Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewab...Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewable and multifunctional platform for green nanotechnologies.Recent advances in wood nanotechnology have enabled the transformation of natural wood into programmable substrates with tailored nanoarchitectures,establishing it as a representative class of bio-based nanomaterials.This review systematically categorizes wood-specific nanoengineering strategies—including thermal carbonization,laser-induced graphenization,targeted delignification,nanomaterial integration,and mechanical processing—highlighting their mechanisms and impacts on wood's multiscale structural and functional properties.Importantly,these functionalization strategies can be flexibly combined in a modular,“Lego-like”manner,enabling wood to be reconfigured and optimized for diverse application scenarios.We summarize recent progress in applying functionalized wood to sustainable technologies such as energy storage(e.g.,metal-ion batteries,Zn-air systems,supercapacitors),water treatment(e.g.,adsorption,photothermal filtration,catalytic degradation),and energy conversion(e.g.,solar evaporation,ionic thermoelectrics,hydrovoltaics,and triboelectric nanogenerators).These studies reveal how nanoengineered wood structures can enable efficient charge transport,selective adsorption,and enhanced light-to-heat conversion.Finally,the review discusses current challenges—such as scalable fabrication,material integration,and long-term environmental stability—and outlines future directions for the development of wood-based platforms in next-generation green energy and environmental systems.展开更多
Micellar nanostructures formed by amphiphilic polymers are prone to dissociation when the in vivo environment changes.Polyprodrug micelles can cross-link with other hydrophobic drugs through noncovalent bonds,which ha...Micellar nanostructures formed by amphiphilic polymers are prone to dissociation when the in vivo environment changes.Polyprodrug micelles can cross-link with other hydrophobic drugs through noncovalent bonds,which has the advantage of fixed structure and avoids the use of chemical cross-linking agents.In this study,we prepared a polyprodrug with hydrophobic curcumin(CUR)and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)in the main chain through a click reaction between CUR derivatives containing azide groups and di-alkynly-capped PEG.Due to the presence of benzene rings in the structure of CUR,the polyprodrug can form non-covalent cross-linked nanoparticles(NCCL-CUR NPs)through hydrophobic andπ-πstacking interaction.The structure,molecular weight,and self-assembly properties of the polyprodrug were characterized.The anti-cancer drug camptothecin(CPT)was encapsulated in the polyprodrug nanoparticles,producing dual-drug-loaded nanoparticles(abbreviated as CPT@NCCL-CUR NPs).The test results indicate that the NPs have reductive responsiveness and can release the original drugs CUR and CPT in phosphate buffer(PB)solution containing glutathione(GSH),while remaining stability in physiological environment.Cell and in vivo experiments further demonstrate that the dualdrug-loaded CPT@NCCL-CUR NPs can inhibit the growth of tumor through synergistic effects.This work provides a valuable approach for the preparation of amphiphilic polyprodrug with anti-tumor CUR as the backbone,and the stable dual-drug-loaded NPs containing both CUR and CPT through non-covalent cross-linking for synergistic therapy.展开更多
The development of effective and safe vehicles to deliver small interfering RNA(siRNA) and chemotherapeutics remains a major challenge in RNA interference-based combination therapy with chemotherapeutics,which has eme...The development of effective and safe vehicles to deliver small interfering RNA(siRNA) and chemotherapeutics remains a major challenge in RNA interference-based combination therapy with chemotherapeutics,which has emerged as a powerful platform to treat drug-resistant cancer cells.Herein,we describe the development of novel all-in-one fluorescent silicon nanoparticles(SiNPs)-based nanomedicine platform for imaging-guided co-delivery of siRNA and doxorubicin(DOX).This approach enhanced therapeutic efficacy in multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells(i.e.,MCF-7/ADR cells).Typically,the SiNP-based nanocarriers enhanced the stability of siRNA in a biological environment(i.e.,medium or RNase A) and imparted the responsive release behavior of siRNA,resulting in approximately 80% down-regulation of P-glycoprotein expression.Co-delivery of P-glycoprotein siRNA and DOX led to>35-fold decrease in the half maximal inhibitory concentration of DOX in comparison with free DOX,indicating the pronounced therapeutic efficiency of the resultant nanocomposites for drug-resistant breast cancer cells.The intracellular time-dependent release behaviors of siRNA and DOX were revealed through tracking the strong and stable fluorescence of SiNPs.These data provide valuable information for designing effective RNA interference-based co-delivery carriers.展开更多
Metal sulfide nanomaterials have attracted great interest because of their excellent properties and promising applications in sensing,energy harvesting,magnetic and optoelectronic devices,especially their well-aligned...Metal sulfide nanomaterials have attracted great interest because of their excellent properties and promising applications in sensing,energy harvesting,magnetic and optoelectronic devices,especially their well-aligned crystalline nanostructures are highly desirable for the enhanced performance and novel applications.In this study,the cobalt monosulfide(CoS)nanofibers with uniform shape and good crystallinity were firstly obtained via electrospinning and atmospheric calcination routes under controllable conditions.It was found that the CoS nanofibers exhibited ethanol sensing properties at the optimum working temperature of 200℃,the response was 11.6 toward 100×10^(-6) ethanol gas,and the CoS nanofibersbased sensor exhibits a short response time and recovery time of 5 and 6 s at the optimum temperature,respectively,the result also shows that the sensor has good stability after 50 days,which would be a favorable characteristic as a promising sensor.In addition,the Pauli paramagnetic property of CoS nanofibers was also investigated at room temperature.展开更多
Organic field-effect transistors(OFETs) based on organic micro-/nanocrystals have been widely reported with charge carrier mobility exceeding 1.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1), demonstrating great potential for high-performance, l...Organic field-effect transistors(OFETs) based on organic micro-/nanocrystals have been widely reported with charge carrier mobility exceeding 1.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1), demonstrating great potential for high-performance, low-cost organic electronic applications. However, fabrication of large-area organic micro-/nanocrystal arrays with consistent crystal growth direction has posed a significant technical challenge. Here, we describe a solution-processed dip-coating technique to grow large-area, aligned 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl) anthracene(BPEA) and 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene(TIPSPEN) single-crystalline nanoribbon arrays. The method is scalable to a 5 9 10 cm^2 wafer substrate, with around 60% of the wafer surface covered by aligned crystals. The quality of crystals can be easily controlled by tuning the dip-coating speed. Furthermore, OFETs based on well-aligned BPEA and TIPS-PEN single-crystalline nanoribbons were constructed.By optimizing channel lengths and using appropriate metallic electrodes, the BPEA and TIPS-PEN-based OFETs showed hole mobility exceeding 2.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)(average mobility 1.2 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)) and 3.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)(average mobility2.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)), respectively. They both have a high on/off ratio(I_(on)/I_(off))>10~9. The performance can well satisfy the requirements for light-emitting diodes driving.展开更多
Continuous deforming always leads to the performance degradation of a flexible triboelectric nanogenerator due to the Young’s modulus mismatch of different functional layers.In this work,we fabricated a fiber-shaped ...Continuous deforming always leads to the performance degradation of a flexible triboelectric nanogenerator due to the Young’s modulus mismatch of different functional layers.In this work,we fabricated a fiber-shaped stretchable and tailorable triboelectric nanogenerator(FST-TENG)based on the geometric construction of a steel wire as electrode and ingenious selection of silicone rubber as triboelectric layer.Owing to the great robustness and continuous conductivity,the FST-TENGs demonstrate high stability,stretchability,and even tailorability.For a single device with ~6 cm in length and ~3 mm in diameter,the open-circuit voltage of ~59.7 V,transferred charge of ~23.7 nC,short-circuit current of ~2.67 μA and average power of ~2.13 μW can be obtained at 2.5 Hz.By knitting several FST-TENGs to be a fabric or a bracelet,it enables to harvest human motion energy and then to drive a wearable electronic device.Finally,it can also be woven on dorsum of glove to monitor the movements of gesture,which can recognize every single finger,different bending angle,and numbers of bent finger by analyzing voltage signals.展开更多
Due to the negative roles of tumor microenvironment(TME)in compromising therapeutic responses of various cancer therapies,it is expected that modulation of TME may be able to enhance the therapeutic responses during c...Due to the negative roles of tumor microenvironment(TME)in compromising therapeutic responses of various cancer therapies,it is expected that modulation of TME may be able to enhance the therapeutic responses during cancer treatment.Herein,we develop a concise strategy to prepare pH-responsive nanoparticles via the CaCO3-assisted double emulsion method,thereby enabling effective co-encapsulation of both doxorubicin(DOX),an immunogenic cell death(ICD)inducer,and alkylated NLG919(aNLG919),an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1).The obtained DOX/aNLG919-loaded CaCO3 nanoparticles(DNCaNPs)are able to cause effective ICD of cancer cells and at the same time restrict the production of immunosuppressive kynurenine by inhibiting IDO1.Upon intravenous injection,such DNCaNPs show efficient tumor accumulation,improved tumor penetration of therapeutics and neutralization of acidic TME.As a result,those DNCaNPs can elicit effective anti-tumor immune responses featured in increased density of tumor-infiltrating CD8+cytotoxic T cells as well as depletion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells(Tregs),thus effectively suppressing the growth of subcutaneous CT26 and orthotopic 4T1 tumors on the Balb/c mice through combined chemotherapy&immunotherapy.This study presents a compendious strategy for construction of pH-responsive nanoparticles,endowing significantly enhanced chemo-immunotherapy of cancer by overcoming the immunosuppressive TME.展开更多
Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to value-added fuels and chemicals is recognized as a promising strategy to alleviate energy shortages and global warming owing to its high efficiency and economic feasibility.Recently,...Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to value-added fuels and chemicals is recognized as a promising strategy to alleviate energy shortages and global warming owing to its high efficiency and economic feasibility.Recently,understanding the activity origin,selectivity regulation,and reaction mechanisms of CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RRs)has become the focus of efficient electrocatalyst design.Polyoxometalates(POMs),a unique class of nanosized metal-oxo clusters,are promising candidates for the development of efficient CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts and,owing to their well-defined structure,remarkable electron/proton storage and transfer ability,and capacities for adsorption and activation of CO_(2),are ideal models for investigating the activity origin and reaction mechanisms of CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.In this review,we focus on the activity origin and mechanism of CO_(2)RRs and survey recent advances that were achieved by employing POMs in electrocatalytic CO_(2)RRs.We highlight the significant roles of POMs in the electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR process and the main factors influencing selectivity regulation and catalytic CO_(2)RR performance,including the electrolyte,electron-transfer process,and surface characteristics.Finally,we offer a perspective of the advantages and future challenges of POM-based materials in electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction that could inform new advancements in this promising research field.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery with a new configuration is demonstrated by inserting a flexible nitrogen-doping carbon nanofiber(N-CNFs)interlayer between the sulfur cathode and the separator.The N-CNFs film with high ...Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery with a new configuration is demonstrated by inserting a flexible nitrogen-doping carbon nanofiber(N-CNFs)interlayer between the sulfur cathode and the separator.The N-CNFs film with high surface roughness and surface area is fabricated by electrospinning and a subsequent calcination process.The N-CNFs film interlayer not only effectively traps the shuttling migration of polysulfides but also gives the whole battery reliable electronic conductivity,which can effectively enhance the electrochemical performance of Li–S batteries.Finally,Li–S batteries with long cycling stability of 785 mAh/g after 200 cycles and good rate capability of 573 mAh/g at 5 C are achieved.展开更多
Due to the quantum size effect and other unique photoelectric properties,quantum dots(QDs)have attracted tremendous interest in nanoscience,leading a lot of milestone works.Meantime,the scope and scientific connotatio...Due to the quantum size effect and other unique photoelectric properties,quantum dots(QDs)have attracted tremendous interest in nanoscience,leading a lot of milestone works.Meantime,the scope and scientific connotation of QDs are constantly expanding,which demonstrated amazing development vitality.Besides the well-developed Cd-containing Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductors,QDs of environmentally friendly Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ(Ⅰ=Cu,Ag;Ⅲ=Ga,In;Ⅵ=S,Se)chalcogenides have been a hot spot in the QDs family,which are different from traditional Ⅱ-Ⅵ QDs in terms of multi-composition,complex defect structure,synthetic chemistry and optical properties,bringing a series of new laws,new phenomena and new challenges.The composition of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ chalcogenides and their solid solutions can be adjusted within a very large range while the anion framework remains stable,giving them excellent capability of photoelectric property manipulation.The important features of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs include wide-range bandgap tuning,large Stokes shift and long photoluminescence(PL)lifetime,which are crucial for biological,optoelectronic and energy applications.This is due to the coexistence of two or more metal cations leading to a large number of intrinsic defects within the crystal lattice also known as deep-donor-acceptor states,besides the commonly observed surface defects in all QDs.However,a profound understanding of their structure and optoelectronic properties remains a huge challenge with many key issues unclear.On one hand,the achievements and experience of traditional QD research are expected to provide vital value for further development of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs.On the other hand,the understanding of the emerging new QDs,such as carbon and other 2D materials,are even more challenging because of the dramatically different composition and structure from Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductors.For this,Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs,as a close relative to Ⅱ-Ⅵ QDs but with much more complex composition and structure variation,provide a great opportunity as a gradual bridge to make up the big gap between traditional QDs and emerging new QDs,such as carbon dots.Here,we hope to compare the research progress of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs and Ⅱ-Ⅵ QDs,in an effort to comprehensively understand their structure,synthetic chemistry,optical electronic and photocatalytic properties.We further give insights on the key potential issues of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs from the perspective of bridging between traditional QDs and emerging carbon dots,especially the profound principles behind synthetic chemistry,PL mechanism and optoelectronic applications.展开更多
We present a straightforward physical approach for synthesizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-Pd Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles(NPs), which allows predesign and control of the metal compositional ratio by simply...We present a straightforward physical approach for synthesizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-Pd Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles(NPs), which allows predesign and control of the metal compositional ratio by simply adjusting the sputtering targets and conditions. The small-sized CNTs-Pd Au/Pt NPs(~3 nm, Pd/Au/Pt ratio of 3:1:2) act as nanocatalysts for the methanol oxidationreaction(MOR), showing excellent performance with electrocatalytic peak current of 4.4 A mg^(-1) Pt and high stability over 7000 s. The electrocatalytic activity and stability of the Pd Au/Pt trimetallic NPs are much superior to those of the corresponding Pd/Pt and Au/Pt bimetallic NPs,as well as a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Systematic investigation of the microscopic, crystalline, and electronic structure of the Pd Au/Pt NPs reveals alloying and charge redistribution in the Pd Au/Pt NPs, which are responsible for the promotion of the electrocatalytic performance.展开更多
In order to overcome the limitation of traditional active nano-therapeutic drugs on tumor targeting efficiency which cannot reach the receptor/target in sufficient amount in the body,in this work,we developed a monocl...In order to overcome the limitation of traditional active nano-therapeutic drugs on tumor targeting efficiency which cannot reach the receptor/target in sufficient amount in the body,in this work,we developed a monoclonal antibody(mAb)and a polymer-hyd-doxorubicin prodrug conjugate,which enables the self-assembled nanoparticles to have precise targeting,tumor tissue aggregation and pH-sensitive drug release.We first prepared an amphiphilic polymer prodrug,abbreviated as H2N-PEEP-b-PBYP-hyd-DOX,via a combination of ring-opening polymerization(ROP)and"click"chemistry,in which PEEP and PBYP represent two kinds of phosphoester segmemts,-hyd-is hydrazone bond.After self-assembly into prodrug nanoparticles(PDNPs)with a diameter of about 93 nm,CD147 mAb was conjugated onto the PDNPs by EDC/NHS chemistry to form mAb-PDNPs.For the PDNPs and mAb-PDNPs,we also investigated their stability,in vitro drug release behavior and cellular uptake.The results showed that the pH-responsive PDNPs can remain relatively stable under the condition of PB 7.4 buffer solution.However,under acidic conditions or in the presence of phosphodiesterase I(PDE I),both the amount and rate of DOX release increased at the same incubation period.Cytotoxicity assay showed that mAb-PDNPs exhibited higher cytotoxicity(IC50:1.12 mg·L^(-1))against HepG2 cells than PDNPs(IC50:2.62 mg·L^(-1))without monoclonal antibody.The nanoparticles with antibodies mAb-PDNPs have relatively better stability and can directly achieve the targeting drug delivery through CD147 mAb.展开更多
Polymeric organic battery materials are promising alternatives to the transition-metal-based ones owing to their enriched chemistries. However, the flammability of organic compounds brings in serious concern on batter...Polymeric organic battery materials are promising alternatives to the transition-metal-based ones owing to their enriched chemistries. However, the flammability of organic compounds brings in serious concern on battery safety. In addition to use flame-retarding electrolyte/electrolyte additives or battery separators,flame retardancy can readily be achieved through the integration of flame-retarding unit into the polymer backbone, imparting the flame retardancy permanently. The as-designed polymer based on phenothiazine shows significantly shortened self-extinguished time without deteriorating its intrinsic thermodynamic and electrochemical properties. Moreover, two electron per phenothiazine molecule is realized for the first time in a highly reversible manner with discharge voltages of 3.52 V and 4.16 V versus Li+/Li and an average capacity of ca. 120 mAh g-1 at a current rate of 2 C. The origin of the reversibility is investigated through density functional theory(DFT) calculations. These findings address the importance of molecular design for safer and more stable organic materials for batteries.展开更多
The development of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) that bears high selectivity,exceptional activity,and long-term stability is crucial for advancing various green energy technologies.Intermetal...The development of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) that bears high selectivity,exceptional activity,and long-term stability is crucial for advancing various green energy technologies.Intermetallics composed of platinum and transition metals are considered to be promising candidates for this purpose.However,they typically face challenges such as unfavorable intrinsic activity and a propensity for particle aggregation,diminishing their ORR performance.Against this backdrop,we present our findings on a N-doped carbon confined Pt_(3)Co intermetallic doped with p-block metal tin(Pt_(3)Co_(x)Sn_(1-x)/NC).The introduction of Sn induces lattice strain due to its larger atomic size,which leads to the distortion of the Pt_(3)Co lattice structure,while the coupling of carbon polyhedra inhibits the particle aggregation.The optimized Pt_(3)Co_(0.8)Sn_(0.2)/NC catalyst demonstrates an impressive half-wave potential of 0.86 V versus RHE,surpassing both Pt_(3)Co/NC and Pt_(3)Sn/NC catalysts.Moreover,the Pt_(3)Co_(0.8)Sn_(0.2)/NC exhibits a mass-specific activity as high as 1.4 A mg_(Pt)^(-1),ranking it in the top level among the intermetallicsbased ORR electrocatalysts.When further employed as a cathode material in a self-assembled zinc-air battery,it shows stable operation for over 80 h.These results underscore the significant impact of lattice strain engineering through the strategic doping of p-block metal in the carbon-confined Pt_(3)Co intermetallic,thereby enhancing the catalytic efficiency for the ORR.展开更多
In-situ observation of the charge transfer plays a key role in understanding the working mechanism of hematite for solar water oxidation.Here by using in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),the electron injection ...In-situ observation of the charge transfer plays a key role in understanding the working mechanism of hematite for solar water oxidation.Here by using in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),the electron injection from illuminated hematite(photon-excited electron)to the surface carbon layer can be clearly identified,which can facilitate the charge separation and then improve the performance.As a result,the carbon-coated and Sn-doped hematite photoanode(C-Sn-Fe_(2)O_(3))shows a greatly enhanced photocurrent density of 2.3 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 VRHE,which is 2.3 times that of the pristine hematite.The injected electron can modify the chemical state of surface groups in the carbon layer and be quickly transferred to the electrode due to the high conductivity of the carbon layer,leaving behind the high-valence Fe^(4+)with high oxidation capability to enhance the performance.By coupling with the FeNiOOH co-catalyst,the photoanode can finally achieve a high photocurrent density of 3.0 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 VRHE with a low onset potential of 0.76 VRHE.The understanding of the charge migration route by using in-situ XAS offers a novel way for the design of highly efficient solar water oxidation materials.展开更多
Surface with well-defined components and structures possesses unique electronic,magnetic,optical and chemical properties.As a result,surface chemistry research plays a crucial role in various fields such as catalysis,...Surface with well-defined components and structures possesses unique electronic,magnetic,optical and chemical properties.As a result,surface chemistry research plays a crucial role in various fields such as catalysis,energy,materials,quantum,and microelectronics.Surface science mainly investigates the correspondence between surface property and functionality.Scanning probe microscopy(SPM)techniques are important tools to characterize surface properties because of the capability of atomic-scale imaging,spectroscopy and manipulation at the single-atom level.In this review,we summarize recent advances in surface electronic,magnetic and optical properties characterized mainly by SPM-based methods.We focus on elucidating theπ-magnetism in graphene-based nanostructures,construction of spin qubits on surfaces,topology properties of surface organic structures,STM-based light emission,tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and integration of machine learning in SPM studies.展开更多
Metal-free carbon-based catalysts exhibit diverse electrocatalytic performances in CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),but the attributions and contributions of active sites are still confusing to date.Herein,the hier...Metal-free carbon-based catalysts exhibit diverse electrocatalytic performances in CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),but the attributions and contributions of active sites are still confusing to date.Herein,the hierarchical carbon nanocages(hCNC)doped with different heteroatoms(B,N,P,S)are prepared to examine the impact of dopants on the competitive CO_(2)RR and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The hCNC and P-doped hCNC show little CO_(2)RR activity,B-and S-doped hCNC show weak CO_(2)RR activity,while N-doped hCNC presents high CO_(2)RR activity.The CO Faradaic efficiency(FECO)of N-containing hCNC increases almost linearly with increasing the N content,even with the co-existing B or P.S and SN-doped hCNC more facilitate the HER.16 doping configurations are constructed,and up to 53 sites are examined CO_(2) H2O H2 CO*H*COOH*CO for the electrochemical activities with a constant potential modelling method.The pyridinic-N(N^(*))is the best active site for CO_(2)RR to CO,while CBO_(2)H_(2)-1(αC^(*)),CBO_(2)H_(2)-2(γC^(*)),NO-1(βC^(*)),PO_(2)H-3(αC^(*))and SO_(3)H-3(δC^(*))are active for HER.The optimized FECO achieves 83.6%for N-doped hCNC with 9.54 at.%nitrogen,and S-doped hCNC reaches ca.30 mA·cm^(-2) current density for HER.This study unveils the structure-performance correlation of heteroatom-doped hCNC,which is conducive to the rational design of advanced metal-free carbon-based catalysts.展开更多
Looking toward world technology trends over the next few decades, self-powered sensing networks are a key field of technological and economic driver for global industries. Since 2006, Zhong Lin Wang's group has pr...Looking toward world technology trends over the next few decades, self-powered sensing networks are a key field of technological and economic driver for global industries. Since 2006, Zhong Lin Wang's group has proposed a novel concept of nanogenerators(NGs), including piezoelectric nanogenerator and triboelectric nanogenerator, which could convert a mechanical trigger into an electric output. Considering motion ubiquitously exists in the surrounding environment and for any most common materials used every day, NGs could be inherently served as an energy source for our daily increasing requirements or as one of self-powered environmental sensors. In this regard, by coupling the piezoelectric or triboelectric properties with semiconducting gas sensing characterization, a new research field of self-powered gas sensing has been proposed. Recent works have shown promising concept to realize NG-based self-powered gas sensors that are capable of detecting gas environment without the need of external power sources to activate the gas sensors or to actively generate a readout signal. Compared with conventional sensors, these self-powered gas sensors keep the approximate performance.Meanwhile, these sensors drastically reduce power consumption and additionally reduce the required space for integration,which are significantly suitable for the wearable devices. This paper gives a brief summary about the establishment and latest progress in the fundamental principle, updated progress and potential applications of NG-based self-powered gas sensing system. The development trend in this field is envisaged, and the basic configurations are also introduced.展开更多
Photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation is a promising approach to address the environmental pollution and energy crisis.In this work,we present a hybridized mechanical and solar energy-driven selfpowered hydrogen pr...Photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation is a promising approach to address the environmental pollution and energy crisis.In this work,we present a hybridized mechanical and solar energy-driven selfpowered hydrogen production system.A rotatory disc-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator was employed to harvest mechanical energy from water and functions as a su cient external power source.WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction photoanode was synthesized in a PEC water-splitting cell to produce H2.After transformation and rectification,the peak current reaches 0.1 m A at the rotation speed of 60 rpm.In this case,the H2 evolution process only occurs with sunlight irradiation.When the rotation speed is over 130 rpm,the peak photocurrent and peak dark current have nearly equal value.Direct electrolysis of water is almost simultaneous with photoelectrocatalysis of water.It is worth noting that the hydrogen production rate increases to 5.45 and 7.27μL min-1 without or with light illumination at 160 rpm.The corresponding energy conversion e ciency is calculated to be 2.43%and 2.59%,respectively.All the results demonstrate such a self-powered system can successfully achieve the PEC hydrogen generation,exhibiting promising possibility of energy conversion.展开更多
Traditional triboelectric tactile sensors based on solid–solid interface have illustrated promising application prospects through optimization approach.However,the poor sensitivity and reliability caused by hard cont...Traditional triboelectric tactile sensors based on solid–solid interface have illustrated promising application prospects through optimization approach.However,the poor sensitivity and reliability caused by hard contact-electrification still poses challenges for the practical applications.In this work,a liquid–solid interface ferrofluid-based triboelectric tactile sensor(FTTS)with ultrahigh sensitivity is proposed.Relying on the fluidity and magnetism of ferrofluid,the topography of microstructure can be flexibly adjusted by directly employing ferrofluid as triboelectric material and controlling the position of outward magnet.To date,an ultrahigh sensitivity of 21.48 k Pa;for the triboelectric sensors can be achieved due to the high spike microstructure,low Young’s modulus of ferrofluid and efficient solid–liquid interface contact-electrification.The detection limit of FTTS of 1.25 Pa with a wide detection range to 390 k Pa was also obtained.In addition,the oleophobic property between ferrofluid and poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene triboelectric layer can greatly reduce the wear and tear,resulting in the great improvement of stability.Finally,a strategy for personalized password lock with high security level has been demonstrated,illustrating a great perspective for practical application in smart home,artificial intelligence,Internet of things,etc.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Plan(No.2023YFB3209203)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62333012,No.92248302)+3 种基金supported by Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Embodied Intelligence Robotics Technologythe Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technologythe 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices。
文摘Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewable and multifunctional platform for green nanotechnologies.Recent advances in wood nanotechnology have enabled the transformation of natural wood into programmable substrates with tailored nanoarchitectures,establishing it as a representative class of bio-based nanomaterials.This review systematically categorizes wood-specific nanoengineering strategies—including thermal carbonization,laser-induced graphenization,targeted delignification,nanomaterial integration,and mechanical processing—highlighting their mechanisms and impacts on wood's multiscale structural and functional properties.Importantly,these functionalization strategies can be flexibly combined in a modular,“Lego-like”manner,enabling wood to be reconfigured and optimized for diverse application scenarios.We summarize recent progress in applying functionalized wood to sustainable technologies such as energy storage(e.g.,metal-ion batteries,Zn-air systems,supercapacitors),water treatment(e.g.,adsorption,photothermal filtration,catalytic degradation),and energy conversion(e.g.,solar evaporation,ionic thermoelectrics,hydrovoltaics,and triboelectric nanogenerators).These studies reveal how nanoengineered wood structures can enable efficient charge transport,selective adsorption,and enhanced light-to-heat conversion.Finally,the review discusses current challenges—such as scalable fabrication,material integration,and long-term environmental stability—and outlines future directions for the development of wood-based platforms in next-generation green energy and environmental systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21975169)the Project Fund of the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions+2 种基金the Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function of Soochow Universitythe Research project of China Baoyuan Investment Co.,Ltd.Suzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(No.SKY2023051)。
文摘Micellar nanostructures formed by amphiphilic polymers are prone to dissociation when the in vivo environment changes.Polyprodrug micelles can cross-link with other hydrophobic drugs through noncovalent bonds,which has the advantage of fixed structure and avoids the use of chemical cross-linking agents.In this study,we prepared a polyprodrug with hydrophobic curcumin(CUR)and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)in the main chain through a click reaction between CUR derivatives containing azide groups and di-alkynly-capped PEG.Due to the presence of benzene rings in the structure of CUR,the polyprodrug can form non-covalent cross-linked nanoparticles(NCCL-CUR NPs)through hydrophobic andπ-πstacking interaction.The structure,molecular weight,and self-assembly properties of the polyprodrug were characterized.The anti-cancer drug camptothecin(CPT)was encapsulated in the polyprodrug nanoparticles,producing dual-drug-loaded nanoparticles(abbreviated as CPT@NCCL-CUR NPs).The test results indicate that the NPs have reductive responsiveness and can release the original drugs CUR and CPT in phosphate buffer(PB)solution containing glutathione(GSH),while remaining stability in physiological environment.Cell and in vivo experiments further demonstrate that the dualdrug-loaded CPT@NCCL-CUR NPs can inhibit the growth of tumor through synergistic effects.This work provides a valuable approach for the preparation of amphiphilic polyprodrug with anti-tumor CUR as the backbone,and the stable dual-drug-loaded NPs containing both CUR and CPT through non-covalent cross-linking for synergistic therapy.
基金financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2013CB934400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21825402,31400860,21575096,and 21605109)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20170061)a Project funded by Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology(NANO-CIC)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the 111 Project as well as Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
文摘The development of effective and safe vehicles to deliver small interfering RNA(siRNA) and chemotherapeutics remains a major challenge in RNA interference-based combination therapy with chemotherapeutics,which has emerged as a powerful platform to treat drug-resistant cancer cells.Herein,we describe the development of novel all-in-one fluorescent silicon nanoparticles(SiNPs)-based nanomedicine platform for imaging-guided co-delivery of siRNA and doxorubicin(DOX).This approach enhanced therapeutic efficacy in multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells(i.e.,MCF-7/ADR cells).Typically,the SiNP-based nanocarriers enhanced the stability of siRNA in a biological environment(i.e.,medium or RNase A) and imparted the responsive release behavior of siRNA,resulting in approximately 80% down-regulation of P-glycoprotein expression.Co-delivery of P-glycoprotein siRNA and DOX led to>35-fold decrease in the half maximal inhibitory concentration of DOX in comparison with free DOX,indicating the pronounced therapeutic efficiency of the resultant nanocomposites for drug-resistant breast cancer cells.The intracellular time-dependent release behaviors of siRNA and DOX were revealed through tracking the strong and stable fluorescence of SiNPs.These data provide valuable information for designing effective RNA interference-based co-delivery carriers.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51227804)the Postdoctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Qingdao and National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of China(No.G201911065028)College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Qingdao University(No.X202011065055)。
文摘Metal sulfide nanomaterials have attracted great interest because of their excellent properties and promising applications in sensing,energy harvesting,magnetic and optoelectronic devices,especially their well-aligned crystalline nanostructures are highly desirable for the enhanced performance and novel applications.In this study,the cobalt monosulfide(CoS)nanofibers with uniform shape and good crystallinity were firstly obtained via electrospinning and atmospheric calcination routes under controllable conditions.It was found that the CoS nanofibers exhibited ethanol sensing properties at the optimum working temperature of 200℃,the response was 11.6 toward 100×10^(-6) ethanol gas,and the CoS nanofibersbased sensor exhibits a short response time and recovery time of 5 and 6 s at the optimum temperature,respectively,the result also shows that the sensor has good stability after 50 days,which would be a favorable characteristic as a promising sensor.In addition,the Pauli paramagnetic property of CoS nanofibers was also investigated at room temperature.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB933500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61422403,51672180,51622306,21673151)+2 种基金Qing Lan ProjectCollaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology(NANO-CIC)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Organic field-effect transistors(OFETs) based on organic micro-/nanocrystals have been widely reported with charge carrier mobility exceeding 1.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1), demonstrating great potential for high-performance, low-cost organic electronic applications. However, fabrication of large-area organic micro-/nanocrystal arrays with consistent crystal growth direction has posed a significant technical challenge. Here, we describe a solution-processed dip-coating technique to grow large-area, aligned 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl) anthracene(BPEA) and 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene(TIPSPEN) single-crystalline nanoribbon arrays. The method is scalable to a 5 9 10 cm^2 wafer substrate, with around 60% of the wafer surface covered by aligned crystals. The quality of crystals can be easily controlled by tuning the dip-coating speed. Furthermore, OFETs based on well-aligned BPEA and TIPS-PEN single-crystalline nanoribbons were constructed.By optimizing channel lengths and using appropriate metallic electrodes, the BPEA and TIPS-PEN-based OFETs showed hole mobility exceeding 2.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)(average mobility 1.2 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)) and 3.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)(average mobility2.0 cm^2V^(-1)s^(-1)), respectively. They both have a high on/off ratio(I_(on)/I_(off))>10~9. The performance can well satisfy the requirements for light-emitting diodes driving.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 61804103)National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFA0205002)+8 种基金Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Nos. 18KJA535001 and 14KJB 150020)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (Nos. BK20170343 and BK20180242)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2017M610346)State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University (No. SKL2018-03)Nantong Municipal Science and Technology Program (No. GY12017001)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University (KSL201803)supported by Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
文摘Continuous deforming always leads to the performance degradation of a flexible triboelectric nanogenerator due to the Young’s modulus mismatch of different functional layers.In this work,we fabricated a fiber-shaped stretchable and tailorable triboelectric nanogenerator(FST-TENG)based on the geometric construction of a steel wire as electrode and ingenious selection of silicone rubber as triboelectric layer.Owing to the great robustness and continuous conductivity,the FST-TENGs demonstrate high stability,stretchability,and even tailorability.For a single device with ~6 cm in length and ~3 mm in diameter,the open-circuit voltage of ~59.7 V,transferred charge of ~23.7 nC,short-circuit current of ~2.67 μA and average power of ~2.13 μW can be obtained at 2.5 Hz.By knitting several FST-TENGs to be a fabric or a bracelet,it enables to harvest human motion energy and then to drive a wearable electronic device.Finally,it can also be woven on dorsum of glove to monitor the movements of gesture,which can recognize every single finger,different bending angle,and numbers of bent finger by analyzing voltage signals.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51802209,22077093,51761145041,51525203)the National Research Programs from Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)of China(2016YFA0201200)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20180848)the Jiangsu Social Development Project(BE2019658)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technologythe 111 Program from the Ministry of Education of China.
文摘Due to the negative roles of tumor microenvironment(TME)in compromising therapeutic responses of various cancer therapies,it is expected that modulation of TME may be able to enhance the therapeutic responses during cancer treatment.Herein,we develop a concise strategy to prepare pH-responsive nanoparticles via the CaCO3-assisted double emulsion method,thereby enabling effective co-encapsulation of both doxorubicin(DOX),an immunogenic cell death(ICD)inducer,and alkylated NLG919(aNLG919),an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1).The obtained DOX/aNLG919-loaded CaCO3 nanoparticles(DNCaNPs)are able to cause effective ICD of cancer cells and at the same time restrict the production of immunosuppressive kynurenine by inhibiting IDO1.Upon intravenous injection,such DNCaNPs show efficient tumor accumulation,improved tumor penetration of therapeutics and neutralization of acidic TME.As a result,those DNCaNPs can elicit effective anti-tumor immune responses featured in increased density of tumor-infiltrating CD8+cytotoxic T cells as well as depletion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells(Tregs),thus effectively suppressing the growth of subcutaneous CT26 and orthotopic 4T1 tumors on the Balb/c mice through combined chemotherapy&immunotherapy.This study presents a compendious strategy for construction of pH-responsive nanoparticles,endowing significantly enhanced chemo-immunotherapy of cancer by overcoming the immunosuppressive TME.
文摘Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to value-added fuels and chemicals is recognized as a promising strategy to alleviate energy shortages and global warming owing to its high efficiency and economic feasibility.Recently,understanding the activity origin,selectivity regulation,and reaction mechanisms of CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RRs)has become the focus of efficient electrocatalyst design.Polyoxometalates(POMs),a unique class of nanosized metal-oxo clusters,are promising candidates for the development of efficient CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts and,owing to their well-defined structure,remarkable electron/proton storage and transfer ability,and capacities for adsorption and activation of CO_(2),are ideal models for investigating the activity origin and reaction mechanisms of CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.In this review,we focus on the activity origin and mechanism of CO_(2)RRs and survey recent advances that were achieved by employing POMs in electrocatalytic CO_(2)RRs.We highlight the significant roles of POMs in the electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR process and the main factors influencing selectivity regulation and catalytic CO_(2)RR performance,including the electrolyte,electron-transfer process,and surface characteristics.Finally,we offer a perspective of the advantages and future challenges of POM-based materials in electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction that could inform new advancements in this promising research field.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.U1432249,21203130)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)This work was also supported by the German Research Foundation(DFG:LE2249/5-1).
文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery with a new configuration is demonstrated by inserting a flexible nitrogen-doping carbon nanofiber(N-CNFs)interlayer between the sulfur cathode and the separator.The N-CNFs film with high surface roughness and surface area is fabricated by electrospinning and a subsequent calcination process.The N-CNFs film interlayer not only effectively traps the shuttling migration of polysulfides but also gives the whole battery reliable electronic conductivity,which can effectively enhance the electrochemical performance of Li–S batteries.Finally,Li–S batteries with long cycling stability of 785 mAh/g after 200 cycles and good rate capability of 573 mAh/g at 5 C are achieved.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21908081,21501072,51972216,51725204,21771132 and 52041202)the National MCF Energy R&D Program(2018YFE0306105)+1 种基金Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51821002)the Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professors Program,and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190041,BK20190828 and BK20150489).
文摘Due to the quantum size effect and other unique photoelectric properties,quantum dots(QDs)have attracted tremendous interest in nanoscience,leading a lot of milestone works.Meantime,the scope and scientific connotation of QDs are constantly expanding,which demonstrated amazing development vitality.Besides the well-developed Cd-containing Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductors,QDs of environmentally friendly Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ(Ⅰ=Cu,Ag;Ⅲ=Ga,In;Ⅵ=S,Se)chalcogenides have been a hot spot in the QDs family,which are different from traditional Ⅱ-Ⅵ QDs in terms of multi-composition,complex defect structure,synthetic chemistry and optical properties,bringing a series of new laws,new phenomena and new challenges.The composition of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ chalcogenides and their solid solutions can be adjusted within a very large range while the anion framework remains stable,giving them excellent capability of photoelectric property manipulation.The important features of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs include wide-range bandgap tuning,large Stokes shift and long photoluminescence(PL)lifetime,which are crucial for biological,optoelectronic and energy applications.This is due to the coexistence of two or more metal cations leading to a large number of intrinsic defects within the crystal lattice also known as deep-donor-acceptor states,besides the commonly observed surface defects in all QDs.However,a profound understanding of their structure and optoelectronic properties remains a huge challenge with many key issues unclear.On one hand,the achievements and experience of traditional QD research are expected to provide vital value for further development of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs.On the other hand,the understanding of the emerging new QDs,such as carbon and other 2D materials,are even more challenging because of the dramatically different composition and structure from Ⅱ-Ⅵ semiconductors.For this,Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs,as a close relative to Ⅱ-Ⅵ QDs but with much more complex composition and structure variation,provide a great opportunity as a gradual bridge to make up the big gap between traditional QDs and emerging new QDs,such as carbon dots.Here,we hope to compare the research progress of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs and Ⅱ-Ⅵ QDs,in an effort to comprehensively understand their structure,synthetic chemistry,optical electronic and photocatalytic properties.We further give insights on the key potential issues of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ QDs from the perspective of bridging between traditional QDs and emerging carbon dots,especially the profound principles behind synthetic chemistry,PL mechanism and optoelectronic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61675143, 11661131002)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20160277)+2 种基金the Soochow University-Western University Joint Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Researchthe Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technologythe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘We present a straightforward physical approach for synthesizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-Pd Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles(NPs), which allows predesign and control of the metal compositional ratio by simply adjusting the sputtering targets and conditions. The small-sized CNTs-Pd Au/Pt NPs(~3 nm, Pd/Au/Pt ratio of 3:1:2) act as nanocatalysts for the methanol oxidationreaction(MOR), showing excellent performance with electrocatalytic peak current of 4.4 A mg^(-1) Pt and high stability over 7000 s. The electrocatalytic activity and stability of the Pd Au/Pt trimetallic NPs are much superior to those of the corresponding Pd/Pt and Au/Pt bimetallic NPs,as well as a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Systematic investigation of the microscopic, crystalline, and electronic structure of the Pd Au/Pt NPs reveals alloying and charge redistribution in the Pd Au/Pt NPs, which are responsible for the promotion of the electrocatalytic performance.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21975169 and 21374066)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20171212)Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘In order to overcome the limitation of traditional active nano-therapeutic drugs on tumor targeting efficiency which cannot reach the receptor/target in sufficient amount in the body,in this work,we developed a monoclonal antibody(mAb)and a polymer-hyd-doxorubicin prodrug conjugate,which enables the self-assembled nanoparticles to have precise targeting,tumor tissue aggregation and pH-sensitive drug release.We first prepared an amphiphilic polymer prodrug,abbreviated as H2N-PEEP-b-PBYP-hyd-DOX,via a combination of ring-opening polymerization(ROP)and"click"chemistry,in which PEEP and PBYP represent two kinds of phosphoester segmemts,-hyd-is hydrazone bond.After self-assembly into prodrug nanoparticles(PDNPs)with a diameter of about 93 nm,CD147 mAb was conjugated onto the PDNPs by EDC/NHS chemistry to form mAb-PDNPs.For the PDNPs and mAb-PDNPs,we also investigated their stability,in vitro drug release behavior and cellular uptake.The results showed that the pH-responsive PDNPs can remain relatively stable under the condition of PB 7.4 buffer solution.However,under acidic conditions or in the presence of phosphodiesterase I(PDE I),both the amount and rate of DOX release increased at the same incubation period.Cytotoxicity assay showed that mAb-PDNPs exhibited higher cytotoxicity(IC50:1.12 mg·L^(-1))against HepG2 cells than PDNPs(IC50:2.62 mg·L^(-1))without monoclonal antibody.The nanoparticles with antibodies mAb-PDNPs have relatively better stability and can directly achieve the targeting drug delivery through CD147 mAb.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no.51772199)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant no.BK20170329)+2 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technologythe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe 111 Project。
文摘Polymeric organic battery materials are promising alternatives to the transition-metal-based ones owing to their enriched chemistries. However, the flammability of organic compounds brings in serious concern on battery safety. In addition to use flame-retarding electrolyte/electrolyte additives or battery separators,flame retardancy can readily be achieved through the integration of flame-retarding unit into the polymer backbone, imparting the flame retardancy permanently. The as-designed polymer based on phenothiazine shows significantly shortened self-extinguished time without deteriorating its intrinsic thermodynamic and electrochemical properties. Moreover, two electron per phenothiazine molecule is realized for the first time in a highly reversible manner with discharge voltages of 3.52 V and 4.16 V versus Li+/Li and an average capacity of ca. 120 mAh g-1 at a current rate of 2 C. The origin of the reversibility is investigated through density functional theory(DFT) calculations. These findings address the importance of molecular design for safer and more stable organic materials for batteries.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20210735)National Natural Science Foundation of China (52201269, 52302296)+4 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technologythe 111 Projectthe Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano and Soft MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devicesthe funding from the Gusu leading talent plan for scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship (ZXL2022487)。
文摘The development of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) that bears high selectivity,exceptional activity,and long-term stability is crucial for advancing various green energy technologies.Intermetallics composed of platinum and transition metals are considered to be promising candidates for this purpose.However,they typically face challenges such as unfavorable intrinsic activity and a propensity for particle aggregation,diminishing their ORR performance.Against this backdrop,we present our findings on a N-doped carbon confined Pt_(3)Co intermetallic doped with p-block metal tin(Pt_(3)Co_(x)Sn_(1-x)/NC).The introduction of Sn induces lattice strain due to its larger atomic size,which leads to the distortion of the Pt_(3)Co lattice structure,while the coupling of carbon polyhedra inhibits the particle aggregation.The optimized Pt_(3)Co_(0.8)Sn_(0.2)/NC catalyst demonstrates an impressive half-wave potential of 0.86 V versus RHE,surpassing both Pt_(3)Co/NC and Pt_(3)Sn/NC catalysts.Moreover,the Pt_(3)Co_(0.8)Sn_(0.2)/NC exhibits a mass-specific activity as high as 1.4 A mg_(Pt)^(-1),ranking it in the top level among the intermetallicsbased ORR electrocatalysts.When further employed as a cathode material in a self-assembled zinc-air battery,it shows stable operation for over 80 h.These results underscore the significant impact of lattice strain engineering through the strategic doping of p-block metal in the carbon-confined Pt_(3)Co intermetallic,thereby enhancing the catalytic efficiency for the ORR.
基金the support from NSRL for the XAS experiments.This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0406103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1932211)+1 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology,the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the 111 Project.
文摘In-situ observation of the charge transfer plays a key role in understanding the working mechanism of hematite for solar water oxidation.Here by using in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),the electron injection from illuminated hematite(photon-excited electron)to the surface carbon layer can be clearly identified,which can facilitate the charge separation and then improve the performance.As a result,the carbon-coated and Sn-doped hematite photoanode(C-Sn-Fe_(2)O_(3))shows a greatly enhanced photocurrent density of 2.3 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 VRHE,which is 2.3 times that of the pristine hematite.The injected electron can modify the chemical state of surface groups in the carbon layer and be quickly transferred to the electrode due to the high conductivity of the carbon layer,leaving behind the high-valence Fe^(4+)with high oxidation capability to enhance the performance.By coupling with the FeNiOOH co-catalyst,the photoanode can finally achieve a high photocurrent density of 3.0 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 VRHE with a low onset potential of 0.76 VRHE.The understanding of the charge migration route by using in-situ XAS offers a novel way for the design of highly efficient solar water oxidation materials.
文摘Surface with well-defined components and structures possesses unique electronic,magnetic,optical and chemical properties.As a result,surface chemistry research plays a crucial role in various fields such as catalysis,energy,materials,quantum,and microelectronics.Surface science mainly investigates the correspondence between surface property and functionality.Scanning probe microscopy(SPM)techniques are important tools to characterize surface properties because of the capability of atomic-scale imaging,spectroscopy and manipulation at the single-atom level.In this review,we summarize recent advances in surface electronic,magnetic and optical properties characterized mainly by SPM-based methods.We focus on elucidating theπ-magnetism in graphene-based nanostructures,construction of spin qubits on surfaces,topology properties of surface organic structures,STM-based light emission,tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and integration of machine learning in SPM studies.
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1500900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071174)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Major Project(No.BK20212005)。
文摘Metal-free carbon-based catalysts exhibit diverse electrocatalytic performances in CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),but the attributions and contributions of active sites are still confusing to date.Herein,the hierarchical carbon nanocages(hCNC)doped with different heteroatoms(B,N,P,S)are prepared to examine the impact of dopants on the competitive CO_(2)RR and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The hCNC and P-doped hCNC show little CO_(2)RR activity,B-and S-doped hCNC show weak CO_(2)RR activity,while N-doped hCNC presents high CO_(2)RR activity.The CO Faradaic efficiency(FECO)of N-containing hCNC increases almost linearly with increasing the N content,even with the co-existing B or P.S and SN-doped hCNC more facilitate the HER.16 doping configurations are constructed,and up to 53 sites are examined CO_(2) H2O H2 CO*H*COOH*CO for the electrochemical activities with a constant potential modelling method.The pyridinic-N(N^(*))is the best active site for CO_(2)RR to CO,while CBO_(2)H_(2)-1(αC^(*)),CBO_(2)H_(2)-2(γC^(*)),NO-1(βC^(*)),PO_(2)H-3(αC^(*))and SO_(3)H-3(δC^(*))are active for HER.The optimized FECO achieves 83.6%for N-doped hCNC with 9.54 at.%nitrogen,and S-doped hCNC reaches ca.30 mA·cm^(-2) current density for HER.This study unveils the structure-performance correlation of heteroatom-doped hCNC,which is conducive to the rational design of advanced metal-free carbon-based catalysts.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.U1432249)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)+1 种基金supported by Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technologysponsored by Qing Lan Project
文摘Looking toward world technology trends over the next few decades, self-powered sensing networks are a key field of technological and economic driver for global industries. Since 2006, Zhong Lin Wang's group has proposed a novel concept of nanogenerators(NGs), including piezoelectric nanogenerator and triboelectric nanogenerator, which could convert a mechanical trigger into an electric output. Considering motion ubiquitously exists in the surrounding environment and for any most common materials used every day, NGs could be inherently served as an energy source for our daily increasing requirements or as one of self-powered environmental sensors. In this regard, by coupling the piezoelectric or triboelectric properties with semiconducting gas sensing characterization, a new research field of self-powered gas sensing has been proposed. Recent works have shown promising concept to realize NG-based self-powered gas sensors that are capable of detecting gas environment without the need of external power sources to activate the gas sensors or to actively generate a readout signal. Compared with conventional sensors, these self-powered gas sensors keep the approximate performance.Meanwhile, these sensors drastically reduce power consumption and additionally reduce the required space for integration,which are significantly suitable for the wearable devices. This paper gives a brief summary about the establishment and latest progress in the fundamental principle, updated progress and potential applications of NG-based self-powered gas sensing system. The development trend in this field is envisaged, and the basic configurations are also introduced.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.61804103,U1932124)the National Science and Technology Major Project from Minister of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2018AAA0103104)+8 种基金Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.18KJA535001)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Nos.BK20170343,BK20180242)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon Based Functional Materials and Devices,Soochow University(KJS1803)the XJTLU Key Programme Special Fund(KSF-A-18)Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Energy Storage Technology and Equipments,China University of Mining and Technology(CUMT)supported by Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technologythe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices.
文摘Photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation is a promising approach to address the environmental pollution and energy crisis.In this work,we present a hybridized mechanical and solar energy-driven selfpowered hydrogen production system.A rotatory disc-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator was employed to harvest mechanical energy from water and functions as a su cient external power source.WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction photoanode was synthesized in a PEC water-splitting cell to produce H2.After transformation and rectification,the peak current reaches 0.1 m A at the rotation speed of 60 rpm.In this case,the H2 evolution process only occurs with sunlight irradiation.When the rotation speed is over 130 rpm,the peak photocurrent and peak dark current have nearly equal value.Direct electrolysis of water is almost simultaneous with photoelectrocatalysis of water.It is worth noting that the hydrogen production rate increases to 5.45 and 7.27μL min-1 without or with light illumination at 160 rpm.The corresponding energy conversion e ciency is calculated to be 2.43%and 2.59%,respectively.All the results demonstrate such a self-powered system can successfully achieve the PEC hydrogen generation,exhibiting promising possibility of energy conversion.
基金Open access funding provided by Shanghai Jiao Tong University。
文摘Traditional triboelectric tactile sensors based on solid–solid interface have illustrated promising application prospects through optimization approach.However,the poor sensitivity and reliability caused by hard contact-electrification still poses challenges for the practical applications.In this work,a liquid–solid interface ferrofluid-based triboelectric tactile sensor(FTTS)with ultrahigh sensitivity is proposed.Relying on the fluidity and magnetism of ferrofluid,the topography of microstructure can be flexibly adjusted by directly employing ferrofluid as triboelectric material and controlling the position of outward magnet.To date,an ultrahigh sensitivity of 21.48 k Pa;for the triboelectric sensors can be achieved due to the high spike microstructure,low Young’s modulus of ferrofluid and efficient solid–liquid interface contact-electrification.The detection limit of FTTS of 1.25 Pa with a wide detection range to 390 k Pa was also obtained.In addition,the oleophobic property between ferrofluid and poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene triboelectric layer can greatly reduce the wear and tear,resulting in the great improvement of stability.Finally,a strategy for personalized password lock with high security level has been demonstrated,illustrating a great perspective for practical application in smart home,artificial intelligence,Internet of things,etc.
