As the steel industry expands worldwide,slag dumps with transition metals(especially chromium and vanadium)are becoming more common,posing a serious environmental threat.Understanding the properties of slags containin...As the steel industry expands worldwide,slag dumps with transition metals(especially chromium and vanadium)are becoming more common,posing a serious environmental threat.Understanding the properties of slags containing transition metal oxides,as well as how to use the slags to recover and recycle metal values,is critical.Toward this end,the University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)and Royal Institute of Technology(KTH)have been collaborating on slags containing transition metals for decades.The research was carried out from a fundamental viewpoint to get a better understanding of the structure of these slags and their properties,as well as industrial practices.The research focused on the three“R”s,viz.retention,recovery,and recycling.The present paper attempts to highlight some of the important achievements in these joint studies.展开更多
要:针对当前云制造平台与企业协同调度问题研究不足,以及缺乏相关仿真系统对调度策略组合进行可视化仿真等问题,设计并开发了一个支持云制造平台-企业协同调度动态过程可视化的仿真系统。分析了系统多方面需求,提出了一个基于层次型多...要:针对当前云制造平台与企业协同调度问题研究不足,以及缺乏相关仿真系统对调度策略组合进行可视化仿真等问题,设计并开发了一个支持云制造平台-企业协同调度动态过程可视化的仿真系统。分析了系统多方面需求,提出了一个基于层次型多智能体的可扩展的平台-企业协同调度模型及系统功能架构;结合工业机器人供应链案例,考虑云制造平台层随机选择、时间最优策略以及企业层FIFO(first in first out)、SPT(shortest processing time)、EDD(earliest due date)等策略组合,构建了平台-企业协同调度仿真模型。基于Anylogic进行了系统实现,并通过多组策略组合与用例开展了仿真实验。结果表明:该系统具有制造场景可扩展、仿真过程可视化等功能特点,同时能够对平台层和企业层调度策略组合的性能进行仿真、测试及优化,从而为云制造平台-企业协同调度策略提供了一个仿真环境和验证平台。展开更多
With the emergence of general foundational models,such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT),researchers have shown considerable interest in the potential applications of foundation models in the process...With the emergence of general foundational models,such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT),researchers have shown considerable interest in the potential applications of foundation models in the process industry.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities presented by the use of foundation models in the process industry,including the frameworks,core applications,and future prospects.First,this paper proposes a framework for foundation models for the process industry.Second,it summarizes the key capabilities of industrial foundation models and their practical applications.Finally,it highlights future research directions and identifies unresolved open issues related to the use of foundation models in the process industry.展开更多
In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been studied.The ...In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been studied.The microstructure and solidification kinetics of the two as-cast grades were in situ observed by high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM).There are significant differences in the as-cast microstructures of the two 316L stainless steel compositions.In L-316L steel,ferrite morphology appears as the short rods with a ferrite content of 6.98%,forming a dual-phase microstructure consisting of austenite and ferrite.Conversely,in H-316L steel,the ferrite appears as discontinuous network structures with a content of 4.41%,forming a microstructure composed of austenite and sigma(σ)phase.The alloying elements in H-316L steel exhibit a complex distribution,with Ni and Mo enriching at the austenite grain boundaries.HT-CLSM experiments provide the real-time observation of the solidification processes of both 316L specimens and reveal distinct solidification modes:L-316L steel solidifies in an FA mode,whereas H-316L steel solidifies in an AF mode.These differences result in ferrite and austenite predominantly serving as the nucleation and growth phases,respectively.The solidification mode observed by experiments is similar to the thermodynamic calculation results.The L-316L steel solidified in the FA mode and showed minimal element segregation,which lead to a direct transformation of ferrite to austenite phase(δ→γ)during phase transformation after solidification.Besides,the H-316L steel solidified in the AF mode and showed severe element segregation,which lead to Mo enrichment at grain boundaries and transformation of ferrite into sigma and austenite phases through the eutectoid reaction(δ→σ+γ).展开更多
基金Parts of the work were carried out as part of the Eco Steelmaking project funded by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research(MISTRA)through the Swedish Steel Producers AssociationChinese Academy of Science is acknowledged for its partial finical support through the“Transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements”project(No.2020109)。
文摘As the steel industry expands worldwide,slag dumps with transition metals(especially chromium and vanadium)are becoming more common,posing a serious environmental threat.Understanding the properties of slags containing transition metal oxides,as well as how to use the slags to recover and recycle metal values,is critical.Toward this end,the University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)and Royal Institute of Technology(KTH)have been collaborating on slags containing transition metals for decades.The research was carried out from a fundamental viewpoint to get a better understanding of the structure of these slags and their properties,as well as industrial practices.The research focused on the three“R”s,viz.retention,recovery,and recycling.The present paper attempts to highlight some of the important achievements in these joint studies.
文摘要:针对当前云制造平台与企业协同调度问题研究不足,以及缺乏相关仿真系统对调度策略组合进行可视化仿真等问题,设计并开发了一个支持云制造平台-企业协同调度动态过程可视化的仿真系统。分析了系统多方面需求,提出了一个基于层次型多智能体的可扩展的平台-企业协同调度模型及系统功能架构;结合工业机器人供应链案例,考虑云制造平台层随机选择、时间最优策略以及企业层FIFO(first in first out)、SPT(shortest processing time)、EDD(earliest due date)等策略组合,构建了平台-企业协同调度仿真模型。基于Anylogic进行了系统实现,并通过多组策略组合与用例开展了仿真实验。结果表明:该系统具有制造场景可扩展、仿真过程可视化等功能特点,同时能够对平台层和企业层调度策略组合的性能进行仿真、测试及优化,从而为云制造平台-企业协同调度策略提供了一个仿真环境和验证平台。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62225302,623B2014,and 62173023).
文摘With the emergence of general foundational models,such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT),researchers have shown considerable interest in the potential applications of foundation models in the process industry.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities presented by the use of foundation models in the process industry,including the frameworks,core applications,and future prospects.First,this paper proposes a framework for foundation models for the process industry.Second,it summarizes the key capabilities of industrial foundation models and their practical applications.Finally,it highlights future research directions and identifies unresolved open issues related to the use of foundation models in the process industry.
基金support of the Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2022-040)"Chunhui Plan"Collaborative Research Project by the Ministry of Education of China(HZKY20220507)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104338)Applied Fundamental Research Programs of Shanxi Province(202303021221036)Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation(SDCX-ZG-202303027,SDBX2023054).
文摘In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been studied.The microstructure and solidification kinetics of the two as-cast grades were in situ observed by high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM).There are significant differences in the as-cast microstructures of the two 316L stainless steel compositions.In L-316L steel,ferrite morphology appears as the short rods with a ferrite content of 6.98%,forming a dual-phase microstructure consisting of austenite and ferrite.Conversely,in H-316L steel,the ferrite appears as discontinuous network structures with a content of 4.41%,forming a microstructure composed of austenite and sigma(σ)phase.The alloying elements in H-316L steel exhibit a complex distribution,with Ni and Mo enriching at the austenite grain boundaries.HT-CLSM experiments provide the real-time observation of the solidification processes of both 316L specimens and reveal distinct solidification modes:L-316L steel solidifies in an FA mode,whereas H-316L steel solidifies in an AF mode.These differences result in ferrite and austenite predominantly serving as the nucleation and growth phases,respectively.The solidification mode observed by experiments is similar to the thermodynamic calculation results.The L-316L steel solidified in the FA mode and showed minimal element segregation,which lead to a direct transformation of ferrite to austenite phase(δ→γ)during phase transformation after solidification.Besides,the H-316L steel solidified in the AF mode and showed severe element segregation,which lead to Mo enrichment at grain boundaries and transformation of ferrite into sigma and austenite phases through the eutectoid reaction(δ→σ+γ).
