A novel estimation algorithm is introduced to handle the popular undersea problem called torpedo tracking with angle-only measurements with a better approach compared to the existing filters. The new algorithm produce...A novel estimation algorithm is introduced to handle the popular undersea problem called torpedo tracking with angle-only measurements with a better approach compared to the existing filters. The new algorithm produces a better estimate from the outputs produced by the traditional nonlinear approaches with the assistance of simple noise minimizers like maximum likelihood filter or any other algorithm which belongs to their family. The introduced method is extended to the higher version in two ways. The first approach extracts a better estimate and covariance by enhancing the count of the intermediate filters, while the second approach accepts more inputs so as to attain improved performance without enhancement of the intermediate filter count. The ideal choice of the placement of towed array sensors to improve the performance of the proposed method further is suggested as the one where the line of sight and the towed array are perpendicular. The results could get even better by moving the ownship in the direction of reducing range. All the results are verified in the MATLAB environment.展开更多
Space weather phenomena cause satellite to ground or satellite to aircraft transmission outages over the VHF to L-band frequency range, particularly in the low latitude region. Global Positioning System （GPS） is pri...Space weather phenomena cause satellite to ground or satellite to aircraft transmission outages over the VHF to L-band frequency range, particularly in the low latitude region. Global Positioning System （GPS） is primarily susceptible to this form of space weather. Faulty GPS signals are attributed to ionospheric error, which is a function of Total Electron Content （TEC）. Importantly, precise forecasts of space weather conditions and appropriate hazard observant cautions required for ionospheric space weather obser- vations are limited. In this paper, a fuzzy logic-based gradient descent method has been proposed to forecast the ionospheric TEC values. In this technique, membership functions have been tuned based on the gradient descent estimated values. The proposed algorithm has been tested with the TEC data of two geomagnetic storms in the low latitude station of KL University, Guntur, India （16.44°N, 80.62°E）. It has been found that the gradient descent method performs well and the predicted TEC values are close to the original TEC measurements.展开更多
Fog computing brings computational services near the network edge to meet the latency constraints of cyber-physical System(CPS)applications.Edge devices enable limited computational capacity and energy availability th...Fog computing brings computational services near the network edge to meet the latency constraints of cyber-physical System(CPS)applications.Edge devices enable limited computational capacity and energy availability that hamper end user performance.We designed a novel performance measurement index to gauge a device’s resource capacity.This examination addresses the offloading mechanism issues,where the end user(EU)offloads a part of its workload to a nearby edge server(ES).Sometimes,the ES further offloads the workload to another ES or cloud server to achieve reliable performance because of limited resources(such as storage and computation).The manuscript aims to reduce the service offloading rate by selecting a potential device or server to accomplish a low average latency and service completion time to meet the deadline constraints of sub-divided services.In this regard,an adaptive online status predictive model design is significant for prognosticating the asset requirement of arrived services to make float decisions.Consequently,the development of a reinforcement learning-based flexible x-scheduling(RFXS)approach resolves the service offloading issues,where x=service/resource for producing the low latency and high performance of the network.Our approach to the theoretical bound and computational complexity is derived by formulating the system efficiency.A quadratic restraint mechanism is employed to formulate the service optimization issue according to a set ofmeasurements,as well as the behavioural association rate and adulation factor.Our system managed an average 0.89%of the service offloading rate,with 39 ms of delay over complex scenarios(using three servers with a 50%service arrival rate).The simulation outcomes confirm that the proposed scheme attained a low offloading uncertainty,and is suitable for simulating heterogeneous CPS frameworks.展开更多
Febuxostat(FXT)is useful in treating hyperuricemia and chronic gout.However,it has limited bioavailability orally due to its low solubility and short half-life.This results in the need for more frequent and larger dos...Febuxostat(FXT)is useful in treating hyperuricemia and chronic gout.However,it has limited bioavailability orally due to its low solubility and short half-life.This results in the need for more frequent and larger doses,increasing the likelihood of adverse effects.Against this background,the current study was established to prepare and optimize an FXT-loaded proniosomal gel using the coacervation-phase separation method.A Quality-by-Design(QbD)methodology was used to ensure the quality of the finished product by assessing how critical process parameters and critical material attributes(CMAs)affected the proniosomal gel’s critical quality attributes.Box-Behnken design was employed to explore the effect of CMAs such as the amount of cholesterol,Span 40,and Span 60 on particle size and entrapment efficiency.The optimized proniosomes had a particle size and percentage entrapment efficiency of 193.7±2.26 nm and 85.3%±0.89%,respectively.Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the surface morphology of the optimized formulation.The developed formulation was also subjected to in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation studies,which established the efficiency of the prepared proniosomal gel.Stability studies also established the fact that the prepared formulation is stable to variations in temperature for up to 6 months.展开更多
Vitamin supplementation during chemotherapy has often been associated with lower recurrence and mortality rates in cancer patients.We had previously demonstrated that the multivitamin(C,D3,and B12)-cisplatin nanoparti...Vitamin supplementation during chemotherapy has often been associated with lower recurrence and mortality rates in cancer patients.We had previously demonstrated that the multivitamin(C,D3,and B12)-cisplatin nanoparticle complex-NanoCisVital(NCV)-could alleviate chemotherapy-induced cancer fatigue.Chitosan is frequently used in functional nanomaterials to encapsulate drugs,because it is biodegradable,biocompatible,and non-toxic.The chitosan-based NCVs were prepared,and their physicochemical properties,size,and stability were evaluated before assessing their effect on cancer cell lines.The multivitamin mixture is packed in the core,and cisplatin is loaded at the periphery of the nanoparticle.This encapsulation facilitates the slow and sequential release of peripheral cisplatin and the core multivitamin combination.By increasing the amounts of vitamin and drug-encapsulated nanoparticles in breast and cervical cancer cell lines,the viable cell percentage was calculated.DDX3X promotes cancer cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis,while Ki-67 promotes active cell proliferation in all cell types.DDX3X is elevated in several cancer types,and breast cancer cells express it abnormally.The Ki-67 protein is a biomarker of cell proliferation that is present throughout all active stages of the cell cycle but undetectable in the resting state.The expression of the DDX3X and Ki-67 genes is altered in NCV-treated cells.This study uses DDX3X and Ki-67 gene expression as a comparative measuring tool for the anti-cancer and cell proliferation effects of cisplatin and vitamins,respectively.展开更多
文摘A novel estimation algorithm is introduced to handle the popular undersea problem called torpedo tracking with angle-only measurements with a better approach compared to the existing filters. The new algorithm produces a better estimate from the outputs produced by the traditional nonlinear approaches with the assistance of simple noise minimizers like maximum likelihood filter or any other algorithm which belongs to their family. The introduced method is extended to the higher version in two ways. The first approach extracts a better estimate and covariance by enhancing the count of the intermediate filters, while the second approach accepts more inputs so as to attain improved performance without enhancement of the intermediate filter count. The ideal choice of the placement of towed array sensors to improve the performance of the proposed method further is suggested as the one where the line of sight and the towed array are perpendicular. The results could get even better by moving the ownship in the direction of reducing range. All the results are verified in the MATLAB environment.
基金sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India, vide sanction letter No: SR/FTP/ ETA- 0029/2012, dated: 08.05.12
文摘Space weather phenomena cause satellite to ground or satellite to aircraft transmission outages over the VHF to L-band frequency range, particularly in the low latitude region. Global Positioning System （GPS） is primarily susceptible to this form of space weather. Faulty GPS signals are attributed to ionospheric error, which is a function of Total Electron Content （TEC）. Importantly, precise forecasts of space weather conditions and appropriate hazard observant cautions required for ionospheric space weather obser- vations are limited. In this paper, a fuzzy logic-based gradient descent method has been proposed to forecast the ionospheric TEC values. In this technique, membership functions have been tuned based on the gradient descent estimated values. The proposed algorithm has been tested with the TEC data of two geomagnetic storms in the low latitude station of KL University, Guntur, India （16.44°N, 80.62°E）. It has been found that the gradient descent method performs well and the predicted TEC values are close to the original TEC measurements.
基金Zulqar and Kim’s research was supported in part by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2021R1A6A1A03039493)in part by the NRF grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(NRF-2022R1A2C1004401)+1 种基金Mekala’s research was supported in part by the Basic Science Research Program of the Ministry of Education(NRF-2018R1A2B6005105)in part by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)(no.2019R1A5A8080290).
文摘Fog computing brings computational services near the network edge to meet the latency constraints of cyber-physical System(CPS)applications.Edge devices enable limited computational capacity and energy availability that hamper end user performance.We designed a novel performance measurement index to gauge a device’s resource capacity.This examination addresses the offloading mechanism issues,where the end user(EU)offloads a part of its workload to a nearby edge server(ES).Sometimes,the ES further offloads the workload to another ES or cloud server to achieve reliable performance because of limited resources(such as storage and computation).The manuscript aims to reduce the service offloading rate by selecting a potential device or server to accomplish a low average latency and service completion time to meet the deadline constraints of sub-divided services.In this regard,an adaptive online status predictive model design is significant for prognosticating the asset requirement of arrived services to make float decisions.Consequently,the development of a reinforcement learning-based flexible x-scheduling(RFXS)approach resolves the service offloading issues,where x=service/resource for producing the low latency and high performance of the network.Our approach to the theoretical bound and computational complexity is derived by formulating the system efficiency.A quadratic restraint mechanism is employed to formulate the service optimization issue according to a set ofmeasurements,as well as the behavioural association rate and adulation factor.Our system managed an average 0.89%of the service offloading rate,with 39 ms of delay over complex scenarios(using three servers with a 50%service arrival rate).The simulation outcomes confirm that the proposed scheme attained a low offloading uncertainty,and is suitable for simulating heterogeneous CPS frameworks.
文摘Febuxostat(FXT)is useful in treating hyperuricemia and chronic gout.However,it has limited bioavailability orally due to its low solubility and short half-life.This results in the need for more frequent and larger doses,increasing the likelihood of adverse effects.Against this background,the current study was established to prepare and optimize an FXT-loaded proniosomal gel using the coacervation-phase separation method.A Quality-by-Design(QbD)methodology was used to ensure the quality of the finished product by assessing how critical process parameters and critical material attributes(CMAs)affected the proniosomal gel’s critical quality attributes.Box-Behnken design was employed to explore the effect of CMAs such as the amount of cholesterol,Span 40,and Span 60 on particle size and entrapment efficiency.The optimized proniosomes had a particle size and percentage entrapment efficiency of 193.7±2.26 nm and 85.3%±0.89%,respectively.Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the surface morphology of the optimized formulation.The developed formulation was also subjected to in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation studies,which established the efficiency of the prepared proniosomal gel.Stability studies also established the fact that the prepared formulation is stable to variations in temperature for up to 6 months.
基金supported by DST-SERB,India under grant No.EMR/2017/001294.
文摘Vitamin supplementation during chemotherapy has often been associated with lower recurrence and mortality rates in cancer patients.We had previously demonstrated that the multivitamin(C,D3,and B12)-cisplatin nanoparticle complex-NanoCisVital(NCV)-could alleviate chemotherapy-induced cancer fatigue.Chitosan is frequently used in functional nanomaterials to encapsulate drugs,because it is biodegradable,biocompatible,and non-toxic.The chitosan-based NCVs were prepared,and their physicochemical properties,size,and stability were evaluated before assessing their effect on cancer cell lines.The multivitamin mixture is packed in the core,and cisplatin is loaded at the periphery of the nanoparticle.This encapsulation facilitates the slow and sequential release of peripheral cisplatin and the core multivitamin combination.By increasing the amounts of vitamin and drug-encapsulated nanoparticles in breast and cervical cancer cell lines,the viable cell percentage was calculated.DDX3X promotes cancer cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis,while Ki-67 promotes active cell proliferation in all cell types.DDX3X is elevated in several cancer types,and breast cancer cells express it abnormally.The Ki-67 protein is a biomarker of cell proliferation that is present throughout all active stages of the cell cycle but undetectable in the resting state.The expression of the DDX3X and Ki-67 genes is altered in NCV-treated cells.This study uses DDX3X and Ki-67 gene expression as a comparative measuring tool for the anti-cancer and cell proliferation effects of cisplatin and vitamins,respectively.
