographical level,while countries like India and China show high productivity with varied influence.However,international collaboration remains limited at 7.39%,reflecting a fragmented research landscape.As discussed in this study,SEAS research is expanding rapidly yet remains epistemologically dispersed,with uneven integration of ethical and human-centered perspectives.This work offers a structured and data-driven perspective on SEAS development,highlights key contributors and thematic trends,and outlines critical directions for advancing responsible and transparent autonomous systems.展开更多
This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicl...This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).As UAVs increasingly contribute to diverse fields,from surveillance to delivery,FANETs have emerged as essential in ensuring stable,dynamic communication channels among drones in flight.This research adopts a dual approach,combining rigorous theoretical analysis with detailed practical simulations to assess the performance,adaptability,and efficiency of FANETs in varying conditions.The findings emphasize the ability of FANETs to manage network congestion effectively in densely populated areas,a critical feature for maintaining reliable communications in complex scenarios.Moreover,FANETs demonstrate high potential to support critical applications,such as emergency response,disaster management,and public safety operations,where quick and coordinated action is paramount.The study also underscores the importance of establishing a hierarchical structure among nodes within the network,which allows for more efficient data exchange and helps optimize the overall network performance.Through this work,significant insights are offered into the design principles that can enhance UAV communication networks,providing a foundation for the development of more resilient,scalable,and efficient technological solutions.These advancements could accelerate the deployment of UAVs across a variety of sectors,including logistics,agriculture,environmental monitoring,and more.As such,this study not only contributes to the field of ad hoc networking but also holds potential for transformative impacts across industries where UAVs play an increasingly central role,promoting greater integration and operational success.展开更多
This study highlights the regulatory potential antibacterial and antiradical of Origanum elongatum essential oil(EO),an endemic medicinal plant of Morocco used for its various properties.The chemical composition of th...This study highlights the regulatory potential antibacterial and antiradical of Origanum elongatum essential oil(EO),an endemic medicinal plant of Morocco used for its various properties.The chemical composition of the EO was characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The antibacterial activity against different agricultural phytopathogens was determined by disc diffusion and microatmosphere methods,as well as by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC),while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assays.To complement the experimental analyses,a molecular docking approach was used to predict and elucidate the mechanisms of action of the identified bioactive com-pounds,both for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties.The GC-MS analysis revealed a chemical composition dominated by the major compounds:p-cymene-2-ol(25.31%),thymol(23.88%),andγ-terpinene(19.26%).Furthermore,antibacterial analyses performed using different methodological approaches(disc diffusion,microatmosphere,MIC,and MBC)showed significant inhibitory activity against all phytopathogens tested.Moreover,O.elongatum EO exhibited interesting antioxidant ability with an IC_(50) value of 168.251.14μg/mL for DPPH assay and EC_(50) value±of 164.221.04μg/mL for FRAP assay.Furthermore,in silico molecular docking demonstrated further insights into±the interactions between the oil’s active components and bacterial targets,supporting its mode of action.This in-depth characterization highlights the potential of O.elongatum EO as a natural alternative for the biocontrol of plant pathogens.It opens new perspectives for developing natural solutions to protect crops against plant diseases.展开更多
Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biologi...Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biological activities and phytochemical constituents of extracts derived from its leaves and seed cones,the present study systematically investigates their mineral and phenolic profiles alongside their multifunctional bioactive potential.Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)analysis revealed a substantial abundance of essential macro-and microelements.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)further identified high concentrations of phenolic acids(e.g.,p-coumaric acid)and flavonoids(e.g.,rutin and quercetin).The extracts exhibited potent radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),robust antioxidant capacity against hydrogen peroxide,and significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(XO)activity.Notably,both extracts demonstrated marked antibacterial efficacy.In silico molecular docking studies suggested that the antimicrobial activity may stem from the phenolic constituents,which exhibited favorable binding affinities to the active site of bacterial target proteins.These findings underscore J.oxycedrus as a promising reservoir of bioactive natural compounds,warranting further exploration for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications.展开更多
The Kunene Complex(KC)represents a very large Mesoproterozoic igneous body,mainly composed of anorthosites and gabbroic rocks that extends from SW Angola to NW Namibia(outcropping 18,000 km^(2),NE-SW trend,and ca.350 ...The Kunene Complex(KC)represents a very large Mesoproterozoic igneous body,mainly composed of anorthosites and gabbroic rocks that extends from SW Angola to NW Namibia(outcropping 18,000 km^(2),NE-SW trend,and ca.350 km long and up to 50 km wide).Little is known about its structure at depth.Here,we use recently acquired aerogeophysical data to accurately determine its hidden extent and to unravel its morphology at depth.These data have been interpreted and modelled to investigate the unexposed KC boundaries,reconstructing the upper crustal structure(between 0 and 15 km depth)overlain by the thin sedimentary cover of the Kalahari Basin.The modelling reveals that the KC was emplaced in the upper crust and extends in depth up to ca.5 km,showing a lobular geometry and following a large NE-SW to NNE-SSW linear trend,presumably inherited from older Paleoproterozoic structures.The lateral continuation of the KC to the east(between 50 and 125 km)beneath the Kalahari Cenozoic sediments suggests an overall size three times the outcropping dimension(about 53,500 km^(2)).This affirmation clearly reinforces the economic potential of this massif,related to the prospecting of raw materials and certain types of economic mineralization(Fe-Ti oxides,metallic sulphides or platinum group minerals).Up to 11 lobes have been isolated with dimensions ranging from 135.5 to 37.3 km in length and 81.9 to 20.7 km in width according to remanent bodies revealed by TMI mapping.A total volume of 65,184 km3 was calculated only for the magnetically remanent bodies of the KC.A long-lasting complex contractional regime,where large strike-slip fault systems were involved,occurred in three kinematic pulses potentially related to a change of velocity or convergence angle acting on previous Paleoproterozoic inherited sutures.The coalescent magmatic pulses can be recognized by means of magnetic anomalies,age of the bodies as well as the lineations inferred in this work:(i)Emplacement of the eastern mafic bodies and granites in a stage of significant lateral extension in a transtensional context between 1500 Ma and 1420 Ma;(ii)Migration of the mantle derived magmas westwards with deformation in a complex contractional setting with shearing structures involving western KC bodies and basement from 1415 Ma to 1340 Ma;(iii)NNW-SSE extensional structures are relocated westwards,involving mantle magmas,negative flower structures and depression that led to the formation of late Mesoproterozoic basins from 1325 Ma to 1170 Ma.Additionally,we detect several first and second order structures to place the structuring of the KC in a craton-scale context in relation to the crustal structures detected in NW Namibia.展开更多
文摘Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Methods This was an ambispective cohort study. A total of 85 older adults participating in the Chronic Heart Failure Program at Guillermo Almenara National Hospital were included. Each had an initial frailty assessment, forming two cohorts: frail and non-frail older adults. Medical records were reviewed, and patients were followed for one year to track events of interest(hospitalization and mortality). Overall survival and risk factors for hospitalization and death were determined.Results During follow-up, 15.3% of the older adults died, and frailty was identified in 58.8% of the patients. Overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method was 96.5% at 3 months after entering the Chronic Heart Failure Program;92.9% at 6 months;and85.9% at one year. Multivariate analysis using Poisson regression found that frailty was not a risk factor for hospitalization(a RR =0.92;95% CI: 0.42–2.03). Survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that frailty was also not a risk factor for mortality after one year of follow-up(a HR = 1.32;95% CI: 0.27–6.53).Conclusions Our research does not confirm frailty as a risk factor for hospitalization or mortality in older adults enrolled in the“Chronic Heart Failure Program” after one year of follow-up.
文摘Physician well-being is vital to delivering high-quality emergency care.A supported and healthy emergency medicine workforce leads to better patient outcomes,fewer medical errors,and greater job satisfaction and staff retention.[1,2]Emergency physicians(EPs)face unique pressures,including shift work,high patient volumes and acuities,overcrowding,and systemic inefficiencies that escalate their risk of burnout.As a result,EPs have reported the highest rates of burnout among physician specialties.
基金funding support from the INCT-DATREM:FAPESP:2014/50945-4,CNPq|:465571/2014-0,and Capes:88887136426/2017/10Programa Nacional de Investigación Científica y Estudios Avanzados(PROCIENCIA)with grant number 237-2015-FONDECYT+2 种基金We thank the support from Vicerrectorado de Investigación(VRI-UNI).Serrapilheira Institute[Grant number Serra–2211-41925]São Paulo Research Foundation,FAPESP[Grant number#2023/10027-5][Grant numbers#406156/2022-0,180111/2023-0]。
文摘The use of Cu_(2)O-based photocathodes has demonstrated the promising activity of these earth-abundant materials for the photoelectrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),particularly in producing methanol.However,their application in long-term devices is hindered by severe photocorrosion.To address this limitation,photocathode designs incorporating Schottky barriers,heterojunctions,and scaffolding layers have been explored.In this work,a CuBi_(2)O_(4)/CuO thin layer was employed as a scaffold to support Cu_(2)O films with either seeded or grown morphologies for enhanced photoelectrochemical CO_(2)RR.Photoelectrochemical testing in CO_(2)-saturated electrolyte revealed that 0.55 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)yielded the highest activity and stability for methanol(CH_(3)OH)production,outperforming more negative potentials.Furthermore,the present work highlighted that electrolyte engineering can be used to promote the generation of alternative products such as methyl acetate(CH_(3)COOCH_(3)).The presence of CuBi_(2)O_(4)/CuO scaffold was critical for allowing this pathway,providing both enhanced stability and improved charge transfer on the Cu_(2)O surface.The generation of CH_(3)COOCH_(3)is attributed to locally modified microenvironments that facilitate the esterification reaction when acetate is present in solution.These findings highlight the role of scaffold engineering in improving photocathode performance and electrolyte tuning in steering product selectivity toward scarcely explored,added-value compounds such as methyl acetate.
文摘In Lima(the capital of Peru),archaeological sites are constantly being threatened by accelerated urban expansion.This study examines Independencia(a district in northern Lima),where 95%of archaeological areas have been encroached upon due to inadequate planning and conservation policies.Focusing on four key archaeological sites(Cerro La Cruz,Cerro San Jerónimo,Pampa de Cueva,and San Jerónimo),this study employed a comprehensive pathological analysis to assess the extent and causes of deterioration.Data were gathered through field observation sheets based on the Ministry of Culture’s Conservation Guide,alongside historical photographs,aerial imagery,and urban mapping.The results indicate that human agents(27.1%)are the primary drivers of damage,supplemented by fortuitous(4.07%)and biological(2.89%)agents.The pronounced deterioration,particularly from human agents,underscores the urgent need for a holistic conservation strategy that integrates community participation with technical heritage management,ensuring that Lima’s pre-Hispanic legacy is preserved amidst ongoing urban pressure.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of primary liver cancer,the sixth most common cancer worldwide,and the third leading cause of cancer-related death.Cirrhosis is the predominant risk factor for HCC,driven by major etiologies including hepatitis B and C,excessive alcohol consumption,and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).While approximately 80%of HCC cases occur in patients with cirrhosis,its incidence among individuals without cirrhosis has significantly increased,particularly in developed countries,driven by the rising prevalence of MASLD.The prevalence of patients with non-cirrhotic HCC varies geographically,yet data on this subgroup remain limited.Consequently,screening and clinical management guidelines for patients with non-cirrhotic HCC are underdeveloped.Current surveillance is typically not recommended for non-cirrhotic populations,except for individuals with hepatitis B,and diagnostic criteria like Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System are designed explicitly for cirrhotic or hepatitis B-associated HCC.Furthermore,treatment strategies for non-cirrhotic HCC are often extrapolated from studies focused on patients with cirrhosis,leading to gaps in knowledge regarding treatment efficacy,survival outcomes,and etiological variability in noncirrhotic cohorts.Thus,emerging evidence must be reviewed to guide the development of enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with non-cirrhotic HCC.To address these gaps,we comprehensively reviewed the epidemiology,clinical and genetic characteristics,diagnostic modalities,and therapeutic approaches for patients with non-cirrhotic HCC.
文摘BACKGROUND Well-differentiated rectal neuroendocrine tumors(rNETs)represent approximately 28%of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors,with a rising incidence over recent decades.However,data from Perúremains limited.AIM To assess overall survival(OS)in patients with rNETs and describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of the study population.METHODS This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with rNETs at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas between 2009 and 2024.Qualitative variables were evaluated using theχ^(2)test through contingency tables.OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and differences between groups were assessed with the log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate variables associated with OS.All statistical analyses were conducted using R software.RESULTS A total of 52 patients were included,with a mean age of 51.9 years(range:27-74 years)and composed of 65.4%females.The most common stage at diagnosis was stage I(48.1%),followed by stage IV(36.5%).The median OS within the study population was 76 months.The 5-year OS for grade 1 tumors was 92.9%compared to 32.6%for grade 2 tumors(P=0.00032).The median OS was 48 months for tumors exceeding 20 mm in size,whereas it was not reached for tumors measuring 20 mm or less(P=0.0056).Similarly,the median OS for patients classified as lymph node involvement 1 was 46 months,while it was estimated at 112 months for those classified as lymph node involvement 0(P=0.0063).CONCLUSION rNETs exceeding 2 cm in size,classified as grade 2,or presenting with lymph node involvement 1 status were correlated with advanced disease stages and diminished survival outcomes.
文摘This article presents the optical evaluation of the vibrational behavior of a steel bar,by a non-conventional optoacoustic procedure,the LPD(laser photo deflection)method.On this occasion the bar is located horizontal and fixed at both ends.Through our procedure we experimentally find the first 9 Eigen frequencies(21 Hz,60 Hz,116 Hz...)and correlate them using the cantilever theory.
文摘Obesity is a major driver of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and its progressive form,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH).As the global prevalence of obesity continues to rise,the burden of MASLD/MASH is increasing,posing significant challenges to healthcare systems.The use of anti-obesity medications(AOMs)in this population is complex due to altered hepatic metabolism,safety concerns,and potential hepatotoxicity.Recent advances in pharmacologic agents,such as glucagon-like peptide1(GLP-1)receptor agonists(GLP-1 RAs),dual GLP-1/glucose-gastric inhibitory polypeptide(GIP)agonists,and triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonists,have shown promising metabolic effects in the general population.Among these,GLP-1 RAs(e.g.,liraglutide and semaglutide)consistently demonstrate hepatic benefits,including reductions in hepatic steatosis,improvements in liver enzyme profiles,and attenuation of fibrosis progression.Tirzepatide,a dual GLP-1/GIP agonist,has shown superior weight loss effects compared to GLP-1 receptor agonist monotherapy,with emerging but still limited data on hepatic outcomes in MASLD/MASH.Retatrutide,a triple agonist,has produced the most pronounced metabolic effects to date,although its impact on liver histology remains underexplored.Other AOMs,such as bupropion-naltrexone and phentermine-topiramate,require cautious use due to potential hepatotoxicity.Importantly,advanced MASLD may alter drug pharmacokinetics,underscoring the need for individualized therapy and close monitoring.This review provides an updated synthesis of the efficacy and safety of current and emerging AOMs in patients with MASLD/MASH and highlights the urgent need for further research to define optimal pharmacological strategies in this high-risk population.
文摘BACKGROUND The location of gastric neoplasms can influence the level of technical difficulty and performance of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).There are few studies that analyze the influence of tumor location in the stomach on ESD outcomes.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of ESD in the proximal vs distal stomach.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients admitted in chronological order who received gastric ESD between 2009 and 2024.Patients were stratified into two groups based on tumor location:Group 1 included patients with tumors in the lower third of the stomach,while Group 2 included those with tumors in the middle or upper third.The following parameters were evaluated for each group:procedure duration,curative resection rate,en bloc resection rate,complete resection rate,incidence of complications,and depth of neoplastic invasion.RESULTS The mean procedure time was 97.07 minutes for lesions located in the distal stomach and 129.08 minutes for those in the proximal stomach(P=0.0011).En bloc resection rates for ESD in the distal and proximal stomach were 97.9%and 85.7%,respectively(P=0.0016),while complete resection rates were 93.9%and 73.4%,respectively(P=0.0002).Curative resection was achieved in 90.9%of distal lesions compared to 65.3%of proximal lesions(P=0.0001).Submucosal invasion was identified in 4.0%of distal lesions and 14.2%of proximal lesions(P=0.013).CONCLUSION ESD performed in the proximal stomach requires a longer procedural time compared to ESD in the distal stomach,independent of lesion size and histopathological characteristics.Additionally,proximal gastric ESD is associated with reduced clinical efficacy and increased incidence of submucosal invasion.
文摘Endocrine disorders are increasingly recognized as potentially reversible causes of secondary cardiomyopathies,yet they often remain underdiagnosed in clinical practice.These conditions-including thyroid dysfunction,acromegaly,pheochromocytoma,diabetes mellitus,adrenal disorders,among others-can significantly alter cardiac structure and function through hormonal excess,metabolic remodeling,and neurohumoral activation.Hyperthyroidism may lead to high-output heart failure(HF)and atrial fibrillation,while hypothyroidism is associated with diastolic dysfunction,pericardial effusion,and accelerated atherosclerosis.Acromegaly promotes biventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis via insulin-like growth factor 1 overproduction.Pheochromocytoma triggers catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy,resembling Takotsubo syndrome and carrying a high risk of mortality if left untreated.Diabetes induces a distinct phenotype of cardiomyopathy,affecting both systolic and diastolic function through microvascular injury and oxidative stress.Recognizing these endocrine etiologies is crucial,as targeted hormonal therapies-such as antithyroid agents,somatostatin analogs,or adrenalectomy-can reverse or significantly mitigate cardiac dysfunction.Comprehensive endocrine screening in patients with unexplained cardiomyopathy is therefore essential.This review synthesizes current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms,clinical manifestations,and therapeutic strategies for endocrine cardiomyopathies and proposes a diagnostic algorithm for early recognition.Emerging biomarkers,such as galectin-3 in diabetic heart disease,may further enhance diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification.The interplay between endocrine and cardiovascular systems offers a unique opportunity for early intervention,potentially preventing progression to irreversible HF.
文摘The bowel preparation is a crucial step to achieve an optimal quality in colonoscopy.The major clinical impact of an adequate colonic cleansing is to allow a more detailed and thorough inspection reducing the rates of missing lesions during the procedure and consequently reducing the incidence of interval colorectal carcinomas.Currently there are different colonoscopic preparation schemes,being the polyethylene glycol(PEG)based regimen one of the most used and recommended by the main international clinical guidelines.Nevertheless,PEG preparation requires the ingestion of considerably large volumes to achieve an optimal colonic cleansing,leading to poor tolerability in may patients,particularly in an elderly population.Other aspects that make accessibility to most colonoscopy preparation regimens difficult is their high cost and low availability.New options of colonoscopic preparation schemes based on oral lactulose are emerging with promising results,showing excellent efficacy-safety profiles and high tolerability indexes.Lactulose regimens present other benefits such as low cost and wide availability.The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific evidence to date and the current status of colonoscopy bowel preparation utilizing lactulose-based regimens,in order to consolidate this agent as a feasible“new player”in the field of colonoscopic preparation.
文摘Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a metabolic disorder marked by chronic hyperglycemia and low-grade inflammation,contributing to various complications.Natural agents with immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties have gained attention as adjunct therapies.To review the effects of Allium sativum on inflammatory pathways and metabolic alterations associated with T2DM.A narrative review was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Scielo databases.The search included terms such as“allium sativum”,“inflammation",“oxidative stress”,and“diabetes mellitus”.Studies in English and Spanish-ranging from clinical trials to meta-analyses-were selected based on relevance.Bioactive compounds such as allicin,S-allyl cysteine,and diallyl disulfide exhibit anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,hypoglycemic,and lipid-lowering actions.Preclinical studies show improved glucose metabolism,insulin sensitivity,and organ function.Moreover,clinical evidence supports reductions in fasting glucose,hemoglobin A1c,blood pressure,and oxidative stress,with good safety profiles.Allium sativum appears to be a promising adjuvant in T2DM management,offering metabolic and anti-inflammatory benefits.Nonetheless,further high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm its long-term efficacy and standardize its therapeutic use.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42222201,42288201)。
文摘Angiosperms experienced one of the most remarkable radiations of land plants and are now the dominant autotrophs in terrestrial ecosystems.Recent phylogenomic studies based on large-scale data from plastid,mitochondrial,or nuclear transcriptomes/genomes and increased taxon sampling have provided unprecedent resolution into the phylogeny of flowering plants.However,owing to ancient rapid radiations,the interrelationships among the five lineages of Mesangiospermae,the vast majority of angiosperms,remain contentious.Here we show that,although plastid and mitochondrial genomes lack sufficient phylogenetic signal for resolving deeper phylogeny,the relationships among five mesangiosperm lineages can be confidently resolved under better-fitting models using genome-scale data.According to our Bayesian cross-validation and model test in a maximum likelihood framework,siteheterogeneous models(e.g.,CAT-GTR+G4,LG+C20+F+G)outperform site-homogeneous or partition models often used in previous studies.Under site-heterogeneous models,the approximately unbiased test favored our preferred tree recovered from various datasets:Ceratophyllales(coontails)are robustly recovered as sister to monocots,and they together are sister to the clade comprising magnoliids,Chloranthales,and eudicots.Our phylogenomic analyses resolve the last enigma of the deeper phylogeny of angiosperms and emphasize the efficacy of modeling compositional heterogeneity in resolving rapid radiations of plants.
文摘Different habitat types exert particular challenges to ecological performance,ultimately having a strong influence on the evolution of morphology.Although it is well known that external morphology can evolve under the selective pressure of habitat structure,the evolutionary response of internal morphological traits remains vastly unexplored.Here,we test for morphological divergence between arenicolous and nonarenicolous species in a clade of tropidurid lizards,considering external morphological proportions and limb muscle dimensions.We found that arenicolous species seem to have evolved internal and external morphological adaptations that separate them from other habitat specialists.Moreover,comparative analyses suggested that the traits that differed the most between arenicolous and nonarenicolous lizards might have evolved divergently towards different optima.Additionally,the axis of higher morphological divergence between arenicolous and nonarenicolous species represented an important proportion of the morphological diversity within our sample,indicating that the hypothetical adaptive divergence of internal and external traits has contributed significantly to phenotypic diversity.Our results show that evolutionary associations between morphology and habitat use can be detected on both external body proportions and muscle morphology.Moreover,they highlight the emergent importance of internal anatomical traits in ecomorphological studies,especially when such traits are directly involved in determining functional performance.
基金partially funded by the Programa Nacional de Becas y Crédito Educativo of Peru and the Universitat de València,Spain.
文摘Self-Explaining Autonomous Systems(SEAS)have emerged as a strategic frontier within Artificial Intelligence(AI),responding to growing demands for transparency and interpretability in autonomous decisionmaking.This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of SEAS research published between 2020 and February 2025,drawing upon 1380 documents indexed in Scopus.The analysis applies co-citation mapping,keyword co-occurrence,and author collaboration networks using VOSviewer,MASHA,and Python to examine scientific production,intellectual structure,and global collaboration patterns.The results indicate a sustained annual growth rate of 41.38%,with an h-index of 57 and an average of 21.97 citations per document.A normalized citation rate was computed to address temporal bias,enabling balanced evaluation across publication cohorts.Thematic analysis reveals four consolidated research fronts:interpretability in machine learning,explainability in deep neural networks,transparency in generative models,and optimization strategies in autonomous control.Author co-citation analysis identifies four distinct research communities,and keyword evolution shows growing interdisciplinary links with medicine,cybersecurity,and industrial automation.The United States leads in scientific output and citation impact at the geographical level,while countries like India and China show high productivity with varied influence.However,international collaboration remains limited at 7.39%,reflecting a fragmented research landscape.As discussed in this study,SEAS research is expanding rapidly yet remains epistemologically dispersed,with uneven integration of ethical and human-centered perspectives.This work offers a structured and data-driven perspective on SEAS development,highlights key contributors and thematic trends,and outlines critical directions for advancing responsible and transparent autonomous systems.
基金funded by Direccion General de Investigaciones of Universidad Santiago de Cali under call No.01-2024.
文摘This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).As UAVs increasingly contribute to diverse fields,from surveillance to delivery,FANETs have emerged as essential in ensuring stable,dynamic communication channels among drones in flight.This research adopts a dual approach,combining rigorous theoretical analysis with detailed practical simulations to assess the performance,adaptability,and efficiency of FANETs in varying conditions.The findings emphasize the ability of FANETs to manage network congestion effectively in densely populated areas,a critical feature for maintaining reliable communications in complex scenarios.Moreover,FANETs demonstrate high potential to support critical applications,such as emergency response,disaster management,and public safety operations,where quick and coordinated action is paramount.The study also underscores the importance of establishing a hierarchical structure among nodes within the network,which allows for more efficient data exchange and helps optimize the overall network performance.Through this work,significant insights are offered into the design principles that can enhance UAV communication networks,providing a foundation for the development of more resilient,scalable,and efficient technological solutions.These advancements could accelerate the deployment of UAVs across a variety of sectors,including logistics,agriculture,environmental monitoring,and more.As such,this study not only contributes to the field of ad hoc networking but also holds potential for transformative impacts across industries where UAVs play an increasingly central role,promoting greater integration and operational success.
文摘This study highlights the regulatory potential antibacterial and antiradical of Origanum elongatum essential oil(EO),an endemic medicinal plant of Morocco used for its various properties.The chemical composition of the EO was characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The antibacterial activity against different agricultural phytopathogens was determined by disc diffusion and microatmosphere methods,as well as by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC),while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assays.To complement the experimental analyses,a molecular docking approach was used to predict and elucidate the mechanisms of action of the identified bioactive com-pounds,both for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties.The GC-MS analysis revealed a chemical composition dominated by the major compounds:p-cymene-2-ol(25.31%),thymol(23.88%),andγ-terpinene(19.26%).Furthermore,antibacterial analyses performed using different methodological approaches(disc diffusion,microatmosphere,MIC,and MBC)showed significant inhibitory activity against all phytopathogens tested.Moreover,O.elongatum EO exhibited interesting antioxidant ability with an IC_(50) value of 168.251.14μg/mL for DPPH assay and EC_(50) value±of 164.221.04μg/mL for FRAP assay.Furthermore,in silico molecular docking demonstrated further insights into±the interactions between the oil’s active components and bacterial targets,supporting its mode of action.This in-depth characterization highlights the potential of O.elongatum EO as a natural alternative for the biocontrol of plant pathogens.It opens new perspectives for developing natural solutions to protect crops against plant diseases.
文摘Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biological activities and phytochemical constituents of extracts derived from its leaves and seed cones,the present study systematically investigates their mineral and phenolic profiles alongside their multifunctional bioactive potential.Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)analysis revealed a substantial abundance of essential macro-and microelements.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)further identified high concentrations of phenolic acids(e.g.,p-coumaric acid)and flavonoids(e.g.,rutin and quercetin).The extracts exhibited potent radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),robust antioxidant capacity against hydrogen peroxide,and significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(XO)activity.Notably,both extracts demonstrated marked antibacterial efficacy.In silico molecular docking studies suggested that the antimicrobial activity may stem from the phenolic constituents,which exhibited favorable binding affinities to the active site of bacterial target proteins.These findings underscore J.oxycedrus as a promising reservoir of bioactive natural compounds,warranting further exploration for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications.
基金supported by the subsidiary programme“Ayudas Extraordinarias Menciones Excelencia Severo Ochoa”of the CN IGME-CSIC(project AECEX2021,grant 15903)the University of Minnesota and National Science Foundation(award NSF-EAR 2153786)+1 种基金the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT)support,Geosciences Center project UIDB/00073/2020(doi:10.54499/UIDB/00073/2020)University of Coimbra and and GeoBioTec project UIDB/04035/2020(doi:10.54499/UIDB/04035/2020),Nova School of Science and Technology.
文摘The Kunene Complex(KC)represents a very large Mesoproterozoic igneous body,mainly composed of anorthosites and gabbroic rocks that extends from SW Angola to NW Namibia(outcropping 18,000 km^(2),NE-SW trend,and ca.350 km long and up to 50 km wide).Little is known about its structure at depth.Here,we use recently acquired aerogeophysical data to accurately determine its hidden extent and to unravel its morphology at depth.These data have been interpreted and modelled to investigate the unexposed KC boundaries,reconstructing the upper crustal structure(between 0 and 15 km depth)overlain by the thin sedimentary cover of the Kalahari Basin.The modelling reveals that the KC was emplaced in the upper crust and extends in depth up to ca.5 km,showing a lobular geometry and following a large NE-SW to NNE-SSW linear trend,presumably inherited from older Paleoproterozoic structures.The lateral continuation of the KC to the east(between 50 and 125 km)beneath the Kalahari Cenozoic sediments suggests an overall size three times the outcropping dimension(about 53,500 km^(2)).This affirmation clearly reinforces the economic potential of this massif,related to the prospecting of raw materials and certain types of economic mineralization(Fe-Ti oxides,metallic sulphides or platinum group minerals).Up to 11 lobes have been isolated with dimensions ranging from 135.5 to 37.3 km in length and 81.9 to 20.7 km in width according to remanent bodies revealed by TMI mapping.A total volume of 65,184 km3 was calculated only for the magnetically remanent bodies of the KC.A long-lasting complex contractional regime,where large strike-slip fault systems were involved,occurred in three kinematic pulses potentially related to a change of velocity or convergence angle acting on previous Paleoproterozoic inherited sutures.The coalescent magmatic pulses can be recognized by means of magnetic anomalies,age of the bodies as well as the lineations inferred in this work:(i)Emplacement of the eastern mafic bodies and granites in a stage of significant lateral extension in a transtensional context between 1500 Ma and 1420 Ma;(ii)Migration of the mantle derived magmas westwards with deformation in a complex contractional setting with shearing structures involving western KC bodies and basement from 1415 Ma to 1340 Ma;(iii)NNW-SSE extensional structures are relocated westwards,involving mantle magmas,negative flower structures and depression that led to the formation of late Mesoproterozoic basins from 1325 Ma to 1170 Ma.Additionally,we detect several first and second order structures to place the structuring of the KC in a craton-scale context in relation to the crustal structures detected in NW Namibia.
