Ferrous chelate absorption is deemed a promising method for NO removal from flue gas, but the key problem is the difficulty to regenerate the absorption solution, i.e. the complexes of FeII(EDTA)NO and FeIII(EDTA) in ...Ferrous chelate absorption is deemed a promising method for NO removal from flue gas, but the key problem is the difficulty to regenerate the absorption solution, i.e. the complexes of FeII(EDTA)NO and FeIII(EDTA) in the solution. Two bacterial strains isolated recently from the sludge of the denitrification step of a municipal wastewater treatment plant could be applied effectively to regenerate the absorbent were Pseudomonas sp. and klebsiella trevisan sp. Pseudomonas sp. exhibited high reduction ability on FeII(EDTA)NO and the klebsiella trevisan sp. was more suitable for FeIII(EDTA) re-duction.展开更多
Trace Ⅴ(Ⅴ) catalyzes mightily the decolorization reaction of arsenazo Ⅲ(AsA Ⅲ) by oxidizing with H_2O_2 in a pH 4.0 HAc-NaAc buffer solution, and the addition of TritonX-100 can further increase the sensitivity of...Trace Ⅴ(Ⅴ) catalyzes mightily the decolorization reaction of arsenazo Ⅲ(AsA Ⅲ) by oxidizing with H_2O_2 in a pH 4.0 HAc-NaAc buffer solution, and the addition of TritonX-100 can further increase the sensitivity of the reaction and its catalytic extent is linear withthe content of Ⅴ(Ⅴ). A catalytic spectrophotometric procedure for determining trace Ⅴ(Ⅴ)wasdeveloped. The results show that the maximun absorption of the color solution is at 560 nm and thedetection limit of the method for Ⅴ(Ⅴ) is 0.014 mg·L^(-1). Beer's law is obeyed for Ⅴ(Ⅴ) in therange of 0.00-0.20 mg·L^(-1). The recoveries are 99.0%-104.6%, and the relative standarddeviations (RSD) are 2.7%-3.7%. Combined with ion-exchange resin, the method has been applied to thedetermination of trace vanadium in fly ash and coal gangue with satisfactory results.展开更多
In the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption, it is an obstacle that ferrous absorbents are easily oxidized by oxygen in the flue gas to ferric counterparts, which are not capabl...In the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption, it is an obstacle that ferrous absorbents are easily oxidized by oxygen in the flue gas to ferric counterparts, which are not capable of binding NO. By adding iron metal or electrochemical method, Fe III (EDTA) can be reduced to Fe II (EDTA). However, there are various drawbacks associated with these techniques. The dissimilatory reduction of Fe III (EDTA) with microorganisms in the system of nitric oxide removal by metal chelate absorption was investigated. Ammonium salt instead of nitrate was used as the nitrogen source, as nitrates inhibited the reduction of Fe III due to the competition between the two electron acceptors. Supplemental glucose and lactate stimulated the formation of Fe II more than ethanol as the carbon sources. The microorganisms cultured at 50℃ were not very sensitive to the other experimental temperature, the reduction percentage of Fe III varied little with the temperature range of 30—50℃. Concentrated Na 2CO 3 solution was added to adjust the solution pH to an optimal pH range of 6—7 The overall results revealed that the dissimilatory ferric reducing microorganisms present in the mix culture are probably neutrophilic, moderately thermophilic Fe III reducers.展开更多
The characteristic and mechanism of parachlorophenol(4-CP) degradation in an internal electrolysis system were investigated. The degradation rate of 4-CP was higher in acid solution than that of in neutral or alkaline...The characteristic and mechanism of parachlorophenol(4-CP) degradation in an internal electrolysis system were investigated. The degradation rate of 4-CP was higher in acid solution than that of in neutral or alkaline solution. Addition of activated carbon could make 4-CP easier be degraded by the surface contact catalysis. The dissolved oxygen in solution could take part in the electrode reaction and intensify the degradation of 4-CP. By the analysis of intermediates of degradation of 4-CP, it could be conferred that 4-CP was broken through the bond beside hydroxy firstly, then the bond beside chloride was broken and the chloride was dechlorinated simultaneously. Most intermediate products were glycerine, ethane diacid and acetic acid, while very few 1,4-butanedial and alcohols were found.展开更多
A novel fluidized electrochemical reactor that integrated advanced electrochemical oxidation with activated carbon (AC) fluidization in a single cell was developed to model pollutant p-nitrophenol (PNP) abatement. AC ...A novel fluidized electrochemical reactor that integrated advanced electrochemical oxidation with activated carbon (AC) fluidization in a single cell was developed to model pollutant p-nitrophenol (PNP) abatement. AC fluidization could enhance COD removal by 22%-30%. In such a combined process, synergetic effects on PNP and COD removal was found, with their removal rate being enhanced by 137.8% and 97.8%, respectively. AC could be electrochemically regenerated and reused, indicating the combined process would be promising for treatment of biorefractory organic pollutants.展开更多
Spark, stream and corona pulsed high-voltage discharges in water induced by the various initial conductivities have been examined in this paper. The discharge modes changed from spark to corona discharge with the liqu...Spark, stream and corona pulsed high-voltage discharges in water induced by the various initial conductivities have been examined in this paper. The discharge modes changed from spark to corona discharge with the liquid conductivity increasing. The apparent production of OH radical and quantum yield generated by spark discharge in distilled water were 11.57 ìmol/L and 0.0978 photon/s, respectively. A preliminary study on acid fuchsine (AF) treatment indicated that higher AF removal efficiency has been achieved by spark discharge. The process of degradation showed that the oxidative effects through OH radical oxidation did not play an important role and did increase with the discharge mode changing to spark discharge.展开更多
A novel metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique has been applied to the preparation of the photocatalytic titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon. The effects of various condition parameters...A novel metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique has been applied to the preparation of the photocatalytic titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon. The effects of various condition parameters such as carrier gas flow rate, source temperature and deposition temperature on the deposition rate were investigated. The maximum deposition rate of 8.2 mg/(g.h) was obtained under conditions of carrier gas flow rate of 400 ml/min, source temperature of 423 K and deposition temperature of 913 K. The deposition rate followed Arrhenius behavior at temperature of 753 K to 913 K, corresponding to activation energy Ea of 51.09 kJ/mol. TiO2 existed only in anatase phase when the deposition temperature was 773 K to 973 K. With increase of deposition temperature from 1073 K to 1273 K, the rutile content sharply increased from 7% to 70%. It was found that a deposition temperature of 773 K and a higher source temperature of 448 K resulted in finely dispersed TiO2 particles, which were mainly in the range of 10-20 nm.展开更多
Using the Penghu Islands as an example, this study investigates the influence of Asian dusts on the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols in Taiwan District in the year of 2002. An aerosol-sampling site w...Using the Penghu Islands as an example, this study investigates the influence of Asian dusts on the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols in Taiwan District in the year of 2002. An aerosol-sampling site was established at Xiaumen, the Penghu Islands, to collect sea level atmospheric aerosols for further analysis of their phys-icochemical properties. This study revealed that, during the sampling campaign, three Asian dust storms were trans-ported from North China and Mongolia to the Penghu Islands. The mass concentrations of atmospheric aerosols, par-ticularly PM2.5~10, were generally 2~3 times higher than the regular level. An increase of coarse particle mode in the size distribution of atmospheric aerosols further validated the invasion of Asian dusts. Moreover, the comparison of wa-ter-soluble ionic species, carbonaceous content, and metallic content of atmospheric aerosols indicated that Asian dusts could significantly influence the chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols in Taiwan District. A significant increase of Cl-, Br-, Na+, K+, SO42-, Mg2+ and Ca2+ concentration on coarse particle mode was observed. It suggested that not just natural soil dusts and oceanic spray, but also anthropogenic pollutants could accompany Asian dusts. Source appor-tionment of atmospheric aerosols indicated that the concentration (percentage) of aerosol particles contributed from soil dusts increased significantly from 20.98 mg.m-3 (29.2%) to 60.37 mg.m-3 (47.7%), and then decreased to the regular level of 22.44 mg.m-3 (28.2%).展开更多
The wastewater containing toxic and biorefractory pollutants such as aromatic compounds cannot be treated by conventional action due to their toxicity and structure stability, which has been one of the key technical d...The wastewater containing toxic and biorefractory pollutants such as aromatic compounds cannot be treated by conventional action due to their toxicity and structure stability, which has been one of the key technical difficulties in wastewater treatment in China.展开更多
Active control of low frequency sound radiation using planar secondary sources is theoretically investigated. The primary sound field originates from a vibrating panei and the planar secondary sources are modeled as s...Active control of low frequency sound radiation using planar secondary sources is theoretically investigated. The primary sound field originates from a vibrating panei and the planar secondary sources are modeled as simply supported rectangular panels in an infinite baffle. The sound power of the primary and secondary panels is calculated, and then a series of formulae are derived to obtain the optimum reduction in sound power. Finally, active reduction for a number of secondary panei arrangements is examined, it is concluded that when the modal distribution of the secondary panei does coincide with that of the primary panei, one secondary panei is sufficient. Otherwise four secondary panels can guarantee considerable reduction in sound power over entire frequency range of interest.展开更多
文摘Ferrous chelate absorption is deemed a promising method for NO removal from flue gas, but the key problem is the difficulty to regenerate the absorption solution, i.e. the complexes of FeII(EDTA)NO and FeIII(EDTA) in the solution. Two bacterial strains isolated recently from the sludge of the denitrification step of a municipal wastewater treatment plant could be applied effectively to regenerate the absorbent were Pseudomonas sp. and klebsiella trevisan sp. Pseudomonas sp. exhibited high reduction ability on FeII(EDTA)NO and the klebsiella trevisan sp. was more suitable for FeIII(EDTA) re-duction.
文摘Trace Ⅴ(Ⅴ) catalyzes mightily the decolorization reaction of arsenazo Ⅲ(AsA Ⅲ) by oxidizing with H_2O_2 in a pH 4.0 HAc-NaAc buffer solution, and the addition of TritonX-100 can further increase the sensitivity of the reaction and its catalytic extent is linear withthe content of Ⅴ(Ⅴ). A catalytic spectrophotometric procedure for determining trace Ⅴ(Ⅴ)wasdeveloped. The results show that the maximun absorption of the color solution is at 560 nm and thedetection limit of the method for Ⅴ(Ⅴ) is 0.014 mg·L^(-1). Beer's law is obeyed for Ⅴ(Ⅴ) in therange of 0.00-0.20 mg·L^(-1). The recoveries are 99.0%-104.6%, and the relative standarddeviations (RSD) are 2.7%-3.7%. Combined with ion-exchange resin, the method has been applied to thedetermination of trace vanadium in fly ash and coal gangue with satisfactory results.
文摘In the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption, it is an obstacle that ferrous absorbents are easily oxidized by oxygen in the flue gas to ferric counterparts, which are not capable of binding NO. By adding iron metal or electrochemical method, Fe III (EDTA) can be reduced to Fe II (EDTA). However, there are various drawbacks associated with these techniques. The dissimilatory reduction of Fe III (EDTA) with microorganisms in the system of nitric oxide removal by metal chelate absorption was investigated. Ammonium salt instead of nitrate was used as the nitrogen source, as nitrates inhibited the reduction of Fe III due to the competition between the two electron acceptors. Supplemental glucose and lactate stimulated the formation of Fe II more than ethanol as the carbon sources. The microorganisms cultured at 50℃ were not very sensitive to the other experimental temperature, the reduction percentage of Fe III varied little with the temperature range of 30—50℃. Concentrated Na 2CO 3 solution was added to adjust the solution pH to an optimal pH range of 6—7 The overall results revealed that the dissimilatory ferric reducing microorganisms present in the mix culture are probably neutrophilic, moderately thermophilic Fe III reducers.
文摘The characteristic and mechanism of parachlorophenol(4-CP) degradation in an internal electrolysis system were investigated. The degradation rate of 4-CP was higher in acid solution than that of in neutral or alkaline solution. Addition of activated carbon could make 4-CP easier be degraded by the surface contact catalysis. The dissolved oxygen in solution could take part in the electrode reaction and intensify the degradation of 4-CP. By the analysis of intermediates of degradation of 4-CP, it could be conferred that 4-CP was broken through the bond beside hydroxy firstly, then the bond beside chloride was broken and the chloride was dechlorinated simultaneously. Most intermediate products were glycerine, ethane diacid and acetic acid, while very few 1,4-butanedial and alcohols were found.
文摘A novel fluidized electrochemical reactor that integrated advanced electrochemical oxidation with activated carbon (AC) fluidization in a single cell was developed to model pollutant p-nitrophenol (PNP) abatement. AC fluidization could enhance COD removal by 22%-30%. In such a combined process, synergetic effects on PNP and COD removal was found, with their removal rate being enhanced by 137.8% and 97.8%, respectively. AC could be electrochemically regenerated and reused, indicating the combined process would be promising for treatment of biorefractory organic pollutants.
文摘Spark, stream and corona pulsed high-voltage discharges in water induced by the various initial conductivities have been examined in this paper. The discharge modes changed from spark to corona discharge with the liquid conductivity increasing. The apparent production of OH radical and quantum yield generated by spark discharge in distilled water were 11.57 ìmol/L and 0.0978 photon/s, respectively. A preliminary study on acid fuchsine (AF) treatment indicated that higher AF removal efficiency has been achieved by spark discharge. The process of degradation showed that the oxidative effects through OH radical oxidation did not play an important role and did increase with the discharge mode changing to spark discharge.
文摘A novel metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique has been applied to the preparation of the photocatalytic titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon. The effects of various condition parameters such as carrier gas flow rate, source temperature and deposition temperature on the deposition rate were investigated. The maximum deposition rate of 8.2 mg/(g.h) was obtained under conditions of carrier gas flow rate of 400 ml/min, source temperature of 423 K and deposition temperature of 913 K. The deposition rate followed Arrhenius behavior at temperature of 753 K to 913 K, corresponding to activation energy Ea of 51.09 kJ/mol. TiO2 existed only in anatase phase when the deposition temperature was 773 K to 973 K. With increase of deposition temperature from 1073 K to 1273 K, the rutile content sharply increased from 7% to 70%. It was found that a deposition temperature of 773 K and a higher source temperature of 448 K resulted in finely dispersed TiO2 particles, which were mainly in the range of 10-20 nm.
文摘Using the Penghu Islands as an example, this study investigates the influence of Asian dusts on the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols in Taiwan District in the year of 2002. An aerosol-sampling site was established at Xiaumen, the Penghu Islands, to collect sea level atmospheric aerosols for further analysis of their phys-icochemical properties. This study revealed that, during the sampling campaign, three Asian dust storms were trans-ported from North China and Mongolia to the Penghu Islands. The mass concentrations of atmospheric aerosols, par-ticularly PM2.5~10, were generally 2~3 times higher than the regular level. An increase of coarse particle mode in the size distribution of atmospheric aerosols further validated the invasion of Asian dusts. Moreover, the comparison of wa-ter-soluble ionic species, carbonaceous content, and metallic content of atmospheric aerosols indicated that Asian dusts could significantly influence the chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols in Taiwan District. A significant increase of Cl-, Br-, Na+, K+, SO42-, Mg2+ and Ca2+ concentration on coarse particle mode was observed. It suggested that not just natural soil dusts and oceanic spray, but also anthropogenic pollutants could accompany Asian dusts. Source appor-tionment of atmospheric aerosols indicated that the concentration (percentage) of aerosol particles contributed from soil dusts increased significantly from 20.98 mg.m-3 (29.2%) to 60.37 mg.m-3 (47.7%), and then decreased to the regular level of 22.44 mg.m-3 (28.2%).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20306027)the Interna-tional Foundation for Science(w/3553-1).
文摘The wastewater containing toxic and biorefractory pollutants such as aromatic compounds cannot be treated by conventional action due to their toxicity and structure stability, which has been one of the key technical difficulties in wastewater treatment in China.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10274060)
文摘Active control of low frequency sound radiation using planar secondary sources is theoretically investigated. The primary sound field originates from a vibrating panei and the planar secondary sources are modeled as simply supported rectangular panels in an infinite baffle. The sound power of the primary and secondary panels is calculated, and then a series of formulae are derived to obtain the optimum reduction in sound power. Finally, active reduction for a number of secondary panei arrangements is examined, it is concluded that when the modal distribution of the secondary panei does coincide with that of the primary panei, one secondary panei is sufficient. Otherwise four secondary panels can guarantee considerable reduction in sound power over entire frequency range of interest.
