The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed...The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.展开更多
Understanding microbial-host interactions in the oral cavity is essential for elucidating oral disease pathogenesis and its systemic implications.In vitro bacteria-host cell coculture models have enabled fundamental s...Understanding microbial-host interactions in the oral cavity is essential for elucidating oral disease pathogenesis and its systemic implications.In vitro bacteria-host cell coculture models have enabled fundamental studies to characterize bacterial infection and host responses in a reductionist yet reproducible manner.However,existing in vitro coculture models fail to establish conditions that are suitable for the growth of both mammalian cells and anaerobes,thereby hindering a comprehensive understanding of their interactions.Here,we present an asymmetric gas coculture system that simulates the oral microenvironment by maintaining distinct normoxic and anaerobic conditions for gingival epithelial cells and anaerobic bacteria,respectively.Using a key oral pathobiont,Fusobacterium nucleatum,as the primary test bed,we demonstrate that the system preserves bacterial viability and supports the integrity of telomerase-immortalized gingival keratinocytes.Compared to conventional models,this system enhanced bacterial invasion,elevated intracellular bacterial loads,and elicited more robust host pro-inflammatory responses,including increased secretion of CXCL10,IL-6,and IL-8.In addition,the model enabled precise evaluation of antibiotic efficacy against intracellular pathogens.Finally,we validate the ability of the asymmetric system to support the proliferation of a more oxygen-sensitive oral pathobiont,Porphyromonas gingivalis.These results underscore the utility of this coculture platform for studying oral microbial pathogenesis and screening therapeutics,offering a physiologically relevant approach to advance oral and systemic health research.展开更多
Robert Burns Woodward是著名的天然有机化学大师。简单介绍Woodward教授生平,回顾他的主要研究成就,尤其在天然产物化学领域的卓越贡献,其中包括天然产物全合成、利用各种光谱手段进行天然产物结构鉴定、化学理论研究、生物合成研究等...Robert Burns Woodward是著名的天然有机化学大师。简单介绍Woodward教授生平,回顾他的主要研究成就,尤其在天然产物化学领域的卓越贡献,其中包括天然产物全合成、利用各种光谱手段进行天然产物结构鉴定、化学理论研究、生物合成研究等。谨以此纪念这位20世纪最伟大的有机化学家100周年诞辰。展开更多
AIM:Cytokine release by macrophages critically determines the type of immune response to an antigen.Therefore,we studied hepatitis C virus(HCV)-specific induction of interleukins-1β,-10,-12(IL-1β,IL-10,IL-12),and tu...AIM:Cytokine release by macrophages critically determines the type of immune response to an antigen.Therefore,we studied hepatitis C virus(HCV)-specific induction of interleukins-1β,-10,-12(IL-1β,IL-10,IL-12),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in monocytes. METHODS:Intracallular cytokine expression was studied by flow cytometry in 23 patients with chronic hepatitis C,14 anti-HCV seropositives without viremia and 11 controls after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear calls with recombinant core,NS3,NS4,NSSa and NSSb proteins. RESULTS:Patients with HCV viremia revealed greater spontaneous expression of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-10. Furthermore,greater than twofold higher IL-10 expression was induced by the HCV antigens in chronic hepatitis C than in the other two groups(P<0.05).In contrast,neither IL- 12 nor TNF-α was induced preferentially. CONCLUSION:In chronic hepatitis C antigen-specific cytokine induction in monocytes is apparently shifted towards predominant IL-10 induction-not counterbalanced by antiviral type 1 cytokines.This may contribute to persistent viral replication.展开更多
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell prol...Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.In addition,there was a dose-dependent increase in Runt-related transcription factor-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 mRNA expression,as well as neuron-specific enolase and glial acidic protein.Results showed that platelet-rich fibrin promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and neural cells in a dose-dependent manner.展开更多
In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells from full-term neonates born by vagina delivery were cultured in medium containing 150 mg/mL of brain tissue extracts from Sprague-Dawley rats （to mimic the ...In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells from full-term neonates born by vagina delivery were cultured in medium containing 150 mg/mL of brain tissue extracts from Sprague-Dawley rats （to mimic the brain microenvironment）. Immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated that the cells differentiated into neuron-like cells. To evaluate the effects of progesterone as a neurosteroid on the neuronal differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, we cultured the cells in medium containing progesterone （0.1, 1, 10 pM） in addition to brain tissue extracts. Reverse transcription-PCR and flow cytometric analysis of neuron specific enolase-positive cells revealed that the percentages of these cells increased significantly following progesterone treatment, with the optimal progesterone concentration for neuron-like differentiation being 1 tJM. These results suggest that progesterone can enhance the neuronal differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in culture medium containing brain tissue extracts to mimic the brain microenvironment.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the systemic availability of budesonide in a patient with Child A cirrhosis due to autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma,who developed serious side effects. METHODS:Serum l...AIM:To investigate the systemic availability of budesonide in a patient with Child A cirrhosis due to autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma,who developed serious side effects. METHODS:Serum levels of budesonide,6β-OH-budesonide and 16α-OH-prednisolon were measured by HPLC/MS/MS; portosystemic shunt-index (SI) was determined by 99mTc nuclear imaging.All values were compared with a matched control patient without side effects. RESULTS:Serum levels of budesonide were 13-fold increased in the index patient.The ratio between serum levels of the metabolites 6β-OH-budesonide and 16α-OH- prednisolone,respectively,and serum levels of budesonide was diminished (1.0 vs.4.0 for 6β-OH-budesonide,4.2 vs. 10.7 for 16α-OH-prednisolone).Both patients had portosystemic SI (5.7 % and 3.1%) within the range of healthy subjects.CONCLUSION:Serum levels of budesonide Vary uP to 13-fold in AIH Patients with Child A eirrhosis in the absenee ofrelevant Portosystemic shunting.Redueed hePatiemetabolism,as indicated by redueed metabolite-to-drugratio,rather than Portosystemie shunting may explainsystemic side effects of this drug in cirrhosis展开更多
The numerical modelling of the interactions between water waves and floating structures is significant for different areas of the marine sector, especially seakeeping and prediction of wave-induced loads. Seakeeping a...The numerical modelling of the interactions between water waves and floating structures is significant for different areas of the marine sector, especially seakeeping and prediction of wave-induced loads. Seakeeping analysis involving severe flow fluctuations is still quite challenging even for the conventional RANS method. Particle method has been viewed as alternative for such analysis especially those involving deformable boundary, wave breaking and fluid fragmentation around hull shapes. In this paper, the weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics(WCSPH), a fully Lagrangian particle method, is applied to simulate the symmetric radiation problem for a stationary barge treated as a flexible body. This is carried out by imposing prescribed forced simple harmonic oscillations in heave, pitch and the two-and three-node distortion modes. The resultant,radiation force predictions, namely added mass and fluid damping coefficients, are compared with results from 3-D potential flow boundary element method and 3-D RANS CFD predictions, in order to verify the adopted modelling techniques for WCSPH.WCSPH were found to be in agreement with most results and could predict the fluid actions equally well in most cases.展开更多
AIM： To investigate acute transient hepatocellular injury in patients with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis but no evidence of choledocholithiasis.METHODS： The medical records of patients with cholelithiasis who und...AIM： To investigate acute transient hepatocellular injury in patients with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis but no evidence of choledocholithiasis.METHODS： The medical records of patients with cholelithiasis who underwent cholecystectomy between July 2003 and June 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Imaging studies to detect common bile duct （CBD） stones were performed in 186 patients, who constituted the study population. Biochemical liver tests before and after surgery, and with the presence or absence of CBD stones were analyzed.RESULTS： In 96 patients with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis without evidence of CBD stones, 49 （51.0%） had an alanine aminotransferase level elevated to 2-3 times the upper limit of normal, and 40 （41.2%） had an elevated aspartate aminotransferase level. Similar manifestations of hepatocellular injury were, as would be expected, even more obvious in the 90 patients with CBD stones. These markers of hepatocellular injury resolved almost completely within 2 wk to 1 mo after cholecystectomy. Compared to 59 patients with histologically less severe cholecystitisin the group undergoing urgent surgery （total 74 patients）, the 15 patients with a gangrenous gallbladder had a higher mean level of total bilirubin （2.14 ± 1.27 mg/dL vs 2.66 ± 2.97 mg/dL, P 〈 0.001） and white cell count （9480 ± 4681/μL vs 12840 ± 5273/μL, P = 0.018）.CONCLUSION： Acute hepatocellular injury in cholelithiasis and cholecystitis without choledocholithiasis is mild and transient. Hyperbilirubinemia and leukocytosis may predict severe inflammatory changes in the gallbladder.展开更多
AIM:To identify the prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and to assess the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter mutations and viral load in Indonesian patients.METHODS:Sixty-four patients with c...AIM:To identify the prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and to assess the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter mutations and viral load in Indonesian patients.METHODS:Sixty-four patients with chronic hepatitis,65 with liver cirrhosis and 50 with hepatocellular carcinoma were included in this study.HBeAg and hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb) tests were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the mutations were analyzed by sequencing.Viral load was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:Of 179 patients,108 (60.3%) were HBeAg(-) and 86 (79.6%) of these HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was not found in HBeAg(+) patients,however,this mutation was detected in 70.7% of HBeAg(-) patients.This mutation was frequently found when HBeAg was not expressed (87.7%),compared to that found in HBeAg seroconverted patients (65.1%).The A1899 mutation was also more prevalent in HBeAg(-) than in HBeAg(+) patients (P=0.004).The T1762/A1764 mutation was frequently found in both HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(-) patients,however,the prevalence of this mutation did not significantly differ among the two groups (P=0.054).In HBeAg(+) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation was correlated with lower HBV DNA (P < 0.001).The A1899 mutation did not correlate with HBV DNA (P=0.609).In HBeAg(-) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation alone was not correlated with HBV DNA (P=0.095),however,the presence of either the T1762/A1764 or A1896 mutations was associated with increased HBV DNA (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The percentage of HBeAg(-) patients is high in Indonesia,and most of the HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was most likely the major cause of HBeAg loss.The T1762/A1764 mutation alone was associated with lower viral loads in HBeAg(+) patients,but not in HBeAg(-) patients.展开更多
AIM To evaluate outcomes associated with use of a saline coupled bipolar sealer during open partial liver resection.METHODS This retrospective analysis utilized the United States Premier? insurance claims database(201...AIM To evaluate outcomes associated with use of a saline coupled bipolar sealer during open partial liver resection.METHODS This retrospective analysis utilized the United States Premier? insurance claims database(2010-2014). Patients were selected with codes for liver malignancy and partial hepatectomy or lobectomy. Cases were defined by use the saline-coupled bipolar sealer; controls had no use. A Propensity Score algorithm was used to match one case to five controls. A deviationbased cost modeling(DBCM) approach provided an estimate of cost-effectiveness.RESULTS One hundred and forty-four cases and 720 controls were available for analysis. Patients in the case cohort received fewer transfusions vs controls(18.1% vs 29.4%, P = 0.007). In DBCM, more patients in the case cohort experienced "on-course" hospitalizations(53.5% vs 41.9%, P = 0.009). The cost calculation showed an average savings in total hospitalization costs of $1027 for cases vs controls. In multivariate analysis, cases had lower odds of receiving a transfusion(OR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.27-0.71, P = 0.0008).CONCLUSION Use of a saline-coupled bipolar sealer was associated with a greater proportion of patients with an "on course" hospitalization.展开更多
[ Objectivel To investigate the sensitivity of Eimeria coccidia strains isolated from two chicken farms in Anhui Province to different anticoccidial drugs and provide a theoretical basis for coccidiosis treatment. [ M...[ Objectivel To investigate the sensitivity of Eimeria coccidia strains isolated from two chicken farms in Anhui Province to different anticoccidial drugs and provide a theoretical basis for coccidiosis treatment. [ Method] The fresh feces were collected from two chicken farms, and Eimeria coccidia strains were isolated and propagated in laboratory. A total of eight anticoccidial drugs including diclazuril, robenidine, dinitoimide, decoquinate, nicarbazine, maduramicin, salinomycin and lasalocid were selected for sensitivity test. [ Results] In Farm I, Eimeria coccidia strains were sensitive to decoquinate, partially resistant to nicarbazine and completely resistant to other six drugs. In Farm II, Eimeria coccidia strains were sensitive to decoquinate and nicarbazine, partially resistant to robenidine and completely resistant to other five drugs. [ Conclusion] Drug resistance of Eimerfa coccidia to many anticoccidial drugs had been highly developed in these two farms.展开更多
We used MRI to examine 38 healthy females and 38 female patients with empty sella syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid flow was examined in six regions of interest, including the anterior clinoid processes, posterior clinoid...We used MRI to examine 38 healthy females and 38 female patients with empty sella syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid flow was examined in six regions of interest, including the anterior clinoid processes, posterior clinoid processes, and 1.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, --2.0 mm from the midpoint of the line between the anterior and posterior clinoid processes. The results revealed no significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity and discharge in a single cardiac cycle, or indicators of cardiac cycles in the control group, indicating that the cerebrospinal fluid flow was relatively steady in the saddle area of the normal brain. In the empty sella syndrome group, cerebrospinal fluid hernia into the saddle area triggered a fluctuation of the anterior and posterior clinoid processes in the saddle area, while the flow in other regions in the saddle area was relatively steady this resulted in significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity and discharge, as well as the cardiac cycle.展开更多
The term'nuclear terrorism'refers to terrorists who are engaged in nuclear proliferation activities for terrorist attacks.At present,nuclear terrorism poses a growing threat to international security.It is,the...The term'nuclear terrorism'refers to terrorists who are engaged in nuclear proliferation activities for terrorist attacks.At present,nuclear terrorism poses a growing threat to international security.It is,therefore,a pressing need for the展开更多
China＇s economic expansion has generated a sense of optimism throughout South Asia. It＇s a region beset with armed conflicts, impoverishment and massive unemployment. The Belt and Road Initiative （BRI）, originally...China＇s economic expansion has generated a sense of optimism throughout South Asia. It＇s a region beset with armed conflicts, impoverishment and massive unemployment. The Belt and Road Initiative （BRI）, originally known as One Belt One Road, opens new vistas for Afghanistan to maximize her economic potential as a transit state connecting South and Central Asia. Bangladesh welcomes the shift in global center of economic gravity from west towards east and sees this as an opportunity to restore her historic connectivity with China. 1展开更多
文摘The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.
基金supported by National Science Foundation CAREER (2238972)National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research awards (R03DE031329 and R01DE030943)The Translational Tissue Modeling Laboratory is supported by the University of Michigan (Center for Gastrointestinal Research,Office of the Dean, Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the Departments of Pathology, Pharmacology, and Internal Medicine) with additional funding from the Endowment for Basic Sciences
文摘Understanding microbial-host interactions in the oral cavity is essential for elucidating oral disease pathogenesis and its systemic implications.In vitro bacteria-host cell coculture models have enabled fundamental studies to characterize bacterial infection and host responses in a reductionist yet reproducible manner.However,existing in vitro coculture models fail to establish conditions that are suitable for the growth of both mammalian cells and anaerobes,thereby hindering a comprehensive understanding of their interactions.Here,we present an asymmetric gas coculture system that simulates the oral microenvironment by maintaining distinct normoxic and anaerobic conditions for gingival epithelial cells and anaerobic bacteria,respectively.Using a key oral pathobiont,Fusobacterium nucleatum,as the primary test bed,we demonstrate that the system preserves bacterial viability and supports the integrity of telomerase-immortalized gingival keratinocytes.Compared to conventional models,this system enhanced bacterial invasion,elevated intracellular bacterial loads,and elicited more robust host pro-inflammatory responses,including increased secretion of CXCL10,IL-6,and IL-8.In addition,the model enabled precise evaluation of antibiotic efficacy against intracellular pathogens.Finally,we validate the ability of the asymmetric system to support the proliferation of a more oxygen-sensitive oral pathobiont,Porphyromonas gingivalis.These results underscore the utility of this coculture platform for studying oral microbial pathogenesis and screening therapeutics,offering a physiologically relevant approach to advance oral and systemic health research.
基金a generous grant of the Joachim Kuhlinann AIDS-Stiftung
文摘AIM:Cytokine release by macrophages critically determines the type of immune response to an antigen.Therefore,we studied hepatitis C virus(HCV)-specific induction of interleukins-1β,-10,-12(IL-1β,IL-10,IL-12),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in monocytes. METHODS:Intracallular cytokine expression was studied by flow cytometry in 23 patients with chronic hepatitis C,14 anti-HCV seropositives without viremia and 11 controls after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear calls with recombinant core,NS3,NS4,NSSa and NSSb proteins. RESULTS:Patients with HCV viremia revealed greater spontaneous expression of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-10. Furthermore,greater than twofold higher IL-10 expression was induced by the HCV antigens in chronic hepatitis C than in the other two groups(P<0.05).In contrast,neither IL- 12 nor TNF-α was induced preferentially. CONCLUSION:In chronic hepatitis C antigen-specific cytokine induction in monocytes is apparently shifted towards predominant IL-10 induction-not counterbalanced by antiviral type 1 cytokines.This may contribute to persistent viral replication.
文摘Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.In addition,there was a dose-dependent increase in Runt-related transcription factor-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 mRNA expression,as well as neuron-specific enolase and glial acidic protein.Results showed that platelet-rich fibrin promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and neural cells in a dose-dependent manner.
基金supported by the Military Medical Research Program during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period, No.BWS11J002
文摘In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells from full-term neonates born by vagina delivery were cultured in medium containing 150 mg/mL of brain tissue extracts from Sprague-Dawley rats （to mimic the brain microenvironment）. Immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated that the cells differentiated into neuron-like cells. To evaluate the effects of progesterone as a neurosteroid on the neuronal differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, we cultured the cells in medium containing progesterone （0.1, 1, 10 pM） in addition to brain tissue extracts. Reverse transcription-PCR and flow cytometric analysis of neuron specific enolase-positive cells revealed that the percentages of these cells increased significantly following progesterone treatment, with the optimal progesterone concentration for neuron-like differentiation being 1 tJM. These results suggest that progesterone can enhance the neuronal differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in culture medium containing brain tissue extracts to mimic the brain microenvironment.
文摘AIM:To investigate the systemic availability of budesonide in a patient with Child A cirrhosis due to autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma,who developed serious side effects. METHODS:Serum levels of budesonide,6β-OH-budesonide and 16α-OH-prednisolon were measured by HPLC/MS/MS; portosystemic shunt-index (SI) was determined by 99mTc nuclear imaging.All values were compared with a matched control patient without side effects. RESULTS:Serum levels of budesonide were 13-fold increased in the index patient.The ratio between serum levels of the metabolites 6β-OH-budesonide and 16α-OH- prednisolone,respectively,and serum levels of budesonide was diminished (1.0 vs.4.0 for 6β-OH-budesonide,4.2 vs. 10.7 for 16α-OH-prednisolone).Both patients had portosystemic SI (5.7 % and 3.1%) within the range of healthy subjects.CONCLUSION:Serum levels of budesonide Vary uP to 13-fold in AIH Patients with Child A eirrhosis in the absenee ofrelevant Portosystemic shunting.Redueed hePatiemetabolism,as indicated by redueed metabolite-to-drugratio,rather than Portosystemie shunting may explainsystemic side effects of this drug in cirrhosis
基金funded by the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)of Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)No.FRGS17-042-0608
文摘The numerical modelling of the interactions between water waves and floating structures is significant for different areas of the marine sector, especially seakeeping and prediction of wave-induced loads. Seakeeping analysis involving severe flow fluctuations is still quite challenging even for the conventional RANS method. Particle method has been viewed as alternative for such analysis especially those involving deformable boundary, wave breaking and fluid fragmentation around hull shapes. In this paper, the weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics(WCSPH), a fully Lagrangian particle method, is applied to simulate the symmetric radiation problem for a stationary barge treated as a flexible body. This is carried out by imposing prescribed forced simple harmonic oscillations in heave, pitch and the two-and three-node distortion modes. The resultant,radiation force predictions, namely added mass and fluid damping coefficients, are compared with results from 3-D potential flow boundary element method and 3-D RANS CFD predictions, in order to verify the adopted modelling techniques for WCSPH.WCSPH were found to be in agreement with most results and could predict the fluid actions equally well in most cases.
文摘AIM： To investigate acute transient hepatocellular injury in patients with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis but no evidence of choledocholithiasis.METHODS： The medical records of patients with cholelithiasis who underwent cholecystectomy between July 2003 and June 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Imaging studies to detect common bile duct （CBD） stones were performed in 186 patients, who constituted the study population. Biochemical liver tests before and after surgery, and with the presence or absence of CBD stones were analyzed.RESULTS： In 96 patients with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis without evidence of CBD stones, 49 （51.0%） had an alanine aminotransferase level elevated to 2-3 times the upper limit of normal, and 40 （41.2%） had an elevated aspartate aminotransferase level. Similar manifestations of hepatocellular injury were, as would be expected, even more obvious in the 90 patients with CBD stones. These markers of hepatocellular injury resolved almost completely within 2 wk to 1 mo after cholecystectomy. Compared to 59 patients with histologically less severe cholecystitisin the group undergoing urgent surgery （total 74 patients）, the 15 patients with a gangrenous gallbladder had a higher mean level of total bilirubin （2.14 ± 1.27 mg/dL vs 2.66 ± 2.97 mg/dL, P 〈 0.001） and white cell count （9480 ± 4681/μL vs 12840 ± 5273/μL, P = 0.018）.CONCLUSION： Acute hepatocellular injury in cholelithiasis and cholecystitis without choledocholithiasis is mild and transient. Hyperbilirubinemia and leukocytosis may predict severe inflammatory changes in the gallbladder.
基金Supported by MRIN Funding (Budget No.cc041/2009)
文摘AIM:To identify the prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and to assess the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter mutations and viral load in Indonesian patients.METHODS:Sixty-four patients with chronic hepatitis,65 with liver cirrhosis and 50 with hepatocellular carcinoma were included in this study.HBeAg and hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb) tests were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the mutations were analyzed by sequencing.Viral load was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:Of 179 patients,108 (60.3%) were HBeAg(-) and 86 (79.6%) of these HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was not found in HBeAg(+) patients,however,this mutation was detected in 70.7% of HBeAg(-) patients.This mutation was frequently found when HBeAg was not expressed (87.7%),compared to that found in HBeAg seroconverted patients (65.1%).The A1899 mutation was also more prevalent in HBeAg(-) than in HBeAg(+) patients (P=0.004).The T1762/A1764 mutation was frequently found in both HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(-) patients,however,the prevalence of this mutation did not significantly differ among the two groups (P=0.054).In HBeAg(+) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation was correlated with lower HBV DNA (P < 0.001).The A1899 mutation did not correlate with HBV DNA (P=0.609).In HBeAg(-) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation alone was not correlated with HBV DNA (P=0.095),however,the presence of either the T1762/A1764 or A1896 mutations was associated with increased HBV DNA (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The percentage of HBeAg(-) patients is high in Indonesia,and most of the HBeAg(-) patients had been seroconverted.The A1896 mutation was most likely the major cause of HBeAg loss.The T1762/A1764 mutation alone was associated with lower viral loads in HBeAg(+) patients,but not in HBeAg(-) patients.
文摘AIM To evaluate outcomes associated with use of a saline coupled bipolar sealer during open partial liver resection.METHODS This retrospective analysis utilized the United States Premier? insurance claims database(2010-2014). Patients were selected with codes for liver malignancy and partial hepatectomy or lobectomy. Cases were defined by use the saline-coupled bipolar sealer; controls had no use. A Propensity Score algorithm was used to match one case to five controls. A deviationbased cost modeling(DBCM) approach provided an estimate of cost-effectiveness.RESULTS One hundred and forty-four cases and 720 controls were available for analysis. Patients in the case cohort received fewer transfusions vs controls(18.1% vs 29.4%, P = 0.007). In DBCM, more patients in the case cohort experienced "on-course" hospitalizations(53.5% vs 41.9%, P = 0.009). The cost calculation showed an average savings in total hospitalization costs of $1027 for cases vs controls. In multivariate analysis, cases had lower odds of receiving a transfusion(OR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.27-0.71, P = 0.0008).CONCLUSION Use of a saline-coupled bipolar sealer was associated with a greater proportion of patients with an "on course" hospitalization.
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology (SKLVEB 2009KFKT020)Basic R & D Operations Special Fund of Central Level and Non-profit Scientific Research Institutes (2010JB09)
文摘[ Objectivel To investigate the sensitivity of Eimeria coccidia strains isolated from two chicken farms in Anhui Province to different anticoccidial drugs and provide a theoretical basis for coccidiosis treatment. [ Method] The fresh feces were collected from two chicken farms, and Eimeria coccidia strains were isolated and propagated in laboratory. A total of eight anticoccidial drugs including diclazuril, robenidine, dinitoimide, decoquinate, nicarbazine, maduramicin, salinomycin and lasalocid were selected for sensitivity test. [ Results] In Farm I, Eimeria coccidia strains were sensitive to decoquinate, partially resistant to nicarbazine and completely resistant to other six drugs. In Farm II, Eimeria coccidia strains were sensitive to decoquinate and nicarbazine, partially resistant to robenidine and completely resistant to other five drugs. [ Conclusion] Drug resistance of Eimerfa coccidia to many anticoccidial drugs had been highly developed in these two farms.
基金Science and Technology Project of Longgang District in Shenzhen, No. YW2007044, YLL2010064
文摘We used MRI to examine 38 healthy females and 38 female patients with empty sella syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid flow was examined in six regions of interest, including the anterior clinoid processes, posterior clinoid processes, and 1.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, --2.0 mm from the midpoint of the line between the anterior and posterior clinoid processes. The results revealed no significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity and discharge in a single cardiac cycle, or indicators of cardiac cycles in the control group, indicating that the cerebrospinal fluid flow was relatively steady in the saddle area of the normal brain. In the empty sella syndrome group, cerebrospinal fluid hernia into the saddle area triggered a fluctuation of the anterior and posterior clinoid processes in the saddle area, while the flow in other regions in the saddle area was relatively steady this resulted in significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity and discharge, as well as the cardiac cycle.
文摘The term'nuclear terrorism'refers to terrorists who are engaged in nuclear proliferation activities for terrorist attacks.At present,nuclear terrorism poses a growing threat to international security.It is,therefore,a pressing need for the
文摘China＇s economic expansion has generated a sense of optimism throughout South Asia. It＇s a region beset with armed conflicts, impoverishment and massive unemployment. The Belt and Road Initiative （BRI）, originally known as One Belt One Road, opens new vistas for Afghanistan to maximize her economic potential as a transit state connecting South and Central Asia. Bangladesh welcomes the shift in global center of economic gravity from west towards east and sees this as an opportunity to restore her historic connectivity with China. 1
