AIM:To measure the difference of intraoperative central macular thickness(CMT)before,during,and after membrane peeling and investigate the influence of intraoperative macular stretching on postoperative best corrected...AIM:To measure the difference of intraoperative central macular thickness(CMT)before,during,and after membrane peeling and investigate the influence of intraoperative macular stretching on postoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)outcome and postoperative CMT development.METHODS:A total of 59 eyes of 59 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery for epiretinal membrane was analyzed.Videos with intraoperative optical coherence tomography(OCT)were recorded.Difference of intraoperative CMT before,during,and after peeling was measured.Pre-and postoperatively obtained BCVA and spectral-domain OCT images were analyzed.RESULTS:Mean age of the patients was 70±8.13y(range 46-86y).Mean baseline BCVA was 0.49±0.27 log MAR(range 0.1-1.3).Three and six months postoperatively the mean BCVA was 0.36±0.25(P=0.01 vs baseline)and 0.38±0.35(P=0.08 vs baseline)log MAR respectively.Mean stretch of the macula during surgery was 29%from baseline(range 2%-159%).Intraoperative findings of macular stretching did not correlate with visual acuity outcome within 6mo after surgery(r=-0.06,P=0.72).However,extent of macular stretching during surgery significantly correlated with less reduction of CMT at the fovea centralis(r=-0.43,P<0.01)and 1 mm nasal and temporal from the fovea(r=-0.37,P=0.02 and r=-0.50,P<0.01 respectively)3mo postoperatively.CONCLUSION:The extent of retinal stretching during membrane peeling may predict the development of postoperative central retinal thickness,though there is no correlation with visual acuity development within the first 6mo postoperatively.展开更多
AIM:To study secretion patterns of proand anti-in-flammatory cytokines, and activation of various cellular subsets of leukocytes in peripheral blood.METHODS: We have conducted a prospective obser-vational study. One h...AIM:To study secretion patterns of proand anti-in-flammatory cytokines, and activation of various cellular subsets of leukocytes in peripheral blood.METHODS: We have conducted a prospective obser-vational study. One hundred and eight patients with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and onset of the disease within last 72 h were included in this study. The mRNA expression of 25 different types of cytokines in white blood cells was determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of 8 different cytokines in blood serum were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Clinical data and cytokine expression results were subjected to statistical analysis.RESULTS: Severe and necrotizing acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by the significant depletion of circulating lymphocytes. Severe acute pancreatitis is as-sociated with a typical systemic inflammatory response syndrome and over-expression of pro-inflammatory cy-tokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)]. Serum IL-6 and MIF concentra-tions are the best discriminators of severe and necrotiz-ing AP as well as possible fatal outcome during the early course of the disease. CONCLUSION: Deregulation of cellular immune sys-tem is a key event leading to severe and necrotizing AP. IL-6 and MIF could be used as early predictors of complications.展开更多
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a dismal disease with a median survival below 6 months and a 5 year survival rate below 1%. High mortality is due to early lymphatic and hematogenic dissemination. Effective therapi...Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a dismal disease with a median survival below 6 months and a 5 year survival rate below 1%. High mortality is due to early lymphatic and hematogenic dissemination. Effective therapies for local advanced or metastatic tumors are missing and curative resected patients relapse in over 80% of the cases. Together this findings reflects the aggressive biology of the disease. Here we describe molecular mechanisms leading to unrestrained proliferation, insensitivity to growth inhibitory signals, evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, tissue invasion, metastasis and sustained angiogenesis.展开更多
As one of the tumors with substantial treatment difficulties,brain tumors have a high mortality rate and high treatment costs.Furthermore,surgical rection of deep-seated tumors or tumors involving eloquent areas is st...As one of the tumors with substantial treatment difficulties,brain tumors have a high mortality rate and high treatment costs.Furthermore,surgical rection of deep-seated tumors or tumors involving eloquent areas is still a challenge for neurosurgeons.Therefore,accurate and early tumor diagnosis,selection of treatment options,and prediction of prognosis are important to improve patients’outcomes.Recently,with the rapid development of computational technology,the frequency of its application in clinical work has increased enormously and the acquisition of medical data has become more convenient and efficient.Furthermore,with the advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)—particularly,machine and deep learning—the applications of AI in medicine and especially neuro-oncology have enhanced diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis prediction of brain tumors topreviously unachievable levels.This article presents an overview of the applications of AI in neuro-oncology for diagnosis,prognosis,surgical treatment,and education.Furthermore,the advantages,perspectives,and challenges of AI for clinical applications in neuro-oncology are discussed.展开更多
In their recently published study in Science,Popow and colleagues developed a proteolysis-targeting chimera(PROTAC)for the in vivo degradation of several oncogenic KRAS variants^(1).Leveraging detailed biophysical ana...In their recently published study in Science,Popow and colleagues developed a proteolysis-targeting chimera(PROTAC)for the in vivo degradation of several oncogenic KRAS variants^(1).Leveraging detailed biophysical analyses and crystal structures of ternary complexes of candidate ligands for KRAS and the von Hippei-Lindau(VHL)E3 ubiquitin ligase complex,they designed a small molecule capable of potently and selectively targeting 13 of the 17 most common KRAS mutants.展开更多
Background:Alterations in the expression of human kallikrein-related peptidases(KLKs)have been described in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).We elucidated the suitability of KLK6,KLK8 and KLK10 to distinguish AD...Background:Alterations in the expression of human kallikrein-related peptidases(KLKs)have been described in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).We elucidated the suitability of KLK6,KLK8 and KLK10 to distinguish AD from NC and explored associations with established AD biomarkers.Methods:KLK levels in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),as determined by ELISA,were compared between 32 AD patients stratified to A/T/(N)system with evidence for amyloid pathology and of 23 normal controls with normal AD biomarkers.Associations between KLK levels and clinical severity,CSF and positron emission tomography(PET)based AD biomarkers were tested for.Results:Levels of KLK6 and KLK10 were significantly increased in AD.KLK6 differed significantly between AD A+/T+/N+and AD A+/T−/N+or NC with an AUC of 0.922.CSF pTau and tTau levels were significantly associated with KLK6 in AD.Conclusions:KLK6 deserves further investigations as a potential biomarker of Tau pathology in AD.展开更多
文摘AIM:To measure the difference of intraoperative central macular thickness(CMT)before,during,and after membrane peeling and investigate the influence of intraoperative macular stretching on postoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)outcome and postoperative CMT development.METHODS:A total of 59 eyes of 59 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery for epiretinal membrane was analyzed.Videos with intraoperative optical coherence tomography(OCT)were recorded.Difference of intraoperative CMT before,during,and after peeling was measured.Pre-and postoperatively obtained BCVA and spectral-domain OCT images were analyzed.RESULTS:Mean age of the patients was 70±8.13y(range 46-86y).Mean baseline BCVA was 0.49±0.27 log MAR(range 0.1-1.3).Three and six months postoperatively the mean BCVA was 0.36±0.25(P=0.01 vs baseline)and 0.38±0.35(P=0.08 vs baseline)log MAR respectively.Mean stretch of the macula during surgery was 29%from baseline(range 2%-159%).Intraoperative findings of macular stretching did not correlate with visual acuity outcome within 6mo after surgery(r=-0.06,P=0.72).However,extent of macular stretching during surgery significantly correlated with less reduction of CMT at the fovea centralis(r=-0.43,P<0.01)and 1 mm nasal and temporal from the fovea(r=-0.37,P=0.02 and r=-0.50,P<0.01 respectively)3mo postoperatively.CONCLUSION:The extent of retinal stretching during membrane peeling may predict the development of postoperative central retinal thickness,though there is no correlation with visual acuity development within the first 6mo postoperatively.
文摘AIM:To study secretion patterns of proand anti-in-flammatory cytokines, and activation of various cellular subsets of leukocytes in peripheral blood.METHODS: We have conducted a prospective obser-vational study. One hundred and eight patients with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and onset of the disease within last 72 h were included in this study. The mRNA expression of 25 different types of cytokines in white blood cells was determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of 8 different cytokines in blood serum were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Clinical data and cytokine expression results were subjected to statistical analysis.RESULTS: Severe and necrotizing acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by the significant depletion of circulating lymphocytes. Severe acute pancreatitis is as-sociated with a typical systemic inflammatory response syndrome and over-expression of pro-inflammatory cy-tokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)]. Serum IL-6 and MIF concentra-tions are the best discriminators of severe and necrotiz-ing AP as well as possible fatal outcome during the early course of the disease. CONCLUSION: Deregulation of cellular immune sys-tem is a key event leading to severe and necrotizing AP. IL-6 and MIF could be used as early predictors of complications.
文摘Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a dismal disease with a median survival below 6 months and a 5 year survival rate below 1%. High mortality is due to early lymphatic and hematogenic dissemination. Effective therapies for local advanced or metastatic tumors are missing and curative resected patients relapse in over 80% of the cases. Together this findings reflects the aggressive biology of the disease. Here we describe molecular mechanisms leading to unrestrained proliferation, insensitivity to growth inhibitory signals, evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, tissue invasion, metastasis and sustained angiogenesis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81472354).
文摘As one of the tumors with substantial treatment difficulties,brain tumors have a high mortality rate and high treatment costs.Furthermore,surgical rection of deep-seated tumors or tumors involving eloquent areas is still a challenge for neurosurgeons.Therefore,accurate and early tumor diagnosis,selection of treatment options,and prediction of prognosis are important to improve patients’outcomes.Recently,with the rapid development of computational technology,the frequency of its application in clinical work has increased enormously and the acquisition of medical data has become more convenient and efficient.Furthermore,with the advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)—particularly,machine and deep learning—the applications of AI in medicine and especially neuro-oncology have enhanced diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis prediction of brain tumors topreviously unachievable levels.This article presents an overview of the applications of AI in neuro-oncology for diagnosis,prognosis,surgical treatment,and education.Furthermore,the advantages,perspectives,and challenges of AI for clinical applications in neuro-oncology are discussed.
基金supported by the German Cancer Consortium(DKTK)Deutsche Krebshilfe(DKH#70115743)+1 种基金Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG SA 1374/8-1,Project-ID 515991405 to D.S.DFG SA 1374/7-1,Project-ID 515571394 to D.S.DGF SCHO 1732/2-1,Project-ID 360394750 to D.S.DFG SA 1374/6-1,Project ID 458890590 to D.S.DFG SA 1374/4-3,Project ID 219542602 to D.S.SFB 1321 Project-ID 329628492 to D.S.)the Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung(2020.174.1 and 2017.091.2 to D.S.).
文摘In their recently published study in Science,Popow and colleagues developed a proteolysis-targeting chimera(PROTAC)for the in vivo degradation of several oncogenic KRAS variants^(1).Leveraging detailed biophysical analyses and crystal structures of ternary complexes of candidate ligands for KRAS and the von Hippei-Lindau(VHL)E3 ubiquitin ligase complex,they designed a small molecule capable of potently and selectively targeting 13 of the 17 most common KRAS mutants.
基金This work was supported by the German Research Foundation(DFG)and the Technical University of Munich(TUM)in the framework of the Open Access Publishing Program.
文摘Background:Alterations in the expression of human kallikrein-related peptidases(KLKs)have been described in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).We elucidated the suitability of KLK6,KLK8 and KLK10 to distinguish AD from NC and explored associations with established AD biomarkers.Methods:KLK levels in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),as determined by ELISA,were compared between 32 AD patients stratified to A/T/(N)system with evidence for amyloid pathology and of 23 normal controls with normal AD biomarkers.Associations between KLK levels and clinical severity,CSF and positron emission tomography(PET)based AD biomarkers were tested for.Results:Levels of KLK6 and KLK10 were significantly increased in AD.KLK6 differed significantly between AD A+/T+/N+and AD A+/T−/N+or NC with an AUC of 0.922.CSF pTau and tTau levels were significantly associated with KLK6 in AD.Conclusions:KLK6 deserves further investigations as a potential biomarker of Tau pathology in AD.
