The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has sparked much interest in applying nanoscale perovskite materials for photodetection applications.These materials are promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors(...The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has sparked much interest in applying nanoscale perovskite materials for photodetection applications.These materials are promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors(PDs)due to their unique optoelectronic properties and flexible synthesis routes.This review explores the approaches used in the development and use of optoelectronic devices made of different nanoscale perovskite architectures,including quantum dots,nanosheets,nanorods,nanowires,and nanocrystals.Through a thorough analysis of recent literature,the review also addresses common issues like the mechanisms underlying the degradation of perovskite PDs and offers perspectives on potential solutions to improve stability and scalability that impede widespread implementation.In addition,it highlights that photodetection encompasses the detection of light fields in dimensions other than light intensity and suggests potential avenues for future research to overcome these obstacles and fully realize the potential of nanoscale perovskite materials in state-of-the-art photodetection systems.This review provides a comprehensive overview of nanoscale perovskite PDs and guides future research efforts towards improved performance and wider applicability,making it a valuable resource for researchers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative nausea-vomiting(PONV)occurs often after surgery performed under general anesthesia.Liberal fluid treatments are a low-cost and a low sideeffect alternative to pharmacological treatment in the ...BACKGROUND Postoperative nausea-vomiting(PONV)occurs often after surgery performed under general anesthesia.Liberal fluid treatments are a low-cost and a low sideeffect alternative to pharmacological treatment in the prevention of PONV.AIM To compare the effects of perioperative liberal and restrictive fluid therapy on PONV and recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.METHODS A total of 160 patients were randomly allocated to two groups:Liberal fluid treatment group(group L),and restrictive fluid treatment group(group R).Three patients were excluded.Ringer’s lactate infusion was administered intravenously as follows:20 mL/kg/hour to group L,and 4 mL/kg/hour to group R.The primary outcomes were PONV incidence 24 hours postoperatively and the quality of recovery-15 scale at 24 hours postoperatively.RESULTS The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in group L(38.0%)compared with group R(70.5%)(relative risk:0.54,95%confidence interval:0.39-0.74,P<0.001).The quality of recovery-15 scale scores for overall satisfaction were significantly higher in group L compared with group R[137(135-141)vs 135(130-139),P=0.006].CONCLUSION Perioperative liberal fluid therapy reduced the incidence of PONV and improved the quality of postoperative recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.展开更多
Metal halide perovskites exhibit excellent absorption properties,high carrier mobility,and remarkable charge transfer ability,showcasing significant potential as light harvesters in new-generation photovoltaic and opt...Metal halide perovskites exhibit excellent absorption properties,high carrier mobility,and remarkable charge transfer ability,showcasing significant potential as light harvesters in new-generation photovoltaic and optoelectronic technologies.Their development has seen unprecedented growth since their discovery.Similar to metal halide perovskite developments,perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)have demonstrated significant versatility in terms of shape,dimension,bandgap,and optical properties,making them suitable for the development of optoelectronic devices.This review discusses various fabrication methods of PQDs,delves into their degradation mechanisms,and explores strategies for enhancing their performance with their applications in a variety of technological fields.Their elevated surface-to-volume ratio highlights their importance in increasing solar cell efficiency.PQDs are also essential for increasing the performance of perovskite solar cells,photodetectors,and lightemitting diodes,which makes them indispensable for solid-state lighting applications.PQDs'unique optoelectronic characteristics make them suitable for sophisticated sensing applications,giving them greater capabilities in this field.Furthermore,PQDs'resistive switching behavior makes them a good fit for applications in memory devices.PQDs'vast potential also encompasses the fields of quantum optics and communication,especially for uses like nanolasers and polarized light detectors.Even though stability and environmental concerns remain major obstacles,research efforts are being made to actively address these issues,enabling PQDs to obtain their full potential in device applications.Simply put,understanding PQDs'real potential lies in overcoming obstacles and utilizing their inherent qualities.展开更多
In this study, the gamma radiation shielding features of several environmentally friendly materials were investigated. For this purpose, several attenuation parameters, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (l=q), ...In this study, the gamma radiation shielding features of several environmentally friendly materials were investigated. For this purpose, several attenuation parameters, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (l=q), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and effective atomic number (Zeff) were determined experimentally and compared with numerical data obtained using WinXCom software. In the measurements, the emitted gamma photons were counted by a gamma spectrometer equipped with an HPGe detector using 22Na, 54Mn, 57Co, 60Co, 133Ba, and 137Cs radioactive point sources in the energy region of 81–1333 keV. The obtained results indicate that the l=q and RPE values of the samples decrease with an increase in photon energy. The experimental values are in good agreement with those obtained using WinXCom software. The RPE and Zeff results show that among the studied materials, the NaY0.77Yb0.20Er0.03F4 sample has the best gamma radiation shielding effectiveness.展开更多
Technology-based interventions are thought to be one of the innovative alternatives for improving the psychosocial health of adolescent survivors.This article outlines an example of technology-based psychosocial inter...Technology-based interventions are thought to be one of the innovative alternatives for improving the psychosocial health of adolescent survivors.This article outlines an example of technology-based psychosocial intervention for adolescent survivors of leukemia.This technology-based psychosocial support intervention consists of five separate modules related to personal development,coping skills,and a healthy lifestyle.intervention can be applied to adolescents(aged 12-18 years)who have completed leukemia treatment at least 2 years ago and are disease free.Psychosocial interventions are crucial to improving adolescent survivors’psychosocial well-being in long-term follow-up.It is thought that psychosocial interventions can be effective on survivors’self-efficacy,coping skills,and quality of life,and survivors will be satisfied with the program.Regarding the model of childhood cancer survivorship care,this intervention can be integrated into the follow-up program and guide pediatric oncology nurses in preparing support programs for adolescent survivors.展开更多
The relativistic Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation in the presence of Hulthen potential in （1 ＋2） dimensions for spin-one particles is studied. Hence, the asymptotic iteration method is used for obtaining energy eigenv...The relativistic Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation in the presence of Hulthen potential in （1 ＋2） dimensions for spin-one particles is studied. Hence, the asymptotic iteration method is used for obtaining energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions.展开更多
In this research,un-doped CeO_(2) and Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)MO_(0.05)O_(2)(M:Sm,Er,Y) compounds were synthesized by hydrothermal method and the multi-functional properties are reported.Oxygen defects were created with the...In this research,un-doped CeO_(2) and Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)MO_(0.05)O_(2)(M:Sm,Er,Y) compounds were synthesized by hydrothermal method and the multi-functional properties are reported.Oxygen defects were created with the additives of rare earth ions.The electrical and luminescence behaviors of the synthesized compounds were investigated in accord with the types of additives.The synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) measurement,UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic(EIS).All synthesized compounds are found to be nano-structured and have cubic phase.The total conductivity of all samples was calculated.Hence,the total conductivity of un-doped CeO_(2),Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Y_(0.05)O_(2),Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Er_(0.05)O_(2) and Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Sm_(0.05)O_(2) is found to be 2.07×10^(-10),5.70×10^(-4),1.0×10^(-3) and 0.0747 S/cm,respectively.Also,bandgap energy(E_(g)) of these samples calculated from UV visible absorption spectra is discussed,and the optical results show variation between 3.2 and 2.15 eV.Additionally,the luminescence properties of the compounds were investigated and different emissions occur depending on the additive type.Accordingly,photoluminescent emission spectra of Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Y_(0.05)O_(2),Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Er_(0.05)O_(2) and Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Sm_(0.05)O_(2) phosphors indicate that these phosphors have red,green and orange-red colors,respectively.展开更多
Glass fibre reinforced concrete placement technique generates losses due to rebound effects of the already sprayed concrete particles.Rebounded concrete amount cause a significant difference between the initial mix de...Glass fibre reinforced concrete placement technique generates losses due to rebound effects of the already sprayed concrete particles.Rebounded concrete amount cause a significant difference between the initial mix design and emplaced mix compositions.Apart from the structural differences,it comes with a cost increase which was resulted by the splashed concrete amount.Many factors such as viscosity and quantity of mixes dominate this rebound amount in sprayed glass fibre reinforced concrete applications depending on production technologies and processes;however,this research focuses on the spray distance and the angle of the spray gun which mainly effects the rebound amount in glass fibre reinforced concrete production.This paper aims to understand the required angle and distance for glass fibre reinforced concrete mixes having on-site plastic viscosity values.Glass fibre reinforced mixtures were also modelled with a finite element method based software and,the analysis results were compared with production line results.Results of the analysis and on-site studies showed a decisive correlation between,discharge distance,discharge angle and the viscosity of the concrete.展开更多
This research was performed to investigate the optimization of copper recovery from copper smelting slag(CSS)with a deep eutectic solvent as a green reagent.The effect of important parameters on the leaching efficienc...This research was performed to investigate the optimization of copper recovery from copper smelting slag(CSS)with a deep eutectic solvent as a green reagent.The effect of important parameters on the leaching efficiency of copper and zinc(as well as dissolution of iron),such as leaching time,leaching temperature,solid/liquid ratio,and particle size was studied.In order to model the copper recovery,an optimization method was used.According to the chemical analysis of CSS,the slag contains 0.9%copper,3.3%zinc,and 36.7%iron.Also,it was found that the CSS is mainly composed of Fe2SiO4,Fe3O4 and SiO2.Copper-containing structures were determined as CuO and CuS.As a result of leaching experiments,80%copper and 61%zinc recoveries were obtained at 48 h,95℃,1/25 g·ml^(-1),and-33 mm.It is noted that the iron and silicon dissolution remained negligible under the selected conditions.According to the mathematical model,the highest copper leaching efficiency(up to 100%)could be under optimum working conditions as 48.5℃leaching temperature,40.1 h leaching duration,and 62.3 ml·g^(-1)solid/liquid ratio.Also,the proposed model revealed that a wide range of experimental levels can be used as leaching parameter to get desired metal leaching efficiency.展开更多
Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most widely studied real world problems of finding the shortest (minimum cost) possible route that visits each node in a given set of nodes (cities) once and then returns...Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most widely studied real world problems of finding the shortest (minimum cost) possible route that visits each node in a given set of nodes (cities) once and then returns to origin city. The optimization of cuboid areas has potential samples that can be adapted to real world. Cuboid surfaces of buildings, rooms, furniture etc. can be given as examples. Many optimization algorithms have been used in solution of optimization problems at present. Among them, meta-heuristic algorithms come first. In this study, ant colony optimization, one of meta-heuristic methods, is applied to solve Euclidian TSP consisting of nine different sized sets of nodes randomly placed on a cuboid surface. The performance of this method is shown in tests.展开更多
It is very important to determine the daily horizontal global,diffuse and beam irradiations correctly in planning energy systems,in cost analysis,in the atmosphere,and in the productivity evaluations.Besides,the knowl...It is very important to determine the daily horizontal global,diffuse and beam irradiations correctly in planning energy systems,in cost analysis,in the atmosphere,and in the productivity evaluations.Besides,the knowledge of accurate solar irradiation is the most important component of the essential climate variables according to the Global Climate Observing System(GCOS)in August 2010.It is known that the changes of these irradiation parameters directly affect our atmosphere and cloud formation processes.Turkey is one of the countries,which has high solar energy potential by reason of its climatic and regional factors.Especially,Konya and Karaman regions(in Central Anatolia Region)are seen as the most efficient area in where the solar energy systems will be processed.Because of this reason that region has been designated as an Energy Specialized Industrial Zone(ESIZ)in Turkey.Solar energy inputs must carefully be determined in this region where the systems will be installed with respect to the climate and energy efficiency.In this work aims to understand the components of daily solar irradiation on a horizontal surface in selected region are analyzed by using the HELIOSAT method by setting satellite images.Results have been determined by comparing with ground measured data and method were analyzed by using statistical errors.According to the seven-year data,the accuracy of the daily global and diffuse solar irradiations estimation was found acceptable levels.Nevertheless,the estimated results reveal that this method can easily be adapted to any point in the world resembles with the Central Anatolia Region climate type.Especially,the obtained results are significant for the simulation studies such as solar PV power plants performance,payback time,and cost of energy analysis.Also,these results can be used to increase the performance of the solar energy system and to determine long-term a road map for climate change studies.展开更多
Studying with the asymptotic iteration method, we present approximate solutions of the Dirac equation for the Eckart potential in the case of position-dependent mass. The centrifugal term is approximated by an exponen...Studying with the asymptotic iteration method, we present approximate solutions of the Dirac equation for the Eckart potential in the case of position-dependent mass. The centrifugal term is approximated by an exponential form, and the relativistic energy spectrum and the normalized eigenfunctions are obtained explicitly.展开更多
Development of novel materials with desirable properties remains at the forefront of modern scientific research.Machine learning(ML),a branch of artificial intelligence,has recently emerged as a powerful technology in...Development of novel materials with desirable properties remains at the forefront of modern scientific research.Machine learning(ML),a branch of artificial intelligence,has recently emerged as a powerful technology in optoelectronic devices for the prediction of various properties and rational design of materials.Metal halide perovskites(MHPs)have been at the centre of attraction owing to their outstanding photophysical properties and rapid development in solar cell application.Therefore,the application of ML in the field of MHPs is also getting much attention to optimize the fabrication process and reduce the cost of processing.Here,we comprehensively reviewed different applications of ML in the designing of both MHP absorber layers as well as complete perovskite solar cells(PSCs).At the end,the challenges of ML along with the possible future direction of research are discussed.We believe that this review becomes an indispensable roadmap for optimizing materials composition and predicting design strategies in the field of perovskite technology in the future.展开更多
Over the past 10 years,perovskite solar cell(PSC)device technologies have advanced remarkably and exhibited a notable increase in efficiency.Additionally,significant innovation approaches have improved the stability r...Over the past 10 years,perovskite solar cell(PSC)device technologies have advanced remarkably and exhibited a notable increase in efficiency.Additionally,significant innovation approaches have improved the stability related to heat,light,and moisture of PSC devices.Despite these developments in PSCs,the instability of PSCs is a pressing problem and an urgent matter to overcome for practical application.Recently,polymers have been suggested suggestion has been presented to solve the instability issues of PSCs and increase the photovoltaic parameters of devices.Here,first,the fundamental chemical bond types of self-healing polymers are presented.Then,a comprehensive presentation of the ability of self-healing polymers in rigid and flexible PSCs to enhance the various physical,mechanical,and optoelectronic properties is presented.Furthermore,valuable insights and innovative solutions for perovskite-based optoelectronics with self-healing polymers are provided,offering guidance for future optoelectronic applications.展开更多
Steel dome structures,with their striking structural forms,take a place among the impressive and aesthetic load bearing systems featuring large internal spaces without internal columns.In this paper,the seismic design...Steel dome structures,with their striking structural forms,take a place among the impressive and aesthetic load bearing systems featuring large internal spaces without internal columns.In this paper,the seismic design optimization of spatial steel dome structures is achieved through three recent metaheuristic algorithms that are water strider(WS),grey wolf(GW),and brain storm optimization(BSO).The structural elements of the domes are treated as design variables collected in member groups.The structural stress and stability limitations are enforced by ASD-AISC provisions.Also,the displacement restrictions are considered in design procedure.The metaheuristic algorithms are encoded in MATLAB interacting with SAP2000 for gathering structural reactions through open application programming interface(OAPI).The optimum spatial steel dome designs achieved by proposed WS,GW,and BSO algorithms are compared with respect to solution accuracy,convergence rates,and reliability,utilizing three real-size design examples for considering both the previously reported optimum design results obtained by classical metaheuristic algorithms and a gradient descent-based hyperband optimization(HBO)algorithm.展开更多
Empirical interatomic potentials require optimization of force field parameters to tune interatomic interactions to mimic ones obtained by quantum chemistry-based methods.The optimization of the parameters is complex ...Empirical interatomic potentials require optimization of force field parameters to tune interatomic interactions to mimic ones obtained by quantum chemistry-based methods.The optimization of the parameters is complex and requires the development of new techniques.Here,we propose an INitial-DEsign Enhanced Deep learning-based OPTimization(INDEEDopt)framework to accelerate and improve the quality of the ReaxFF parameterization.The procedure starts with a Latin Hypercube Design(LHD)algorithm that is used to explore the parameter landscape extensively.The LHD passes the information about explored regions to a deep learning model,which finds the minimum discrepancy regions and eliminates unfeasible regions,and constructs a more comprehensive understanding of physically meaningful parameter space.We demonstrate the procedure here for the parameterization of a nickel–chromium binary force field and a tungsten–sulfide–carbon–oxygen–hydrogen quinary force field.We show that INDEEDopt produces improved accuracies in shorter development time compared to the conventional optimization method.展开更多
Reproducible wafer-scale growth of two-dimensional(2D)materials using the Chemical Vapor Deposition(CVD)process with precise control over their properties is challenging due to a lack of understanding of the growth me...Reproducible wafer-scale growth of two-dimensional(2D)materials using the Chemical Vapor Deposition(CVD)process with precise control over their properties is challenging due to a lack of understanding of the growth mechanisms spanning over several length scales and sensitivity of the synthesis to subtle changes in growth conditions.A multiscale computational framework coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD),Phase-Field(PF),and reactive Molecular Dynamics(MD)was developed–called the CPM model–and experimentally verified.Correlation between theoretical predictions and thorough experimental measurements for a Metal-Organic CVD(MOCVD)-grown WSe_(2)model material revealed the full power of this computational approach.Large-area uniform 2D materials are synthesized via MOCVD,guided by computational analyses.The developed computational framework provides the foundation for guiding the synthesis of wafer-scale 2D materials with precise control over the coverage,morphology,and properties,a critical capability for fabricating electronic,optoelectronic,and quantum computing devices.展开更多
Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)continue to attract interest due to their potential applications in biomedicine,especially in relation to their antibacterial and anticancer properties.In this respect,it is important to dev...Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)continue to attract interest due to their potential applications in biomedicine,especially in relation to their antibacterial and anticancer properties.In this respect,it is important to develop biosynthesis techniques that are environmentally friendly and include new sources.This is the first report on microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Erica manipuliflora Salisb.(E.m AgNPs).In this study,the anti-cancer and antibacterial activity of E.m AgNPs and E.manipuliflora extracts were evaluated.Characterization of E.m AgNPs were performed using UV–Vis spectroscopy FT-IR,XRD,SEM and TEM analyses.The UV–Vis absorption spectrum showed the characteristic peak of E.m AgNPs atλmax=425 nm.The SEM and TEM results indicated that the nanoparticles were spherical and ranged in size from 2.45 to 9.95 nm.The antibacterial results,it was determined that E.m AgNPs(50 mg mL^(−1))(8.4–21.1 mm ZOI)caused more effective inhibition on both gram positive(Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis)and gram negative(Escherichia coli)bacteria compared to all plant extracts(50 mg mL^(−1))(8.13–17.16 mm ZOI).Among the cancer(MCF-7 and HT-29)and healthy(HaCaT and HEK-293)cell lines,E.m AgNPs exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells(IC50:87.22μg mL^(−1)).The hexane extract was the most effective inhibitory extract on cell proliferation of all cell lines and showed the highest cell inhibition in MCF-7 cells(IC50:43.06μg mL^(−1)).The results revealed that both E.m AgNPs and E.manipuliflora extracts showed promising antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterial strains and had potential anticancer activity.展开更多
Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a promising technology to harvest electrical energy from natural motions such as human movement,wind,and water flow.Although TENGs show significant potential in small...Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a promising technology to harvest electrical energy from natural motions such as human movement,wind,and water flow.Although TENGs show significant potential in small-scale applications,developing large-scale TENGs capable of generating high power remains a significant challenge.Several factors that can affect the performance of large-scale TENGs are being investigated to overcome this challenge,including the size and configuration of dielectric materials.This study optimizes dielectrics regarding surface area,thickness,and multicell configuration to improve harvested electrical power density in large-scale TENGs.In the studies,glass fiber was used as the positive dielectric,and multipurpose white silicone was used as the negative dielectric because of their high tribo-potential,durability,and easy accessibility.In the size optimization phase,dielectric thicknesses and surface areas that provide the maximum power density were determined.Subsequently,horizontal and vertical multicell configurations were examined to efficiently integrate size-optimized dielectrics.The results reveal that large-scale TENGs with vertical multicell configurations can achieve high and usable energy density for electronics.The findings provide valuable insight into the development of large-scale TENGs with advanced power generation capabilities.展开更多
In this paper, we obtain （non-commutative） GrSbner-Shirshov bases for rect- angular bands, small extensions of semigroups and Bruck-Reilly extensions of monoids in terms of the general product.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.RS-2022–00165798)Anhui Natural Science Foundation(No.2308085MF211)The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Research Project under Grant Number(R.G.P.2/491/45).
文摘The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has sparked much interest in applying nanoscale perovskite materials for photodetection applications.These materials are promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors(PDs)due to their unique optoelectronic properties and flexible synthesis routes.This review explores the approaches used in the development and use of optoelectronic devices made of different nanoscale perovskite architectures,including quantum dots,nanosheets,nanorods,nanowires,and nanocrystals.Through a thorough analysis of recent literature,the review also addresses common issues like the mechanisms underlying the degradation of perovskite PDs and offers perspectives on potential solutions to improve stability and scalability that impede widespread implementation.In addition,it highlights that photodetection encompasses the detection of light fields in dimensions other than light intensity and suggests potential avenues for future research to overcome these obstacles and fully realize the potential of nanoscale perovskite materials in state-of-the-art photodetection systems.This review provides a comprehensive overview of nanoscale perovskite PDs and guides future research efforts towards improved performance and wider applicability,making it a valuable resource for researchers.
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative nausea-vomiting(PONV)occurs often after surgery performed under general anesthesia.Liberal fluid treatments are a low-cost and a low sideeffect alternative to pharmacological treatment in the prevention of PONV.AIM To compare the effects of perioperative liberal and restrictive fluid therapy on PONV and recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.METHODS A total of 160 patients were randomly allocated to two groups:Liberal fluid treatment group(group L),and restrictive fluid treatment group(group R).Three patients were excluded.Ringer’s lactate infusion was administered intravenously as follows:20 mL/kg/hour to group L,and 4 mL/kg/hour to group R.The primary outcomes were PONV incidence 24 hours postoperatively and the quality of recovery-15 scale at 24 hours postoperatively.RESULTS The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in group L(38.0%)compared with group R(70.5%)(relative risk:0.54,95%confidence interval:0.39-0.74,P<0.001).The quality of recovery-15 scale scores for overall satisfaction were significantly higher in group L compared with group R[137(135-141)vs 135(130-139),P=0.006].CONCLUSION Perioperative liberal fluid therapy reduced the incidence of PONV and improved the quality of postoperative recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(no.RS-2022-00165798)。
文摘Metal halide perovskites exhibit excellent absorption properties,high carrier mobility,and remarkable charge transfer ability,showcasing significant potential as light harvesters in new-generation photovoltaic and optoelectronic technologies.Their development has seen unprecedented growth since their discovery.Similar to metal halide perovskite developments,perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)have demonstrated significant versatility in terms of shape,dimension,bandgap,and optical properties,making them suitable for the development of optoelectronic devices.This review discusses various fabrication methods of PQDs,delves into their degradation mechanisms,and explores strategies for enhancing their performance with their applications in a variety of technological fields.Their elevated surface-to-volume ratio highlights their importance in increasing solar cell efficiency.PQDs are also essential for increasing the performance of perovskite solar cells,photodetectors,and lightemitting diodes,which makes them indispensable for solid-state lighting applications.PQDs'unique optoelectronic characteristics make them suitable for sophisticated sensing applications,giving them greater capabilities in this field.Furthermore,PQDs'resistive switching behavior makes them a good fit for applications in memory devices.PQDs'vast potential also encompasses the fields of quantum optics and communication,especially for uses like nanolasers and polarized light detectors.Even though stability and environmental concerns remain major obstacles,research efforts are being made to actively address these issues,enabling PQDs to obtain their full potential in device applications.Simply put,understanding PQDs'real potential lies in overcoming obstacles and utilizing their inherent qualities.
文摘In this study, the gamma radiation shielding features of several environmentally friendly materials were investigated. For this purpose, several attenuation parameters, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (l=q), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and effective atomic number (Zeff) were determined experimentally and compared with numerical data obtained using WinXCom software. In the measurements, the emitted gamma photons were counted by a gamma spectrometer equipped with an HPGe detector using 22Na, 54Mn, 57Co, 60Co, 133Ba, and 137Cs radioactive point sources in the energy region of 81–1333 keV. The obtained results indicate that the l=q and RPE values of the samples decrease with an increase in photon energy. The experimental values are in good agreement with those obtained using WinXCom software. The RPE and Zeff results show that among the studied materials, the NaY0.77Yb0.20Er0.03F4 sample has the best gamma radiation shielding effectiveness.
文摘Technology-based interventions are thought to be one of the innovative alternatives for improving the psychosocial health of adolescent survivors.This article outlines an example of technology-based psychosocial intervention for adolescent survivors of leukemia.This technology-based psychosocial support intervention consists of five separate modules related to personal development,coping skills,and a healthy lifestyle.intervention can be applied to adolescents(aged 12-18 years)who have completed leukemia treatment at least 2 years ago and are disease free.Psychosocial interventions are crucial to improving adolescent survivors’psychosocial well-being in long-term follow-up.It is thought that psychosocial interventions can be effective on survivors’self-efficacy,coping skills,and quality of life,and survivors will be satisfied with the program.Regarding the model of childhood cancer survivorship care,this intervention can be integrated into the follow-up program and guide pediatric oncology nurses in preparing support programs for adolescent survivors.
文摘The relativistic Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation in the presence of Hulthen potential in （1 ＋2） dimensions for spin-one particles is studied. Hence, the asymptotic iteration method is used for obtaining energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions.
基金the financial support provided by Kahramanmaras Istiklal UniversityKahramanmaras Süt?ü Imam University (2019/5-7 YLS)。
文摘In this research,un-doped CeO_(2) and Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)MO_(0.05)O_(2)(M:Sm,Er,Y) compounds were synthesized by hydrothermal method and the multi-functional properties are reported.Oxygen defects were created with the additives of rare earth ions.The electrical and luminescence behaviors of the synthesized compounds were investigated in accord with the types of additives.The synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) measurement,UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic(EIS).All synthesized compounds are found to be nano-structured and have cubic phase.The total conductivity of all samples was calculated.Hence,the total conductivity of un-doped CeO_(2),Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Y_(0.05)O_(2),Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Er_(0.05)O_(2) and Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Sm_(0.05)O_(2) is found to be 2.07×10^(-10),5.70×10^(-4),1.0×10^(-3) and 0.0747 S/cm,respectively.Also,bandgap energy(E_(g)) of these samples calculated from UV visible absorption spectra is discussed,and the optical results show variation between 3.2 and 2.15 eV.Additionally,the luminescence properties of the compounds were investigated and different emissions occur depending on the additive type.Accordingly,photoluminescent emission spectra of Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Y_(0.05)O_(2),Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Er_(0.05)O_(2) and Ce_(0.85)La_(0.10)Sm_(0.05)O_(2) phosphors indicate that these phosphors have red,green and orange-red colors,respectively.
文摘Glass fibre reinforced concrete placement technique generates losses due to rebound effects of the already sprayed concrete particles.Rebounded concrete amount cause a significant difference between the initial mix design and emplaced mix compositions.Apart from the structural differences,it comes with a cost increase which was resulted by the splashed concrete amount.Many factors such as viscosity and quantity of mixes dominate this rebound amount in sprayed glass fibre reinforced concrete applications depending on production technologies and processes;however,this research focuses on the spray distance and the angle of the spray gun which mainly effects the rebound amount in glass fibre reinforced concrete production.This paper aims to understand the required angle and distance for glass fibre reinforced concrete mixes having on-site plastic viscosity values.Glass fibre reinforced mixtures were also modelled with a finite element method based software and,the analysis results were compared with production line results.Results of the analysis and on-site studies showed a decisive correlation between,discharge distance,discharge angle and the viscosity of the concrete.
基金the Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects(BAP)Coordinating Office for support with grant number KMU-BAP-17-M-18.
文摘This research was performed to investigate the optimization of copper recovery from copper smelting slag(CSS)with a deep eutectic solvent as a green reagent.The effect of important parameters on the leaching efficiency of copper and zinc(as well as dissolution of iron),such as leaching time,leaching temperature,solid/liquid ratio,and particle size was studied.In order to model the copper recovery,an optimization method was used.According to the chemical analysis of CSS,the slag contains 0.9%copper,3.3%zinc,and 36.7%iron.Also,it was found that the CSS is mainly composed of Fe2SiO4,Fe3O4 and SiO2.Copper-containing structures were determined as CuO and CuS.As a result of leaching experiments,80%copper and 61%zinc recoveries were obtained at 48 h,95℃,1/25 g·ml^(-1),and-33 mm.It is noted that the iron and silicon dissolution remained negligible under the selected conditions.According to the mathematical model,the highest copper leaching efficiency(up to 100%)could be under optimum working conditions as 48.5℃leaching temperature,40.1 h leaching duration,and 62.3 ml·g^(-1)solid/liquid ratio.Also,the proposed model revealed that a wide range of experimental levels can be used as leaching parameter to get desired metal leaching efficiency.
文摘Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most widely studied real world problems of finding the shortest (minimum cost) possible route that visits each node in a given set of nodes (cities) once and then returns to origin city. The optimization of cuboid areas has potential samples that can be adapted to real world. Cuboid surfaces of buildings, rooms, furniture etc. can be given as examples. Many optimization algorithms have been used in solution of optimization problems at present. Among them, meta-heuristic algorithms come first. In this study, ant colony optimization, one of meta-heuristic methods, is applied to solve Euclidian TSP consisting of nine different sized sets of nodes randomly placed on a cuboid surface. The performance of this method is shown in tests.
文摘It is very important to determine the daily horizontal global,diffuse and beam irradiations correctly in planning energy systems,in cost analysis,in the atmosphere,and in the productivity evaluations.Besides,the knowledge of accurate solar irradiation is the most important component of the essential climate variables according to the Global Climate Observing System(GCOS)in August 2010.It is known that the changes of these irradiation parameters directly affect our atmosphere and cloud formation processes.Turkey is one of the countries,which has high solar energy potential by reason of its climatic and regional factors.Especially,Konya and Karaman regions(in Central Anatolia Region)are seen as the most efficient area in where the solar energy systems will be processed.Because of this reason that region has been designated as an Energy Specialized Industrial Zone(ESIZ)in Turkey.Solar energy inputs must carefully be determined in this region where the systems will be installed with respect to the climate and energy efficiency.In this work aims to understand the components of daily solar irradiation on a horizontal surface in selected region are analyzed by using the HELIOSAT method by setting satellite images.Results have been determined by comparing with ground measured data and method were analyzed by using statistical errors.According to the seven-year data,the accuracy of the daily global and diffuse solar irradiations estimation was found acceptable levels.Nevertheless,the estimated results reveal that this method can easily be adapted to any point in the world resembles with the Central Anatolia Region climate type.Especially,the obtained results are significant for the simulation studies such as solar PV power plants performance,payback time,and cost of energy analysis.Also,these results can be used to increase the performance of the solar energy system and to determine long-term a road map for climate change studies.
基金Project supported by Erciyes University-FBA-09-999
文摘Studying with the asymptotic iteration method, we present approximate solutions of the Dirac equation for the Eckart potential in the case of position-dependent mass. The centrifugal term is approximated by an exponential form, and the relativistic energy spectrum and the normalized eigenfunctions are obtained explicitly.
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through research groups program under grant number RGP2/86/42the ORSP of Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University for financial support+1 种基金the financial support from DST SERB(CRG/2018/000714)DST Nano Mission(DST/NM/NT/2018/174)。
文摘Development of novel materials with desirable properties remains at the forefront of modern scientific research.Machine learning(ML),a branch of artificial intelligence,has recently emerged as a powerful technology in optoelectronic devices for the prediction of various properties and rational design of materials.Metal halide perovskites(MHPs)have been at the centre of attraction owing to their outstanding photophysical properties and rapid development in solar cell application.Therefore,the application of ML in the field of MHPs is also getting much attention to optimize the fabrication process and reduce the cost of processing.Here,we comprehensively reviewed different applications of ML in the designing of both MHP absorber layers as well as complete perovskite solar cells(PSCs).At the end,the challenges of ML along with the possible future direction of research are discussed.We believe that this review becomes an indispensable roadmap for optimizing materials composition and predicting design strategies in the field of perovskite technology in the future.
基金Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Research Project under grant number(R.G.P.2/491/45).
文摘Over the past 10 years,perovskite solar cell(PSC)device technologies have advanced remarkably and exhibited a notable increase in efficiency.Additionally,significant innovation approaches have improved the stability related to heat,light,and moisture of PSC devices.Despite these developments in PSCs,the instability of PSCs is a pressing problem and an urgent matter to overcome for practical application.Recently,polymers have been suggested suggestion has been presented to solve the instability issues of PSCs and increase the photovoltaic parameters of devices.Here,first,the fundamental chemical bond types of self-healing polymers are presented.Then,a comprehensive presentation of the ability of self-healing polymers in rigid and flexible PSCs to enhance the various physical,mechanical,and optoelectronic properties is presented.Furthermore,valuable insights and innovative solutions for perovskite-based optoelectronics with self-healing polymers are provided,offering guidance for future optoelectronic applications.
文摘Steel dome structures,with their striking structural forms,take a place among the impressive and aesthetic load bearing systems featuring large internal spaces without internal columns.In this paper,the seismic design optimization of spatial steel dome structures is achieved through three recent metaheuristic algorithms that are water strider(WS),grey wolf(GW),and brain storm optimization(BSO).The structural elements of the domes are treated as design variables collected in member groups.The structural stress and stability limitations are enforced by ASD-AISC provisions.Also,the displacement restrictions are considered in design procedure.The metaheuristic algorithms are encoded in MATLAB interacting with SAP2000 for gathering structural reactions through open application programming interface(OAPI).The optimum spatial steel dome designs achieved by proposed WS,GW,and BSO algorithms are compared with respect to solution accuracy,convergence rates,and reliability,utilizing three real-size design examples for considering both the previously reported optimum design results obtained by classical metaheuristic algorithms and a gradient descent-based hyperband optimization(HBO)algorithm.
基金The authors acknowledge partial funding support from U.S.National Science Foundation under Award No.DMR-1842922,DMR-1842952,DMR-1539916,and MRI-1626251.
文摘Empirical interatomic potentials require optimization of force field parameters to tune interatomic interactions to mimic ones obtained by quantum chemistry-based methods.The optimization of the parameters is complex and requires the development of new techniques.Here,we propose an INitial-DEsign Enhanced Deep learning-based OPTimization(INDEEDopt)framework to accelerate and improve the quality of the ReaxFF parameterization.The procedure starts with a Latin Hypercube Design(LHD)algorithm that is used to explore the parameter landscape extensively.The LHD passes the information about explored regions to a deep learning model,which finds the minimum discrepancy regions and eliminates unfeasible regions,and constructs a more comprehensive understanding of physically meaningful parameter space.We demonstrate the procedure here for the parameterization of a nickel–chromium binary force field and a tungsten–sulfide–carbon–oxygen–hydrogen quinary force field.We show that INDEEDopt produces improved accuracies in shorter development time compared to the conventional optimization method.
基金This project is partly supported by the University of Alabama,the NSF-CAREER under the NSF cooperative agreement CBET-20426832D Crystal Consortium–Material Innovation Platform(2DCC-MIP)under NSF cooperative agreements DMR-1539916 and DMR-2039351+1 种基金the I/UCRC Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings(ATOMIC)seed project SP001-17Y.Z.J.and L.Q.C.also acknowledge the generous support by the Hamer Foundation through a Hamer Professorship.
文摘Reproducible wafer-scale growth of two-dimensional(2D)materials using the Chemical Vapor Deposition(CVD)process with precise control over their properties is challenging due to a lack of understanding of the growth mechanisms spanning over several length scales and sensitivity of the synthesis to subtle changes in growth conditions.A multiscale computational framework coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD),Phase-Field(PF),and reactive Molecular Dynamics(MD)was developed–called the CPM model–and experimentally verified.Correlation between theoretical predictions and thorough experimental measurements for a Metal-Organic CVD(MOCVD)-grown WSe_(2)model material revealed the full power of this computational approach.Large-area uniform 2D materials are synthesized via MOCVD,guided by computational analyses.The developed computational framework provides the foundation for guiding the synthesis of wafer-scale 2D materials with precise control over the coverage,morphology,and properties,a critical capability for fabricating electronic,optoelectronic,and quantum computing devices.
文摘Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)continue to attract interest due to their potential applications in biomedicine,especially in relation to their antibacterial and anticancer properties.In this respect,it is important to develop biosynthesis techniques that are environmentally friendly and include new sources.This is the first report on microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Erica manipuliflora Salisb.(E.m AgNPs).In this study,the anti-cancer and antibacterial activity of E.m AgNPs and E.manipuliflora extracts were evaluated.Characterization of E.m AgNPs were performed using UV–Vis spectroscopy FT-IR,XRD,SEM and TEM analyses.The UV–Vis absorption spectrum showed the characteristic peak of E.m AgNPs atλmax=425 nm.The SEM and TEM results indicated that the nanoparticles were spherical and ranged in size from 2.45 to 9.95 nm.The antibacterial results,it was determined that E.m AgNPs(50 mg mL^(−1))(8.4–21.1 mm ZOI)caused more effective inhibition on both gram positive(Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis)and gram negative(Escherichia coli)bacteria compared to all plant extracts(50 mg mL^(−1))(8.13–17.16 mm ZOI).Among the cancer(MCF-7 and HT-29)and healthy(HaCaT and HEK-293)cell lines,E.m AgNPs exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells(IC50:87.22μg mL^(−1)).The hexane extract was the most effective inhibitory extract on cell proliferation of all cell lines and showed the highest cell inhibition in MCF-7 cells(IC50:43.06μg mL^(−1)).The results revealed that both E.m AgNPs and E.manipuliflora extracts showed promising antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterial strains and had potential anticancer activity.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(TUBITAK)under project number 121M608.
文摘Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a promising technology to harvest electrical energy from natural motions such as human movement,wind,and water flow.Although TENGs show significant potential in small-scale applications,developing large-scale TENGs capable of generating high power remains a significant challenge.Several factors that can affect the performance of large-scale TENGs are being investigated to overcome this challenge,including the size and configuration of dielectric materials.This study optimizes dielectrics regarding surface area,thickness,and multicell configuration to improve harvested electrical power density in large-scale TENGs.In the studies,glass fiber was used as the positive dielectric,and multipurpose white silicone was used as the negative dielectric because of their high tribo-potential,durability,and easy accessibility.In the size optimization phase,dielectric thicknesses and surface areas that provide the maximum power density were determined.Subsequently,horizontal and vertical multicell configurations were examined to efficiently integrate size-optimized dielectrics.The results reveal that large-scale TENGs with vertical multicell configurations can achieve high and usable energy density for electronics.The findings provide valuable insight into the development of large-scale TENGs with advanced power generation capabilities.
文摘In this paper, we obtain （non-commutative） GrSbner-Shirshov bases for rect- angular bands, small extensions of semigroups and Bruck-Reilly extensions of monoids in terms of the general product.
