The evaluation of plant-based feedstocks is an important aspect of biorefining.Nicotiana glauca is a solanaceous,non-food crop that produces large amounts of biomass and is well adapted to grow in suboptimal condition...The evaluation of plant-based feedstocks is an important aspect of biorefining.Nicotiana glauca is a solanaceous,non-food crop that produces large amounts of biomass and is well adapted to grow in suboptimal conditions.In the present article,compatible sequential solvent extractions were applied to N.glauca leaves to enable the generation of enriched extracts containing higher metabolite content comparing to direct leaf extracts.Typically,between 60 to 100 metabolite components were identified within the fractions.The occurrence of plant fatty acids,fatty acid alcohols,alkanes,sterols and terpenoids was detected by gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and metabolite identification was confirmed by comparison of physico-chemical properties displayed by available authentic standards.Collectively,co-products such waxes,oils,fermentable sugars,and terpenoids were all identified and quantified.The enriched fractions of N.glauca revealed a high level of readily extractable hydrocarbons,oils and high value co-products.In addition,the saccharification yield and cell wall composition analyses in the stems revealed the potential of the residue material as a promising lignocellulosic substrate for the production of fermentable sugars.In conclusion a multifractional cascade for valuable compounds/commodities has been development,that uses N.glauca biomass.These data have enabled the evaluation of N.glauca material as a potential feedstock for biorefining.展开更多
The development of high throughput molecular marker technologies and automated scoring of multiple markers simultaneously has opened the possibilities for the development of highly saturated molecular
Lettuce yields can be reduced by the disease bacterial leaf spot(BLS)caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv.vitians(Xcv)and host resistance is the most feasible method to reduce disease losses.The cultivars ...Lettuce yields can be reduced by the disease bacterial leaf spot(BLS)caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv.vitians(Xcv)and host resistance is the most feasible method to reduce disease losses.The cultivars La Brillante,Pavane and Little Gem express an incompatible host–pathogen interaction as a hypersensitive response(HR)to California strains of Xcv resulting in resistance.Little was known about the inheritance of resistance;however,resistance to other lettuce pathogens is often determined by resistance gene candidates(RGCs)encoding nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NB-LRR)proteins.Therefore,we determined the inheritance of BLS resistance in the cultivars La Brillante,Little Gem and Pavane and mapped it relative to RGCs.The reaction to Xcv was analyzed in nine F_(1),F_(2) and recombinant inbred line populations of lettuce from HR3compatible or HR3HR crosses.The HR in La Brillante,Pavane and Little Gem is conditioned by single dominant genes,which are either allelic or closely linked genes.The resistance gene in La Brillante was designated Xanthomonas resistance 1(Xar1)and mapped to lettuce linkage group 2.Xar1 is present in a genomic region that contains numerous NB-LRR encoding RGCs and functional pathogen resistance loci in the RGC2 family.The Xar1 gene confers a high level of BLS resistance in the greenhouse and field that can be introgressed into commercial lettuce cultivars to reduce BLS losses using molecular markers.展开更多
Fresh-cut lettuce is popular,but highly perishable product.Genetic studies of two bi-parental populations derived from crossing parents with rapid and slow rates of deterioration showed that the deterioration rate is ...Fresh-cut lettuce is popular,but highly perishable product.Genetic studies of two bi-parental populations derived from crossing parents with rapid and slow rates of deterioration showed that the deterioration rate is a heritable trait(broad spectrum heritability,H2 of 0.56–0.87).The major genetic determinant of the deterioration rate in both populations was the quantitative trait locus(QTL),qSL4,located on linkage group 4.This QTL explained 40–74%of the total phenotypic variation of the trait in the two populations.Saturating the qSL4 region with single-nucleotide(SNP)markers allowed detection of six haplotypes in a set of 16 lettuce accessions with different rates of deterioration.Three of the haplotypes were always associated with very rapid rates of deterioration,while the other three haplotypes were associated with slow rates of deterioration.Two SNPs located 53 bp apart were sufficient to separate the 16 accessions into two groups with different rates of deterioration.The accuracy of markers-trait association was subsequently tested on 350 plants from seven F2 families that originated from crossing parents with different rates of deterioration.The H2 of deterioration rate in these seven families ranged from 0.64 to 0.90.The SNP-based analysis accurately identified individuals with rapid,intermediate,and slow rates of deterioration in each family.Intermediate rate of deterioration was found in individuals having heterozygous alleles at qSL4,indicating an additive effect of the alleles.The assay can be used for fast,accurate,and reliable identification of deterioration rate after processing for salad.展开更多
基金Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEALThe research from the MultiBioPro project leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research,technological development and demonstration under grant agreement 311804Further funding from the BBSRC 21EBTA-Celfacto project is acknowledged by PDF.
文摘The evaluation of plant-based feedstocks is an important aspect of biorefining.Nicotiana glauca is a solanaceous,non-food crop that produces large amounts of biomass and is well adapted to grow in suboptimal conditions.In the present article,compatible sequential solvent extractions were applied to N.glauca leaves to enable the generation of enriched extracts containing higher metabolite content comparing to direct leaf extracts.Typically,between 60 to 100 metabolite components were identified within the fractions.The occurrence of plant fatty acids,fatty acid alcohols,alkanes,sterols and terpenoids was detected by gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and metabolite identification was confirmed by comparison of physico-chemical properties displayed by available authentic standards.Collectively,co-products such waxes,oils,fermentable sugars,and terpenoids were all identified and quantified.The enriched fractions of N.glauca revealed a high level of readily extractable hydrocarbons,oils and high value co-products.In addition,the saccharification yield and cell wall composition analyses in the stems revealed the potential of the residue material as a promising lignocellulosic substrate for the production of fermentable sugars.In conclusion a multifractional cascade for valuable compounds/commodities has been development,that uses N.glauca biomass.These data have enabled the evaluation of N.glauca material as a potential feedstock for biorefining.
文摘The development of high throughput molecular marker technologies and automated scoring of multiple markers simultaneously has opened the possibilities for the development of highly saturated molecular
基金This research was supported by the California Leafy Greens Research Program,the California Department of Food and Agriculture,USDA NRI(grant no.2008-35300-004447)USDA NIFA SCRI(grant no.2010-51181-21631).
文摘Lettuce yields can be reduced by the disease bacterial leaf spot(BLS)caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv.vitians(Xcv)and host resistance is the most feasible method to reduce disease losses.The cultivars La Brillante,Pavane and Little Gem express an incompatible host–pathogen interaction as a hypersensitive response(HR)to California strains of Xcv resulting in resistance.Little was known about the inheritance of resistance;however,resistance to other lettuce pathogens is often determined by resistance gene candidates(RGCs)encoding nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NB-LRR)proteins.Therefore,we determined the inheritance of BLS resistance in the cultivars La Brillante,Little Gem and Pavane and mapped it relative to RGCs.The reaction to Xcv was analyzed in nine F_(1),F_(2) and recombinant inbred line populations of lettuce from HR3compatible or HR3HR crosses.The HR in La Brillante,Pavane and Little Gem is conditioned by single dominant genes,which are either allelic or closely linked genes.The resistance gene in La Brillante was designated Xanthomonas resistance 1(Xar1)and mapped to lettuce linkage group 2.Xar1 is present in a genomic region that contains numerous NB-LRR encoding RGCs and functional pathogen resistance loci in the RGC2 family.The Xar1 gene confers a high level of BLS resistance in the greenhouse and field that can be introgressed into commercial lettuce cultivars to reduce BLS losses using molecular markers.
基金This work was partly supported by the California Leafy Greens Research Program and the United States Department of Agriculture,National Institute of Food and Agriculture,Specialty Crop Research Initiative program award#s 2010-51181-21631 and 2015-51181-24283.
文摘Fresh-cut lettuce is popular,but highly perishable product.Genetic studies of two bi-parental populations derived from crossing parents with rapid and slow rates of deterioration showed that the deterioration rate is a heritable trait(broad spectrum heritability,H2 of 0.56–0.87).The major genetic determinant of the deterioration rate in both populations was the quantitative trait locus(QTL),qSL4,located on linkage group 4.This QTL explained 40–74%of the total phenotypic variation of the trait in the two populations.Saturating the qSL4 region with single-nucleotide(SNP)markers allowed detection of six haplotypes in a set of 16 lettuce accessions with different rates of deterioration.Three of the haplotypes were always associated with very rapid rates of deterioration,while the other three haplotypes were associated with slow rates of deterioration.Two SNPs located 53 bp apart were sufficient to separate the 16 accessions into two groups with different rates of deterioration.The accuracy of markers-trait association was subsequently tested on 350 plants from seven F2 families that originated from crossing parents with different rates of deterioration.The H2 of deterioration rate in these seven families ranged from 0.64 to 0.90.The SNP-based analysis accurately identified individuals with rapid,intermediate,and slow rates of deterioration in each family.Intermediate rate of deterioration was found in individuals having heterozygous alleles at qSL4,indicating an additive effect of the alleles.The assay can be used for fast,accurate,and reliable identification of deterioration rate after processing for salad.
