In September 1994 the University of Twente, the Netherlands, and Zhejiang University, China, decided to cooperate in the field of science, education and management. After several visits of delegations from both sides ...In September 1994 the University of Twente, the Netherlands, and Zhejiang University, China, decided to cooperate in the field of science, education and management. After several visits of delegations from both sides it was considered worthwhile to explore further opportunities for mutual cooperation. The directors of international cooperation on each side jointly commissioned a project to investigate the potential in a systematic way and to establish further contacts where appropriate. This paper reports on the results of the research cum matching project. To reveal promising matches between multiple departments of both academic institutions a matching model for uni-versities was designed. The study was carried out along two parallel lines. In the research line the theoretical framework was developed into a model for international university co-operation. Moreover, an analysis was carried out on internal, external and cultural aspects resulting in a set of thirty four influencing factors. In the matching line a total of seventy interviews were held in order to identify promising matches between units at both universities. This line resulted in eleven promising matches for further co-operation. The novel model appeared useful in analyzing the variety of factors and in developing matches between both univer-sities. In the further implementation of the model the issues of 搇evel of co-operation?and 搕op-down versus bottom-up?need to be addressed in more detail.展开更多
The principle and technique were reported here to produce lignin-based sand stabilizing material （LSSM） using extracted lignin from black liquor of straw paper mills. Field tests using LSSM to stabilize and green sa...The principle and technique were reported here to produce lignin-based sand stabilizing material （LSSM） using extracted lignin from black liquor of straw paper mills. Field tests using LSSM to stabilize and green sand dunes were started in 2002. The field experiment was carded out in August 2005 when the newly formed plant community was 3 years old. The results from the comprehensive field experiment demonstrated that unlike polyvinyl acetate or foamed asphalt commonly used for dune stabilization, LSSM was plant- friendly material and could be used in combination with seeding and planting of desert species. With the help of LSSM, the desert species （i.e., Agriophyllum squarrosum （L.） Moq. and Artemisia desertorum Spreng. etc.） could be used to form community in 2-3 yeas and to stabilize sand dune effectively. The newly formed community was sustainable under an extremely dry climate condition. The organic matter and total nitrogen in the soil increased significantly as the community were formed, while the change in P and K contents in the soil was negligible.展开更多
Background: Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) has spread around the world since its outbreak, and there is no ascertained effective drug up to now. Lianhua Qingwen(LHQW) has been widely used in China and overseas Ch...Background: Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) has spread around the world since its outbreak, and there is no ascertained effective drug up to now. Lianhua Qingwen(LHQW) has been widely used in China and overseas Chinese, which had some advantages in the treatment of COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of LHQW for COVID-19 by conducting a systematic review with meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in 12 electronic databases from their establishment to October 30, 2021. Note Express 3.2.0 was used for screening of trials, and the data was independently extracted in duplicate by 2 researchers. The risk of bias of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and retrospective studies were assessed by using the Cochrane collaboration tool and Newcastle Ottawa Scale, respectively, followed by data analysis using RevMan 5.3. The RCTs or retrospective studies to treat COVID-19 using LHQW were included. The intervention measures in the experimental group were LHQW alone or combined with chemical drugs(LCWC), and that in the control group were chemical drugs(CDs). Outcome measures included computed tomography(CT) recovery rate, disappearance rates of primary(fever, cough, fatigue), respiratory, gastrointestinal and other symptoms, exacerbation rate and adverse reaction. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to whether LHQW was combined with CDs and the different treatment methods in the control group. Results: Nine trials with 1,152 participants with COVID-19 were included. The CT recovery rates of LHQW and LCWC were 1.36 and 1.32 times of CDs, respectively(P<0.05). Compared with CDs, LCWC remarkably increased the disappearance rates of fever, cough, fatigue, expectoration, shortness of breath, and muscle soreness(P<0.05). LHQW also obviously decreased the exacerbation rate, which was 0.45 times of CDs alone(P<0.05). There was no obvious difference between LCWC and CDs in adverse reaction(P>0.05). Conclusions: LHQW was more suitable for treating COVID-19 patients with obvious expectoration, shortness of breath and muscle soreness. LHQW had advantages in treating COVID-19 with no obvious exacerbation.(PROSPERO No. CRD42021235937)展开更多
The Hyogo Framework for Action(HFA)states:ctT he starting point for reducing disaster risk and for promoting a culture o f disaster resilience lies in the knowledge o f the hazards and the physical,social,economic and...The Hyogo Framework for Action(HFA)states:ctT he starting point for reducing disaster risk and for promoting a culture o f disaster resilience lies in the knowledge o f the hazards and the physical,social,economic and environmental vulnerabili-ties to disasters that most societies face,and o f the ways in which hazards and vulnerabilities are changing in the short and long te rm,...,5(UNISDR 2005,7).展开更多
文摘In September 1994 the University of Twente, the Netherlands, and Zhejiang University, China, decided to cooperate in the field of science, education and management. After several visits of delegations from both sides it was considered worthwhile to explore further opportunities for mutual cooperation. The directors of international cooperation on each side jointly commissioned a project to investigate the potential in a systematic way and to establish further contacts where appropriate. This paper reports on the results of the research cum matching project. To reveal promising matches between multiple departments of both academic institutions a matching model for uni-versities was designed. The study was carried out along two parallel lines. In the research line the theoretical framework was developed into a model for international university co-operation. Moreover, an analysis was carried out on internal, external and cultural aspects resulting in a set of thirty four influencing factors. In the matching line a total of seventy interviews were held in order to identify promising matches between units at both universities. This line resulted in eleven promising matches for further co-operation. The novel model appeared useful in analyzing the variety of factors and in developing matches between both univer-sities. In the further implementation of the model the issues of 搇evel of co-operation?and 搕op-down versus bottom-up?need to be addressed in more detail.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40675040, 30771687, and90302015)the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2006CB400505)
文摘The principle and technique were reported here to produce lignin-based sand stabilizing material （LSSM） using extracted lignin from black liquor of straw paper mills. Field tests using LSSM to stabilize and green sand dunes were started in 2002. The field experiment was carded out in August 2005 when the newly formed plant community was 3 years old. The results from the comprehensive field experiment demonstrated that unlike polyvinyl acetate or foamed asphalt commonly used for dune stabilization, LSSM was plant- friendly material and could be used in combination with seeding and planting of desert species. With the help of LSSM, the desert species （i.e., Agriophyllum squarrosum （L.） Moq. and Artemisia desertorum Spreng. etc.） could be used to form community in 2-3 yeas and to stabilize sand dune effectively. The newly formed community was sustainable under an extremely dry climate condition. The organic matter and total nitrogen in the soil increased significantly as the community were formed, while the change in P and K contents in the soil was negligible.
基金Supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi (No. 2019ZDLSF04-05)Subject Innovation Team of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine (No. 2019-YL10)。
文摘Background: Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) has spread around the world since its outbreak, and there is no ascertained effective drug up to now. Lianhua Qingwen(LHQW) has been widely used in China and overseas Chinese, which had some advantages in the treatment of COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of LHQW for COVID-19 by conducting a systematic review with meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in 12 electronic databases from their establishment to October 30, 2021. Note Express 3.2.0 was used for screening of trials, and the data was independently extracted in duplicate by 2 researchers. The risk of bias of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and retrospective studies were assessed by using the Cochrane collaboration tool and Newcastle Ottawa Scale, respectively, followed by data analysis using RevMan 5.3. The RCTs or retrospective studies to treat COVID-19 using LHQW were included. The intervention measures in the experimental group were LHQW alone or combined with chemical drugs(LCWC), and that in the control group were chemical drugs(CDs). Outcome measures included computed tomography(CT) recovery rate, disappearance rates of primary(fever, cough, fatigue), respiratory, gastrointestinal and other symptoms, exacerbation rate and adverse reaction. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to whether LHQW was combined with CDs and the different treatment methods in the control group. Results: Nine trials with 1,152 participants with COVID-19 were included. The CT recovery rates of LHQW and LCWC were 1.36 and 1.32 times of CDs, respectively(P<0.05). Compared with CDs, LCWC remarkably increased the disappearance rates of fever, cough, fatigue, expectoration, shortness of breath, and muscle soreness(P<0.05). LHQW also obviously decreased the exacerbation rate, which was 0.45 times of CDs alone(P<0.05). There was no obvious difference between LCWC and CDs in adverse reaction(P>0.05). Conclusions: LHQW was more suitable for treating COVID-19 patients with obvious expectoration, shortness of breath and muscle soreness. LHQW had advantages in treating COVID-19 with no obvious exacerbation.(PROSPERO No. CRD42021235937)
文摘The Hyogo Framework for Action(HFA)states:ctT he starting point for reducing disaster risk and for promoting a culture o f disaster resilience lies in the knowledge o f the hazards and the physical,social,economic and environmental vulnerabili-ties to disasters that most societies face,and o f the ways in which hazards and vulnerabilities are changing in the short and long te rm,...,5(UNISDR 2005,7).
