Non-right-handedness(NRH),encompassing left-handedness and mixed-handedness,has been frequently reported at elevated rates in individuals with various psychiatric disorders.The consistency of this association across m...Non-right-handedness(NRH),encompassing left-handedness and mixed-handedness,has been frequently reported at elevated rates in individuals with various psychiatric disorders.The consistency of this association across multiple conditions and its underlying mechanisms is the subject of ongoing investigation.This review synthesized current evidence to explore the association between NRH and psychiatric disorders from epidemiological,genetic,and neurobiological perspectives.We systematically identified and appraised relevant literature investigating NRH prevalence in psychiatric populations and potential explanatory mechanisms.Epidemiological evidence indicates an elevated prevalence of NRH,particularly within neurodevelopmental disorders.Potential contributing mechanisms identified include early developmental disruptions,shared genetic predispositions,and atypical patterns of brain lateralization.While the association between NRH and psychiatric conditions,especially neurodevelopmental disorders,is evident,the causal pathways and relative contributions of identified mechanisms are complex and debated.This review highlighted key areas requiring further research to elucidate these relationships.展开更多
Scgn is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein occupying a unique position within the family of neuron-specific calcium sensors.As a key participant in calcium signaling,Scgn regulates diverse neural processes through its...Scgn is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein occupying a unique position within the family of neuron-specific calcium sensors.As a key participant in calcium signaling,Scgn regulates diverse neural processes through its six EF-hand domains,including endocrine granule secretion,synaptic vesicle release,and plays crucial roles in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders.This review systematically summarizes Scgn’s structural characteristics,expression patterns,and multifaceted roles within the nervous system,while exploring its potential pathological significance and therapeutic value in neuropsychiatric disorders.Existing studies indicate that Scgn is specifically distributed in brain regions such as the olfactory bulb and hippocampus.It engages in Ca^(2+)-dependent interactions with key synaptic secretion molecules like SNAP-25 and Doc2α,thereby regulating neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity.Furthermore,pathological alterations in Scgn observed in diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and epilepsy suggest its potential as an early biomarker and therapeutic target,offering significant prospects for translational research.展开更多
Direct electrical stimulation of the human cortex can produce subjective visual sensations,yet these sensations are unstable.The underlying mechanisms may stem from differences in electrophysiological activity within ...Direct electrical stimulation of the human cortex can produce subjective visual sensations,yet these sensations are unstable.The underlying mechanisms may stem from differences in electrophysiological activity within the distributed network outside the stimulated site.To address this problem,we recruited 69 patients who experienced visual sensations during invasive electrical stimulation while intracranial electroencephalography(iEEG)data were recorded.We found significantly flattened power spectral slopes in distributed regions involving different brain networks and decreased integrated information during elicited visual sensations compared with the non-sensation condition.Further analysis based on minimum information partitions revealed that the reconfigured network interactions primarily involved the inferior frontal cortex,posterior superior temporal sulcus,and temporoparietal junction.The flattened power spectral slope in the inferior frontal gyrus was also correlated with integrated information.Taken together,this study indicates that the altered electrophysiological signatures provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying subjective visual sensations.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the analgesic effects of total flavonoids of Longxuejie(Resina Dracaenae Cochinchinensis)(TFDB) and explore the possible analgesic mechanism associated with transient receptor potential vanilloi...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the analgesic effects of total flavonoids of Longxuejie(Resina Dracaenae Cochinchinensis)(TFDB) and explore the possible analgesic mechanism associated with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).METHODS: Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to observe the effects of TFDB on capsaicin-induced TRPV1 currents. Rat experiments in vivo were used to observe the analgesic effects of TFDB. Western blot and immunofluorescence experiments were used to test the change of TRPV1 expression in DRG neurons induced by TFDB.RESULTS: Results showed that TFDB inhibited capsaicin-induced TRPV1 receptor currents in acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons of rats and the half inhibitory concentration was(16.7 ± 1.6) mg/L.TFDB(2-20 mg/kg) showed analgesic activity in the phase Ⅱ of formalin test and(0.02-2 mg per paw)reduced capsaicin-induced licking times of rats. TFDB(20 mg/kg) was fully efficacious on complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)-induced inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia and capsaicin could weaken the analgesic effects. The level of TRPV1 expressions of DRG neurons was also decreased in TFDB-treated CFA-inflammatory pain rats.CONCLUSION: All these results indicated that the analgesic effect of TFDB may contribute to their modulations on both function and expression of TRPV1 channels in DRG neurons.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the effect of loureirin B plus capsaicin on tetrodotoxin-resistant(TTX-R) sodium channel.METHODS: By using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, in acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion(...OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the effect of loureirin B plus capsaicin on tetrodotoxin-resistant(TTX-R) sodium channel.METHODS: By using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, in acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons, the combined effects of loureirin B and capsaicin on TTX-R sodium channel were observed. Based on the data, the interaction between loureirin B and capsaicin in their modulation on TTX-R sodium channel was assessed.RESULTS: Loureirin B could not induce transient inward TRPV1 current. Capsazepine, a transient receptor potential vanilloid l(TRPV1) antagonist, could not attenuate the block of 0.64 mmol/L loureirin B on TTX-R sodium channel. There was no significant difference(P > 0.05) between IC_(50) of loureirin B(0.37 mmol/L) on TTX-R sodium channel in capsaicin-sensitive DRG neurons and that(0.38 mmol/L)in capsaicin-insensitive DRG neurons. However,there was a significant difference(P < 0.05) between the IC_(50) of capsaicin(0.28 μmol/L) on TTX-R sodium channel in capsaicin-sensitive DRG neurons and that(52.24 μmol/L) in capsaicin-insensitive DRG neurons. Four combinations composed of various concentrations of loureirin B and capsaicin could all inhibit TTX-R sodium currents but have different interactions between loureirin B and capsaicin.CONCLUSION: Loureirin B plus capsaicin could produce double blockage on TRPV1 and modulation on TTX-R sodium channel. The action of loureirin B onTTX-R sodium channel was independent ofTRPV1 but similar with that of capsaicin on TTX-R sodium channel in capsaicin-insensitive DRG neurons.展开更多
With the widespread adoption of smartphones,parental phubbing behaviors have become increasingly prevalent,potentially affecting preschool children’s development.Current research primarily focuses on adolescent popul...With the widespread adoption of smartphones,parental phubbing behaviors have become increasingly prevalent,potentially affecting preschool children’s development.Current research primarily focuses on adolescent populations,while the mechanisms through which parental phubbing and authoritarian parenting style influence preschool children’s behavioral problems within the Chinese cultural context remain to be explored.Our investigation seeks to examine the factors contributing to behavioral difficulties among children of preschool age and provide theoretical guidance for prevention.Methods In our research,we utilized a convenience sampling approach to collect data from parents whose children(n=612)were between 3 and 7 years of age.The questionnaire distribution was facilitated via the Wenjuanxing online survey platform.Research instruments included the Parental Phubbing Scale,Parent-Child Relationship Scale,Authoritarian Parenting Style Scale,and Conners Child Behavior Rating Scale.For analytical procedures,we employed SPSS 24.0 to generate descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.Chain mediation effects were examined via Process macro,while significance assessment of the mediating effects relied on the Bootstrap method for constructing 95%confidence intervals.Results A statistically significant positive association was observed between parental phubbing and behavioral problems exhibited by children(r=0.251,p<0.001).Parental phubbing exhibited a significant direct effect on children’s behavioral problems(β=0.088,p<0.001).Analysis of sequential mediation demonstrated that authoritarian parenting style together with parent-child conflict functioned as significant intermediary variables in the relationship between parental phubbing and children’s problem behaviors(β=0.163,p<0.001),with these indirect pathways constituting 64.94%of the total effect.Conclusion Parental phubbing significantly contributes to behavioral problems in preschool children.Parents should monitor their media use,improve their parenting approach,and enhance parent-child relationships to reduce behavioral problems in preschool children.展开更多
Assessing adolescent body image is crucial for mental health interventions,yet traditional methods suffer from limited dimensional coverage,poor dynamic tracking,and weak ecological validity.To address these gaps,this...Assessing adolescent body image is crucial for mental health interventions,yet traditional methods suffer from limited dimensional coverage,poor dynamic tracking,and weak ecological validity.To address these gaps,this study proposes a multidimensional evalu-ation using large language models(LLMs)and compares its criterion validity against a dictionary-based method and expert ratings.We defined four dimensions-perception,positive attitude,negative attitude,behavior-by reviewing the body-image literature and built a validated dictionary through expert ratings and iterative refinement.A four-step prompt-engineering process,incorporating role-playing and other optimization techniques,produced tailored prompts for LLM-based recognition.To validate these tools,we collected self-reported texts and scale scores from 194 university students,performed semantic analyses with Llama-3.1-70B,Qwen-Max,and DeepSeek-R1 using these prompts,and confirmed ecological validity on social media posts.Results indicate that our mul-tidimensional dictionary correlated significantly with expert ratings across all four dimensions(r=0.515-0.625),providing a solid benchmark.LLM-based assessments then outperformed both the dictionary and human ratings,with zero-shot LLMs achieving r=0.664 in positive attitude(vs.expert r=0.657)and DeepSeek-R1 reaching r=0.722 in perception.Role-playing techniques sig-nificantly improved the validity in the perception dimension(Δr=+0.117).Consistency checks revealed that the DeepSeek model reduced error dispersion in extreme score ranges by 48.4%compared to human ratings,with the 95%consistency limits covering the fluctuations of human scores.Incremental validity analysis showed that LLMs could replace human evaluations in the perception dimension(ΔR2=0.220).In ecological validity checks,the Qwen model achieved a correlation of 0.651 in the social media behavior dimension-53.1%higher than the dictionary method.We found that LLMs demonstrated significant advantages in the multidimensional assessment of body image,offering a new intelligent approach to mental health measurement.展开更多
Minority opinions can be of crucial importance to the diversity, productivity, and harmony of a group, but are often left unat-tended and unheard. Previous methods that tried to enhance minority influence are usually ...Minority opinions can be of crucial importance to the diversity, productivity, and harmony of a group, but are often left unat-tended and unheard. Previous methods that tried to enhance minority influence are usually overly forceful and low on ecological validity. To overcome these pitfalls, we proposed a new intervention method called minority clustering and examined its effects with a social network experiment (N = 456). Minority clustering was implemented by increasing the network connections among participants with initial opinions that deviated from the mainstream opinion and forming an opinion cluster among these minor-ity members. Our results show that minority clustering significantly slowed down the rate at which minority members shifted toward majority opinions, thereby sustaining minority cohesion, and moved majority members closer to minority opinions, thus enhancing minority influence. An additional filter bubble intervention, through which all members of a network were exposed to neighbors with similar opinions to their own, further strengthened minority cohesion but weakened minority influence. Minority clustering is an unobtrusive intervention that does not need overt cooperations of network members and can be im-plemented easily in social media platforms. The working mechanisms of minority clustering and its effects on group opinion formation are further discussed.展开更多
Mental health is one of the main challenges in the 21st century.It is especially important for adolescents and young people.Maintaining positive mental health is critical during this period as people navigate developm...Mental health is one of the main challenges in the 21st century.It is especially important for adolescents and young people.Maintaining positive mental health is critical during this period as people navigate developmental milestones to transition to adulthood.展开更多
Anhedonia,a transdiagnostic symptom for schizophrenia and depression,exists in subclinical individuals at risk of the two disorders.Prior meta-analytic reviews seldom considered both anticipated pleasure and anticipat...Anhedonia,a transdiagnostic symptom for schizophrenia and depression,exists in subclinical individuals at risk of the two disorders.Prior meta-analytic reviews seldom considered both anticipated pleasure and anticipated displeasure.We conducted a three-level meta-analysis on anticipated pleasure and displeasure in people with schizophrenia and depression,and their subclinical counterparts.Clinical and subclinical individuals of the schizophrenia spectrum reported less anticipated pleasure than controls(k=37,1464 participants,g=−0.22,p=0.032),but reported similar anticipated displeasure as controls(k=20,769 participants,g=0.09,p=0.345).Clinical and subclinical individuals of depression anticipated less pleasure(k=21,1162 participants,g=−0.62,p=0.003)and more displeasure(k=15,954 participants,g=0.82,p=0.033)than controls.Comparisons of the schizophrenia and depression samples yielded no significant difference for effect sizes of either anticipated pleasure or anticipated displeasure.For schizophrenia spectrum,heterogeneity of anticipated pleasure was explained by sociality of anticipated stimuli.For participants with depression,higher severity of depressive symptoms were associated with larger between-group effects on anticipated pleasure and displeasure.After accounting for publication bias,the between-group effects remained of a similar magnitude.We elucidated the patterns of impaired anticipated emotions in clinical and subclinical samples of the schizophrenia and depression.Social anticipated pleasure may be a potential screening target for schizophrenia,while impaired anticipated emotions may serve as a marker for depression.展开更多
Diminished reward motivation in the wanting or liking dimension constitutes one of the core dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia(SCZ).However,it remains unclear whether patients with SCZ would dynamically adapt...Diminished reward motivation in the wanting or liking dimension constitutes one of the core dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia(SCZ).However,it remains unclear whether patients with SCZ would dynamically adapt their wanting or liking towards reward in response to a favourable effort-reward ratio and whether such adaptation correlates with their clinical symptoms or functional outcome.In this study,thirty patients with SCZ and 30 healthy controls(HC)were recruited to complete the reward motivation adaptation task(RMAT)based on mental arithmetic effort and manipulating effort-reward ratios.Clinical symptoms were assessed in the clinical group while pleasure experience and social functioning were assessed in all participants.We found that patients with SCZ exhibited less reward wanting and liking than HC in“effort=reward”and“effort<reward”conditions.Neither reward wanting nor liking in patients with SCZ adapted with effort-reward ratio as indicated by significantly smaller coefficients(βwanting andβliking)compared with HCs.Besides,SCZ patients'adaptation ability was positively correlated with social functioning in daily life.In conclusion,this study indicates that patients with SCZ not only exhibited reduced reward motivation in favourable conditions but also dysfunctions of reward motivation adaptation,and such deficits could explain poor functional outcome.展开更多
Schizophrenia exhibits impairments in remembering the past(autobiographical memory,AM)and imagining the future(epi-sodic future thinking,EFT).Childhood trauma is also associated with deficits in AM and EFT.However,it ...Schizophrenia exhibits impairments in remembering the past(autobiographical memory,AM)and imagining the future(epi-sodic future thinking,EFT).Childhood trauma is also associated with deficits in AM and EFT.However,it is not clear whether childhood trauma is associated with severer deficits in AM and EFT in schizophrenia.The present study aimed to examine the effect of childhood trauma on AM and EFT in schizophrenia.We recruited 41 schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma(SCZ+CT),19 schizophrenia patients without childhood trauma(SCZ−CT),and 40 healthy controls(HC)to participate in this study.Participants underwent the autobiographical interview task,in which they were required to remember or imagine the most important events that occurred or would occur at different times and describe them.Results showed that SCZ+CT exhibited fewer internal details,and lower specificity,time/place richness,and thought/emotion richness in both AM and EFT compared with HC.Meanwhile,SCZ−CT showed lower time/place richness and thought/emotion richness in AM and EFT than HC.However,no significant difference was found between the two patient groups.In addition,AM showed more internal details and stronger phenomenological characteristics(e.g.,specificity,time/place richness,etc.)than EFT,while EFT was more positive and important than AM in all participants.Both SCZ+CT and SCZ−CT groups exhibited AM and EFT impairments,and the SCZ+CT group had wider impairments than the SCZ−CT group compared with HC,although the direct comparison between SCZ+CT and SCZ−CT did not show significant differences.These results suggest that childhood trauma had a subtle effect on AM and EFT impairments in schizophrenia patients.展开更多
Working memory(WM)training is considered a promising cognitive remediation for psychopathological disorders.Given the shared neural circuits in WM and hedonic processing,as well as the positive findings in schizophren...Working memory(WM)training is considered a promising cognitive remediation for psychopathological disorders.Given the shared neural circuits in WM and hedonic processing,as well as the positive findings in schizophrenia patients with anhedonia,we hypothesized that WM training might improve hedonic processing in subclinical individuals.This study investigated the transfer effect of a 10-session WM training on(1)people with social anhedonia and(2)people with subsyndromal depression,relative to the control groups.We evaluated the impact on different dimensions of anhedonia.A total of 152 Chinese university students were enrolled,and the study examined the general improvement of the hedonic training across trait and control groups.Findings showed that WM training improved the engagement of difficult tasks in participants with social anhedonia and the pleasure after paying effort in participants who had WM growth during the training sessions.The transfer effects on reward processing and cost-benefit computations indicated the benefits of WM training effects.Results were limited to subclinical samples within a short-term intervention and might not generalize to clinical samples.In conclusion,our findings suggest that WM training could be a prospective cognitive remediation for alleviating anhedonia,warranting further exploration.展开更多
Background Anorexia nervosa(AN)has been characterised as a psychiatric disorder associated with increased control.Currently,it remains difficult to predict treatment response in patients with AN.Their cognitive abilit...Background Anorexia nervosa(AN)has been characterised as a psychiatric disorder associated with increased control.Currently,it remains difficult to predict treatment response in patients with AN.Their cognitive abilities are known to be resistant to treatment.It has been established that the frontoparietal control network(FPCN)is the direct counterpart of the executive control network.Therefore,the resting-state brain activity of the FPCN may serve as a biomarker to predict treatment response in AN.Aims The study aimed to investigate the association between resting-state functional connectivity(RSFC)of the FPCN,clinical symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Methods In this case-control study,79 female patients with AN and no prior treatment from the Shanghai Mental Health Center and 40 matched healthy controls(HCs)were recruited from January 2015 to March 2022.All participants completed the Questionnaire Versionof the Eating Disorder Examination(version 6.0)to assess the severity of their eating disorder symptoms.Additionally,RSFC data were obtained from all participants at baseline by functional magnetic resonance imaging.Patients with AN underwent routine outpatient treatment at the 4th and 12th week,during which time their clinical symptoms were evaluated using the same measures as at baseline.Results Among the 79 patients,40 completed the 4-week follow-up and 35 completed the 12-week follow-up.The RSFC from the right posterior parietal cortex(PPC)and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(diPFC)increased in 79 patients with AN vs 40 HCs after controlling for depression and anxiety symptoms.By multiple linear regression,the RSFC of the PPC to the inferior frontal gyrus was found to be a significant factor for self-reported eating disorder symptoms at baseline and the treatment response to cognitive preoccupations about eating and body image,after controlling for age,age of onset and body mass index.The RSFC in the dIPFC to the middle temporal gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus may be significant factors in the treatment response to binge eating and loss of control/overeating in patients with AN.Conclusions Alterations in RSFC in the FPCN appear to affect self-reported eating disorder symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Our findings offer new insight into the pathogenesis of AN and could promote early prevention and treatment.展开更多
The evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)and its capacity to provide social support may influence fertility decisions from a cost-benefit perspective,as AI companionship could partially compensate for the emotional...The evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)and its capacity to provide social support may influence fertility decisions from a cost-benefit perspective,as AI companionship could partially compensate for the emotional and instrumental support traditionally derived from offspring.To examine this possibility,we conducted two online experiments using video priming(Study 1)and writing priming(Study 2)to assess whether AI-provided support influences fertility intentions and motivations.Study 1 revealed that participants with more positive attitudes toward situations of interaction with robots reported decreased fertility intentions following exposure to human-robot interaction videos.Meanwhile,Study 2 found that participants with more positive attitudes toward emotional interactions with robots exhibited increased fertility intentions after imagining AI companionship during an illness scenario.We propose that these divergent effects stem from distinct cognitive frameworks:when an AI robot is perceived as a substitute for human support,it may diminish the anticipated benefits of having children,thereby reducing fertility intentions.However,when viewed as a human assistant,an AI robot may lower the perceived costs of childrearing,thus enhancing fertility intentions.These findings provide a novel insight into how humanrobot interactions may influence individuals'desire to have children,potentially contributing to long-term demographic shifts.They also highlight the need for further investigation into AI's role in shaping attitudes toward family formation and social sustainability.展开更多
As artificial intelligence(AI)rapidly transforms social interactions,empathy is no longer confined to human-to-human relationships but increasingly involves human-AI connections resembling interpersonal dynamics[1].AI...As artificial intelligence(AI)rapidly transforms social interactions,empathy is no longer confined to human-to-human relationships but increasingly involves human-AI connections resembling interpersonal dynamics[1].AI’s ability to recognize human emotions parallels how humans interpret others’feelings[2],while its capacity to generate emotional expressions mirrors how humans convey emotions as empathy targets[3].Building on established models that distinguish empathizer and empathy target roles across affective,cognitive,motivational,and behavioral dimensions[4].展开更多
Cultural influences on the concept of self is a very important topic for social cognitive neuroscientific exploration,as yet,little if anything is known about this topic at the neural level.The present study investiga...Cultural influences on the concept of self is a very important topic for social cognitive neuroscientific exploration,as yet,little if anything is known about this topic at the neural level.The present study investigates this problem by looking at the Chinese culture’s influence on the concept of self,in which the self includes mother.In Western cultures,self-referential processing leads to a memory performance advantage over other forms of semantic processing including mother-referential,other-referential and general semantic processing,and an advantage that is potentially localizable to the medial prefrontal cortex(MPFC).In Chinese culture,however,the behavioral study showed that mother-referential processing was comparable with self-referential processing in both memory per-formance and autonoetic awareness.The present study attempts to address whether similar neural correlates(e.g.MPFC)are acting to facilitate both types of referencing.Participants judged trait ad-jectives under three reference conditions of self,other and semantic processing in Experiment I,and a mother-reference condition replaced the other-reference condition in Experiment II.The results showed that when compared to other,self-referential processing yielded activations of MPFC and cingulate areas.However,when compared to mother,the activation of MPFC disappeared in self-referential processing,which suggests that mother and self may have a common brain region in the MPFC and that the Chinese idea of self includes mother.展开更多
Deficits in schizophrenia are linked to abnormalities in the glutamate(Glu)system,which are believed to result in neurological soft signs(NSS)and negative symptoms.This study investigated the relationship between Glu ...Deficits in schizophrenia are linked to abnormalities in the glutamate(Glu)system,which are believed to result in neurological soft signs(NSS)and negative symptoms.This study investigated the relationship between Glu levels of the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and NSS,particularly sensory integration,in individuals with high and low levels of social anhedonia using 3 Tesla(T)and 7T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS).We recruited 16 participants with high social anhedonia and 18 with low social anhedonia and correlated their NSS scores with ACC Glu levels.While spectral quality metrics differed between field strengths,with 7T showing better spectral resolution and metabolite quantification reliability,both 3T and 7T data showed consistent correlation patterns.Our findings demonstrated that higher ACC Glu levels were associated with poorer sensory integration in high levels of social anhedonia across both field strengths,supported by both Pearson and Spearman rank correlations.Notably,the opposite pattern of association was found in people with low levels of social anhedonia at 7T.The Glu systems may be the common mechanisms for negative symptoms and NSS,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.展开更多
This study examined the language use in Chinese university students with depressive symptoms based on negative and positive memory recall tasks.People with depression used more first-person singular pronouns in the ne...This study examined the language use in Chinese university students with depressive symptoms based on negative and positive memory recall tasks.People with depression used more first-person singular pronouns in the negative memory task and more negative words in both memory tasks.展开更多
文摘Non-right-handedness(NRH),encompassing left-handedness and mixed-handedness,has been frequently reported at elevated rates in individuals with various psychiatric disorders.The consistency of this association across multiple conditions and its underlying mechanisms is the subject of ongoing investigation.This review synthesized current evidence to explore the association between NRH and psychiatric disorders from epidemiological,genetic,and neurobiological perspectives.We systematically identified and appraised relevant literature investigating NRH prevalence in psychiatric populations and potential explanatory mechanisms.Epidemiological evidence indicates an elevated prevalence of NRH,particularly within neurodevelopmental disorders.Potential contributing mechanisms identified include early developmental disruptions,shared genetic predispositions,and atypical patterns of brain lateralization.While the association between NRH and psychiatric conditions,especially neurodevelopmental disorders,is evident,the causal pathways and relative contributions of identified mechanisms are complex and debated.This review highlighted key areas requiring further research to elucidate these relationships.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32170699,32200560)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2022CFB906,2025AFA009)。
文摘Scgn is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein occupying a unique position within the family of neuron-specific calcium sensors.As a key participant in calcium signaling,Scgn regulates diverse neural processes through its six EF-hand domains,including endocrine granule secretion,synaptic vesicle release,and plays crucial roles in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders.This review systematically summarizes Scgn’s structural characteristics,expression patterns,and multifaceted roles within the nervous system,while exploring its potential pathological significance and therapeutic value in neuropsychiatric disorders.Existing studies indicate that Scgn is specifically distributed in brain regions such as the olfactory bulb and hippocampus.It engages in Ca^(2+)-dependent interactions with key synaptic secretion molecules like SNAP-25 and Doc2α,thereby regulating neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity.Furthermore,pathological alterations in Scgn observed in diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and epilepsy suggest its potential as an early biomarker and therapeutic target,offering significant prospects for translational research.
基金supported by STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0204300 and 2022ZD0205000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32020103009)+2 种基金a Ministry Key Project(GW089000)the Scientific Foundation of the Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E2CX4215CX)the CAAE Epilepsy Research Fund-UCB Fund(CU-2023-052).
文摘Direct electrical stimulation of the human cortex can produce subjective visual sensations,yet these sensations are unstable.The underlying mechanisms may stem from differences in electrophysiological activity within the distributed network outside the stimulated site.To address this problem,we recruited 69 patients who experienced visual sensations during invasive electrical stimulation while intracranial electroencephalography(iEEG)data were recorded.We found significantly flattened power spectral slopes in distributed regions involving different brain networks and decreased integrated information during elicited visual sensations compared with the non-sensation condition.Further analysis based on minimum information partitions revealed that the reconfigured network interactions primarily involved the inferior frontal cortex,posterior superior temporal sulcus,and temporoparietal junction.The flattened power spectral slope in the inferior frontal gyrus was also correlated with integrated information.Taken together,this study indicates that the altered electrophysiological signatures provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying subjective visual sensations.
基金High Level Talents Project of Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities:Study of Soft-Du'an Capsule's Mechanism and Efficacy of Regulating TRPV1 Pashways in Relieving Oral and Maxillofacial Trigeminal Neuralgia (No. YYFYR20213002)Innovative Group Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province:Study on the Mechanisms of Pain Signal Transduction and Drug Analgesia (No. 2020CFA025)。
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the analgesic effects of total flavonoids of Longxuejie(Resina Dracaenae Cochinchinensis)(TFDB) and explore the possible analgesic mechanism associated with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).METHODS: Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to observe the effects of TFDB on capsaicin-induced TRPV1 currents. Rat experiments in vivo were used to observe the analgesic effects of TFDB. Western blot and immunofluorescence experiments were used to test the change of TRPV1 expression in DRG neurons induced by TFDB.RESULTS: Results showed that TFDB inhibited capsaicin-induced TRPV1 receptor currents in acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons of rats and the half inhibitory concentration was(16.7 ± 1.6) mg/L.TFDB(2-20 mg/kg) showed analgesic activity in the phase Ⅱ of formalin test and(0.02-2 mg per paw)reduced capsaicin-induced licking times of rats. TFDB(20 mg/kg) was fully efficacious on complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)-induced inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia and capsaicin could weaken the analgesic effects. The level of TRPV1 expressions of DRG neurons was also decreased in TFDB-treated CFA-inflammatory pain rats.CONCLUSION: All these results indicated that the analgesic effect of TFDB may contribute to their modulations on both function and expression of TRPV1 channels in DRG neurons.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81403186)National Science Foundation of Hubei Grants(No.2014CFB455)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the effect of loureirin B plus capsaicin on tetrodotoxin-resistant(TTX-R) sodium channel.METHODS: By using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, in acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons, the combined effects of loureirin B and capsaicin on TTX-R sodium channel were observed. Based on the data, the interaction between loureirin B and capsaicin in their modulation on TTX-R sodium channel was assessed.RESULTS: Loureirin B could not induce transient inward TRPV1 current. Capsazepine, a transient receptor potential vanilloid l(TRPV1) antagonist, could not attenuate the block of 0.64 mmol/L loureirin B on TTX-R sodium channel. There was no significant difference(P > 0.05) between IC_(50) of loureirin B(0.37 mmol/L) on TTX-R sodium channel in capsaicin-sensitive DRG neurons and that(0.38 mmol/L)in capsaicin-insensitive DRG neurons. However,there was a significant difference(P < 0.05) between the IC_(50) of capsaicin(0.28 μmol/L) on TTX-R sodium channel in capsaicin-sensitive DRG neurons and that(52.24 μmol/L) in capsaicin-insensitive DRG neurons. Four combinations composed of various concentrations of loureirin B and capsaicin could all inhibit TTX-R sodium currents but have different interactions between loureirin B and capsaicin.CONCLUSION: Loureirin B plus capsaicin could produce double blockage on TRPV1 and modulation on TTX-R sodium channel. The action of loureirin B onTTX-R sodium channel was independent ofTRPV1 but similar with that of capsaicin on TTX-R sodium channel in capsaicin-insensitive DRG neurons.
文摘With the widespread adoption of smartphones,parental phubbing behaviors have become increasingly prevalent,potentially affecting preschool children’s development.Current research primarily focuses on adolescent populations,while the mechanisms through which parental phubbing and authoritarian parenting style influence preschool children’s behavioral problems within the Chinese cultural context remain to be explored.Our investigation seeks to examine the factors contributing to behavioral difficulties among children of preschool age and provide theoretical guidance for prevention.Methods In our research,we utilized a convenience sampling approach to collect data from parents whose children(n=612)were between 3 and 7 years of age.The questionnaire distribution was facilitated via the Wenjuanxing online survey platform.Research instruments included the Parental Phubbing Scale,Parent-Child Relationship Scale,Authoritarian Parenting Style Scale,and Conners Child Behavior Rating Scale.For analytical procedures,we employed SPSS 24.0 to generate descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.Chain mediation effects were examined via Process macro,while significance assessment of the mediating effects relied on the Bootstrap method for constructing 95%confidence intervals.Results A statistically significant positive association was observed between parental phubbing and behavioral problems exhibited by children(r=0.251,p<0.001).Parental phubbing exhibited a significant direct effect on children’s behavioral problems(β=0.088,p<0.001).Analysis of sequential mediation demonstrated that authoritarian parenting style together with parent-child conflict functioned as significant intermediary variables in the relationship between parental phubbing and children’s problem behaviors(β=0.163,p<0.001),with these indirect pathways constituting 64.94%of the total effect.Conclusion Parental phubbing significantly contributes to behavioral problems in preschool children.Parents should monitor their media use,improve their parenting approach,and enhance parent-child relationships to reduce behavioral problems in preschool children.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation,IS23088。
文摘Assessing adolescent body image is crucial for mental health interventions,yet traditional methods suffer from limited dimensional coverage,poor dynamic tracking,and weak ecological validity.To address these gaps,this study proposes a multidimensional evalu-ation using large language models(LLMs)and compares its criterion validity against a dictionary-based method and expert ratings.We defined four dimensions-perception,positive attitude,negative attitude,behavior-by reviewing the body-image literature and built a validated dictionary through expert ratings and iterative refinement.A four-step prompt-engineering process,incorporating role-playing and other optimization techniques,produced tailored prompts for LLM-based recognition.To validate these tools,we collected self-reported texts and scale scores from 194 university students,performed semantic analyses with Llama-3.1-70B,Qwen-Max,and DeepSeek-R1 using these prompts,and confirmed ecological validity on social media posts.Results indicate that our mul-tidimensional dictionary correlated significantly with expert ratings across all four dimensions(r=0.515-0.625),providing a solid benchmark.LLM-based assessments then outperformed both the dictionary and human ratings,with zero-shot LLMs achieving r=0.664 in positive attitude(vs.expert r=0.657)and DeepSeek-R1 reaching r=0.722 in perception.Role-playing techniques sig-nificantly improved the validity in the perception dimension(Δr=+0.117).Consistency checks revealed that the DeepSeek model reduced error dispersion in extreme score ranges by 48.4%compared to human ratings,with the 95%consistency limits covering the fluctuations of human scores.Incremental validity analysis showed that LLMs could replace human evaluations in the perception dimension(ΔR2=0.220).In ecological validity checks,the Qwen model achieved a correlation of 0.651 in the social media behavior dimension-53.1%higher than the dictionary method.We found that LLMs demonstrated significant advantages in the multidimensional assessment of body image,offering a new intelligent approach to mental health measurement.
基金supported by research grant of the National Natural Science Foundation of China awarded to Shenghua Luan(grant number 32171074).
文摘Minority opinions can be of crucial importance to the diversity, productivity, and harmony of a group, but are often left unat-tended and unheard. Previous methods that tried to enhance minority influence are usually overly forceful and low on ecological validity. To overcome these pitfalls, we proposed a new intervention method called minority clustering and examined its effects with a social network experiment (N = 456). Minority clustering was implemented by increasing the network connections among participants with initial opinions that deviated from the mainstream opinion and forming an opinion cluster among these minor-ity members. Our results show that minority clustering significantly slowed down the rate at which minority members shifted toward majority opinions, thereby sustaining minority cohesion, and moved majority members closer to minority opinions, thus enhancing minority influence. An additional filter bubble intervention, through which all members of a network were exposed to neighbors with similar opinions to their own, further strengthened minority cohesion but weakened minority influence. Minority clustering is an unobtrusive intervention that does not need overt cooperations of network members and can be im-plemented easily in social media platforms. The working mechanisms of minority clustering and its effects on group opinion formation are further discussed.
文摘Mental health is one of the main challenges in the 21st century.It is especially important for adolescents and young people.Maintaining positive mental health is critical during this period as people navigate developmental milestones to transition to adulthood.
基金supported by Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of China,32430042Philip K.H.Wong Foundation.
文摘Anhedonia,a transdiagnostic symptom for schizophrenia and depression,exists in subclinical individuals at risk of the two disorders.Prior meta-analytic reviews seldom considered both anticipated pleasure and anticipated displeasure.We conducted a three-level meta-analysis on anticipated pleasure and displeasure in people with schizophrenia and depression,and their subclinical counterparts.Clinical and subclinical individuals of the schizophrenia spectrum reported less anticipated pleasure than controls(k=37,1464 participants,g=−0.22,p=0.032),but reported similar anticipated displeasure as controls(k=20,769 participants,g=0.09,p=0.345).Clinical and subclinical individuals of depression anticipated less pleasure(k=21,1162 participants,g=−0.62,p=0.003)and more displeasure(k=15,954 participants,g=0.82,p=0.033)than controls.Comparisons of the schizophrenia and depression samples yielded no significant difference for effect sizes of either anticipated pleasure or anticipated displeasure.For schizophrenia spectrum,heterogeneity of anticipated pleasure was explained by sociality of anticipated stimuli.For participants with depression,higher severity of depressive symptoms were associated with larger between-group effects on anticipated pleasure and displeasure.After accounting for publication bias,the between-group effects remained of a similar magnitude.We elucidated the patterns of impaired anticipated emotions in clinical and subclinical samples of the schizophrenia and depression.Social anticipated pleasure may be a potential screening target for schizophrenia,while impaired anticipated emotions may serve as a marker for depression.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,32471138,Philip K.H.Wong Foundation.
文摘Diminished reward motivation in the wanting or liking dimension constitutes one of the core dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia(SCZ).However,it remains unclear whether patients with SCZ would dynamically adapt their wanting or liking towards reward in response to a favourable effort-reward ratio and whether such adaptation correlates with their clinical symptoms or functional outcome.In this study,thirty patients with SCZ and 30 healthy controls(HC)were recruited to complete the reward motivation adaptation task(RMAT)based on mental arithmetic effort and manipulating effort-reward ratios.Clinical symptoms were assessed in the clinical group while pleasure experience and social functioning were assessed in all participants.We found that patients with SCZ exhibited less reward wanting and liking than HC in“effort=reward”and“effort<reward”conditions.Neither reward wanting nor liking in patients with SCZ adapted with effort-reward ratio as indicated by significantly smaller coefficients(βwanting andβliking)compared with HCs.Besides,SCZ patients'adaptation ability was positively correlated with social functioning in daily life.In conclusion,this study indicates that patients with SCZ not only exhibited reduced reward motivation in favourable conditions but also dysfunctions of reward motivation adaptation,and such deficits could explain poor functional outcome.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 32071062,82301736).
文摘Schizophrenia exhibits impairments in remembering the past(autobiographical memory,AM)and imagining the future(epi-sodic future thinking,EFT).Childhood trauma is also associated with deficits in AM and EFT.However,it is not clear whether childhood trauma is associated with severer deficits in AM and EFT in schizophrenia.The present study aimed to examine the effect of childhood trauma on AM and EFT in schizophrenia.We recruited 41 schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma(SCZ+CT),19 schizophrenia patients without childhood trauma(SCZ−CT),and 40 healthy controls(HC)to participate in this study.Participants underwent the autobiographical interview task,in which they were required to remember or imagine the most important events that occurred or would occur at different times and describe them.Results showed that SCZ+CT exhibited fewer internal details,and lower specificity,time/place richness,and thought/emotion richness in both AM and EFT compared with HC.Meanwhile,SCZ−CT showed lower time/place richness and thought/emotion richness in AM and EFT than HC.However,no significant difference was found between the two patient groups.In addition,AM showed more internal details and stronger phenomenological characteristics(e.g.,specificity,time/place richness,etc.)than EFT,while EFT was more positive and important than AM in all participants.Both SCZ+CT and SCZ−CT groups exhibited AM and EFT impairments,and the SCZ+CT group had wider impairments than the SCZ−CT group compared with HC,although the direct comparison between SCZ+CT and SCZ−CT did not show significant differences.These results suggest that childhood trauma had a subtle effect on AM and EFT impairments in schizophrenia patients.
基金supported by the Scientific Foundation of Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E2CX3415CX)the Philip K.H.Wong Foundation.
文摘Working memory(WM)training is considered a promising cognitive remediation for psychopathological disorders.Given the shared neural circuits in WM and hedonic processing,as well as the positive findings in schizophrenia patients with anhedonia,we hypothesized that WM training might improve hedonic processing in subclinical individuals.This study investigated the transfer effect of a 10-session WM training on(1)people with social anhedonia and(2)people with subsyndromal depression,relative to the control groups.We evaluated the impact on different dimensions of anhedonia.A total of 152 Chinese university students were enrolled,and the study examined the general improvement of the hedonic training across trait and control groups.Findings showed that WM training improved the engagement of difficult tasks in participants with social anhedonia and the pleasure after paying effort in participants who had WM growth during the training sessions.The transfer effects on reward processing and cost-benefit computations indicated the benefits of WM training effects.Results were limited to subclinical samples within a short-term intervention and might not generalize to clinical samples.In conclusion,our findings suggest that WM training could be a prospective cognitive remediation for alleviating anhedonia,warranting further exploration.
基金supported by grants from Shanghai Jiao Tong University(YG2022ZD026)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81771461,82071545),Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(20Y11906500)+2 种基金Shanghai Clinical Medical Research Center for Psychiatric and Psychological Disorders(19MC1911100)hospital-level research projects of Shanghai Mental Health Center(2020-YJ09,2020-QH-04)Youth Project of Shanghai Health Commission(20224Y0267).
文摘Background Anorexia nervosa(AN)has been characterised as a psychiatric disorder associated with increased control.Currently,it remains difficult to predict treatment response in patients with AN.Their cognitive abilities are known to be resistant to treatment.It has been established that the frontoparietal control network(FPCN)is the direct counterpart of the executive control network.Therefore,the resting-state brain activity of the FPCN may serve as a biomarker to predict treatment response in AN.Aims The study aimed to investigate the association between resting-state functional connectivity(RSFC)of the FPCN,clinical symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Methods In this case-control study,79 female patients with AN and no prior treatment from the Shanghai Mental Health Center and 40 matched healthy controls(HCs)were recruited from January 2015 to March 2022.All participants completed the Questionnaire Versionof the Eating Disorder Examination(version 6.0)to assess the severity of their eating disorder symptoms.Additionally,RSFC data were obtained from all participants at baseline by functional magnetic resonance imaging.Patients with AN underwent routine outpatient treatment at the 4th and 12th week,during which time their clinical symptoms were evaluated using the same measures as at baseline.Results Among the 79 patients,40 completed the 4-week follow-up and 35 completed the 12-week follow-up.The RSFC from the right posterior parietal cortex(PPC)and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(diPFC)increased in 79 patients with AN vs 40 HCs after controlling for depression and anxiety symptoms.By multiple linear regression,the RSFC of the PPC to the inferior frontal gyrus was found to be a significant factor for self-reported eating disorder symptoms at baseline and the treatment response to cognitive preoccupations about eating and body image,after controlling for age,age of onset and body mass index.The RSFC in the dIPFC to the middle temporal gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus may be significant factors in the treatment response to binge eating and loss of control/overeating in patients with AN.Conclusions Alterations in RSFC in the FPCN appear to affect self-reported eating disorder symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Our findings offer new insight into the pathogenesis of AN and could promote early prevention and treatment.
基金supported by the Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Foundation(Grant No.24DTR063)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32371130,32020103008)。
文摘The evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)and its capacity to provide social support may influence fertility decisions from a cost-benefit perspective,as AI companionship could partially compensate for the emotional and instrumental support traditionally derived from offspring.To examine this possibility,we conducted two online experiments using video priming(Study 1)and writing priming(Study 2)to assess whether AI-provided support influences fertility intentions and motivations.Study 1 revealed that participants with more positive attitudes toward situations of interaction with robots reported decreased fertility intentions following exposure to human-robot interaction videos.Meanwhile,Study 2 found that participants with more positive attitudes toward emotional interactions with robots exhibited increased fertility intentions after imagining AI companionship during an illness scenario.We propose that these divergent effects stem from distinct cognitive frameworks:when an AI robot is perceived as a substitute for human support,it may diminish the anticipated benefits of having children,thereby reducing fertility intentions.However,when viewed as a human assistant,an AI robot may lower the perceived costs of childrearing,thus enhancing fertility intentions.These findings provide a novel insight into how humanrobot interactions may influence individuals'desire to have children,potentially contributing to long-term demographic shifts.They also highlight the need for further investigation into AI's role in shaping attitudes toward family formation and social sustainability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32441103,32020103008,32300880,and 32371130)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2025ZD0546202)+1 种基金Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Foundation(24DTR063)Scientific Foundation of the Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E3CX1225 and E2CX1524YZ).
文摘As artificial intelligence(AI)rapidly transforms social interactions,empathy is no longer confined to human-to-human relationships but increasingly involves human-AI connections resembling interpersonal dynamics[1].AI’s ability to recognize human emotions parallels how humans interpret others’feelings[2],while its capacity to generate emotional expressions mirrors how humans convey emotions as empathy targets[3].Building on established models that distinguish empathizer and empathy target roles across affective,cognitive,motivational,and behavioral dimensions[4].
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30270461&697900800)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.1998030503).
文摘Cultural influences on the concept of self is a very important topic for social cognitive neuroscientific exploration,as yet,little if anything is known about this topic at the neural level.The present study investigates this problem by looking at the Chinese culture’s influence on the concept of self,in which the self includes mother.In Western cultures,self-referential processing leads to a memory performance advantage over other forms of semantic processing including mother-referential,other-referential and general semantic processing,and an advantage that is potentially localizable to the medial prefrontal cortex(MPFC).In Chinese culture,however,the behavioral study showed that mother-referential processing was comparable with self-referential processing in both memory per-formance and autonoetic awareness.The present study attempts to address whether similar neural correlates(e.g.MPFC)are acting to facilitate both types of referencing.Participants judged trait ad-jectives under three reference conditions of self,other and semantic processing in Experiment I,and a mother-reference condition replaced the other-reference condition in Experiment II.The results showed that when compared to other,self-referential processing yielded activations of MPFC and cingulate areas.However,when compared to mother,the activation of MPFC disappeared in self-referential processing,which suggests that mother and self may have a common brain region in the MPFC and that the Chinese idea of self includes mother.
基金Raymond C.K.Chan was supported by the Scientific Foundation of the Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E2CX3415CX)the STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0200800)+2 种基金the Philip K.H.Wong Foundationsupported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China Grants(2022ZD0211900,2019YFA0707103,2020AAA0105601)Fangrong Zong was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82371910).
文摘Deficits in schizophrenia are linked to abnormalities in the glutamate(Glu)system,which are believed to result in neurological soft signs(NSS)and negative symptoms.This study investigated the relationship between Glu levels of the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and NSS,particularly sensory integration,in individuals with high and low levels of social anhedonia using 3 Tesla(T)and 7T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS).We recruited 16 participants with high social anhedonia and 18 with low social anhedonia and correlated their NSS scores with ACC Glu levels.While spectral quality metrics differed between field strengths,with 7T showing better spectral resolution and metabolite quantification reliability,both 3T and 7T data showed consistent correlation patterns.Our findings demonstrated that higher ACC Glu levels were associated with poorer sensory integration in high levels of social anhedonia across both field strengths,supported by both Pearson and Spearman rank correlations.Notably,the opposite pattern of association was found in people with low levels of social anhedonia at 7T.The Glu systems may be the common mechanisms for negative symptoms and NSS,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
基金supported by National Social Science Fund of China(21BYY104).
文摘This study examined the language use in Chinese university students with depressive symptoms based on negative and positive memory recall tasks.People with depression used more first-person singular pronouns in the negative memory task and more negative words in both memory tasks.
