The quantum self-organization algorithm model of wise knowledge base design for intelligent fuzzy controllers with required robust level considered.Background of the model is a new model of quantum inference based on ...The quantum self-organization algorithm model of wise knowledge base design for intelligent fuzzy controllers with required robust level considered.Background of the model is a new model of quantum inference based on quantum genetic algorithm.Quantum genetic algorithm applied on line for the quantum correlation’s type searching between unknown solutions in quantum superposition of imperfect knowledge bases of intelligent controllers designed on soft computing.Disturbance conditions of analytical information-thermodynamic trade-off interrelations between main control quality measures(as new design laws)discussed in Part I.The smart control design with guaranteed achievement of these trade-off interrelations is main goal for quantum self-organization algorithm of imperfect KB.Sophisticated synergetic quantum information effect in Part I(autonomous robot in unpredicted control situations)and II(swarm robots with imperfect KB exchanging between“master-slaves”)introduced:a new robust smart controller on line designed from responses on unpredicted control situations of any imperfect KB applying quantum hidden information extracted from quantum correlation.Within the toolkit of classical intelligent control,the achievement of the similar synergetic information effect is impossible.Benchmarks of intelligent cognitive robotic control applications considered.展开更多
We propose the exact solution of the equation in separated variable which appears in the process of constructing solutions to the quantum Calogero-Moser three-particle problem with elliptic two-particle potential . Th...We propose the exact solution of the equation in separated variable which appears in the process of constructing solutions to the quantum Calogero-Moser three-particle problem with elliptic two-particle potential . This solution is found for special values of coupling constants . It can be used for solving three-particle Calogero-Moser problem under the appropriate boundary conditions.展开更多
The concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, S, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th and U in 6 types of marine macrophytes (algae and ...The concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, S, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th and U in 6 types of marine macrophytes (algae and seagrass): Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis, Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus, Amphiroa rigida J.V. Lamouroux, Hypnea sp., Cystoseira sp. and Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile (seagrass) collected from 3 stations along the Mediterranean Sea coast of Egypt were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis. The contents of elements in marine macrophytes indicated that they accumulated elements at different levels depending on their type of species (brown, red, green and seagrass) and the ambient water conditions. However, the concentrations of Cr, Co, Ni, Se, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cs, La, Sm, Eu, Yb, Hf, Ta, Au and U were very similar in all samples. In general the levels of classically investigated elements, particularly Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn determined in the macrophytes in the present study are lower or within the wide range of values previously reported for species of these genera sampled along the Egyptian Mediterranean coast.展开更多
The superconducting cyclotron SC200 is intended to generate a 200 MeV, 400 nA proton beam for future particle therapy. The internal hot-cathode-type Penning ionization gauge (PIG) ion source for the SC200 is designed ...The superconducting cyclotron SC200 is intended to generate a 200 MeV, 400 nA proton beam for future particle therapy. The internal hot-cathode-type Penning ionization gauge (PIG) ion source for the SC200 is designed for the generation of hydrogen ions. A brief description of the design of ion source and test bench, which are used in SC200, is given in this paper. The ion source has been verified on the test bench, and the results indicated that the designed ion source meets the expected requirements. The lifetime of the filament exceeded 100 h in the test. In addition, the extraction voltage and the gas flow that influence the extracted ion current intensity have been tested in the experiment.展开更多
The perovskites with general formula ABX3 have been widely used as for materials with their unique properties (ferroelectric, piezoelectric, dielectric, catalytic and so on). Hybrid organolead halide perovskites are a...The perovskites with general formula ABX3 have been widely used as for materials with their unique properties (ferroelectric, piezoelectric, dielectric, catalytic and so on). Hybrid organolead halide perovskites are a class of semiconductors with ABX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) structures consisting of lead cations in 6-fold coordination (B site), surrounded by an octahedron of halide anions (X site, face centered) together with the organic components in 12-fold cub octahedral coordination. These hybrid perovskites have a direct band gap, a large absorption coefficient as well as high charge carrier mobility that represent a very attractive characteristic of cost-effective solar cells. Basically, these crystals are inorganic solids of CaTiO3 type held together by bonds that are either ionic or partially ionic and partially covalent. In spite of the partially covalent character of the Ti-O bond, the system is modeled by a two-body central force interatomic potential (the form of the Vashishta and Rahman interatomic potential), which has been used successfully for many materials with a perovskite structure. In the present work using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method we investigate the dynamical and structural behavior of CaTiO3 perovskite at normal pressure and temperature conditions. The MD calculations were performed on a system of 16,000 particles (3200Ca + 3200Ti + 96,00O), initially in an orthorhombic-Pbnm structure. The orthorhombic MD box had edges Lx = 53.4 Å, Ly = 53.4 Å and Lz = 61.12 Å, which provided a density matching the experimental value of ρ = 4 g/cm3. Starting with this structure and using proposed interatomic potentials the MD system stabilizes at room temperature in its initial configuration. The aim of the present study to explore the effect of potential function representations on structural equilibrium properties for the perovskite models including hybrid halide ones outlined above. Concerning the perovskite equilibrium state we elucidate the role of potential function modification on the atomic pair correlation and structural re-organization. The details of the interatomic potential representation have to be crucially important for obtaining of correct analysis data in crystallic, liquid and amorphous phases including perovskite systems.展开更多
This article is a continuation of the work“Intelligent robust control of redundant smart robotic arm Pt I:Soft computing KB optimizer-deep machine learning IT”.In the first part of the paper,we examined control syst...This article is a continuation of the work“Intelligent robust control of redundant smart robotic arm Pt I:Soft computing KB optimizer-deep machine learning IT”.In the first part of the paper,we examined control systems with constant coefficients of the conventional PID controller(based on genetic algorithm)and intelligent control systems based on soft computing technologies.For demonstration,MatLab/Simulink models and a test benchmark of the robot manipulator demonstrated.Advantages and limitations of intelligent control systems based on soft computing technology discussed.Intelligent main element of the control system based on soft computing is a fuzzy controller with a knowledge base in it.In the first part of the article,two ways to implement fuzzy controllers showed.First way applyied one controller for all links of the manipulator and showed the best performance.However,such an implementation is not possible in complex control objects,such as a manipulator with seven degrees of freedom(7DOF).The second way use of separated control when an independent fuzzy controller controls each link.The control decomposition due to a slight decrease in the quality of management has greatly simplified the processes of creating and placing knowledge bases.In this Pt II,to eliminate the mismatch of the work of separate independent fuzzy controllers,methods for organizing coordination control based on quantum computing technologies to create robust intelligent control systems for robotic manipulators with 3DOF and 7DOF described.Quantum supremacy of developed end-to-end IT design of robust intelligent control systems demonstrated.展开更多
The Heun functions have wide application in modern physics and are expected to succeed the hypergeometrical functions in the physical problems of the 21st century. The numerical work with those functions, however, is ...The Heun functions have wide application in modern physics and are expected to succeed the hypergeometrical functions in the physical problems of the 21st century. The numerical work with those functions, however, is complicated and requires filling the gaps in the theory of the Heun functions and also, creating new algorithms able to work with them efficiently. We propose a new algorithm for solving a system of two nonlinear transcendental equations with two complex variables based on the Müller algorithm. The new algorithm is particularly useful in systems featuring the Heun functions and for them, the new algorithm gives distinctly better results than Newton’s and Broyden’s methods. As an example for its application in physics, the new algorithm was used to find the quasi-normal modes (QNM) of Schwarzschild black hole described by the Regge-Wheeler equation. The numerical results obtained by our method are compared with the already published QNM frequencies and are found to coincide to a great extent with them. Also discussed are the QNM of the Kerr black hole, described by the Teukolsky Master equation.展开更多
In this work the quantum chemistry Tersoff potential in combination with classical trajectory calculations was used to investigate the interaction of the DNA molecule with a carbon nanotube (CNT). The so-called hybrid...In this work the quantum chemistry Tersoff potential in combination with classical trajectory calculations was used to investigate the interaction of the DNA molecule with a carbon nanotube (CNT). The so-called hybrid approach—the classical and quantum-chemical modeling, where the force fields and interaction between particles are based on a definite (but not unique) description method, has been outlined in some detail. In such approach the molecules are described as a set of spheres and springs, thereby the spheres imitate classical particles and the spring the interaction force fields provided by quantum chemistry laws. The Tersoff potential in hybrid molecular dynamics (MD) simulations correctly describes the nature of covalent bonding. The aim of the present work was to estimate the dynamical and structural behavior of the DNA-CNT system at ambient temperature conditions. The dynamical configurations were built up for the DNA molecule interacting with the CNT. The analysis of generated МD configurations for the DNA-CNT complex was carried out. For the DNA-CNT system the observations reveal an encapsulation-like behavior of the DNA chain inside the CNT chain. The discussions were made on possible use of the DNA-CNT complex as a candidate material in drug delivery and related systems.展开更多
Transparent oxyfluoride silicate precursor glasses and glass ceramics with the novel composition （1） SiO2-PbO-PbFE-Er2O3, （2） SiO2-GeOE-PbO-PbFE-Er2O3 （3） SiO2-Al2O3-Y2O3-Na2O-NaF-LiF-Er2O3-YbF3 doped with Er^3...Transparent oxyfluoride silicate precursor glasses and glass ceramics with the novel composition （1） SiO2-PbO-PbFE-Er2O3, （2） SiO2-GeOE-PbO-PbFE-Er2O3 （3） SiO2-Al2O3-Y2O3-Na2O-NaF-LiF-Er2O3-YbF3 doped with Er^3＋ and co-doped with Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ ions were synthesized. X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD） and Er3＋ absorption spectra revealed precipitation of PbF2 nanocrystals dispersed in the glassy matrix. Under 980 nm laser excitation, intense green, red and near IR bands of upconversion luminescence （UCL） were recorded both before and after heat treatment. In the glass ceramics the upconversion intensity increased significantly. To our knowledge, for the first time the composition of the glass ceramics characterized by the small-angle neutron scattering （SANS） showed the cluster organization of PbF2 nanocrystals.展开更多
In view of the properties of mesons in hot strongly interacting matter, the properties of the solutions of the truncated Dyson-Schwinger equation for the quark propagator at finite temperatures within the rainbow-ladd...In view of the properties of mesons in hot strongly interacting matter, the properties of the solutions of the truncated Dyson-Schwinger equation for the quark propagator at finite temperatures within the rainbow-ladder approximation are analysed in some detail. In Euclidean space within the Matsubara imaginary time formalism, the quark propagator is not longer a O(4) symmetric function and possesses a discrete spectrum of the fourth component of the momentum. This makes the treatment of the Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equations conceptually different from the vacuum and technically much more involved. The question whether the interaction kernel known from vacuum calculations can be applied at finite temperatures remains still open. We find that, at low temperatures, the model interaction with vacuum parameters provides a reasonable description of the quark propagator, while at temperatures higher than a certain critical value T<sub>c </sub>the interaction requires stringent modifications. The general properties of the quark propagator at finite temperatures can be inferred from lattice QCD (LQCD) calculations. We argue that, to achieve a reasonable agreement of the model calculations with that from LQCD, the kernel is to be modified in such a way as to screen the infra-red part of the interaction at temperatures larger than T<sub>c </sub>. For this, we analyse the solutions of the truncated Dyson-Schwinger equation with existing interaction kernels in a large temperature range with particular attention on high temperatures in order to find hints to an adequate temperature dependence of the interaction kernel to be further implemented in the Bethe-Salpeter equation for mesons. This will allow investigating the possible in medium modifications of the meson properties as well as the conditions of quark deconfinement in hot matter.展开更多
This study presents a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the^(6)Li+^(12)C nuclear reaction at a laboratory energy of 68 MeV.The reaction products are identified via the standard△E–E technique.Ang...This study presents a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the^(6)Li+^(12)C nuclear reaction at a laboratory energy of 68 MeV.The reaction products are identified via the standard△E–E technique.Angular distributions are constructed for the elastic,inelastic,and deuteron transfer channels by detecting emitted particles–^(6)Li andα.Elastic and inelastic scattering of^(6)Li off^(12)C are analyzed using the optical model and coupled channels approaches,with the interaction described by a double-folding potential.This potential is calculated based on the three-body wave function of^(6)Li.Pronounced coupled-channel effects that modify the potential and allow accurate reproduction of the experimental cross sections are observed.The resulting polarized potentials provide a more precise description of the initial-state interaction for further reaction modeling.The deuteron transfer channel,^(12)C(^(6)Li,α)^(14)N,is studied using the coupled reaction channels method.The coupling between the transfer and elastic channels is implemented using the three-body wave function of^(6)Li.As an alternative,a regular wave function constructed with a phenomenological Woods–Saxon potential is also employed.Comparison between the calculated differential cross sections and experimental data reveals a more complex and nuanced reaction mechanism,which supports the cluster structure of^(6)Li.展开更多
In this study, a Glauber-type model for describing nuclear fragmentation in light targets at energies below 100 A·MeV is presented. It is developed based on the Glauber model within the nucleon transparent limit,...In this study, a Glauber-type model for describing nuclear fragmentation in light targets at energies below 100 A·MeV is presented. It is developed based on the Glauber model within the nucleon transparent limit, in which the Lorentz-invariant phase space factor is introduced to account for energy and momentum conservation. Accordingly, the scope of the applicability of the model is discussed. The longitudinal momentum distributions of the most neutron-rich nuclei(^(10)Be,^(9)Li, and ^(8)He), which were produced in a few nucleon removal reactions during the ^(11)B fragmentation of a Be target at beam energies of 10, 30, and 100 A·MeV, are calculated. The results of the calculations are then compared to the predictions of statistical fragmentation models, such as the Goldhaber model. Using the new model, the asymmetric longitudinal momentum distributions at low energies are explained by the kinematical locus and geometry of the reaction.展开更多
Bremsstrahlung fluxes for irradiating tantalum samples were formed by irradiating a tungsten converter with an electron beam having energy up to 130 MeV.The relative yields and flux-averaged cross-sections of multinuc...Bremsstrahlung fluxes for irradiating tantalum samples were formed by irradiating a tungsten converter with an electron beam having energy up to 130 MeV.The relative yields and flux-averaged cross-sections of multinucleon photonuclear reactions that emit up to nine neutrons in^(181)Ta nuclei were determined.Monte Carlo simulations for studying the yields of photonuclear reactions were performed using Geant4 and TALYS-2.0 codes.The obtained experimental results were compared with available literature data and calculated results.The comparison showed that the values of the relative reaction yield and flux-averaged cross-section coincide with the literature data,considering the different geometries of the experiments.The calculated results coincide with the experimental ones only for reactions that emit up to five neutrons from the nucleus.展开更多
The opportunities and challenges of performing transfer reactions in inverse kinematics using the ^(16,18)O beams at the experimental Cooler Storage Ring(CSRe)of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL)with t...The opportunities and challenges of performing transfer reactions in inverse kinematics using the ^(16,18)O beams at the experimental Cooler Storage Ring(CSRe)of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL)with the internal gas-jet target are discussed herein.The kinematics,differential cross sections for various transfer reactions using the ^(16,18)O beam with incident energies of 30 and 100 MeV/nucleon,and the H_(2)-or D_(2)-gas-jet targets are compared.The^(16)O beam at 100 MeV/nucleon with an intensity of≥10^(6)pps interacting with the H2-gas-jet target is recommended as the first transfer reaction at HIRFL-CSRe.展开更多
The evolution of the structural and electronic properties of the van der Waals layered ferromagnet CrBrs across the semiconductor-metal transition was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy...The evolution of the structural and electronic properties of the van der Waals layered ferromagnet CrBrs across the semiconductor-metal transition was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy at high pressures up to 38 GPa and by density functional theory(DFT)calculations at high pressures up to 120 GPa.The pressure behavior of the structural parameters and vibrational modes revealed a crossover from the quasi-two-dimensional system with weakly interacting atomic layers to the three-dimensional-like system with strongly interacting layers at P~15 GPa.This resulted in a significant modification of the pressure coefficients of the lattice parameters and interlayer distances.DFT calculations using first-principles generalized gradient ap-proximations of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof(PBE)and Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof-sol(PBEsol)functionals qual-itatively reproduced the high pressure effects on the structural and electronic properties of CrBr3,with more accurately results obtained by PBEsol.The relative increase of the binding energy absolute value between the van der Waals layers by 75 times in the pressure range up to 60 GPa was evaluated.Band gap closure associ-ated with the semiconductor-metal transition was found at P=6o GPa,which is higher than the experimentally determined value.展开更多
Multinucleon transfer processes in low-energy heavy ion collisions open a new field of research in nuclear physics, namely, production and studying properties of heavy neutron rich nuclei. This not-yet-explored area o...Multinucleon transfer processes in low-energy heavy ion collisions open a new field of research in nuclear physics, namely, production and studying properties of heavy neutron rich nuclei. This not-yet-explored area of the nuclear map is extremely important for understanding the astrophysical nucleosynthesis and the origin of heavy elements. Beams of very heavy U-like ions are needed to produce new long-living isotopes of transfermium and superheavy elements located very close to the island of stability. The calculated cross sections are high enough to perform the experiments at available accelerators.Beams of medium-mass ions(such as136 Xe,192Os,198Pt) can be used for the production of neutron rich nuclei located along the neutron closed shell N = 126(the last waiting point) having the largest impact on the astrophysical r-process. The Low-energy multinucleon transfer reactions is a very efficient tool also for the production and spectroscopic study of light exotic nuclei. The corresponding cross sections are 2 or 3 orders of magnitude larger as compared with high energy fragmentation reactions.展开更多
文摘The quantum self-organization algorithm model of wise knowledge base design for intelligent fuzzy controllers with required robust level considered.Background of the model is a new model of quantum inference based on quantum genetic algorithm.Quantum genetic algorithm applied on line for the quantum correlation’s type searching between unknown solutions in quantum superposition of imperfect knowledge bases of intelligent controllers designed on soft computing.Disturbance conditions of analytical information-thermodynamic trade-off interrelations between main control quality measures(as new design laws)discussed in Part I.The smart control design with guaranteed achievement of these trade-off interrelations is main goal for quantum self-organization algorithm of imperfect KB.Sophisticated synergetic quantum information effect in Part I(autonomous robot in unpredicted control situations)and II(swarm robots with imperfect KB exchanging between“master-slaves”)introduced:a new robust smart controller on line designed from responses on unpredicted control situations of any imperfect KB applying quantum hidden information extracted from quantum correlation.Within the toolkit of classical intelligent control,the achievement of the similar synergetic information effect is impossible.Benchmarks of intelligent cognitive robotic control applications considered.
文摘We propose the exact solution of the equation in separated variable which appears in the process of constructing solutions to the quantum Calogero-Moser three-particle problem with elliptic two-particle potential . This solution is found for special values of coupling constants . It can be used for solving three-particle Calogero-Moser problem under the appropriate boundary conditions.
文摘The concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, S, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th and U in 6 types of marine macrophytes (algae and seagrass): Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis, Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus, Amphiroa rigida J.V. Lamouroux, Hypnea sp., Cystoseira sp. and Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile (seagrass) collected from 3 stations along the Mediterranean Sea coast of Egypt were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis. The contents of elements in marine macrophytes indicated that they accumulated elements at different levels depending on their type of species (brown, red, green and seagrass) and the ambient water conditions. However, the concentrations of Cr, Co, Ni, Se, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cs, La, Sm, Eu, Yb, Hf, Ta, Au and U were very similar in all samples. In general the levels of classically investigated elements, particularly Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn determined in the macrophytes in the present study are lower or within the wide range of values previously reported for species of these genera sampled along the Egyptian Mediterranean coast.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11775258 and 11575237)the International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project of Anhui(No.1704e1002207)+2 种基金the Research Initiation Foundation of Anhui Polytechnic University(No.2018YQQ001)the Pre-Research National Natural Science Foundation of China of Anhui Polytechnic University(No.2019yyzr13)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui(No.1908085QA25)
文摘The superconducting cyclotron SC200 is intended to generate a 200 MeV, 400 nA proton beam for future particle therapy. The internal hot-cathode-type Penning ionization gauge (PIG) ion source for the SC200 is designed for the generation of hydrogen ions. A brief description of the design of ion source and test bench, which are used in SC200, is given in this paper. The ion source has been verified on the test bench, and the results indicated that the designed ion source meets the expected requirements. The lifetime of the filament exceeded 100 h in the test. In addition, the extraction voltage and the gas flow that influence the extracted ion current intensity have been tested in the experiment.
文摘The perovskites with general formula ABX3 have been widely used as for materials with their unique properties (ferroelectric, piezoelectric, dielectric, catalytic and so on). Hybrid organolead halide perovskites are a class of semiconductors with ABX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) structures consisting of lead cations in 6-fold coordination (B site), surrounded by an octahedron of halide anions (X site, face centered) together with the organic components in 12-fold cub octahedral coordination. These hybrid perovskites have a direct band gap, a large absorption coefficient as well as high charge carrier mobility that represent a very attractive characteristic of cost-effective solar cells. Basically, these crystals are inorganic solids of CaTiO3 type held together by bonds that are either ionic or partially ionic and partially covalent. In spite of the partially covalent character of the Ti-O bond, the system is modeled by a two-body central force interatomic potential (the form of the Vashishta and Rahman interatomic potential), which has been used successfully for many materials with a perovskite structure. In the present work using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method we investigate the dynamical and structural behavior of CaTiO3 perovskite at normal pressure and temperature conditions. The MD calculations were performed on a system of 16,000 particles (3200Ca + 3200Ti + 96,00O), initially in an orthorhombic-Pbnm structure. The orthorhombic MD box had edges Lx = 53.4 Å, Ly = 53.4 Å and Lz = 61.12 Å, which provided a density matching the experimental value of ρ = 4 g/cm3. Starting with this structure and using proposed interatomic potentials the MD system stabilizes at room temperature in its initial configuration. The aim of the present study to explore the effect of potential function representations on structural equilibrium properties for the perovskite models including hybrid halide ones outlined above. Concerning the perovskite equilibrium state we elucidate the role of potential function modification on the atomic pair correlation and structural re-organization. The details of the interatomic potential representation have to be crucially important for obtaining of correct analysis data in crystallic, liquid and amorphous phases including perovskite systems.
文摘This article is a continuation of the work“Intelligent robust control of redundant smart robotic arm Pt I:Soft computing KB optimizer-deep machine learning IT”.In the first part of the paper,we examined control systems with constant coefficients of the conventional PID controller(based on genetic algorithm)and intelligent control systems based on soft computing technologies.For demonstration,MatLab/Simulink models and a test benchmark of the robot manipulator demonstrated.Advantages and limitations of intelligent control systems based on soft computing technology discussed.Intelligent main element of the control system based on soft computing is a fuzzy controller with a knowledge base in it.In the first part of the article,two ways to implement fuzzy controllers showed.First way applyied one controller for all links of the manipulator and showed the best performance.However,such an implementation is not possible in complex control objects,such as a manipulator with seven degrees of freedom(7DOF).The second way use of separated control when an independent fuzzy controller controls each link.The control decomposition due to a slight decrease in the quality of management has greatly simplified the processes of creating and placing knowledge bases.In this Pt II,to eliminate the mismatch of the work of separate independent fuzzy controllers,methods for organizing coordination control based on quantum computing technologies to create robust intelligent control systems for robotic manipulators with 3DOF and 7DOF described.Quantum supremacy of developed end-to-end IT design of robust intelligent control systems demonstrated.
文摘The Heun functions have wide application in modern physics and are expected to succeed the hypergeometrical functions in the physical problems of the 21st century. The numerical work with those functions, however, is complicated and requires filling the gaps in the theory of the Heun functions and also, creating new algorithms able to work with them efficiently. We propose a new algorithm for solving a system of two nonlinear transcendental equations with two complex variables based on the Müller algorithm. The new algorithm is particularly useful in systems featuring the Heun functions and for them, the new algorithm gives distinctly better results than Newton’s and Broyden’s methods. As an example for its application in physics, the new algorithm was used to find the quasi-normal modes (QNM) of Schwarzschild black hole described by the Regge-Wheeler equation. The numerical results obtained by our method are compared with the already published QNM frequencies and are found to coincide to a great extent with them. Also discussed are the QNM of the Kerr black hole, described by the Teukolsky Master equation.
文摘In this work the quantum chemistry Tersoff potential in combination with classical trajectory calculations was used to investigate the interaction of the DNA molecule with a carbon nanotube (CNT). The so-called hybrid approach—the classical and quantum-chemical modeling, where the force fields and interaction between particles are based on a definite (but not unique) description method, has been outlined in some detail. In such approach the molecules are described as a set of spheres and springs, thereby the spheres imitate classical particles and the spring the interaction force fields provided by quantum chemistry laws. The Tersoff potential in hybrid molecular dynamics (MD) simulations correctly describes the nature of covalent bonding. The aim of the present work was to estimate the dynamical and structural behavior of the DNA-CNT system at ambient temperature conditions. The dynamical configurations were built up for the DNA molecule interacting with the CNT. The analysis of generated МD configurations for the DNA-CNT complex was carried out. For the DNA-CNT system the observations reveal an encapsulation-like behavior of the DNA chain inside the CNT chain. The discussions were made on possible use of the DNA-CNT complex as a candidate material in drug delivery and related systems.
文摘Transparent oxyfluoride silicate precursor glasses and glass ceramics with the novel composition （1） SiO2-PbO-PbFE-Er2O3, （2） SiO2-GeOE-PbO-PbFE-Er2O3 （3） SiO2-Al2O3-Y2O3-Na2O-NaF-LiF-Er2O3-YbF3 doped with Er^3＋ and co-doped with Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ ions were synthesized. X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD） and Er3＋ absorption spectra revealed precipitation of PbF2 nanocrystals dispersed in the glassy matrix. Under 980 nm laser excitation, intense green, red and near IR bands of upconversion luminescence （UCL） were recorded both before and after heat treatment. In the glass ceramics the upconversion intensity increased significantly. To our knowledge, for the first time the composition of the glass ceramics characterized by the small-angle neutron scattering （SANS） showed the cluster organization of PbF2 nanocrystals.
文摘In view of the properties of mesons in hot strongly interacting matter, the properties of the solutions of the truncated Dyson-Schwinger equation for the quark propagator at finite temperatures within the rainbow-ladder approximation are analysed in some detail. In Euclidean space within the Matsubara imaginary time formalism, the quark propagator is not longer a O(4) symmetric function and possesses a discrete spectrum of the fourth component of the momentum. This makes the treatment of the Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equations conceptually different from the vacuum and technically much more involved. The question whether the interaction kernel known from vacuum calculations can be applied at finite temperatures remains still open. We find that, at low temperatures, the model interaction with vacuum parameters provides a reasonable description of the quark propagator, while at temperatures higher than a certain critical value T<sub>c </sub>the interaction requires stringent modifications. The general properties of the quark propagator at finite temperatures can be inferred from lattice QCD (LQCD) calculations. We argue that, to achieve a reasonable agreement of the model calculations with that from LQCD, the kernel is to be modified in such a way as to screen the infra-red part of the interaction at temperatures larger than T<sub>c </sub>. For this, we analyse the solutions of the truncated Dyson-Schwinger equation with existing interaction kernels in a large temperature range with particular attention on high temperatures in order to find hints to an adequate temperature dependence of the interaction kernel to be further implemented in the Bethe-Salpeter equation for mesons. This will allow investigating the possible in medium modifications of the meson properties as well as the conditions of quark deconfinement in hot matter.
基金Funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan(AP19677087)。
文摘This study presents a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the^(6)Li+^(12)C nuclear reaction at a laboratory energy of 68 MeV.The reaction products are identified via the standard△E–E technique.Angular distributions are constructed for the elastic,inelastic,and deuteron transfer channels by detecting emitted particles–^(6)Li andα.Elastic and inelastic scattering of^(6)Li off^(12)C are analyzed using the optical model and coupled channels approaches,with the interaction described by a double-folding potential.This potential is calculated based on the three-body wave function of^(6)Li.Pronounced coupled-channel effects that modify the potential and allow accurate reproduction of the experimental cross sections are observed.The resulting polarized potentials provide a more precise description of the initial-state interaction for further reaction modeling.The deuteron transfer channel,^(12)C(^(6)Li,α)^(14)N,is studied using the coupled reaction channels method.The coupling between the transfer and elastic channels is implemented using the three-body wave function of^(6)Li.As an alternative,a regular wave function constructed with a phenomenological Woods–Saxon potential is also employed.Comparison between the calculated differential cross sections and experimental data reveals a more complex and nuanced reaction mechanism,which supports the cluster structure of^(6)Li.
基金Supported by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (AP19678586)。
文摘In this study, a Glauber-type model for describing nuclear fragmentation in light targets at energies below 100 A·MeV is presented. It is developed based on the Glauber model within the nucleon transparent limit, in which the Lorentz-invariant phase space factor is introduced to account for energy and momentum conservation. Accordingly, the scope of the applicability of the model is discussed. The longitudinal momentum distributions of the most neutron-rich nuclei(^(10)Be,^(9)Li, and ^(8)He), which were produced in a few nucleon removal reactions during the ^(11)B fragmentation of a Be target at beam energies of 10, 30, and 100 A·MeV, are calculated. The results of the calculations are then compared to the predictions of statistical fragmentation models, such as the Goldhaber model. Using the new model, the asymmetric longitudinal momentum distributions at low energies are explained by the kinematical locus and geometry of the reaction.
文摘Bremsstrahlung fluxes for irradiating tantalum samples were formed by irradiating a tungsten converter with an electron beam having energy up to 130 MeV.The relative yields and flux-averaged cross-sections of multinucleon photonuclear reactions that emit up to nine neutrons in^(181)Ta nuclei were determined.Monte Carlo simulations for studying the yields of photonuclear reactions were performed using Geant4 and TALYS-2.0 codes.The obtained experimental results were compared with available literature data and calculated results.The comparison showed that the values of the relative reaction yield and flux-averaged cross-section coincide with the literature data,considering the different geometries of the experiments.The calculated results coincide with the experimental ones only for reactions that emit up to five neutrons from the nucleus.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1606702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12275007)the funding from Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIR2021PY002)。
文摘The opportunities and challenges of performing transfer reactions in inverse kinematics using the ^(16,18)O beams at the experimental Cooler Storage Ring(CSRe)of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL)with the internal gas-jet target are discussed herein.The kinematics,differential cross sections for various transfer reactions using the ^(16,18)O beam with incident energies of 30 and 100 MeV/nucleon,and the H_(2)-or D_(2)-gas-jet targets are compared.The^(16)O beam at 100 MeV/nucleon with an intensity of≥10^(6)pps interacting with the H2-gas-jet target is recommended as the first transfer reaction at HIRFL-CSRe.
基金supported by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(NAFOSTED)under grant number 103.02-2021.70.
文摘The evolution of the structural and electronic properties of the van der Waals layered ferromagnet CrBrs across the semiconductor-metal transition was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy at high pressures up to 38 GPa and by density functional theory(DFT)calculations at high pressures up to 120 GPa.The pressure behavior of the structural parameters and vibrational modes revealed a crossover from the quasi-two-dimensional system with weakly interacting atomic layers to the three-dimensional-like system with strongly interacting layers at P~15 GPa.This resulted in a significant modification of the pressure coefficients of the lattice parameters and interlayer distances.DFT calculations using first-principles generalized gradient ap-proximations of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof(PBE)and Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof-sol(PBEsol)functionals qual-itatively reproduced the high pressure effects on the structural and electronic properties of CrBr3,with more accurately results obtained by PBEsol.The relative increase of the binding energy absolute value between the van der Waals layers by 75 times in the pressure range up to 60 GPa was evaluated.Band gap closure associ-ated with the semiconductor-metal transition was found at P=6o GPa,which is higher than the experimentally determined value.
文摘Multinucleon transfer processes in low-energy heavy ion collisions open a new field of research in nuclear physics, namely, production and studying properties of heavy neutron rich nuclei. This not-yet-explored area of the nuclear map is extremely important for understanding the astrophysical nucleosynthesis and the origin of heavy elements. Beams of very heavy U-like ions are needed to produce new long-living isotopes of transfermium and superheavy elements located very close to the island of stability. The calculated cross sections are high enough to perform the experiments at available accelerators.Beams of medium-mass ions(such as136 Xe,192Os,198Pt) can be used for the production of neutron rich nuclei located along the neutron closed shell N = 126(the last waiting point) having the largest impact on the astrophysical r-process. The Low-energy multinucleon transfer reactions is a very efficient tool also for the production and spectroscopic study of light exotic nuclei. The corresponding cross sections are 2 or 3 orders of magnitude larger as compared with high energy fragmentation reactions.
