Current therapies for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)often fail to achieve complete remission and are associated with systemic toxicity owing to their broad immunosuppressive effects.To overcome these limitations,we d...Current therapies for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)often fail to achieve complete remission and are associated with systemic toxicity owing to their broad immunosuppressive effects.To overcome these limitations,we developed a bioengineered extracellular vesicle(EV)platform that modulates key immune signaling pathways to efficiently restore the T-cell balance in inflamed intestinal tissues.EVs derived from Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells were engineered to display PD-L1 on their surface and encapsulate miR-27a-3p.Surface PD-L1 engages the PD-1 checkpoint in activated T cells,attenuating T-cell receptor signaling via SHP2-mediated dephosphorylation of ZAP70 and AKT.In parallel,miR-27a-3p suppresses prohibitin 1(PHB1),a mitochondrial regulator of Th17 cell bioenergetics and inflammatory function,thereby reducing Th17 polarization and increasing the number of FOXP3⁺regulatory T cells.These dual-targeting EVs preferentially localized to inflamed intestinal tissues via chemokine(CCR2/CXCR4)and PD-1-dependent mechanisms.In humanized mouse models of colitis,these EVs attenuated mucosal inflammation,suppressed effector T-cell responses,and preserved epithelial integrity.In IBD patient-derived colonoid cultures,PDL1/miR-27a-3p EVs maintained epithelial viability and barrier integrity without inducing cytotoxicity or structural disruption.Transcriptomic and single-cell analyses revealed the downregulation of inflammatory and exhaustion signatures,along with the enrichment of regulatory subsets.Collectively,this study presents a cell-free immunotherapeutic approach that reprograms T cells in inflamed tissues through the PD-1 and mitochondrial signaling pathways while maintaining intestinal epithelial integrity,offering a promising therapeutic strategy for IBD and other T cell-driven inflammatory disorders.展开更多
Recently,significant efforts have been directed at overcoming the limitations of conventional rigid optoelectronic devices,particularly their poor mechanical stability under bending,folding,and stretching deformations...Recently,significant efforts have been directed at overcoming the limitations of conventional rigid optoelectronic devices,particularly their poor mechanical stability under bending,folding,and stretching deformations.One of major approaches for rendering optoelectronic devices mechanically deformable is to replace the conventional electronic/optoelectronic materials with functional nanomaterials or organic materials that are intrinsically flexible/stretchable.Further,advanced device designs and unconventional fabrication methods have also contributed to the development of soft optoelectronic devices.Accordingly,new devices such as bio-inspired curved image sensors,wearable light emitting devices,and deformable bio-integrated optoelectronic devices have been developed.In this review,recent progress in the development of soft optoelectronic materials and devices is outlined.First,various materials such as nanomaterials,organic materials,and their hybrids that are suitable for developing deformable photodetectors,are presented.Then,the nanomaterials and organic/polymeric materials that are applicable in deformable light-emitting diodes are described.Finally,representative system-level applications of flexible and stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes are reviewed,and future prospects are discussed.展开更多
Various nanobiosensors composed of biomaterials and nanomaterials have been developed,due to their demonstrated advantage of showing high performance.Among various biomaterials for biological recognition elements of t...Various nanobiosensors composed of biomaterials and nanomaterials have been developed,due to their demonstrated advantage of showing high performance.Among various biomaterials for biological recognition elements of the nanobiosensor,sensory receptors,such as olfactory and taste receptors,are promising biomaterials for developing nanobiosensors,because of their high selectivity to target molecules.Field-effect transistors(FET)with nanomaterials such as carbon nanotube(CNT),graphene,and conducting polymer nanotube(CPNT),can be combined with the biomaterials to enhance the sensitivity of nanobiosensors.Recently,many efforts have been made to develop nanobiosensors using biomaterials,such as olfactory receptors and taste receptors for detecting various smells and tastes.This review focuses on the biomaterials and nanomaterials used in nanobiosensor systems and studies of various types of nanobiosensor platforms that utilize olfactory receptors and taste receptors which could be applied to a wide range of industrial fields,including the food and beverage industry,environmental monitoring,the biomedical field,and anti-terrorism.展开更多
This publication proposes the use of an elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly for fabricating a microscale merged-tip structure out of a variety of biocompatible UV-curable polymers for use as a microneedle platform...This publication proposes the use of an elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly for fabricating a microscale merged-tip structure out of a variety of biocompatible UV-curable polymers for use as a microneedle platform.In addition,the novel merged-tip microstructure constitutes a new class of microneedles,which incorporates the convergence of biocompatible polymer micropillars,leading to the formation of a sharp tip and an open cavity capable of both liquid trapping and volume control.When combined with biocompatible photopolymer micropillar arrays fabricated with photolithography,elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly provides a means for producing a complex microneedle-like structure without the use of micromolding or micromachining.This publication also explores and defines the design rules by which several fabrication aspects,such as micropillar dimensions,shapes,pattern array configurations,and materials,can be manipulated to produce a customizable microneedle array with controllable cavity volumes,fracture points,and merge profiles.In addition,the incorporation of a modular through-hole micropore membrane base was also investigated as a method for constitutive payload delivery and fluid-sampling functionalities.The flexibility and fabrication simplicity of the merged-tip microneedle platform holds promise in transdermal drug delivery applications.展开更多
Erratum to Nano Research 2021,14(9):2919-2937 https://doi.org/10.1007/s 12274-021-3447-3 The figure caption of Figure 1,instead of Figure 1 Schematic illustration of various nanomaterials and organic materials used in...Erratum to Nano Research 2021,14(9):2919-2937 https://doi.org/10.1007/s 12274-021-3447-3 The figure caption of Figure 1,instead of Figure 1 Schematic illustration of various nanomaterials and organic materials used in flexible/stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes,and some representative applications.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Research Laboratory Program(Advanced Type)through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Korean Government(RS-2023-00218476)Image created with BioRender.com with permission.
文摘Current therapies for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)often fail to achieve complete remission and are associated with systemic toxicity owing to their broad immunosuppressive effects.To overcome these limitations,we developed a bioengineered extracellular vesicle(EV)platform that modulates key immune signaling pathways to efficiently restore the T-cell balance in inflamed intestinal tissues.EVs derived from Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells were engineered to display PD-L1 on their surface and encapsulate miR-27a-3p.Surface PD-L1 engages the PD-1 checkpoint in activated T cells,attenuating T-cell receptor signaling via SHP2-mediated dephosphorylation of ZAP70 and AKT.In parallel,miR-27a-3p suppresses prohibitin 1(PHB1),a mitochondrial regulator of Th17 cell bioenergetics and inflammatory function,thereby reducing Th17 polarization and increasing the number of FOXP3⁺regulatory T cells.These dual-targeting EVs preferentially localized to inflamed intestinal tissues via chemokine(CCR2/CXCR4)and PD-1-dependent mechanisms.In humanized mouse models of colitis,these EVs attenuated mucosal inflammation,suppressed effector T-cell responses,and preserved epithelial integrity.In IBD patient-derived colonoid cultures,PDL1/miR-27a-3p EVs maintained epithelial viability and barrier integrity without inducing cytotoxicity or structural disruption.Transcriptomic and single-cell analyses revealed the downregulation of inflammatory and exhaustion signatures,along with the enrichment of regulatory subsets.Collectively,this study presents a cell-free immunotherapeutic approach that reprograms T cells in inflamed tissues through the PD-1 and mitochondrial signaling pathways while maintaining intestinal epithelial integrity,offering a promising therapeutic strategy for IBD and other T cell-driven inflammatory disorders.
基金supported by Institute for Basic Science(No.IBS-R006-A1).
文摘Recently,significant efforts have been directed at overcoming the limitations of conventional rigid optoelectronic devices,particularly their poor mechanical stability under bending,folding,and stretching deformations.One of major approaches for rendering optoelectronic devices mechanically deformable is to replace the conventional electronic/optoelectronic materials with functional nanomaterials or organic materials that are intrinsically flexible/stretchable.Further,advanced device designs and unconventional fabrication methods have also contributed to the development of soft optoelectronic devices.Accordingly,new devices such as bio-inspired curved image sensors,wearable light emitting devices,and deformable bio-integrated optoelectronic devices have been developed.In this review,recent progress in the development of soft optoelectronic materials and devices is outlined.First,various materials such as nanomaterials,organic materials,and their hybrids that are suitable for developing deformable photodetectors,are presented.Then,the nanomaterials and organic/polymeric materials that are applicable in deformable light-emitting diodes are described.Finally,representative system-level applications of flexible and stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes are reviewed,and future prospects are discussed.
文摘Various nanobiosensors composed of biomaterials and nanomaterials have been developed,due to their demonstrated advantage of showing high performance.Among various biomaterials for biological recognition elements of the nanobiosensor,sensory receptors,such as olfactory and taste receptors,are promising biomaterials for developing nanobiosensors,because of their high selectivity to target molecules.Field-effect transistors(FET)with nanomaterials such as carbon nanotube(CNT),graphene,and conducting polymer nanotube(CPNT),can be combined with the biomaterials to enhance the sensitivity of nanobiosensors.Recently,many efforts have been made to develop nanobiosensors using biomaterials,such as olfactory receptors and taste receptors for detecting various smells and tastes.This review focuses on the biomaterials and nanomaterials used in nanobiosensor systems and studies of various types of nanobiosensor platforms that utilize olfactory receptors and taste receptors which could be applied to a wide range of industrial fields,including the food and beverage industry,environmental monitoring,the biomedical field,and anti-terrorism.
基金This work was supported by the National Research Foundation and funded by the Ministry of Education of Korea(NRF-2018R1A2A1A05019550,NRF-2016M3A9B4917321,and NRF-2016R1A4A1010796)the Korean Technology R&D Project,Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(HN14C0090).
文摘This publication proposes the use of an elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly for fabricating a microscale merged-tip structure out of a variety of biocompatible UV-curable polymers for use as a microneedle platform.In addition,the novel merged-tip microstructure constitutes a new class of microneedles,which incorporates the convergence of biocompatible polymer micropillars,leading to the formation of a sharp tip and an open cavity capable of both liquid trapping and volume control.When combined with biocompatible photopolymer micropillar arrays fabricated with photolithography,elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly provides a means for producing a complex microneedle-like structure without the use of micromolding or micromachining.This publication also explores and defines the design rules by which several fabrication aspects,such as micropillar dimensions,shapes,pattern array configurations,and materials,can be manipulated to produce a customizable microneedle array with controllable cavity volumes,fracture points,and merge profiles.In addition,the incorporation of a modular through-hole micropore membrane base was also investigated as a method for constitutive payload delivery and fluid-sampling functionalities.The flexibility and fabrication simplicity of the merged-tip microneedle platform holds promise in transdermal drug delivery applications.
文摘Erratum to Nano Research 2021,14(9):2919-2937 https://doi.org/10.1007/s 12274-021-3447-3 The figure caption of Figure 1,instead of Figure 1 Schematic illustration of various nanomaterials and organic materials used in flexible/stretchable photodetectors and light-emitting diodes,and some representative applications.
